Shoulder Anatomy 101: Bones of the Shoulder - Clinical Skills - Dr Gill

Shoulder Joint Anatomy Basics - Clinical Anatomy Revision - Dr Gill
Anatomy was probably my biggest challenges in medical school, the reason being it is one long list of lumps bumps and insertion points.
Essentially anatomy in this fashion to me is little more than just rote learning. Thankfully clinical anatomy makes much more sense to me. Looking at how a joint moves, why it is shaped as it is, how the tendons have evolved to insert in their particular locations, and crucially have a joint becomes injured and how it develops pathology
After having good feedback on our previous anatomy video, I've tried to take on board the comments
There are two additional videos supplement this:
Shoulder examination demonstration video,
• Shoulder Clinical Exam...
Shoulder examination clinical deep dive explaining what it is it is being looked for each step of the examination
• Shoulder Exam - Orthop...
#DrGill #Shoulder #Anatomy
You can now consult via video or in person with Dr Gill at Dr Finlay’s Private Practice - www.drfinlays.co.uk/services/...
00:00 - The Shoulder's Complexity and Importance
01:00 - Day-to-Day Impact of Shoulder Mobility Loss
01:24 - Overview of Shoulder Bones
01:58 - The Joints of the Shoulder
02:52 - The Scapular Thoracic Joint
03:29 - Glenohumeral Joint: The Core of Shoulder Mobility
05:56 - Instability and Injuries of the Glenohumeral Joint
06:20 - The Scapula's Anatomy
07:01 - Scapula Fractures: Indicators of High Trauma
08:13 - Acromion's Role in Shoulder Movement
08:53 - Supraspinatus Muscle and Shoulder Movement
09:51 - Shoulder Dislocations Explained
11:45 - Myths of Shoulder Relocation in Media
12:15 - Axillary Nerve Damage Risks in Shoulder Dislocation
16:24 - The Unhappy Triad of Shoulder Injury
16:44 - Ligaments' Crucial Role in Shoulder Stability
18:02 - Glenoid Labrum's Function and Injury Risks
20:38 - The Clavicle's Role and Common Fractures
23:14 - Sternoclavicular and Acromioclavicular Joints' Functions
25:07 - Clavicle's Linkage Between Arm and Body
26:57 - Summary of Shoulder's Bone Interplay
28:47 - Scapulothoracic Joint's Function
30:30 - Conclusion and Recap

[@WhisperAudiosASMR]

You literally have one of the most relaxing, soothing and comforting voices I have ever heard (besides Sir. David Attenborough ofc!) ...and I feel quite qualified to make that statement

[@MrLIVdDREAM]

This is some of the best unintentional ASMR I've seen! Such a nice relaxing voice

[@trevorwright3260]

I love watching Dr. Gill’s videos for both the educational and relaxing aspects involved. However this video hit home, as I tore both of my labrum’s a year ago and I’m still having issues with some movements/positions.

[@DrJamesGill]

Gosh, I'm really sorry to hear that - how did that happen?

[@wolpumba4099]

*Summary* *Introduction and Overview* - 0:04: Introduction to the topic of the anatomy of the shoulder bones. - 0:10: Importance of the shoulder joint in terms of range of movement. - 0:40: Comparison with other joints like knee and its significance in day-to-day life. *Basic Anatomy of the Shoulder* - 1:24: Basic bones in the shoulder - clavicle, scapula, and humerus. - 1:51: Types of joints - sternoclavicular, acromiocavicular, and glenohumeral. - 2:33: Exception of scapular thoracic joint, not a true synovial joint. *Functional Aspects of Shoulder Joints* - 3:11: Interdependency between the three main joints. - 3:37: Glenohumeral joint as the most mobile and a ball and socket type. - 4:00: Range of movements possible at the glenohumeral joint. - 4:23: Filled with synovial fluid, held by a synovial capsule. *Comparative Anatomy and Design Trade-offs* - 4:35: Unlike knee and hip, shoulder is not a weight-bearing joint. - 5:13: Anatomical design not suitable for weight-bearing. - 5:56: Trade-off for mobility is reduced stability, leading to frequent injuries. *Injury and Trauma Considerations* - 6:20: Fractures of the scapula rare but indicate significant force or trauma. - 7:43: Scapula fracture termed a "distraction injury," hints at other possible injuries. - 8:13: Scapula has protuberances like the acromion, important for muscle attachments. - 9:25: Will discuss muscles in a future video. *Shoulder Dislocations* - 9:57: Commonest shoulder dislocation is anterior, occurs when arm is adducted and externally rotated. - 11:16: Reality of shoulder dislocations unlike movie portrayals, risky to self-relocate. - 11:11: Shoulder dislocations are not like they're portrayed in movies; self-relocation is risky. - 11:29: Attempting self-relocation can cause severe pain and risk of muscle damage. - 11:45: Medically, self-relocation is considered "daft" despite anecdotal counterexamples. *Neurological and Vascular Risks* - 12:16: Risk of damaging the axillary nerve during the relocation, not during dislocation. - 12:53: It's vital to check neurovascular status before attempting to relocate the shoulder. - 13:24: Damage to axillary nerve affects deltoid muscles, impairs arm movement. - 14:03: Axillary nerve also affects other muscles and has risks for further dislocations. *Ligament and Surgical Considerations* - 15:05: Ligaments in the shoulder are also at risk of stretching and tearing during dislocation. - 15:41: High chance of repeat dislocations, further increasing risk of nerve and ligament damage. - 16:08: Surgery might be considered for recurrent dislocations. - 16:25: Unhappy triad includes shoulder dislocation, rotator cuff tear, and axillary nerve injury. *Role of Clavicle and Scapula* - 17:00: Ligaments, particularly in the acromioclavicular joint, are vital for force transmission. - 18:04: Glenoid labrum deepens the glenoid fossa, increasing range of movement but susceptible to tears. - 19:26: Shoulder complexity allows for wide movement but also increases risk of damage. - 19:56: Glenoid labrum is a specialized tissue, formed partially of the short head of bicep tendon. - 20:38: Sterno-clavicular and acromioclavicular joints involve the clavicle, the most commonly fractured bone. *Specific Joints and their Function* - 21:18: Clavicle connects to the sternum and the acromion, important for shoulder structure. - 21:41: Discusses the sternoclavicular joint, a synovial-lined saddle joint with fibrocartilage lining. - 22:31: Sternoclavicular joint serves to coordinate upper limb movements with the body. - 23:14: Acromioclavicular joint at the opposite end is a plane-type synovial joint. *Conclusion and Future Topics* - 25:00: Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints are crucial ligaments holding the arm to the torso. - 26:14: Talks about clavicle fractures occurring commonly from falls on outstretched hands. - 27:35: Clavicle and scapula serve as facilitators for the glenohumeral joint's movements. - 28:54: Introduces the scapular thoracic joint, not a true anatomical joint. - 30:17: Concludes by emphasizing the shoulder's complex structure and range of motion. *Glossary* 1. *Clavicle:* Also known as the collarbone, it connects the sternum (breastbone) to the scapula (shoulder blade). The word "clavicle" comes from the Latin word "clavicula," which means "little key," possibly describing its shape or its pivotal role in shoulder movement. 2. *Scapula:* Commonly referred to as the shoulder blade, it's a flat, triangular bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) to the clavicle. The term "scapula" is derived from the Latin word of the same spelling, meaning "shoulder blade." 3. *Glenoid Labrum:* A fibrocartilaginous structure that deepens the glenoid fossa, the socket part of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. This helps to stabilize the joint. "Glenoid" is derived from the Greek word "glenoeides," meaning "socket-like," and "labrum" is Latin for "lip" or "edge." 4. *Synovial:* Refers to the type of joint that is most common in the body, characterized by the presence of a synovial membrane and synovial fluid for lubrication. The term "synovial" is derived from the Latin word "synovia," which means "joint oil." 5. *Sterno-clavicular:* Pertaining to the joint between the sternum and the clavicle. "Sterno" refers to the sternum, and when combined with "clavicular," it specifies the joint's location. 6. *Acromio-clavicular:* Relating to the joint between the acromion (the extension of the scapula that forms the high point of the shoulder) and the clavicle. "Acromion" comes from the Greek words "akra," meaning "highest," and "omos," meaning "shoulder." 7. *Glenohumeral:* Refers to the joint formed by the articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus. This is the main joint in the shoulder, often simply referred to as the shoulder joint. 8. *Axillary Nerve:* A nerve that runs through the axilla (armpit) and serves the deltoid muscles of the shoulder. "Axillary" is derived from the Latin word "axilla," meaning "armpit." 9. *Humerus:* The long bone in the upper arm or forelimb, running from the shoulder to the elbow. The term comes from the Latin word "humerus," meaning "upper arm, shoulder." 10. *Ligament:* A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that holds two bones or cartilages together. The word "ligament" comes from the Latin "ligamentum," meaning "a band." 11. *Fibrocartilage:* A type of cartilage that contains visible type I collagen fibers. It's found in places where rigidity and flexibility are needed, like in intervertebral discs. The term combines "fibro," meaning fibrous tissue, and "cartilage," derived from the Latin word "cartilago." 12. *Fossa:* A shallow depression or hollow. In this context, the glenoid fossa is the part of the scapula in which the humerus fits. The word "fossa" is directly from Latin, meaning "ditch" or "trench." Disclaimer: This summary was created using the GPT-4 model and serves as a condensed version of the original transcript. The transcript was divided into two segments. I used this prompt: "Summarize as a bullet list. Keep starting timestamp for each bullet point:". The bullet points were subsequently organized into sections with appropriate titles with this prompt: "Split the following bullet list into sections. Create section titles. Keep timestamps.". The glossary was created with "Create a glossary of clavicle, scapula, glenoid labum, synovial and similar uncommon words. if the words are latin translate their meaning." The format was manually adjusted with KZbin comment markup.

[@DrJamesGill]

thank you for this, it's really helpful!

[@gabrielesimionato1210]

Once I translated a medical book about the shoulder. I didn't know the topic but I was amazed by the complexity of this structure

[@VishnuPadmanabhan]

As someone who had a recent shoulder dislocation, this video has been really eye opening as to the seriousness of the condition. Thank you very much Dr. Gill. This video as like others, absolutely worth every minute of watch time!

[@DemonologyGaming]

By ythe the only way I. YCan can get the best best gy🎉in my. The only reason why I’m trying is t ggg g gf y k

[@KeeliaSilvis]

I want a new standard warning of "Looks cool when you see it, but medically daft" for all movie stunts, injuries, & recoveries.

[@DrJamesGill]

Sounds reasonable to me!

[@chuckoneill2023]

@@DrJamesGill I presume most movie/TV injuries are just daft to medical professionals.

[@amrouche17]

I would love to watch a video on the muscles of the shoulder and the articulations those muscles accomplish. Thank you for your work, Doctor. The shoulder is my favorite part of the body to study and your presentation did it justice (in my opinion) in addition to making it relevant to a general spectator like me.

[@DrJamesGill]

Thank you. The muscles are on the drawing board for the shoulder, but not sure when I’ll get to it

[@stevemiller.]

Your voice is very relaxing. Honestly the state it puts me in allows me to concentrate worlds better than other speakers

[@DrJamesGill]

Thank you. I sort of know what you mean, some lecturers I can’t listen to

[@Heyyoudoyouwantto]

This was an incredibly informative video for me. Over the past decade, I've suffered through 3 full dislocations (many more subluxations) and after 3 separate rounds of PT, I'm finally scheduled for surgery next month. I've only recently learned after my most recent MRIs that what I have is called a Perthes Lesion, but this video was helpful in providing me additional understanding of the mechanics of the shoulder, why I've been plagued with pain and chronic instability, and things to keep in mind as I recover and move forward with my life. Thank you for the instruction, Dr. Gill. Your work is truly appreciated.

[@MrJaggster]

Thank you so much for your hard work for making this video Dr. Gill, it's clear it took so much time and work and the result is absolutely amazing. it helps me so much with my job as an artist, this is gold!

[@starfishgurl1984]

Absolutely fascinating! I use my arms/shoulders everyday at work carrying heavy boxes of furniture, chemicals, housewares, etc. so it’s amazing to understand the mechanics behind them and how they function! I find that understanding my body’s movements helps me better work with them to try and prevent injuries at work as best as I can while unloading trucks and restocking the sales floor or using the ladders in the back room to to put away products that won’t fit out on the sales floor. Thanks! Would totally be interested in learning about the muscles as well, the body is amazing.

[@solomon835]

I love your videos sir, love to turn up the volume and brush up on anatomy

[@alejandrocastillo5771]

Thank you Dr. Gill, for all the hard work you put in these videos and to be able to explain it in way that the majority of us can comprehend. Currently in school for my masters in nursing. After my lectures and my studying I go and check to see if you have a video on the topic discuss. Your videos help me complete the whole picture of the topic. Cheers

[@oryon6502]

Thanks to the explanations about dislocating and relocating's risks, I now understand why my knees used to dislocate so often.. thank you so much !

[@AL-jo2vp]

Great vid, looking forward to the muscle vid as someone with a torn rotator cuff

[@wheelmanstan]

OMG, I was just thinking about the Lethal Weapon shoulder dislocation scenes and you mentioned them!

[@benyounce8390]

Here's hoping this is your most recent KZbin video as I want to say you have consumed my life (in a good way) I'm from the colonies (Kentucky U.S.) and have just discovered your remarkable bedside manner and wonderful stress relieving personality. Please keep up the good work and if your taking new patients I may start flying over for my annual physical as my company pays for that once a year. Our HR would need medical attention when getting the bill for that. 🙃

[@GaymerFerrikRowan]

Love learning more about the things they don't tell you are fully effected after having top surgery...

[@joshuablanchette878]

this is in my top 10 channels in the KZbin universe

[@markpedersen9506]

Poor Dr Gill is trying SO HARD to get us to take his dislocation warnings seriously, I have to wonder if there is a story there? Normally it doesn't take much to convince me not to dislocate my own shoulder 😂

[@Ok-qh7zf]

Excelente video

[@DrJamesGill]

thanks 😊

[@aaronjones198130]

Excellent informative video, looking forward to more in this series. Thank you.

[@DrJamesGill]

I think we’re going to look at the foot next 😊

[@ianmurphy9955]

Recent completed a course in medical terminology and also medical administration and clinical coding in the hope of joining the NHS admin sector, l just wanted to thank you Dr Gill your videos and information helped decide whether that was a path I'd choose

[@DrJamesGill]

I’m really glad these have helped I remember at med school, the hardest part was simply getting the terminology to lodge in my head!

[@ianmurphy9955]

@@DrJamesGill Although the exams were only online I got above the pass mark at 90% I was pretty happy

[@DrJamesGill]

Tremendous result

[@RamadasNambi]

EXCELLENT VIDEO!

[@DrJamesGill]

👍

[@joreyn7656]

This is interesting. My husband tore his labrum a few years back and required surgery to repair it. I never really understood how all that works within the shoulder.

[@oliverkey1435]

I have no idea what any of this means, I’m just here because it sounds nice

[@Cheezeblade]

Wow. Robb stark really knows his stuff.

[@richardclarke82008]

Wife had a grade 5 ac separation last September after being knocked off her bicycle. Awful injury. Interesting video.

[@aaronrattley8580]

I’ve got the same eyeglass frames

[@Moos398]

I have actually relocated my own shoulder after I dislocated it shutting the refrigerator door. I have EDS and the pain was insanely severe. I put my closed fist in-between my knees and stood up.

[@WhippyWhipGaming]

i have an injury from lifting weights in the back of my shoulder, felt a pop in my upper back and around the scapular now hurts when i do pushing motions with any weight, my doctor said it's rotator cuff and just give it time, i'm not convinced though

[@brand0n_0204]

Would it be normal if my shoulder cracks all the time? When I put it in a 45 degree angle and rotate it, i hear my whole shoulder cracking

[@shannonwolf5116]

Here from WhisperAudio ASMR ❤

[@brookehall9894]

I would love your input on my shoulder condition that I’ve had for 15 years with no help from gps/hospitals/specialists

[@DrJamesGill]

I’m sorry, the only advice I can provide is see your GP for further help. The GMC has guidance on providing specific patient advice online I’m afraid

[@hollydexter7644]

I have a request. Since you touched on shoulder anatomy, could you do a segment on pain associated with shoulder and arm pain due to nerves and neck related problems. I'm still at a loss as to why my arm hurts due to my c6-c7, my neck doesn't hurt, just my arm and shoulder, the right one. Thank you!!

[@antoinehunter3776]

Detroit in the building!!

[@aura6095]

When I was little, one of my cousin's used to show off that they could dislocate their shoulder at will and would let their arm just flop there, it used to freak me out every time they did it.

[@chuckoneill2023]

I really appreciate your deep medical knowledge, and your willingness to share it with us. It's also impressive the way you can describe horribly painful, disabling injuries in such a level, conversational tone of voice. I've learned a new appreciation for the term "clinical detachment". I honestly couldn't get through this video all in one go, too much sympathetic wincing. Good thing I didn't try to go into medicine.

[@vineetalhat9277]

@10:29 arm is ABducted, not ADducted

[@DrJamesGill]

Good catch. This is the thing I dislike about YT. It should be possible to put a text over the top if you have made a mistake

[@vineetalhat9277]

@@DrJamesGill you're still awesome Doc

[@pisquenta]

This video reminds me of gaten Matarazzo and the fact that he doesn't have clavicles lol (cleidocranial dysplasia)

[@user-qg4gz3ft5e]

Kasi mahirap lang po kami, hindi ko po kaya magpagamot,

[@thebigpicture4907]

P

[@JasonTheOneAndOnly]

Hey Dr Gill, I know you have a asmr following but could you make your videos a bit louder, cant hear you very well even with the volume up.

[@DrJamesGill]

Sorry about that - I don't quite know what the issues is. On my system, the volume is perfectly loud, HOWEVER about 5% of people seem to have an issue with the volume, and I honestly have no idea how to fix it, as it doesn't seem to be universal. I might have to try a different microphone

[@JasonTheOneAndOnly]

@@DrJamesGill if it's windows there's usually separate controls for different software that you've got running, also depending on the editing software you use, you could boost the voice over audio in there.

[@DrJamesGill]

I’m using a mac

[@firekind1980]

The subtitles work if that helps.

[@JasonTheOneAndOnly]

@@firekind1980 lol i forget youtube has subtitles.

[@josephnguyen4548]

What region are you from? Have you put in conscious effort to make your accent sounding like this ?

[@DrJamesGill]

Nope. It’s how I’ve always sounds. Is used to be bullied a lot at school because of my voice. absolutely hated it

[@RaewCZ]

Anybody up for dislocation party?

[@cholulahotsauce6166]

Yeah but imagine if you were a gibbon and could brachiate.

[@DrJamesGill]

I love the word brachiate!

[@_armie1323]

Geehee

[@user-qg4gz3ft5e]

GOOD morning, po sana matulong po ako sa aking anak na 10 year old, hirap po makalakad, humingi po ako ng tulong, Dr, James Gill, kasi po hindi ko po alam ang aking gagawin , hindi po ako maronong mag inglihs, kasi taga calbayog city po ako in Philippines, sana po matulongan po ako, maraming salamat po,

[@user-qg4gz3ft5e]

Sana po mabigyan mo po ako ng tulong kong paano, ang paggamot,

[@Countrybluez]

I know you love to teach but your cash cow is medical examinations

[@DrJamesGill]

That appears to be the case, but there are only so many examinations, and these hopefully help people too

[@Countrybluez]

@@DrJamesGill Yes I understand that, but plenty will watch any examination you do. Perhaps an examination where something is actually diagnosed or potential issues found with the patient. I watch them all just finished your recent upload that’s a hybrid, teaching/exam. 🤣

[@BlisaBLisa]

"dont try to fix the dislocated shoulder yourself go to a professional" watching this from America 🥲