Actual EVIDENCE for the Exodus (with Titus Kennedy)

[@rampartranger7749]

“ Ancient cultures didn’t record their defeats or embarrassments. “ -except for the Hebrews, whose records seem to, strangely, be a long catalogue of self-criticisms.” Which is something to think about.

[@kevinshirley9344]

The Hebrews did it too in regards of their battles with those who worshiped the god Mot. The Hebrews tell a different version of events than those of the tribe who worshiped Mot. The Torah itself was written around 586BCE. The Hebrews were henotheist (worshiped many gods but had a supreme) and were anti Babylon. The stories of Abraham and Moses have an anti Babylon and pro Henotheism narratives to them... the issue is that both narratives did NOT exist is Moses's time nor in Abrahams time. This means the stories of Abraham and Moses were likely made up during the religious reformation by the Hebrews in 600BCE when the Torah was written.

[@ronaldridgardo2564]

@@kevinshirley9344 Hebrews did not believe in many gods that’s a false statement.

[@jamiecamidge2199]

Egypt was hit by plagues including the death of every first born son and that wasn’t recorded??? BTW the Egyptians catalogued a lot of tragedies including famines and a catastrophic war with the ‘sea people’ (Hittites?). Also at the time of the biblical account of the exodus, the evidence supports Egyptian governance of Canaan! His argument is a mess

[@protoseargeant]

​@ronaldridgardo2564 Of course they did. Idolatry was rampant throughout ancient Israel. That's the main thing God punishes them for throughout the OT. God told them not to have other gods, but they did anyways.

[@italiansalmonhead]

No true at all. Romans recorded all the battle even wrote poems about the defeat. Any really major empire reported their defeated in their records.

[@karengoldsmith420]

My family and I visited Cairo this past September. Our tour guide, a highly accredited Egyptologist who is also a local, took us to the Egyptian Museum. At one point she took us to a back room with artifacts that were open for the public to see, but also partially in storage. There was a large stone tablet with lists of names of families or lineages in Egypt inscribed in hieroglyphs. She was able to read hieroglyphs and pointed out a section towards the bottom right hand corner of the tablet that says “Israel” and she suggested that it might be some evidence for the Israelites in Egypt. She also mentioned that if this artifact were in Israel, it would be a main attraction. It was in the back room there because it’s not exactly a source of pride for the Egyptians. I would like to ask Dr. Kennedy if this tablet is widely known and studied among the scholarly apologetics community. I thought it was a pretty cool find!

[@karengoldsmith420]

Yes that’s it! I didn’t realize it was called a stele. Thanks for pointing that out!

[@gebedzandvoort]

According to Dr. Douglas Petrovich the Ezbet Rushdi Stele may contain the names of Jacob and Joseph. Read his book"Origins of the Hebrews: New Evidence of Israelites in Egypt from Joseph to the Exodus" (2021). Dr. Douglas Petrovich gives solid answers and he comes with evidence for the Exodus during the reign of Amenhotep II in 1446 BC (Early date of the Exodus).

[@gebedzandvoort]

This is an interview with Dr. Douglas Petrovich the author of "Origins of the Hebrews" kzbin.info/www/bejne/q5-2l6yXerCqirs

[@07mandylynn]

It was discovered in 1896. Interesting it is not a more popular artifact!

[@stephengray1344]

If you want to ask for more information about this, I recommend the weekly Q and A run by Egyptologist Dr David Falk over on his channel Ancient Egypt and the Bible.

[@vladhungrygen]

Thank you Sean. I am in Egypt right now and our tour guides are silent about this. Glad that you did this video.

[@eugeneoisten9409]

Because it didn't happen. Hard to talk about something that never happened.

[@harrycooper5231]

You sound like someone who visited NY, and is upset the tour guides were silent about showing you Spiderman's actual home.

[@oramenkamividpro5778]

Actually the tour guides would love for this information to be true 😅. They are either Christians or Muslims. Do both believe in this story and they would have been very very happy to talk about it 😁. But as you said they never mentioned it as it's not true 😊

[@johnvirgilio5323]

So no one's seen the documentary series Patterns of Evidence? So much evidence there. One example is in the ancient city in Egypt of foreigners called Avaris. There is one area that has twelve small tombs with one much larger with a statue of a ruler upon who's shoulder we see faintly a coat of many colors. One thing on the coral encrusted chariot wheels is that metal is detected at the center. It's also at a under water land bridge of sorts, off of a large beach that could even hold over a million. There's much more. ( Coral makes itself into a wheel shape but only there in the Red Sea... With a metal center. Right.)

[@ChokeArtist411]

@@johnvirgilio5323pathetic

[@pamgessler5923]

I love how the two bookworms have so many shelves of books, their backgrounds make it look as if they're in the same room. 🙂

[@rt3tech]

Except for all the idols in Sean's background.

[@jeffofthehillpeople7728]

I’m absolutely fascinated by this stuff. I loved “Patterns of Evidence” and truly appreciate the cautious and careful approach that Dr. Kennedy presents here. Well done!

[@stephengray1344]

If you're fascinated by this stuff, I'd recommend the three-part Exodus Rediscovered series on the Inspiring Philosophy channel, and also most of the content on the Ancient Egypt and the Bible channel, run by Egyptologist Dr David Falk. They present a different case for the Exodus from Dr Kennedy, and it's well worth being familiar with both versions.

[@harrymaurer7984]

The three part series mentioned above makes the case for Ramses the Great being the Pharaoh of the Exodus which I find unconvincing to say the least. I am glad however that the makers of the documentary do believe in the Exodus as an actual event though… that’s good.

[@magnificentuniverse3085]

@@harrymaurer7984 Why are you unconvinced when the Bible itself says that Israelites made grain silos in the city called Ramesses that was literally built by Ramesses the Great and there wasnt any settlement before Ramesside one on that location ever. Also Pithom is made by none other than you guessed it Ramesses the Great as well, he was the one who built the House of god Atum (literal translation of Pi-thom) in that scarcely populated village and thus made it repopulated again with that new name (ie. Pithom). Grain silos are found in both Pi-ramesses and in Pi-thom that are dated, you guessed it, around the time of Ramesses the Great that fit the description of mud bricks mixed with straw from the Bible. The only real thing thats bothering you is that it doesnt fit 480 years (or 440 according to Septuagint) from the book of kings and dates that are given in the book of Judges. So we have to choose one or the other, either say that Israelites left Egypt before there even was Pithom and Pi-ramesses or that the dates are wrong/metaphorical/exaggerated/symbolical (I mean 480=12*40 sounds familiar? Also there are dozens of ancient near east temple dedication inscriptions that use rounded symbolical numbers like 720=12*60 or 40 or 400 that are also clearly not literal and sometimes off by centuries)

[@harrymaurer7984]

@@magnificentuniverse3085 Hello. Ramses 2 could not possibly have been the Pharaoh of the Exodus for a host of reasons a few of which I will mention here. First it is important to realize that the Bible itself never mentions the name of the Pharaoh of the Exodus. Just because the name is mentioned as a city or land does not mean the Pharaoh was Ramses. One reason Ramses 2 could not have been the Exodus Pharoah is because of the mention of the Israelites in Egyptian records themselves. Ramses 2 son Merneptah mentions them as being a people group in Palestine at that time. They were already an established people group at that time in Cannon. Go read about the “Merneptah Stele”. The mention of Israel in that victory Stele next to other city states means that the Israelites were an established people at that time and did not just wander into the land recently. The “Soleb Temple Cartouche” dated to 1396-1358 BC mentions the “nomads of Yahwehs land” That’s considered the earliest mention of the name Yahweh outside of the Bible and clearly states that the Israelites were considered a Bedouin or non-settled type of people at that time… but that they were located somewhere in Cannon. That inscription is from the reign of Amenhotep III. The Israelites were most likely in the “conquest of the land of Cannon” phase at that time. There are other such mentions of the Israelites as well including the “Amarah West Inscription”. Also you have the fact that nothing in The life of Ramses 2 even remotely mentions or hints at any trouble during his reign. He was the most successful of all Pharaohs. In fact, Ramses is said to restore Egypt to its former glory and bring it back to its rightful place on the world stage… though the Egyptians never mention what exactly happened before him to make them weak. In fact… Egypt has some problems from about the middle of the 18th dynasty all the way until Ramses 2 in the 19th dynasty. There are a bunch of weak rulers who are in power for very short periods of time. The best explanation of why the name Ramses appears in the Bible is that when the Israelites start to settle in the Land of Canon and are making new copies of their history… they use the name of the areas they are from that were in use at that current time!! In other words… when the conquest is over and there is some peace (and shortly thereafter) they use the name Ramses cause that was it was called at that very time in the 1200’s and 1100’s BC. What we are not being told is that the name Ramses was used during the slavery period several hundred years earlier. The cities had all changed names and the Israelites wanted to make sure that people understood where they came from. The strangest use of the name Ramses however is in Genesis 46:28 and 47:11 in reference to when Joseph was alive. There is zero chance that the land was called Ramses in Jospehs time either. But it’s not a problem at all… the writers and copiers of texts in the period of the Judges and possibly early Monarchy just decide to use the name Ramses cause that’s what it was caulked at that time and they want to be clear that the same place ancestor Joseph went to is the exact same place that they eventually are enslaved in and leave miraculously by Gods power.

[@magnificentuniverse3085]

@@harrymaurer7984 Thank you for your lengthy argumentation. Ill tell you what are my thoughts on examples you gave. 1. You first mentioned Marneptah Stele and then said that its impossible for Israelites to be mentioned by him if they left Egypt during the reign of Ramesses II. I just want to remind you that Ramesses II lived for about 90 years and reigned for almost 70 years, Marneptah reigned for 5 years when he wrote the Stele. There are 75 years there, which is perfectly enough for Israelites to leave Egypt and then come to the promised land if they left in the beginning or even middle of Ramesses rule even if we take 40 years of wandering literally. (There are some arguments and examples in extra-biblical Levantine sources that 40 years arent meant to be taken literally but were an idiom). The determinitive thats next to the word Israel on the Stele is for "foreign people" and the fact that they are mentioned next to the Hivites on the Stele (who were the wandering remnants of the Mitani empire in Canaan) implies that Israelites were a wandering nomadic tribe in the part of Canaan where Marneptah had his conquest. Marneptah in Israel Stele also says that Ashkelon, Gezer and Yenoam were Canaanite cities when he defeated them. Ashkelon was taken by Israelites from the Canaanites at the beginning of the time of Judges by Judah and Simeon after Joshua died (Judges 1:18) so it either happened before Israelites took it or when they lost Ashkelon to Philistines (who are also not considered Canaanites but sea peoples that are well known to Egyptian sources, so the former makes more sense if we want to say that Marneptah didnt make a mistake on the Stele). Gezer was also taken by Israelites during Joshuas conquest, and it stayed Israelite. True the text says that they didnt drive out the Canaanites from Gezer but that they lived together there, but the text says that Israelites made them pay tribute and enslaved them, so it was technically Israelite city and not Canaanite. So again, Marneptahs conquest must have been before Israelites took Gezer from Canaanites or he made a mistake there. Yenoam was also mentioned as a border to the land of Ephraim and it stayed Israelite. Again Marneptah considered all those cities Canaanite and not Israelite, for him Israelites were comparable to wandering nomadic Hivites. So Marneptah Stele as it stands can perfectly fit the timing of Joshuas conquest, far more so than later Judges period. 2. As for the Shasu of Yahu it is on a list of foreigners that goes like this: ...Shasu of Seir Shasu of Laban Shasu of Payaspayas Shasu of Samata Shasu of Yahu Shasu of Turibaru... Most of those are confirmed toponyms (placenames) in Edom. So it implies that Yahu is toponym in Edom as well and not a name of a deity. But, some of the toponyms are theophoric (like Betel which means House of God/El), so is Yahu theophoric (ie. does it come from the name of God?). Well maybe but there isnt much evidence, actually there is evidence that points to that its not a theophoric toponym. In Egyptian theophoric toponyms there is a god/goddess determinitive hieroglyph that literally tells the readers of that toponym "this part of the toponym is a name of one god/goddess". For example Per-Het-Haret and Baal-Zephon and Pithom have a determinitive that there is a name of god in those placenames. Yahu doesnt have that determinitive, so Egyptians who wrote the inscription either didnt know that its a theophoric name or made a mistake or knew that its not a theophoric name. Also what are Israelites doing in Edom during Amenhotep III 57 years after early date exodus? Also they are explicitly told not to go trhough Edom in the Bible when they were going to the promised land. 3. I think that you are overestimating the prosperity of Ramesses II, Egypt was soon swarmed by Lybians and sea peoples after him and they really had a hard time protecting themselves then, and practically lost their firm hold of Palestine. 4. You say that later Israelites edited Torah and added the name of Ramesses because it was a name used in their time for the place they inhabited earlier that had a different name back then. I already said that there was no settlement on the ground of Ramesses before Ramesses, so your explanation doesnt hold water. It means that Israelites not only changed the name of the place but the place itself. The use in Josephs time is clearly anachronistic and uses the placename that was popular in the time of the writer and it uses a broader term "land of Ramesses" but in Exodus its explicitly said that Israelites built grain silos in the cities of Ramesses and Pithom. There hasnt been any city at the place of Pi-Ramesses before Ramesses II, only a barren island that had never been inhabited before.

[@DreDredel3]

Many overlook the fact that in the Exodus story, after the Hebrews exited Egypt, they arrived at Mount Sinai. The Sinai Peninsula was always part of Egypt. However the real mount Sinai mentioned in Exodus is located in modern-day Saudi Arabia. Also note that archaeologists used to think the city of Troy was mythical until an archaeologist took the initiative to go to the geographic area where the City of Troy should have been & indeed it was found.

[@kevinshirley9344]

The Torah (first 5 books of the OT) was written around 500BCE. This was a time during the Levant where the Hebrews were Henotheists and anti babylon (586BCE). The Henotheist and anti babylon did not exist in the Levant prior to the 900BCE. This is significant because the stories of Abraham and Moses were stories that were pro Henotheism and anti bablyon narratives. Moses and Abraham would not have been either, this means the stories are likely made up during the babylon exile rather than actual historical stories. God even refers Himself to Abraham in Genesis in a way that is ONLYL known to people during the babylon exile era, and NOT in Abrahams time!! Keep in mind that in 600BCE the Hebrews had a religious reformation... its too much of a coincidence that the stories of the torah being Henotheist and anti babylon happen to be true during the reformation of Hebrews being Henotheists and anti babylon....Its not a coincidence, it means the stories of Abraham and Moses were not historical.

[@sakatagintoki4164]

​@kevinshirley9344 your statement seems a bit biased towards the postmodern world view. Let me add that the pentateuch was written by Moses according to tradition. So when you say that these 5 books were written by the jews after the fact that there was a law, this would mean that they had no law. When the bible talks about the law of Moses, it would actually be the laws of the jews made by the jews. About Abraham, then the whole things of genealogies would have to be wrong, Issac, Jacob, all would be made up characters which are recorded in the genealogies of Jesus. Meaning that the genealogies of Jesus was complete bogus, and that there was not a Issac that leads to Jacob, and then a Jacob that leads to Abraham, the father of the jews whom God made a nation out of. I would need to ask for your evidence on what made you think these events were recorded hundreds of years after the events occurred, along with the fact the evidence on why you think this was written during the bablyonian exile, where making a religion would be the least of their concerns, and that their top priority is to survive. Please provide evidence and not claims.

[@kevinshirley9344]

@@sakatagintoki4164 That is not correct... the Torah was NOT written by Moses or anyone who knew Moses for a couple of reasons... one is that the Torah was written around 500BCE that told stories such as Abraham and Moses that reflected the time era of 500BCE rather than the era's Abraham and Moses lived in. This means that the stories of both could not have been passed down by oral traditions as such errors would not be present in oral traditions. Anti Babylon narrative and the pro Henotheism era existed between 800BCE to 200BCE yet both Abraham and Moses's stories are anti babylon and pro Henotheism, they are both suppose to exist before 800BCE.... So it does not makes sense that these are oral traditions but rather newer concepts created as a direct result of the Babylon exile (around 500BCE). The second thing is that no evidence exists of Moses's story despite everything we know of that area in history. The story of Moses bares a striking resemblance to the Babylon exile that cannot be just a coincidence. Moses is also references Henotheism but the Hebrews are not Henotheist during Moses's supposed time era.

[@SnowAngelfish]

The bible plainly tells us moses went to the land of Midian and that is where the mountain of God was. Midian is in current day saudi Arabia. How the biblical mt sinai was placed far off west of Midian is unclear but another example of how men work to distort truth.

[@italiansalmonhead]

​@@SnowAngelfishhonetly will make way more send the Sinai to be in arebia then Egypt, phero send moses in exile, off Egypt so could be east off arabia.

[@johnrisher3007]

Blessed are those who believe and have not seen 🙏

[@setaymada5023]

Duped are those who believe and have not seen or paid attention to evidence.

[@kwanxin9506]

Clark Kent as a biblical archaeologist. Can't fool me. 🤣🤣

[@missthunderstormable]

Lol, he s cute

[@rt3tech]

My first thought, too! lol

[@alfonsuskristo1624]

If the exodus doesn't exist then why would a tribe write a fiction about them getting enslaved by other nations? Then after being freed, they're stuck in the desert for 40 years and not immediately end in happily ever after. Knowing how prideful a tribe can be, they couldn't have made that up unless it's true.

[@TebogoMotlhale]

to "WRITE" a fiction about yourself being enslaved, do you have to be "PROUD" of yourself when all you are doing is "WRITE" ? Why must the process of me taking a pen and a piece of paper to WRITE something down (about myself) NECCESSITATE or make it COMPULSTORY for me to now "BE Proud" of that writing (as a PRE-REQUISITE) ? Is it really IMPOSSIBLE for me to WRITE something (about myself) UNLESSS I am PROUD of that thing ? So I MUST BE PROUD of myself in order to WRITE something about myself . . . right ?

[@TheSulross]

The criteria of embarrassement is actually one that is used by all historical scholars when researching any ancient text. If something is embarrassing to the author or the people (group) that the author is representing, then the appearance of embarrassing material is said to be probably due to it being so widely known that it couldn't be dodged, and sometimes it might be portrayed in a way to soften the embarrassement - or even explain it away. Professional academic scholars certainly do employ this particular criteria in their tool chest of textual criticism. When they see this it tends to bolster probability of historicity per their overall analysis.

[@travissimpson7829]

Nah. People love to fantasize about being oppressed. Just look around at the culture today

[@danlopez.3592]

Why would people write fiction? Hmm. I don’t know😂

[@ḵulagaaw]

Even if you take everything you said as logical and absolutely true the answer becomes more obvious. This is a group of people that are conquered that wrote book that describes how to exist as a conquered people. We use to be great, we will be great again when god returns.

[@rlpsychology]

Excellent discussion on the case for the biblical Exodus, Drs. McDowell and Kennedy. Thanks so much..

[@bartbannister394]

Takes a Christian to call bullshit an "excellent discussion."

[@talithakoum3922]

@@bartbannister394 Aw, look at the stunning and brave little atheist trolling in the comments! So cute. 😂

[@PapaRocks]

The times referred to by Dr. Kennedy were punctuated by the Bronze Age collapse which was triggered in part by massive volcanic upheaval all around the Mediterranean. These include earthquakes, accompanying tsunamis and volcanic eruptions like that of Santorini. This disruption would be an ideal time for slaves to escape from Egypt. Moreover, many of the phenomena associated with this tectonic unrest have striking resemblance to the Plagues of the Biblical account. Greatly enjoyed this outstanding presentation!!

[@conservativemike3768]

Precisely!

[@rt3tech]

I believe the timing is wrong. The Hebrews (Joseph) entered Egypt around the time of the Bronze age collapse. It even says they went to Egypt because of famine. So, 400 years later the bronze age collapse was history.

[@fushumang1716]

Please also invite Dr. Falk here, he is the resource person on Inspiring Philosophy's docu on Exodus. Really compelling archaeological evidence on the later date and explains the conflict with early date

[@MarkNOTW]

No thanks. Falk is condescending

[@MarkNOTW]

Does Falk have an opinion on who the exodus pharaoh was?

[@INFINITUMSPIRIT]

​@@MarkNOTWYes see "Exodus rediscovered" By Inspiringphilosophy and Egyptologist David Falk

[@mereskepticism8548]

This is so absolutely awesome… The ground war of us normal people is often lost in soundbites. This is very helpful.❤

[@fepeerreview3150]

FIRST question for Dr. Kennedy. Biola University is a Christian university with a "statement of faith" required of its faculty. It also has clearly defined theological positions stated on its website. "The Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments are without error or misstatement in their moral and spiritual teaching and record of historical facts." My question - Dr. Kennedy, hypothetically, if you studied the evidence and came to the conclusion that the Old Testament account of Moses and the exodus was completely unsupported by evidence and that it was unlikely such evidence would come to light, and consequently could only conclude that the Bible account was extremely unlikely to be a correct account of history, would you lose your job and income?

[@noneofyourbusiness7055]

To be fair, finding not only a complete absence of evidence but also large amounts of evidence directly contradicting their position has been failing to deter apologists from their predetermined position for centuries...

[@dan_gocavs4110]

@@noneofyourbusiness7055 Watch Exodus Rediscovered by Inspiring Philosophy. There IS compelling evidences, both internal and external.

[@ChokeArtist411]

Hey now, it’s the secular academics who bring presuppositions and ideological biases to the table!

[@hockeycowboy10]

That scenario is moot: he has found much supporting evidence.

[@hockeycowboy10]

What “large amounts of evidence” do you think have ‘contradicted’ Biblical accounts?

[@oltyant]

Hey Sean, Great video! I recently bought Dr. Kennedy's book titled "Excavating the Evidence for Jesus" and reading it now. I am in the middle but so far it's an awesome book! I am glad that you invite him for discussion(s). God bless you both!

[@SeanMcDowell]

That’s great to hear!

[@bartbannister394]

Holy Shite! In 1948 the Israeli government hired the best archeologists to show how Israel became a nation. After 50 years of digging they proved, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that the exodus never happened. Dr. Sean has no shame.

[@oltyant]

@@bartbannister394 How can you prove the existence or non-existence of a 3500 years old historical event? As we go back more and more years in the past, we have less and less materials to prove that smth was true or not true. There are a tons of assumptions and interpretations about those excavated/discovered items. Some of them are implying things seemingly clearly, some of them are not. But ultimately, the interpretation depends on your worldview. A materialist/evolutionist always sees it as how to avoid to explain it without God Almighty (or simply without a creator). The same true of antisemites and semites. History/archeology is a low confidence science so either you believe what they present to you or not... and most probably you will lean to the explanation that is align with your worldview. Me, as a evangelical (biblical) Christian who believes in Our Saviour God Jesus Christ, the book in question reveals the Truth. Again, History is not practical Physics (= high confidence science) so it has much less confidence as you cannot repeat and observe the historical events how they happened, while in Physics eg. the gravity can be observed/examined any time on the Earth. Or in Math eg. the pythagorean theorem was proven for 2500 years and it is not falsifiable while History is written by the winners and interpreted/distorted based on the cultural norm/political powers (ideologies). Today, the materialist/evolutionist doctrines are widespread and it is really really hard to get money for a science which is against it.

[@bartbannister394]

@@oltyant Where did you get this crazy idea from? Of course the past is verifiable if there is good evidence. 2500 years ago Thucydides said that 192 soldiers were buried in a mound at Marathon. Sure enough there were 192 skeletal remains found within that mound.

[@str.77]

@@bartbannister394 That the past isn't verifiable is a crazy idea. But so is the idea that Israeli archeologists "proved that the Exodus never happened", least of all "beyond a shadow of a doubt". That is indeed shite!

[@kristinef.petersen1728]

I studied theology in lutheran university in Denmark, in Copenhagen: They made most of od testament to myth and some of new testament. They claim, that there's almost no archeological evidence for biblical stories. BUT at the entrance of the university, there's a stone (original stone) where kings of Israel were written. It's ironic. They said it's myth, for example because of numbers of people as Kennedy said.

[@linda0506]

How old is the stone?

[@fordprefect5304]

We are now talking about the 1st Millennium when the Hebrews were settled in Canaan. The Kings of Israel starting with David in Judah and Omri in Israel have been verified to have existed. The stories about them are greatly exaggerated. i.e. David and Goliath, Solomon's temple, etc. Everything before that is considered mythology. The oldest bible books are dated to the 8th century with most of the bile dated to the 5th to 7th century.

[@vhawk1951kl]

What is an"original stone"?Sid you mean or intend to type"there's a stone (original stone) where kings of Israel were written"? Who told you that and why do you believe them? Where exactly is that stone - word which will embrace anything from rock yo pebble to boulder to brick, Someone has been pulling your leg chum it would be interesting to learn on what the Torah was written and it was definitely*Not* stone or anything heavy, since seemingly your Israelite chappy was a peripatetic sort of cove.Mind you you nobody sane supposes the Torah to be anything but allegory and instructional tales, certainly not Jews.

[@lionheartapologetics4914]

Thanks for doing this interview! If you haven't seen "Patterns of Evidence: Exodus" it's worth watching for a plausible explanation of the exodus. Titus confirms a lot of the evidence in the film.

[@donaldcordner1936]

"Mountain of Fire" is also a good short version that Patterns of Evidence was eventually born from: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pHbHoZ6aoM9_nJI

[@stephengray1344]

It's not as good as the Exodus Rediscovered series over on the Inspiring Philiosophy channel/

[@JabberW00kie]

I used to buy into the Patterns of Evidence film and even bought David Rohl’s book Pharaohs and Kings. Now I know that David Rohl cherry picks data to fit his theory and conveniently leaves out information that makes it very implausible. What’s sad is that I believe that many Christians lean to the early date because they’ve been told that there is no evidence for a late date. At least, that’s the way Patterns of Evidence presents the situation. However, that is simply not the case. There is actually lots of good evidence to believe in a late date, much more so than an early date. I certainly have no problem changing my mind about that if I see more evidence to the contrary.

[@lionheartapologetics4914]

@@JabberW00kie thanks for sharing your thoughts. I'm happy to hear you're trying to follow the best evidence. The early date (c.1447 BCE) corresponds to 480 years before Solomon built the temple. It also corresponds with the confirmed date of the destruction of Jericho. I've read Garstang's original report of the excavation as the dig Kenyon did later. I have read Dr. Beitak's ongoing reports from Avaris and the early date corresponds with Asiatics' presence there. The best evidence corresponds with the early date of the Exodus. The point about the use of "Rameses" in Exodus 1:11 and Genesis 47:11 is reasonable based on the evidence. I have independently confirmed that the research does not correspond with the later date. That is based purely on when Rameses ruled. All the other evidence corresponds with the early date.

[@lionheartapologetics4914]

@@JabberW00kie The early date also corresponds with Israel's presence in Canaan. The dating of the Merneptah Stele (c.1206 BCE) as well as the archeological evidence of different food and sacrificial habits in Canaan (c. 1100s BCE) corresponds with the early date of the Exodus. The 19th Dynasty does not correspond with the dating of Israel's presence in Canaan.

[@davidfields4981]

Thanks for doing such great research. It is greatly appreciated.

[@mrshmanckles1463]

It's always a boost to my faith to hear about scientific archeology that upholds the bibles stories aka scriptures.

[@user-mh5qg5jb7d]

What about the overwhelming science that disproves what the bible says? We know from geology the Earth is close to 4.5 billion years old. We know Adam and Eve could not have populated Earth from incest. We know Noah's arc could not have repopulated the Earth with only 2 of each species, and we know there hasn't been enough time since Noah's story for all the biological diversity we see today. Would you send your own child to hell for eternity if they didn't love you? Of course not, so why would an all-loving creator do so? I believe God is real but religion is man made. A person must be spiritually blind to believe God cares about our money...

[@jasonwilloughby1372]

Lol

[@nextworld9176]

You either have faith, OR you have evidence. If it makes you feel good to see evidence, then you really DON'T have faith, do you? But that's a GOOD thing. Con men and scammers rely on your faith. If there were any gods, they would be really easy to find, don't you think?

[@adrianseanheidmann4559]

That's ridiculous.

[@danlopez.3592]

Yea. Every time I visit New York City I am assured that Spider-Man really has magic powers. 😂

[@konstantinoschristou3701]

Thank you for all. May you be well.

[@mrs.turnerstreehouse3652]

I'm wondering if Dr. Kennedy is familiar with Ron Wyatt and Mary Nell Wyatt's research on this topic. In her book, Battle for the Firstborn, Nell Wyatt proposes dual and overlapping timelines for the rulers of Egypt. For instance, according to her timeline, Thutmose III is the same ruler as Amenhotep II. Amenhotep II ruled when Moses fled, after killing the Egyptian. Her research suggests that Amenhotep III is the Pharoah of the Exodus. I'm interested to know what you think of her research.

[@jimmywright5054]

very good i enjoyed this discusion

[@ahhitskatie9094]

Two of my favorite brothers in Christ! Excellent interview, thank you both and God bless!

[@SeanMcDowell]

Ahh, thanks!

[@Itsatz0]

@@SeanMcDowell Here you are thanking the people you are taking on a ride. So buddy, find a way to delete this comment before the cat gets out of the bag.

[@ChrisPhoenix]

So interesting!!

[@MaryAnn_Pimentel]

I’m super excited for video! Very rare to see the evidence for the exodus. Praise the Lord! Next time, could you make a video on Gnosticism? I think it’s very hard topic nowadays

[@SeanMcDowell]

Enjoy! Thanks for the suggestion on Gnosticism.

[@stephengray1344]

There's plenty of evidence for the Exodus out there. Just on KZbin, Inspiring Philosophy recently released the third and final part in a series of videos outlining evidence for the Exodus (covering the exit from Egypt, the wandering period, and the conquest respectively). He collaborated with Egyptologist Dr David Falk, who has gone into the issue many times on his channel Ancient Egypt and the Bible - and who has appeared on lots of different Christian channels talking about the subject. There is currently a lack of good books on the subject, though.

[@vhawk1951kl]

What leads you to suppose that the Torah is anything other than a treaties on psychology woven into allegory.? Only idolatrous bigoted children and/or the kinderlander-Americans take it literally, lacking the wits breeding and learning to recognise what is *screamingly_obviously* allegory when the encounter it. Are you a blood Jew or a religious Jew?

[@DarrenGedye]

at 34:30 Kennedy says "God tells him 'hey, The Pharaoh who pursued you has died' " What version of the Bible is Kennedy using? Exodus 4:19 doesn't say *Pharaoh,* it says הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים, which is *men* plural! Also Kennedy seems to ignore Exodus 1:11 which states that they built Pithom and Ramses as storage cities. If Pithom is indeed Tell El Retaba then the first fortress was built during the reign of Ramesses II of the 19th dynasty. Prior settlements had not been fortified, but under Ramesses II it gained walls about 6 m thick. Meanwhile the city of Ramses is easy to identify as Ramasses II built a new capital Pi-Ramesses, very close to the large Semitic city of Avaris. And during the reign of Ramesses II the population of Avaris seems to have disappeared, around the time that the crown prince died (his firstborn son with Nefertari). I think Ramesses II is much more plausible as the Pharaoh of the exodus.

[@422systemarty]

This was a great interview. I would have like to hear his opinion on possible evidence for the Mount Sinai in Saudi Arabia were many claim is evidence were Moses went up to get the ten commandments. I am glad Sean asked about many people saying there is evidence of archeological evidence on the bottom of the Red Sea. Great Interview...

[@linda0506]

I think they need to investigate Petra in Jordan . Moses brother was buried there on Mount Hor. There is a valley there called The Valley of Moses. His brother Aaron is buried on Mount Hor. Petra was a very important city in antiquity. A staff which could be the staff of Moses was found at the Place of the Serpent, it is now in Birmingham Museum in the Egyptian Gallery.

[@bartbannister394]

Holy Shite! In 1948 the Israeli government hired the best archeologists to show how Isral became a nation. After 50 years of digging they proved, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that the exodus never happened. Dr. Sean has no shame.

[@linda0506]

@@bartbannister394 It did't happen at the time they thought it had happened, that's all. It doesn't mean it's all a fairy story.

[@bartbannister394]

@@linda0506 Archeologist can find absolutely no trace of Moses, nor a large population of Jews living in Egypt, at anytime. They can't find a trace of King Solomon. Nor his great temples. His words of wisdom are copied from the Egyptians. Moses and Solomon are proven fairytales. There is one bit of evidence found in the bible. They found one potsherd with David's name on it. It came from a site belonging to a minor warlord, not the king of a great empire.

[@linda0506]

@@bartbannister394 No evidence of the temples? Isn't the destruction of the second temple documented?

[@williambeckett6336]

Exodus is complete myth. Just ask one simple question: Where are all the bodies from the 10th plague? For context Egypt's population under Ramses II (the traditional Pharaoh) was between 2.9 to 4 million people. Living in a very restricted 16 mile wide habitable zone along the Nile. Low estimating the death toll b restricting an Egyptian family to say only four people ( they were much larger) a father, mother, first and second born, that's 725,000 people, in a very restricted area SIMULTANEOUSLY DROPPING DEAD. And if the father or mother were first borns they'd die too so you're potentially looking at 3 of 4 dying pushing the number MUCH higher. Yet there's no bodies. No mass mummifications, no mass burial pits, no laments, no records Egyptian or from other nations/empires at the time. nothing. There are no bidies becuasue it never happened.

[@joinjen3854]

Mass Graves done in a hurry are there. Like contagion or plague.

[@Detetive00000]

Have you forgotten the countless invasions of the Roman Empire, Babylon, England, Napoleon, Ottomans in Egypt?

[@youaregodspursuit-47]

@@Detetive00000 Yes, where are all the bodies from any catastrophe or large war? Same place all the bodies are from the plagues in Europe in the 14/15th centuries... really big holes, often unmarked.

[@eng.mohammed1122]

bodies will dissapear into diffrent places after 3000- 4000 years , your question is basically not right.

[@verngreenway4886]

Ipuwer papyrus. Worth reading. Overcome by invading Hyksos without a battle. How was such a rich country decimated, and left vulnerable to the Hyksos??

[@danielstacy1704]

I didn't realize Clark Kent was a Christian, how cool! I wonder if Superman knows🤔 But seriously thank you for this discussion, I look forward to reading Dr. Kennedy's book!

[@PaDutchRunner]

Mild-mannered archaeologist by day….

[@jessb9514]

I'm surprised there was no mention of Hatshepsut. She held the title King's Daughter at the time Moses was born and was most likely the daughter who found Moses in the water. Her husband died young, and the heir was a very young child, so she ruled in his place for years. She had a very close government official called Senenmut, meaning mother's brother. He was not of noble blood. There are statues of him holding her daughter. There's no record of him marrying. He was carved inside the temple portion of her tomb where only royalty is supposed to appear. He disappeared about the same time Moses would have disappeared, which also happened to be around the time Hatshepsut's step son came to power and the time she fell ill and died. Typically the next pharaoh would be the son of the previous pharaoh's highest ranking wife, but Hatshepsut had no known sons, only a daughter. Could her stepson have been looking for a reason to get rid of Moses out of fear or jealously? Years after her death, Hatshepsut's statues were destroyed, and the noses were intentionally broken off, indicating they wanted her to die in the afterlife. Her name was scratched off monuments. Senenmut received similar treatment. Since she wasn't much hated in her lifetime OR in the lifetime of her stepson, it seems plausible that all this hatred was directed at her after the plagues because she had saved Moses and brought into the royal household, and all the calamity has befallen Egypt, seemingly as a result. There's also an inscription somewhere where Senenmut is talking about how he has studied the history of the world and read everything the Egyptian libraries had on the subject of all the way back to the beginning. If Senenmut was Moses, it seems he had a deep interest in the history of the world even before he wrote Genesis.

[@bayareabeardco.3871]

Of note- the censuses in numbers only record men of fighting age(20-60). It does not account for women, children nor the elderly. While apologists will say the number was much lower to make it seem plausible. The count should have been much higher.

[@elihinze3161]

"They have an anti-supernatural bias" has to be the funniest thing I've heard all damn year. 😂

[@christopher7725]

I wonder what an intellectual amount of pro-supernatural bias is according to these professors…

[@DuelingDaltons]

Having difficulty finding the quote "they have an anti- supernatural bias". Could you help me out with a time code?

[@redfaux74]

Eli.... It's almost as funny as their belief that "nothing exploded" and here we are with all this complexity billions of years later. Let's see this nothing explode in a lab please. Let's see how every atom in the universe fit into a small dot. Because we know that's impossible by science. Almost as funny as the date of 13.778 billion years for the universe from these atheists. What was their mathematical equation or scientific method for this number? Why not 17.083 billion years as opposed to 23.567 billion years? I'd like to see the evidence for this. Something we can examine, test....

[@sliglusamelius8578]

You have an anti-supernatural bias, why would it be funny to say that? If you’re a scientific materialist, then you have that bias. If you’re a religionist, then you have a supernatural bias. But what is supernatural? Can you explain the interaction of atomic particles at a huge distance? No, you can’t. Quantum physics is supernatural, even Einstein said so. (“Spooky interactions” he called them, and he initially rejected them. You need to expand you understanding of our collective ignorance about the nature of matter and energy).

[@heavnxbound]

Hi! I just wanna say that the sound in your videos has been very low for a while. Gotta turn it up a lot to hear what’s being said. Other than that I love the content you post! :)

[@frogpaste]

Dr. McDowell, I love that you did this interview and I totally understand and respect an early date for the Exodus, as that's the one I grew up learning at home. However, I've recently been convinced by Dr. David Falk, a Christian Egyptologist, that there's more compelling evidence for a later date of the Exodus. Please consider bringing him onto your channel to get an additional perspective on the Exodus, I think it'd be great! His KZbin channel is Ancient Egypt and the Bible. Thanks for all you do! *edited to correct a typo

[@SeanMcDowell]

Thanks for the suggestion!

[@prestonscott1432]

Yes, please bring Dr. Falk on!

[@davidjanbaz7728]

I asked him last week to Bring Dr. David Faik on his channel: so he does know about Ancient Egypt and the Bible but keep suggesting that! As a Biola Alumni I hope he does !

[@anthonyf6417]

Also important is how this kind of evidence exposes the intransigent thinking behind a lot of scholars in the Exodus denying camp. Just on the basis of that alone I've always thought it was only a matter of time before the Exodus story would get at least some measure of vindication. Great interview.

[@KingAries85]

Still waiting

[@lizadowning4389]

There's no "denying" been done in the scholarly world about the exodus. Scientists will accept whenever the evidence is there ... but it's not there. Scholars will however "reject" baseless claims and "shady" interpretations of archeology to make a narrative "fit". If you would take the trouble of reading some earnest and unbiased scholars, historians and archeologists on the matter, you'll soon find out there's no "there there". For a "professor" at Biola and fellow of the Discovery Institute that simply won't do of course. They are out to "prove" the bible is accurate to the letter and will perform whatever "sceintific" acrobatics it requires.

[@damianbennett5329]

looking forward to him picking up his Nobel Prize soon...

[@fordprefect5304]

The problem with Exodus is not the lack of evidence it is the evidence. Apologists have moved the biblical date of the Exodus to 1265 BCE. Why? Hyksos (1550 BCE) Egypt drives Hyksos out of Canaan and vassalized the southern city states. Battle of Megiddo (1457 BCE) Egypt defeats the Mitanni and vassalized the rest of Canaan Armana Letters (1360-1330 BCE) Verification showing Egyptian Total Control of Canaan Battle of Kadesh (1274 BCE) Egypt and the Hittites battle to a draw, Egypt still controls Canaan These battles and letters show Egypt had total dominance and control over Canaan. So based on these facts apologists now want to place the Exodus at 1265 BCE. But there are issues with that date also. While some apologists would like to claim that Egypt abandoned Canaan and withdrew their forces back to Egypt there are two major problems. The Hittites were still on the border and were still skirmishing with the Egyptians. Now if the apologist's Exodus was happening and the Egyptian army was destroyed at the red/reed sea the Hittites would have surly noticed swept in and conquered Egypt, the bread basket of the middle east. Hatta was in a major drought and suffering from grain shortages. No, they made a peace treaty with Egypt and bought the grain 5 years later. Also Exodus [14:28] And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them. Implies the Pharaoh perished, but we know the Pharaoh at this time Ramesses II lived 90 years from 1279 - 1213 BCE. The Egyptians maintained a string of fortress cities from Byblos, Megiddo, Beth Shan,Jaffa to Gaza along with many small garrisons and administrative centers throughout Canaan. Second problem is the Egyptians occupied Gaza (one of the cities Joshua smote [10:41] until they turned it over to the Philistines after 1177BCE. The fortress city of Jaffa did not fall until 1126BCE.(Burke and Peilstöcker have found evidence of two catastrophic blazes, ten years apart, that destroyed Jaffa, the second one occurring in about 1126 B.C. That fire, Burke believes, marked the end of Egypt’s presence not just in Jaffa, but in all of Canaan) Referring to the hills of Canaan Dr William Dever: "We know today, from archeological investigation, that there were more than 300 early villages of the 13th and 12th century in the area. I call these "proto-Israelite" villages". *This has been verified by archeologists* i.e. Mazur, Na'aman, Finkelstein, Faust and Dever courtesy of "thetorah" Dr William Dever, an archaeologist normally associated with the more conservative end of Syro-Palestinian archaeology, has labeled the question of the historicity of Exodus “dead”. Israeli archaeologist Ze’ev Herzog provides his view on the historicity of the Exodus:[7] The Israelites never were in Egypt. They never came from abroad. This whole chain is broken. It is not a historical one. It is a later legendary reconstruction - made in the seventh century [BCE] - of a history that never happened. Verifying Dr Dever is the Merneptah Stele Merneptah stele 1207BCE The Egyptian army rolls through Canaan and the only Israelites they encounter are some people in the highlands that they scatter. No Israelite city states or cities. No great Israelite army to stop them. Just a people the Egyptians called Israel. Shishak (Sheshonq I) 926 BCE Again the Egyptian army rolls through Canaan spends between 10 & 30 years occupying and leaves. No great armies of the United Kingdom to stop them. Interesting is the bible mentions Shishak by name but doesn't know who the pharaoh of the Exodus is. The bible mentions other kings/pharaohs by name also, but again can't name the Pharaoh of the Exodus. *Egypt had total control over Canaan from 1450BCE until 1126BCE* There is no time frame for the Exodus unless you count the return of the Judahites from Babylon and Egypt after Cyrus the great defeated the Babylonians. Around 519 BCE

[@nextworld9176]

Israel/Palestine/Judea is a small place. For billions of religious people, it's the most important place on the planet. However, for 2000 years, no one has found anything that is real evidence for god. Nothing. If there were anything found, the Southern Baptist Convention would be driving it all over the South, charging $49 to look at it.

[@bosse641]

Interesting conversation. Enjoyed that. Thanks.

[@SeanMcDowell]

You bet John!

[@robertedwards909]

As a former soldier we had something called litter disapline you pack out what you pack in especially when an enemy was pursuing you also our trash isn't there trash cloth pottery would have been very valuable

[@collegepennsylvania837]

“Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.” ‭‭Ephesians‬ ‭4:31-32‬ ‭ESV‬‬ Follow the perfect example of Christ. Allow the Spirit to guide you and produce the fruits of the Spirit (love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control). And be reminded of how good God has been to you. Just as He has shown us endless love, grace, mercy, compassion, and forgiveness let us look to show those things to others. And never forget how much we have to be thankful for every day. It is in giving thanks to God that we remind ourselves of who He is and what He has done. Hopefully this helped and encouraged you today. God bless you!

[@vhawk1951kl]

Are you a blood Jew or a religious Jew?

[@vhawk1951kl]

What the fcuk has christ got to do with exodus which has*Fcuk/Nothing* to do with the way of christ the precise details of which are unknown and unknowable. Tacking the Jesussey onto the Torah with which it has nothing whatsoever to do, is like tacking the Bhagavad Gita onto Popular mechanics. Literalists are invariably as half-witted and infantile as they are bigoted and idolatrous.

[@gwentomlinson4205]

Thank you so much. Although I don’t need proof, I am happy God left enough evidence for those who love and fear Him

[@glockdookie5231]

Its not about fear. Stop with that

[@gwentomlinson4205]

@@glockdookie5231 reverence maybe a better word for you

[@vhawk1951kl]

There is just no curing you fcuk-the-commandments anthropomorphic idolaters of your idolatry is there? You cling on to your wretched totem fetish, image or idol like grim death, don’t you?

[@sombra6153]

I also watches “Patterns of Evidence.” Shifting the actual time line back 350-400 years causes purported evidence that has been discovered to align with the accounts of Exodus. It also shakes the established scholarship of Egyptology.

[@lampkin9287]

Wonderful Gentleman!

[@TheTrinityDelusion]

Very good

[@williambottorff2305]

I saw Dr. Kennedy's book behind him on his bookshelf and already ordered it. It was fascinating to hear about all of this. I think my favorite parts are the "Point A to Point B" thought process as well as the Yahweh inscritpion in the Soleb temple (someone please correct me on the name of that temple). Also, his use of negative evidence is especially interesting given how Dr. Kennedy mentioned the Egyptians likely wouldn't have recorded and publicized their military defeat like that. Thanks for the great video!

[@SeanMcDowell]

You bet. Glad you got it!

[@bartbannister394]

What's really interesting is how Christianity shows us how much like monkeys human beings can be. When monkeys choose a leader, they do it on faith. It makes them feel safe inside to be behind a protector who can save them. Humans have more imagination, god drowned the entire Egyptian army. And monkeys believe it!

[@irontaylor9992]

@@SeanMcDowell ok sean i dis agree with DR KEnnedy scripture dose not back up what he saus cause clearly in Exdodus it says theu built cities for pharoah pithom and rammses ok if the is right then it cant be amenhotep because that is going against scripture and it cant be updated p;ace names cause if that is what he is saying then how can u say the passage he is using is right and that they didnt change it

[@WalterRMattfeld]

(06 September 2023) A You Tube video exists showing Professor Israel Finkelstein presenting a lecture on the Exodus, it has him saying there is no evidence of a Late Bronze Age presence in the Sinai. He is wrong. At a site called Gebel Serabit el Khadim exists an Egyptian mining camp occupied in Late Bronze Age times, by both Egyptian miners and Asiatic miners from Canaan. The Hat-Hor shrine/temple has on its walls and pillars, cartouches bearing the names of Pharaohs who sponsored mining expeditions. Some are of Late Bronze Age times (circa 1550 BC to 1200 BC). For example: Pharaoh Ahmoses I, who expelled the Hyksos circa 1530 BC, Hatshepsut, Thuthmoses III, Amenhotep II; Iron Age times (1200-1130 BC): Ramesses II, Ramesses III, Ramesses VI ( 1130 BC). That is to say, this site has over 300 years of mining activity under the sponsorship of Pharaohs from Late Bronze Age and Iron Age times. However, Finkelstein is right about there being no evidence of Israel, in the thousands, anywhere in the Sinai and Negev, circa 1446 BC or 1260 BC. Some scholars understand Iron Age I (1200-1100 BC) witnesses a sudden population increase out of nowhere, on both sides of the Jordan River, suggesting Israel's settlement of Moab and Canaan. I agree with this proposal. But, for me, these settlers are not coming from Egypt, they are coming from Syria. They are the descendants of the Hyksos, reclaiming their Hyksos heritage upon the withdrawal of Egypt circa 1130 BC from Canaan. I am in agreement with Professor Donald B. Redford (an Egyptologist) that the real Exodus is the Hyksos Expulsion of circa 1530 BC. I understand two historical events, 1530 BC and 1200 BC, rooted in archaeological findings, and separated in time by 300 years, have been unwittingly conflated into one event, an Exodus of circa 1446 BC (1 Kings 6:1). There never was an Exodus as portrayed in the Bible! Why? One word: PHILISTINES! Most Egyptologists understand the Pelest, a subgroup of Sea Peoples, who settled in Canaan by 1175 BC and who attempted to conquer Egypt in the days of Pharaoh Ramesses III, are what's behind the Exodus account in the Bible, The issue? The Pelest/Philistines were not yet settled in Canaan to oppose Israel's entry into Canaan via the Way of the Philistines (ending at Gaza) for 1446 BC or 1260 BC. So, there was no need for God to provide a "detour" for Israel, to avoid war with the Philistines and flee back to Egypt! There was no need for Israel to go to the Red Sea, no need to go Mt. Sinai, no need for Ten Commandments, all of which are fiction. This explains why archaeologists have found no archaeological evidence of Israel in the Sinai and Negev for 1446 BC or 1260 BC. The Pentateuchal author simply was unaware of when the Pelest/Philistines were in Canaan (he having them in Canaan by 2000 BC in the days of Abraham). Kadesh-barnea is no earlier than the 10th century BC upon excavation (be that Ain Qudeirat or Ain Qadeis). For me, Mt. Sinai is a conflation of two places: The biblical Mt. Sinai is Ras Safsafah, Israel assembling on the Er-Raha plain below the summit of Ras Safsafah. No pottery debris was found here of either 1446 Bc or 1260 BC by archaeologists in the 1970s. In the 1990s however bulldozers uncovered a settlement dated to Neolithic times, circa 5000 BC on the Er-Raha plain. It is my contention that this settlement was misdated by the Iron Age Israelites at Tell Feiran (Paran) of the 8th century BC, to 1446 BC (1 Kings 6:1). One must remember, until Sir Flinders Petrie (by 1890 AD) came up with pottery typologies to date ancient sites by, no one really knew the age of any site in the Sinai and Negev. This includes the Iron Age I and II Israelites who crafted the Exodus account. They simply dated EVERTHING AS 1446 BC in the Sinai and Negev and all artifacts were physical proof for the Exodus! In reality the artifacts scattered all over of the Sinai and Negev dated from Stone Age Times (Neolithic, 5000 BC) to Late Iron Age II times (562 BC). That is to say artifacts from Neolithic, Early Bronze, Middle Bronze, Late Bronze, and Iron Age times were all misdated to 1446 BC by the Iron Age II Israelites (8th century BC Judaean pottery found by archaeologsts at Tel Feiran) For me, the Bible has Mt. Sinai at Ras Safsafeh, and Israel beholds God's descent from the Er-Raha plain, the physical proof for the Iron Age II Israelites being the 5000 BC Neolithic settlement on the Er-Raha plain. The unexpected TWIST in my research? The pre-biblical Mt. Sinai, WHICH IS BEHIND THE BIBLICAL ACCOUNT IS GEBEL SERABIT EL KHADIM! WHY? The worship of the Golden Calf and smashing of the Ten Commandments are at Serabit el Khadim. The Iron Age Israelites simply misunderstood the artifactual evidence, the shattered steliform stone tablets with Proto-Sinaitic inscriptions were explained away as God's and Moses' doing upon hearing Israel noisely singing and dancing before the Golden Calf. My research into Egyptian myths revealed Hat-Hor, the cow-goddess patroness of Miners, was honored annually by her devotees with naked, drunken, song and dance to thereby emulate her. In myths she is not the Golden Calf, she is the cow-sky-heavenly MOTHER of the Golden Calf. The Golden Calf, in myth, is a resurrected Pharaoh as the sun at sunrise. Tomb art has Pharaoh Pepi (Dynasty 6) saying "O Horus, do not leave me boatless, for I am a Golden Calf, born of heaven" Tomb art shows a small boat with an Egyptian man at its tiller, in front of him is a seated Horus in human form with a hawk's head, in front of Horus stands on four legs, a hornless male calf, with a polar star hovering over its back. My research is devoted to uncovering the pre-biblical events via archaeological findings, of the fictional Exodus account found in the Bible. For further details google "Academia Profile Walter R. Mattfeld."

[@debbyleiper8367]

Incredibly moving actually. If you consider the late Dr Heiser’s teachings, it all makes sense. Thank you.

[@JJFrance]

Great post. Thanks. Would like to hear Titus' discussion on the city of Ramses scenario.

[@jperez7893]

david rohl discussed a hieroglyph papyrus lamenting the 10 plagues that is now stored in the netherlands

[@Lambdamale.]

I'm going to have to revisit this issue.

[@geraldpolmateer3255]

The archaeological evidence lines up with 1446BC which is also what 1 Kings 6:1 declares. I have been able to locate most of the locations on Google Earth. In Tell El-Borg I and II is about the work that James Hoffmeier did. The excavation that Manfred Bietak reveals a time when people quickly died. Rosalie David showed the same thing. David Rohl has written some books and has written about the exodus. He uses the text to show what happened and where the locations are. He also worked with the movie maker who did the "Patterns of Evidence".

[@ronbyrd1616]

2 rather recent films "Patterns of Evidence" and "The Exodus Revealed" give tremendous proof, evidence, and findings on the Exodus .

[@Venaloid]

Any chance you'd be brave enough to interview Israel Finkelstein, who shows quite thoroughly that the Exodus is highly implausible in his book, "The Bible Unearthed"?

[@chiararomano1818]

The Israeli antiquities authority has already weighed in on this and has determined there’s no evidence for Moses, enslavement of hundreds of thousands of Jews, the exodus, Joshua’s conquest of Canaan….

[@InfoArtistJKatTheGoodInfoCafe]

Are you brave enough to face that Finkelstein's main thesis has been debunked.

[@humbleopulence]

Douglas Petrovich... Nuff said

[@hextoken]

Titus is doing some great work! :)

[@belisariobenites1091]

Sean and Titus, what version of the Bible do you prefer to use in your study? Thank you for the great job both of you do.

[@belle-v7q]

but if Pharaoh and his army were swallowed up in the Red Sea, then shouldn't there be evidence that something greatly impacted Egypt? I mean, what would that mean for Egypt?

[@MustAfaalik]

@HT.Also where are the physical evidence that would proof of settlement by tens of thousands of inhabitants as they wandered in the wilderness for 40 years.

[@Morewecanthink]

@@MustAfaalik - The footprints and the wholes made by their tents?

[@Morewecanthink]

@HT - The egyptian 'chronology' isn't reliable. Why should they now by any means have proclaimed their defeat by the living God while chastening HIS people?

[@MustAfaalik]

@@Morewecanthink Evidences that archaeologist look for ie artefacts, garbage, burial sites & more than you can think, fool.🙄🙄🙄😁😁

[@MustAfaalik]

@@Morewecanthink You have met all the criteria for a faith that does not require commonsense, only to follow blind, deaf & dumb. SAD indeed!!!

[@ericphillips8006]

Excellent content

[@michaelcollins9210]

I keep waiting for Dr. Kennedy to remove his glasses and turn into Superman…

[@Ishidee1]

Very interesting and informative interview! It would be interesting to know what Titus thinks about the finds in Saudi Arabia that support the idea that Mount Sinai is located there, along with the rocks that have carvings of bulls and cows that were worshipped in Egypt. Plus the fact that the region is very large and could support the vast amount of Israelites that wandered.

[@johnvirgilio5323]

The cumulative argument works well for Mt Sinai in Arabia, as Paul said it in Galatians 4:25. Josephus also put the Split Rock in Arabia, saying it was too large to move. It is enormous. Nearby are altars of uncut stones. Then there's the golden calf altar which has a red paint bull, dated in the proper time along with numerous etched Egyptian style bulls. Remarkably, it has a round area at the top where something has been ground down, like the golden calf. Nearby are two long animal shoots and a place at the end where Saudi archeologists found ash and animal parts. Moses Altar it seems. It's near an ancient stream which came from a spring near the top of the mountain. At the top is still the remnant of a beautiful blue sapphire, shiny floor. It's actually a mineral. There's a perfect Elijah's Cave, as well as the twelve springs of Elim from Exodus 15. There's so much more. See the documentaries, Finding the Mountain of Moses, and Patterns of Evidence. The blue mineral was discovered by Andrew Jones recently.

[@karenpeterson5780]

Love this! Thank you, sirs, for a super informative discussion.

[@midimusicforever]

Awesome stuff!

[@zoelle3593]

I always love this kinds of dialogues! love both of these guys!!

[@131dyana]

thank you for this information. God bless you for sharing this with us.

[@onlyme972]

The levant is a small area, None of the advanced civilisations noticed anything, even Jewish archaeologists say its a myth.

[@Rabbinicphilosophyforthewin]

“Even Jewish archeologists”-if you know anything about Jewish culture, you know many have such a personal grudge against the Torah and G_d, they’ll jump at any chance to diminish it.

[@JasonLevinson-b6g]

the urge to prove the torah false is a bias attempt to further discredit an ethnic group that has been hated for millenia.

[@blazeovich]

When did Clark Kent become a researcher?

[@adamodeo9320]

"propaganda?" how can a bunch of people write about themselves in such an unfavorable light - mainly complaining and disloyalty - and use it as propaganda????

[@vhawk1951kl]

it's allegory; only halfwits and the kinderlander Elsies take it to be anything other than allegory.

[@malcolmkirk3343]

Thanks for the interview. Looks like a great book!

[@mburrito57939]

Yes!! I happened to study the 10 Plagues account this morning!!! God is good! Early date for Exodus all the way. Let's give God the glory He so richly deserves. The Bible CAN be trusted. Edit: I thought the Sphinx story and Amenhotep II sounded familiar: I was reading about it in the SDA Bible commentary (vol 1) and it's exhilarating to hear more information about this time in history. Can we just stop and appreciate that God cared for the animals as well? When He gave the warning that hail was going to fall (to show that He had power over storms and weather vs the Egyptian gods), He urged people to shelter their animals and servants. God is amazing and considerate & worthy of all praise.

[@cindychristman8708]

How come he didn't care about all the animals that were drowned in the flood?

[@berenlevia8486]

@@cindychristman8708 I guess you didint read what animals God had Noah put on the ark .🤔

[@cindychristman8708]

@@berenlevia8486 Huh?? Are you insinuating that all the animals that were on the ark were all the animals on earth?

[@berenlevia8486]

@@cindychristman8708 i never said that . and its apparent you havent read the Noah account .

[@cindychristman8708]

@@berenlevia8486 Just what are you saying? Genesis 7:21 says "Every living thing that moved on land perished, birds, live stock, wild animals, all the creatures that swarm over the earth, and all mankind." NIV Your god drowned all the humans and animals that weren't on the ark. Why did God punish animals when it was was humankind he repented making? What did the animals do? And why didn't he care about them like he did in the Exodus story?

[@langeveldy]

Interesting presentation of a cumulative case for the historical reality of the exodus from Egypt.

[@sarahpfeuffer1396]

Thank you Sean and Dr. Kennedy! I am putting together videos like this in a playlist as gathered evidence for God ❤️😊. Thank you for addressing the "chariot wheels" at the bottom of the red sea.

[@donaldcordner1936]

"Mountain of Fire" is also a good video that the longer Patterns of Evidence series was eventually born from: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pHbHoZ6aoM9_nJI

[@sarahpfeuffer1396]

@@donaldcordner1936 thank you! I will check it out

[@devgirl7208]

If we believe the Steles, then what to make of the Merneptah Stele's statement of "Israel is laid waste-its seed is no more"? Also, "El" was a Canaanite god ... perhaps "Isra'El" had been adopted later on by "Hebrews"?

[@appaloosa42]

Mereneptah’s stele is more an incantation than a historic record. Remember… the ‘Canaanites’ were a mixed motley group and the human descended from ‘others’ that worshipped their own version of ‘God’, so the Almighty gave or took clarifying names to himself: YHWH ( I Am Who Am ( always present) El Shaddai , El Elyon etc.

[@maxmustermann1206]

I highly recommend the documentary Patterns of Evidence: The Exodus. I also recommend the other documentaries in the Patterns of Evidence series.

[@donaldcordner1936]

"Mountain of Fire" is also a good short version that Patterns of Evidence was eventually born from: kzbin.info/www/bejne/pHbHoZ6aoM9_nJI

[@stephengray1344]

I'd highly recommend the critiques of Patterns of Evidence found on the Ancient Egypt and the Bible channel - run by Egyptologist Dr David Falk. There are big problems with the case that is presented in the Patterns of Evidence series, and a much more robust case that can be made for the later Exodus date (for a good presentation of that case I recommend the Exodus Rediscovered documentaries over on the Inspiring Philosophy channel).

[@charliedontsurf334]

Dr. Falk really knows his stuff. I second that.

[@sigalsmadar4547]

@@stephengray1344 boo hiss. Tim's documentary puts the standard Egyptology theories to shame.

[@stephengray1344]

@@sigalsmadar4547 Patterns of Evidence doesn't even acknowledge most of the problems with the theory it presents - most importantly the fact that the way it changes the chronology contradicts dozens of synchronisms (pieces of evidence that two people lived at the same time). Yes, the case looks impressive if it's the only version of events you ever look into, but Proverbs 18:17 specifically warns us against coming to a conclusion having only heard one side of the argument.

[@Jasmine-qv9gq]

Titus look like Superman

[@bitsyindiga]

LOVE LISTENING TO YOUR VIDEOS ABOUT BIBLE HISTORY. VERY INTERESTING AND I BELIEVE IN THE BIBLE, WHETHER THERE IS PROOF OF SOMETHING OR NOT THAT IS IN IT. THE EVEIDENCE IS REALLY GETTING STRONGER ALL THE TIME, THAT THE BIBLE IS REAL HISTORY

[@bartbannister394]

What's really interesting is how Christianity shows us how much like monkeys human beings can be. When monkeys choose a leader, they do it on faith. It makes them feel safe inside to be behind a protector who can save them. Humans have more imagination, god drowned the entire Egyptian army. And monkeys believe it!

[@PeteV80]

I'm a Catholic with a degree in Egyptology. I haven't yet watched this, but the lack of evidence for the Exodus is troubling to me, such so much of my theology is based on it, and especially Moses. I'll watch with interest.

[@PeteV80]

The chronology of Amenhotep II, his father and son is interesting. Hadn't made that connection before and the Dream Stela does hint at a need for justification with Tuthmosis IV.

[@kimhewson201]

Check the work of David Rohl

[@TheCheapPhilosophy]

The problem is that Egyptians liked to brag a lot about their victories, and nowhere is recorded 4 centuries of enslavement for Hebrews. Nowhere in 400 years, dozens of pharaohs, thousands of tablets from that time. Worse still:: it was unearthed an Egyptian stronghold right in the heart of Judah at times of (biblical) judges,, meaning Egypt had a presence where the 40 years stranded slaves, ended the mythological journey. Worse still, evidence points to a progressive settlement from the north, not the south. No way the Exodus was something else than propaganda.

[@daveperk]

They weren’t slaves at first… they were wanderers, keepers of livestock, and would sell their workforce (indenture) to Egypt 8n exchange for food and water for their animals. I don’t th8nk they were enslaved until the last generation.

[@therayn0]

Oh man, how much I enjoyed this

[@kenwebster5053]

David Rohl has shown that the archaeological correlation between the bible & Egypt is wrong due to a mistake by Champollion. Rohl dates the exodus to right before the unopposed Hyksos invasion. This places Juda at Jericho at the correct time. The remains of palace of Joseph is found in Goshen containing the tombs of the patriarchs 2 identical units for his sons & a huge statue of himself. The evidence is extremely compelling. Ramses is not the pharaoh of the exodus but to the pharaoh who destroyed the temple of Solomon. It just so happens that the city or Ramses was built overlapping the ruins of the earlier Judaic settlement in Goshen & scripture amended to uses the current name.

[@leeshackelford7517]

Lol...more time juggling shit from religious idiots

[@Strutingeagle]

There are a lot of single family camp sites that have been discovered and studied much older than the Exodus time period.

[@6502Assembler]

Bummer for you. Bart Ehrman and Paulogia pretty much blow the wind right out of your sails. You don't get to make up history that supports your extraordinary claims. Follow the evidence, not the religion.

[@elihinze3161]

I really enjoyed their response to this video!

[@JasonLevinson-b6g]

evidence can be scrubbed..especially by those who are prejudice against a particular group of people.

[@georgesparks7833]

What happened to the interview with Dr. Falk??

[@dongee1664]

So the VAST MAJORITY of scholars say there was no exodus but you've found one that disagrees but fits your pre defined belief. So which version would be the most sensible and persuasive to believe?

[@eduardodias983]

Your Little Atheist No one says there was no exodus That's a lie,Tim Mahoney is an example of this, he made the documentary PATTERNS OF EVIDENCE Showed that archeology has already tasted the exodus

[@dongee1664]

@@eduardodias983 The one thing that people notice is when Theists reply they always insult, which of course, is all they can do in the total absence of evidence. They even get the insults wrong, I'm a medium sized athiest plus biblical scholars and archaeologists state that there is no evidence of the exodus.

[@Biblimando]

@@dongee1664 as grandes causas de não acharem evidências, se deve no tempo que estão procurando no governo de Ramsés. Quando olhamos para a 18° dinastia achamos várias evidências que corroboram para o Êxodo

[@dongee1664]

@@Biblimando sorry, don't speak this language..

[@str.77]

Scholarship is not a democracy.

[@donnaburden.dip.d.analysis2148]

Thank you for this great video. Xx

[@ichitoburrito1359]

If people haven't watched Exodus Decoded, they really should. It is done by James Cameron and the Naked Archeologist (Simcha Jacobovici). It explains that the reason scientists can't find evidence of the Exodus is because they are looking at the wrong time for it. It also explains and gives evidence of the timeline Jacobovici has put forth and how he arrived at his conclusions. Very intriguing and is most likely true.

[@ResearchingBibleMysteries]

This video has excellent information. A major problem in assigning Amenhotep II based on the high chronology is that subsequently Amenhotep II survived the Yam Suph/Red Sea event, which is contrary to Psalm 136:15 which states that the Pharaoh and his army were shook off in the Red Sea. What happened to the army happened to Pharaoh. Moving him earlier so that his last year is 1446 BC does not help since the might of Egypt continued with Thutmose IV, which is also contrary to Deuteronomy 11:4. The evidence matches if Thutmose IV was the exodus Pharaoh.

[@blusheep2]

Psalm 136 doesn't definitevely say that Pharaoh died. Just that his army was "thrown off." That is "escaped from." The actual passages in Exodus that speak of the event say that Pharaoh's chariots and horseman were the ones who pursued the Hebrews into the sea, not the foot soldiers. This makes sense of course because the chariots were used as a fast reaction force.

[@ResearchingBibleMysteries]

@@blusheep2 Psalm 136:15 God "shook off Pharaoh and his army into the Yam Suph." There is no separate judgment here. What happened to the army happened to Pharaoh. Further, Exodus 14:27-28 says: "As the Egyptians were retreating, Yhwh swept them into the sea ... Not one of them survived." Pharaoh was an Egyptian. Not one Egyptian survived. The language in Psalm 136:15 and Exodus 14:27-28 makes it clear that Pharaoh did not survive the Yam Suph event. Assigning Amenhotep II as Pharaoh of the exodus based on the high chronology results in a contradiction to these biblical texts.

[@blusheep2]

@@ResearchingBibleMysteries "Shook off" doesn't mean drowned. It doesn't mean it today and the Hebrew didn't mean that back then. Shook off just means that they were able to evade Pharaoh. They were able to end the pursuit of Pharaoh. If Pharaoh lost his primary means to chase, then Pharaoh isn't going to continue chasing him. The verse does not define "shook off" as meaning drowned. Its that simple. Exodus 14:27-28: You were dishonest here. You chose not to quote the relevant parts. "the Lord over threw the Egyptians in the midst of the sea." That is verse 27. Verse 28 is where you are dishonest. For the quote from this verse goes like this, "The waters returned and covered THE CHARIOTS AND THE HORSEMAN, Pharaoh's entire army THAT HAD GONE INTO THE SEA after them..." Not his entire army. The entirety of the army that went into the sea which was his chariots and horseman. "...not even one of them survived." Your analysis is dishonest. It says quite clearly that the chariots and horseman were who followed the Hebrews. It says it is these guys that were drowned and none of them survived. Its as clear as day. It never says Pharaoh was one of those who pursued the Hebrews into the sea.

[@ResearchingBibleMysteries]

@@blusheep2 EXODUS14.27b-28 “… Yhwh *shook off the Egyptians* in the middle of the sea. 28 The water returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh that was coming after the Israelites into the sea-not so much as one of them survived.” PSALM 136:15 “But *shook off Pharaoh AND his army in the Yam Suph* …” DEUTERONOMY 11:3-4 “what He did to the Egyptian army and horses and chariots when He made the waters of the Yam Suph engulf them as they pursued you, and how He *destroyed them completely, even to this day.*” 1. Pharaoh AND his army were shook off in the Yam Suph. At that time, NOT ONE Egyptian survived. 2. Egypt was destroyed after the exodus and to the time of the writing of Deuteronomy 11:4. Claiming the high chronology and Amenhotep II, Pharaoh survives the Yam Suph event (contra EXODUS 14:27-28 and PSALM 136:15), and after Amenhotep II Thutmose IV continues the might of Egypt (Contra DEUTERONOMY 11:4). The followers of Amenhotep II as exodus Pharaoh need to seriously reconsider the biblical evidence, which appears very much against the theory. There are better alternatives.

[@blusheep2]

@@ResearchingBibleMysteries But your refusing the Biblical context. Psalms is written a few hundred years later and is recounting a story in poetic form. A song. It recounts what is written in Exodus so if Exodus says that only the chariots and horseman pursued the Hebrews into the sea so the "army" of Psalm 136:15 can't mean all of Pharaoh and his armies but that army spoken of in Exodus. Deut. 11:4 just proves my point but you miss quoted the verse or you are using a version that I don't have access to. You added "and" in the phrase, "army and horses and chariots," changing the meaning. KJV "And what he did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots;" NKJV "what He did to the army of Egypt, to their horses and their chariots:" NASB "and what He did to Egypt’s army, to its horses and its chariots" NIV "what he did to the Egyptian army, to its horses and chariots." ESV "and what he did to the army of Egypt, to their horses and to their chariots" "to their horses and to their chariots" is a modifier to "the army." Its defining the army that was lost, nor does say anything about Pharaoh drowning with them. This is heremeneutics 101. What you are doing is eisogesis. You are wanting to read into the Bible something it doesn't say. I'm not sure why your being so obtuse. Why is it that you need to hold to this so obstinately? Its beyond reasonable.

[@robertpreisser3547]

1:30-2:00 Regarding the “Documentary hypothesis,” has anyone stopped to ask the basic question: If this was supposed to be propaganda, why do those books depict ISRAEL in such an incredibly unflattering light? They are constantly depicted as rebellious, idolatrous, and even guilty of committing heinous atrocities such as killing their babies just to make their own lives better. In fact, even as propaganda to justify conquering Canaan, this is the worst propaganda I have ever heard. After all, God does NOT say that the Israelites deserved the land. In fact, God says the Israelites were no better than those being cast out before them, and the ONLY reason they are being given the land was because the previous occupants had sinned so grievously and become so corrupt that God finally passed judgment on them. And then warned the Israelites not to do the same or they themselves would be cast out of the land, too. Propaganda always over-states the value, character, nobility, and sense of entitlement of one group of people at the expense of another. The Bible never actually does that. It consistently says exactly the opposite.

[@robertpreisser3547]

@Prey R Okay, that does help. Thank you! I would still suggest that the very recorded failures of those of that exact Priestly class would undermine the DH, as well. The greed and abuse of power of Eli’s sons is a prime example. The failure of Aaron to stand up to the people and his caving into their pressure to build a false idol is another. The Scriptures are equally harsh in their presentation of ALL the people, not just the non-Priestly class. And so I think my comment still has merit, but I appreciate your clarifying the specific argument those endorsing the DH are raising. Thank you!

[@robertpreisser3547]

@Prey R Okay, thank you again! Of course, you and I would probably be able to counter the snake “idol” as a valid example of internal strife. First of all, it was never an idol, and YHWH was always given credit for the healing, but more importantly that very same text states that over time that symbol became an idol in the land. That means it wasn’t an idol originally, and only became one later. I also don’t know of any actual contradiction in the Bible regarding who can be priests or high priests. The Levites were always the only tribe allowed to be priests. If you can point out where the purported conflict is, I would be interested, as I haven’t heard that before. It is always helpful to learn about contradiction claims, as often they are not true contradictions but have a reasonable explanation. Thank you for sharing what you have learned!

[@berenlevia8486]

the Bible doesn't sugar coat the behavior of mankind , no matter if is Hebrew , or Gentile

[@berenlevia8486]

God in the creator of all things seen and unseen and He can take away land from one people group and give it to another people group if He wants to God giving Abraham and his desendants the land of Canaan wans't based on their' behavior' , it had to do with Gods favor and His Divine choice and purpose .

[@robertpreisser3547]

@@berenlevia8486 *//God giving Abraham and his desendants [sic] the land of Canaan wans’t [sic] based on their “behavior,” it had to do with Gods favor and His Divine choice and purpose.//* Actually, while God CAN do whatever He pleases, and COULD HAVE taken land from an innocent people and given it to Israel, that would not be within God’s character as being Just. But we don’t need to speculate, because Scripture itself is crystal clear on this point: God EXPLICITLY says that it was directly because of the unrighteous and evil behavior of the Canaanites. First, this was prophesied hundreds of years earlier by God to Abraham: Genesis 15:12-16 \\As the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell on Abram. And behold, dreadful and great darkness fell upon him. Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your offspring will be sojourners in a land that is not theirs and will be servants there, and they will be afflicted for four hundred years. But I will bring judgment on the nation that they serve, and afterward they shall come out with great possessions. As for you, you shall go to your fathers in peace; you shall be buried in a good old age. And they shall come back here in the fourth generation, *for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete.”\\* This not only prophesies that the Israelites would be enslaved in Egypt for 400 years before returning, it gives the REASON for the 400 years: “the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete.” God was not going to kick out the Amorites before giving them ample opportunity (400 years of opportunity) to repent. Note how Just God is here: He even left His own people enslaved for 400 years rather than prematurely ousting a people without giving them every opportunity to repent of their own evil. ONLY after 400 years, and seeing that every generation was wholly corrupt and corrupting the next generation repeatedly did God finally execute judgment on those people. And this rationale for judging the people and expelling them from the Promised Land is repeated multiple times in Scripture, where God EXPRESSLY states God was NOT giving the Israelites the land because they had earned His favor. God says exactly the opposite: Deuteronomy 9:4-6 \\Do not say in your heart, after the LORD your God has thrust them out before you, ‘It is because of my righteousness that the LORD has brought me in to possess this land,’ whereas *it is because of the wickedness of these nations that the LORD is driving them out before you.* Not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart are you going in to possess their land, but *because of the wickedness of these nations the LORD your God is driving them out from before you,* and that he may confirm the word that the LORD swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob. Know, therefore, that the LORD your God is not giving you this good land to possess because of your righteousness, for you are a stubborn people.\\ And Israel is warned to NOT do the same evil, unrighteous things those previous inhabitants had done, or they would also be evicted from the land (which indeed happened during the exile to Babylon): Leviticus 18:21-28 \\You shall not give any of your children to offer them to Molech, and so profane the name of your God: I am the LORD. You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination. And you shall not lie with any animal and so make yourself unclean with it, neither shall any woman give herself to an animal to lie with it: it is perversion. Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these things, for *by all these the nations I am driving out before you have become unclean,* and the land became unclean, so that I punished its iniquity, and *the land vomited out its inhabitants.* But you shall keep my statutes and my rules and do none of these abominations, either the native or the stranger who sojourns among you (for the people of the land, who were before you, did all of these abominations, so that the land became unclean), *lest the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you.\\*

[@dallasdien]

Right on Dr Kennedy!

[@BIBLE-UNBUTCHERED]

It would have had to be a sizeable enough Israelite population, for Pharaoh to be concerned about their growth (in comparison to Egyptians)

[@jaybelle1909]

I'd like to hear their interpretation of the word being used for thousand in the bible because every time I hear them make thus argument they never explain it... Bible says they took a census of war capable men that was over 600k thus this would mean the exodus would have to been over 1mil ppl... also what would the birth rate be after 400 years from time of Israel?

[@Morewecanthink]

@@jaybelle1909 - from 'Die biblische Chronologie der Menschheitsgeschichte', Kurt Wolfgang Becker: Für die Dauer von 215 Jahren spricht 3.): Bei einer Wachstumsrate von 4,91 % (entspricht in etwa der heutigen Wachstumsrate in einzelnen Ländern Afrikas) wären nach 215 Jahren die 70 Menschen zu einem 2 Mio. Volk herangewachsen. Siehe dazu 2.Mose 12,37 bzw. 2.Mose 38,26. ... 2083 Anno Hominem Abraham zieht in Kanaan ein [1Mo 11,32-12,4 und Apg 7,4] 2036 BC Bestätigung der Aussage in Galater 3,17 (ab dem Einzug Abrahams in Kanaan, bis zum Auszug aus Ägypten, zählen die 430 Jahre unter Fremdherrschaft: 2036 - 1606 v. Chr.) Abraham ist zu dieser Zeit 75 Jahre alt. Gottes Bund mit Abraham tritt nun in Kraft. 430 Jahre später (1606 v.Chr.) erfolgt die Gesetzgebung am Sinai [Gal 3,17] 2093 Abraham (85 J.) heiratet Hagar [1Mo 16,3] 2026 Zwischen Abrahams 85. Lebensjahr (wo er im Unglauben eine Beziehung mit Hagar einging - siehe 1Mo 16,3), und seinem 99. Lebensjahr (1Mo 17,24) liegen 14 Jahre, in denen Gott nicht zu Abraham sprach. 2094 Ismael geboren [Hagar & Abraham] 2025 Abraham ist zu dieser Zeit 86 Jahre alt [1Mo 16,16] 2096 Arpaksad stirbt [1Mo 11,13] 2023 2107 Bund mit Abraham bestätigt und präzisiert 2012 Namensänderung, Beschneidung, Verheißung Isaaks [1Mo 17] (Abraham ist zu dieser Zeit 99 Jahre alt, Ismael ist 13 Jahre alt [1Mo 17,25] als beide beschnitten werden) 2108 Isaak geboren [1Mo 21,5] 2011 21. Generation Abraham ist zu dieser Zeit 100 Jahre alt; Sarah 90 Jahre ist alt 2113 Ismael mit Hagar vertrieben [1Mo 21,9-21] 2006 Mit der Vertreibung Ismaels wurde Isaak als "Same" und "Erbe" anerkannt. Von diesem Augenblick an zählen die 400 Jahre, in dem der "Same" Abrahams als Fremdling gilt. Das bedeutet, dass Isaak und seine Nachkommen in einem "fremden Land" zubringen und man seinen Samen "knechten und misshandeln wird" [vgl.1Mo 15,13 und Apg 7,6]. Die 400 Jahre zählen von 2006 - 1606 v.Chr., also ab dem Zeitpunkt, als Isaak als alleiniger Erbe ausgewiesen wurde, bis zu dem Jahr, in dem der Auszug aus Ägypten stattfand. Bestätigung der Aussage in 1Mo 15,13 und in Apg 7,6 (400 Jahre)

[@metaphysicsmike]

INCREDIBLE Interview. 🔥😍🔥

[@Alice-lq5nb]

I’m starting to read the book of exodus so I think this will help understand exodus more for me. So this is gonna help. 😄

[@SeanMcDowell]

Awesome, let us know what you think!

[@Alice-lq5nb]

It’s nice to know there was more historical evidence even though I believe by faith.

[@dennischanay7781]

What book are you reading? I'm looking for recommendations. Thanks!

[@nemgyuri]

@@dennischanay7781 I guess she meant the exodus in the bible

[@johnelliott5859]

@@Alice-lq5nb there is no evidence presented. They even said so. There is only speculation.

[@dovonovich]

Any comments from Dr. Kennedy concerning the recently discovered Curse Tablet? Would that not help the Exodus case?

[@FamilyHistoriandude]

It should at least help with researching the Hebrew language "family tree".

[@GizmoFromPizmo]

The vast majority of "scholars" once viewed the existence of the Hittites as mythical because they were mentioned in the Law. (Abraham bought the tomb for Sarah's body from a Hittite man.) The scholars are always wrong when they disagree with the bible. I don't know why anybody ever listens to them. Their track record is for crap.

[@philipcoriolis6614]

The vast majority of "scholars" once viewed the existence of the Hittites as mythical ? When ? 5 centuries ago ?

[@GizmoFromPizmo]

@@philipcoriolis6614 - How about the 1800s? When you catch the Democrats in one of their gazillion lies (it's their native language) they come back with, "That's all been debunked" Don't tell me that just because the smart people were wrong in the past that they can't be wrong today. That dog won't hunt, monsignor. When will Liberals EVER take the L?

[@GizmoFromPizmo]

@@Hellohellohello803 - What did the Apostle Paul call it, "Science, falsely so-called." Ever since the Garden, people have been trying to prove they're smarter than God.

[@InfoArtistJKatTheGoodInfoCafe]

@@philipcoriolis6614 No

[@davidjanbaz7728]

@@philipcoriolis6614 until they were found in the 19th century! Like 1820,'s

[@GTX1123]

The evidence for Israel's sojourn in Egypt and the Exodus in Egyptian records and steles is EXACTLY what we would expect to find according to the Biblical record. Think of it as "hiding in plain sight" in two ways; one is that Egyptian records are not going to be using Hebrew names / cultural nomenclature when describing Egyptian administrators who would fit Jospeh or his two sons Ephraim and Manasseh. So what you're looking for in terms of Joseph as Pharaoh's right hand man, is an Egyptian type of grand vizier / treasurer with an Egytpian name / title and other historical events in the right time frame that would fit the narratives in Genesis. One piece of evidence that points to Joseph's time as Grand Vizier of Egypt, is the shift of power from the Nomarchs back to the Pharaohs between the reigns of Senusret II (Pharaoh whose dreams Joseph interpreted) to Senusret III (Pharaoh who presided over the famine. Egytologists still cannot figure out how or why this massive shift of power happened but the account in Genesis 47 explains to us why; i.e. the famine had become so severe that when the Nomarchs ran out of money and land to pay Joseph for grain, they sold themselves as slaves to Pharaoh just to survive, thus losing all of their power over Pharaoh in the process. Dr. Doug Petrovich has done an incredible about of research into this and has determined that an Egyptian treasurer known as Sobekemhat is none other than Joseph himself. He also presents inscriptional evidence from Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai that has a direct bearing on the historicity Ephraim, Manasseh and Shechem. There is also FAR MORE evidence that the dig site at Avaris is the actual land of Goshen and not a Hyksos settlement.

[@paradisecityX0]

You shoulda brought David Falk on for this one

[@Skudoosch]

All right Kal El. Nobody’s falling for the disguise.

[@marymagnuson5191]

Moses would have spoken Egyptian . The hebrews were there for several centuries and would have spoken Egyptian . What language did god speak?

[@Trader_65-OT]

I have really enjoyed the Patterns of Evidence series

[@aliciabufano-engel3344]

Dr. Titus Kennedy looks like a TV actor who has been cast as a professor. Entirely too good looking to be a real professor, lol.

[@boansy1]

Good stuff, I really liked the term "Nomads of Yaway", that is very interesting, even in Celtic culture. May your days be driven and guided by the one true God.

[@kevykev2]

watching this feels like im gaslighting myself

[@jacobmetz3109]

For forty years their clothes and shoes did not wear out and they ate mannah and quail-thus, there should be no wonder that there should not be much evidence, if any.

[@marloniniparazzi5060]

The bible says that generation who came out of egypt perished in the desert execpt joshua and caleb... so there should be remains, but archeology found nothing on sinai