Siege of Halicarnassus 334 BC - Alexander's Conquests DOCUMENTARY

[@KingsandGenerals]

Episode #1 in the series - Balkan Campaign: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iZ_HiJ-Pn56th68 Episode #2 in the series - Battle of Granicus 334 BC: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qWWTqoyJjNClsM0

[@dittmannrudolfrohr2149]

Is Kamikoto a Japanese Owned and Operated Company?

[@jolisan3920]

Are you guys ever going to do the Punic Wars?

[@NobleKorhedron]

@@jothegreek: Not in the Alexandrine Macedonian army, at least. The Hypaspists were more of an elite support unit, rather than the main battle line.

[@orhaneliyev1342]

When is great northern war episode coming?

[@adampilot8275]

Brilliant!!!

[@linkandzelda6003]

A seasoned army could be one of the greatest gifts a father could give to his kid

[@aliarshad3965]

Yep

[@claudiaxander]

All I got was $100 and the advice "Don't go into catering!" Then he left. Guess I won't be taking Persia any time soon :(.... ;)

[@muadibadder3345]

Yah, its a heck of a trust fund...

[@muadibadder3345]

@@claudiaxander 🤦‍♂️🤣

[@tym3858]

I mean that's pretty much and investment fund!

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

I could imagine Memnon telling the king of Persia, “ 2 men got into a contest of drink, broke our lines and almost lost the city early.”

[@elgoblino4578]

Ikr like, imagine having to tell ur king this news, yikes.

[@ahbabmuttaki1856]

I won't even be mad if Darius actually beheaded him for that. That's just bad command and bad discipline.

[@felizdesdichado]

@@ahbabmuttaki1856 The drunk soldiers were from the enemy not his. Memnon seems to have been one of the most capable leaders the Persians had, together with Ariobarzanes.

[@ahbabmuttaki1856]

@@felizdesdichado the thing is,it's a super bad management of yours if your heavily armored and more superior army starts to fall coz of 2 rowdy man starting it and still surviving after being out numbered. Even after that,he couldn't capitalise on his advantages. So idk how capable he was.

[@Talancir]

Before Titus Pullo and Lucius Verenus, there were two drunk Macedonians challenging each other to fight the Persians.

[@mattl5797]

Alexander: This siege is taking quite a while. The boys on the beers: We gotchu fam.

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

Give us all the wine and we will have the city tomorrow

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

pred 25 veka FILIP KRAL NA MAKEDONIJA se oz'enil so Olimpija. pred 25 veka EPIR ---- na istok od MAKEDONIJA .

[@johnbarriston8494]

We're getting closer and closer to the legendary battle of Gaugamela.

[@sayedhusson3876]

Issus and the siege of Tyre were also amazing, Issus equally so.

[@fredbarker9201]

Hope he covers an episode on Egypt too. Alexander enters Egypt Becomes Pharaoh Is told by the Ammon he is destined to rule the world Founds the city of Alexandria *Leaves and never comes back* 😂😂 man entered Egypt 1. Becomes Pharoah 2. Founds a capital that stands 2000 years later, 3. Is told he is divine and then never comes back. And next he fights Gaugamela of all battles. King of Macedonia Hegemon of the Hellenic League Lord of Asia Minor Pharoah of Egypt Shahanshah/ Emperor of Persia All by age 25.

[@johnbarriston8494]

I agree and the battle of Hydaspes was pretty nuts too.

[@Kanenas215]

@@sayedhusson3876 Tyrus was Great indeed

[@hoplite723]

I hope Kings and general cover all his battles and more about Alexander the great!

[@Mr_M_History]

A student asked if I watched Kings and Generals this week (Caesar vids). It was the greatest week of my career!!

[@dylanpires7321]

I wish when I was learning this stuff in school that videos like this existed cause not everyone can learn just by reading.

[@Jack_-et9zi]

@@dylanpires7321 I wish I learned this stuff at all. All of the history classes at my highschool focused more on from about the period of Christopher Columbus to the modern day. The closest thing to an ancient history class was a Classical Literature class which had a small bit of classical history but mostly focused on studying ancient greek plays.

[@kalebloshbough1551]

God bless teachers that care

[@elgoblino4578]

I wish I had a history teacher like u, I always loved history but the teacher I had was so boring in the way he brought that history it almost made me lose interest.

[@darthcarnage6734]

Sir.. you should be using these videos as a classroom tool!! I would have loved if my teacher would have done that… show them oversimplified too lol

[@balinthollos6933]

Memnon is a truly fascinating and underappreciated figure of military history. Managing to almost completely halt Alexander's conquest before it really took of is no small feat.

[@someonerandom130]

@Willy willson Darius deserve the L for that man didn't only kill his best general he even lost his army when he had numerical advantages

[@tylerdurden3722]

Memnon and his brother Mentor deserve episodes of their own. Their story started before Alexander was born. Memnon, together with Artabazus the Satrap of Phrygia, lived in exile in Macedonia, in the court of Phillip, for 4 years after the Great Satrap revolt failed. It is said that Alexander had lengthy conversations with Memnon during that time. Anyway, it is clear that Memnon had a proper understanding of Macedonia's strengths and weaknesses...which he probably attained while living with Phillip. This was almost certainly also how Phillip and Alexander got intelligence on the Persian Empire. (The failure of the great Satrap revolt that was led by Cyrus the Younger, resulted in Xenophon and his 10 000 having to navigate their way through hostile Persian territory...Xenophone learned a lot, and had a habit of writing everything down. Which gave the Greeks even more intelligence on Persia.) After capturing Bessos, Alexander appointed Artabazus the Satrap of Bactria. Meaning that he and Alexander also knew each other quite well.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

My day is complete and my satisfaction is immeasurable.

[@juliusevola2801]

Quiet napoleon.

[@markcoroneos7811]

Spain 😜

[@simeonlivshiz9506]

i see what you did there

[@In_Our_Timeline]

i agree

[@Leynx-Et-Fenrir]

Napoléon, tu es un vrai fan de ces grands généraux.

[@admiralmanta]

I recently finished a marvelous book called "Philip and Alexander: Kings and Conquerors" by Adrian Goldsworthy. It recounts the importance of Philip's rule and campaigns to Alexander's even more successful campaigns that made him the legend he is remembered as two thousand years after his death. It is basically a biography of both of their lives in a novel format so it's really easy to read and I highly recommend it. Made me become totally fascinated with Alexander's life and is one of the best books I've ever read tbh.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@kalts3o622]

@@Universal.. hahahahaha do you even know who Demosthenes is? He may be, the most anti- macedonian person the world has ever seen. If you watched the first video of this playlist, you will see him spread MUCH MUCH P R O P A G A N D A to fellow Greeks.

[@bryongalindo]

Thank you for the book recommendation!! Just bought it

[@Foralltosee1623]

Fear the old man in a profession where men die young. Those old men proved that

[@elgoblino4578]

That's deep, it's almost like they must be old for a reason Huh xd.

[@charlescook5542]

It also cuts the other way, when old men insist on fighting war with no change it invites disaster.

[@NPGAadam]

Even years after Alexander was dead, the silver shields still changed the course of battles when they served under Alexander's old secretary who nearly won the campaign. They were in their 60s

[@JerodimusPrime]

@@NPGAadam They would have won if they didn't betray Eumenes for Antipater. Instead, they won the war for the man they were sworn to fight against. Anyhow, they got a traitor's reward when Antipater had them all killed. He knew if they could betray someone as loyal and virtuous as Eumenes, they'll definitely betray him.

[@omarbradley6807]

@@JerodimusPrime Antipater was dead, you maybe would mean Antigonus, but when he send them to Arachosia, they were desperate needed to help Antigonus's generals at Babylon, when Seleucus invade, and they deserted Antigonus and joined Seleucus, who restored them and have them fighting against Antigonus, during the Babylonian war.

[@gauravrao6529]

How come it's always the great conquerors and their luck. Alexander and Caesar, ohh and also being saved by Veterans

[@jlvfr]

Fortune favours the bold. And those who know to keep proper reserves for an emergency...

[@juliusevola2801]

@@jlvfr They're both cringe.

[@kingmenelaus7083]

@@juliusevola2801 spot the lurching homunculus

[@Cz-zi3my]

@@juliusevola2801 Someones still coping 😂

[@markcoroneos7811]

@@juliusevola2801 cry about it 😂

[@JawsOfHistory]

Poor Memnon of Rhodes. Few people in history have been as dead right in their assessment of a situation and been ignored to such disastrous results.

[@resentfuldragon]

More were like that than you would have thought. Hannibal is another example of someone who failed mainly due to his own government. If the carthaginian government listened to him its very likely he would have defeated rome, but he was not given the resources he needed and was ignored many times.

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@@resentfuldragonliterally all the generals in the White Army west of the Volga.

[@mikemodugno5879]

I've always been fascinated by the sheer magnitude of the campaigns of Alexander the Great. This series is a welcome definitive coverage of the subject. Keep up the great work.

[@timurmetesoy8141]

Greetings from Halicarnassus. My hometown ☺️

[@DP-rb7mf]

Beautiful Ionia, starting point for so many Greeks or as they call them in Arabic, Yunan=Ionian.

[@cortobrown7919]

I never thought that someone actually manage to corner Alexander. He was brilliant in using the hyspasists at the right time

[@Braila2000]

Memnon was a very capable commander

[@someonerandom130]

@@-VOR memnon would be a hero if only they listened to memmon scorched earth policy achaemenid would never been conquered

[@MarcelPirosca]

@@-VOR correct.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@midweekcentaur1050]

Everytime you guys use Total War Rome 2 gameplay it makes me so happy. You guys really know your audience, the units are also always lined up so similar to how at least i line my own up.

[@vincentvassallo5727]

I've been a subscriber of Kings for years now and the growth in the ability to write, animate, and structure these episodes is nothing short of incredible. I cannot watch an episode without seeing how far you guys have come and it makes me so proud to be a viewer. Keep up this wonderful work!

[@m.meiburger1970]

What do you learned from this ? Always trust in your veterans , even when your legendary total war campaign looks like to be lost .

[@CaesarSonOfMars]

That part with the drunk soldiers sounds like something Vorenus and Pullo would do from HBO's Rome.

[@marcbartuschka6372]

The real Vorenus and Pullo did indeed a very similar thing, what is the reason we know their names from Ceasars Gallic War. HBO took this small episode and made the two soldiers into chars of Rome.

[@CaesarSonOfMars]

@@marcbartuschka6372 I read about that apparently they were both centurions who often tried to one up the other, but whenever the one was in danger they would risk their own lives to save them whether they were real people or just fictional characters made by Caesar is still up for debate, but personally I wish they were real.

[@marcbartuschka6372]

@@CaesarSonOfMars Well, I think (but this is just a guess) they were real. I mean Ceasar did write his reports for a reason - he wanted to impress, but he wrote not for a audience which was just praising every word he said and did not care if he lied or not. So while he surely enlarged stories and left in other cases embarassing details out, I di not think that he would want to anger his soldiers by just giving praise to fictional officers. He may made the story (as others) a little bit better than it was in reality, but I think there is a very real core.

[@DestroyerOfSense000]

@@marcbartuschka6372 I agree. It would have been easy to prove that he was lying, and he had a number of enemies who would be more than happy to call him out on it if he did.

[@michaelsinger4638]

These sieges are some of Alexander’s most underrated victories. And showed once again that he could change tactics to fit different situations.

[@chezburger1781]

ye everyone focuses on big battles like issus and gaugmela.

[@alejandrop.s.3942]

I've been playing for 4 hours to Rome II and I've watched this video before sleeping. I live more in the 3rd century BC than in reality.

[@HistoryOfRevolutions]

"A man who works evil against another works it really against himself, and bad advice is worst for the one who devised it" - Hēsíodos

[@In_Our_Timeline]

hi

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

before 25 centuries PHILIP KING, ALEXANDER TSAR. VERY NICE ! !

[@emamag6455]

Your choice of following Alexander campaign step by step instead of the usual jumping from a major event to the next one is a great idea.

[@Phaedon53]

Alexander had a simple purpose for his campaign: "But he said, ‘If I were not Alexandros, I should be Diogenes’; that is to say: `If it were not my purpose to combine barbarian things with things HELLENIC, to traverse and civilize every continent, to search out the uttermost parts of land and sea, TO PUSH THE BOUNDS OF MACEDONIA TO THE FARTHEST OCEAN, AND TO DISSEMINATE AND SHOWER THE BLESSINGS OF HELLENIC JUSTICE and peace over every nation, I should not be content to sit quietly in the luxury of idle power, but I should emulate the frugality of Diogenes. But as things are, forgive me Diogenes, that I imitate Herakles, and emulate Perseus, and follow in the footsteps of Dionysos, the divine author and progenitor of my family, and DESIRE THAT VICTORIOUS HELLENES SHOULD DANCE AGAIN in India […]” [Plutarch’s Moralia, On the Fortune of Alexander, 332A (Loeb, F.C Babbitt)]

[@jessejojojohnson]

@Jinx Vanderz says the 21st century underachiever. SMH

[@Phaedon53]

@@jessejojojohnson Ha ha , touche!

[@nikospapadopoulos1041]

@Jinx Vanderz You need some serious education. It (his actual "Empire" of Greek culture and Greek language) lasted a full millennium after his death in the Levant and Egypt under his direct Greek successors first and then Rome (till mid 7th c. AD and Arab conquest that replaced Greek as lingua franca and Christianity with Islam in the area, although Antioch and northern Syria was recovered by ERE in 10th c AD for one more century, watch K&G latest videos on Byzantine reconquista) and a total 13-15 centuries more in Asia Minor (started crumbling from Mantzikert and on in 1071 with arrival of Turks and gradual Turkification of the area) . "Only" 3 centuries lasted his direct successors' kingdoms of Seleucid Syria and Ptolemaic Egypt, while around equally so, lasted the Hellenistic kingdoms of Bactria and India in the far east. Rome took over east med and nothing changed for the Hellenistic (Hellas=Greece, in Greek language) culture sphere in east med. Greek speaking Antioch (founded by Alexander's General Seleucos/Selefkos) in Syria and Alexandria (founded by Alex himself) in Egypt were the 2 largest metropolitan centers of the Empire after Rome at its peak and seats of 2 of the 5 major first ancient Christian Patriarchic seats of Christianity (next to Jerusalem, Rome and Constantinople forming the old Pentarchy, rule of 5), actually Christianity got its Greek derived name (you knew nothing of that right? Christos, the anointed one, is translation of Messiah to Greek) first under St. Paul missions in city of Antioch in 1st c. AD. Actually Rome embraced Greek east med and culture, protected it and spread it to west med and Gaul to the degree possible (only with Latin as linguistic vehicle there not Greek as it was in East unchanged). Rome's imperial rule of Hellenistic East med and the continuing 1000 year East Roman Empire from Constantinople can legitimately trace Alexander as their grandad (considering the Roman Republic/Caesar/Augustus as their true "parents"), and all Roman great Emperors and generals (Caesar, Augustus, Trajan and all) viewed Alexander as sort of a demi God and their role model. They (Romans of all kinds through time) were just left with the bitterness of never again achieving total conquest of East i.e. over the Parthian/Sassanid/(and for East Rome) Arab Chalifates as Alexander accomplished .....

[@Phaedon53]

@@nikospapadopoulos1041 In addition to all the correct things that you wrote , we should point out the fact that the Romans after conquering the whole Greek/Hellenistic world , not only didn't they stop the massive Hellenization of the eastern areas , but they even promoted it , leading the Greek language and culture to become stabilized as the pillars of the civilization from Magna Grecia to Egypt , Syria , Minor Asia , the Haemous peninsula , the Black sea and even further. As a result , the ERE started as a multinational Roman empire and since the 10th centure onwards became the empire of the Greeks. Well said my friend.

[@christopherhorn1161]

That's beautiful

[@kappafieldx]

YESSSS! Loving your take on Alexander's campaign! Lots of details and the production quality is the best yet!

[@paulstephensia1412]

I never get tired seeing Kings and Generals historical videos especially about historical titans like Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, and Genghis Khan just to name a few of their greatest master pieces.

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

They should start the Charlemagne videos or remake the Justinian ones.

[@davidhughes8357]

I bless the day that I started watching Kings and Generals. After nearly thirty years of studying Latin and Greek military history it was a godsend. Thank you so much.

[@sushidope1701]

You should make videos on Russia’s conquest of Central Asia and Siberian people’s. Apparently a lot of the Siberian tribes actually resisted the Russians for quite a while.

[@sushidope1701]

@پیاده نظام خان true but I also recently learned that some resisted for centuries.

[@Samsok013]

Please do!

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@پیاده نظام خان the Kazakhs and baikals fought very hard

[@theoutlook55]

I'd be intrigued to learn about that.

[@ryanwa2001]

I love that you guys are redoing your old videos in a more indept and detailed format. Loving it so far!

[@travdaddy11]

This happened in what is now the city of Bodrum, Turkey! I went there a few years ago to see the ruins of the ancient city and get a nice couple days on the beach. Mission accomplished. Love this video and series a bunch! Keep up the great work!

[@vincentblackshadow1581]

Parts of the ancient walls remain such as the ruins of some of the gateways unlike the mausoleum which is almost completely gone having been looted for building material. There are stones in the knights castle that you can tell came from the mausoleum.

[@schafer7403]

This really is one of my favourite channels. I love the historical/educational aspect it brings.

[@collintrytsman3353]

great stuff looks to be a detailed study of the whole campaign with plenty of named individuals and events covered, look forward to next one

[@TheSonOfJohn117]

Amazing coverage of these events as usual. Thank you for the information and entertainment.

[@merdus69]

Absolutely love your channel. You bring it all to life so well. Keep up the wonderful work!

[@clairemendoza5402]

Success is not final; failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts."

[@monicamaria6101]

I owe my success to having listened respectfuly to the very best advice, and then going away and doing the exact opposite.

[@brendacarla4657]

How do we get paid?

[@jennydave9666]

Is it through online investment platform?

[@patricksmith3896]

Yes through online investment platform

[@ahmedjoe4528]

i get paid directly to my bank account

[@simonhinchliffe8518]

Love all the content you do it's fantastic. I have a fascination with Alexander TG since a early age and tried as hard as possible to learn everything I can. Thankyou so much for the video was fascinating 😊

[@miguelletain8822]

Love the soundtrack during the last portion of the siege of Halicarnassus! I think it would be really epic to have it playing during the Issus or Gaugamela battle reconstructions!

[@thesilentguardian3243]

I’ve been waiting patiently for the next installment of the Alexander the Great’s campaign.

[@Elor_Lando]

Very nice!!!! I've been waiting for a while for this documentary about Alexander's sieges!!! Thanks!!

[@alimirzaee4689]

I really like how epic the latinized/Helenized version of Persian names sound like Ardashir I of the achaemenid dynasty turns to Artaxerxes, it just really sounds cool

[@seyedhasanzolanvar]

Wow, such an epic battle!!! Thank you Kings and Generals

[@youvebeengreeked]

*Ah, yes: that siege that Brian Blessed narrated for me in "ROME: Total War - Alexander".* *Good times.* :)

[@interestinglife934]

You have been blessed

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

YES. KING PHILIP II --- father on ALEXANDER ! ! !

[@shaneoconnell9279]

Great video, one of my favourites during Classical studies, all comes flooding back.

[@fikiremynameisjef6014]

you guys know its really not easy making animations especially long 30 min vids that's takes a lot of work (so pls be grateful)

[@Nyte-Owl]

A lot of luck involved for Alexander. Great video. K&G always coming with the good stuff.

[@innosanto]

it is not luck. if then he would have failed a thousand times. firsr of all phalamx had weak points and he would aleays fomd way to cover. overall like in cards, the master player minimizes damage of bad csrds and mazomizes rhe one of good cards. still damage from bad cards, fornalwxander as well, but he wpild minimise, and then on thr good round maximize. this. makes it seem luck.

[@Phaedon53]

Plutarch answered your dillema 2000 years ago.

[@gothicgolem2947]

@@innosanto Theres luck in all of life but it wasn’t just luck it was that his bold approach and tactical skill that won him lots of battles

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

ALEXANDER with his ARMY FALANGA were in PERSIJA, INDIA and EGYPT ! !

[@balkanmutlu2335]

Our dog's name is Ada, named after Ada of Caria. Happy to see this episode of K&G 🐶🐾

[@Kanenas215]

A really interesting siege i had heard about it but never actually researched it

[@carlosnevarez4003]

My wife is a chef and you just gave me an excellent gift to buy!

[@Uvatha.]

Very nice documentary ! I made a machinima few months ago about this siege, it makes strange to see it again hahaha Well done , keep it up , Alexander's story is just so intresting !

[@Numba003]

I'm very much enjoying this series! I know surprisingly little about Alexander despite his significance, so I am very thankful to get to learn more. Stay well out there everybody, and God bless you, friends! :)

[@Coquinhaification]

Holy shit, this battle can match Malta, Agincourt and Thermopylae in terms of sheer epicness. Promissed positions, night raids, honourable truces and amazing tactics. Thank you for the video, this was incredible!!

[@jordanadams7856]

Those two soldiers are officially legends.

[@gordon0034]

Ah yes, the good old time from Rome Total War Alexander historical battle

[@sayedhusson3876]

How do they do the Total War scenes?

[@albertberto5276]

Awesome, I love history. I've read all of these books, books on Alexander, Hannibal, Caesar, Napoleon, Peter the great, Barbarossa.

[@kevns2148]

"Mining operations gradually undermined their defenses" I find that sentence strangely satisfying👍

[@DeMoNiikSlaYer]

Those seasoned veterans reserves really saved Alexander in the siege this has to be so epic seeing the elders cut down the enemy giving new light and inspiration to the phalanx lines

[@HFFCANADA]

Was looking for this comment, I was surprised as well. Imagine being in the ranks and the grizzled veterans roll through just fuxking shit up. Probably was a sight to see

[@NEXUSIX-T9]

Excellent work, K&G.

[@oskareriksson2202]

I ever sympathized with memnon and the Greek mercenaries, as with the italic Marian refugees in Africa and Spain in the 1st century bc. The mercenaries suggested to Darius to do a scortched land strategy, without battle the Macedonians, but only burning the fields all around them and withdraw, only disturbing them with night hit and run attacks (the Persians had the troops to do that) to not let them sleep, and to poison every water source on their way, to let them isolated and starved in Anatolia and force them to retreat, like when they repelled the first invasion of western Anatolia by Philip, commanded by parmenion (parmenion didn't advance to occupy the ionian cities also for that,) , but the Persian satraps and Darius didn't wanted to do that, first because they didn't thrust completely the Greek mercenaries and second because their philosophy was to protect the land not to burn it, so they preferred to attack Alexander frontally on the granicus diyng each one in the battle, the ionian satraps i mean. Later Darius charge memnon with the Supreme command in the west but it was late by now, and he died few time later maybe poisoned, but maybe with memnon suggests from beginning and a scortched land strategy they could keep Alexander in western Anatolia forcing him to withdraw.

[@soumyadeepchatterjee1262]

I had the same feeling

[@suchoklatesatenczyk8473]

There's this great historical fiction novel about Memnon of Rodos by Scott Oden, named, well, "Memnon". I highly recommend it, it's a great read.

[@oskareriksson2202]

@@suchoklatesatenczyk8473 yes I read it. Probably guys is the Persian empire did force Alexander to withdraw it was a turning point for history, with a probable invasion of Macedonia and Greece (memnon and the mercenaries was yet paying some Greek city to organize a revolt against Macedonia to hit them in the back and cut their supply lines leaving Alexander isolated in Asia) with a Persian empire powerful well into the 3rd century bc. Probably our history was very diverse, maybe is better than it falled, who know, but I m sure the Greek mercenaries who knew the Macedonian war machine having fought against them yet often in Greece could defeat Alexander with the scortched land probably. But history is not maked of what if 🙂

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

M A K E D O N I J A 25 CENTURIES ! ! Greece 190 years.

[@Talancir]

The Gordian Knot story is always a good one. Such an alpha move.

[@ozai00]

i live for these videos. everythng about them is so well done. its my nightly routine to check your channel for new vids :)

[@alexandre2able]

20:12 remember me Napoleon's battles , even with 2000 years of difference, a Old Guard works the same way.

[@Master_Ki_Adi_Mundi]

haha ENGAGER LA GARDE!

[@Tyler_3]

Alexander series and Pacific war series going at the same time. This is amazing

[@valtermagno2056]

Valeu!

[@OptimusPater87]

Glad you guys are covering Alexander's conquests, especially sieges!

[@pedrorombi3074]

Oracle: This is the Gordian Knot whoever undoes it shall rule all of Asia Alexander : I’m about to do what’s called a pro gamer move

[@ilkersahin2657]

Grear video. It’s hard to wait for the next one.

[@emanfatima5069]

I am really enjoying the intros you have in your videos to your sponsored ads.👍

[@gingerbill128]

the little graphic and sound effects i enjoy

[@JC-mx9su]

Kings and Generals I can't wait for the next video on Alexander's Conquest #4

[@pumbaonandromeda]

He's so talented, he should try conquering the whole Persia 🤔

[@florinz8847]

😂😂

[@soumyadeepchatterjee1262]

What about conquering Babylon.. Uh na. He can't do that

[@sumandwivedi1783]

@@soumyadeepchatterjee1262 he conquered afghanistan

[@sumandwivedi1783]

Bang Ocong he conquers all the way to Pakistan that's why he is known as alexander the great

[@pumbaonandromeda]

@@sumandwivedi1783 No shit, Sherlock! 😲 😂😂😂

[@bumbaclot813]

I really wish my father was still alive too experience KZbin channels like this. History channel was always cool but he would of loved these kinds of channels. Probably would of talked for hours about them.

[@sonnymelone158]

Good stuff...thanks Beaverton Oregon is checking in

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you ,K&G .

[@robertt998]

At 10:55 in the video there is a minor error in the English subtitles, but other than that, great video!

[@jankruger7551]

Love this series so much hope u have fun with it

[@mitchellshaw7739]

The concept of the old guard turning the tide of the battle is amazing my god

[@darkglobe406]

that is what the veterans and elite units are there for . you don´t send your elite units in vanguard . when i played macedonian campaign in europa barbarorum ( best mod for the original Rome total war ) and i was far east i also had just one or two units of hypaspists (consisting of maybe 50 men , normal unit size was like 80 or 120 i dont remember exactly , but this was a smaller elite unit) these units were impossible to replenish due to great area of recruitment system of this mod ( makes perfect sense that you can´t recruit your elite citizen units out of thin air in some newly conquered east settlements ) so i valued these units greatly . my core infantry was pezhetairoi plalangites 6-8 units , supported by 2 agrianian assault infantry , 2-3 cretan archers , 2-3 thessalian cavalry , and of course 1-2 hetairoi cavalry , last spot or 2 in the army was reserved for hypaspist - i only send them to battle when it was crucial , when the battle was very close or when vastly outnumbered , and they would always deliver , charging in they turned the tight of many battles for me , after a while they were silver chevron experienced veterans .

[@robinchettri6966]

*22 years old Alexander* : Conquering cities, forging an empire. *22 years old me* : Watching videos about how he conquered cities.

[@brokenbridge6316]

I love reading about Alexander the Great and his campaigns. They are such an awesome n thrilling read. Can't wait for the next video in this series. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.

[@elijahjohnson601]

Thank you for this video!

[@fotischaronis4597]

Congratulations guys!!!!!!!!

[@BattleLore]

This series takes me back to Rome Total War: Alexander days ❤️

[@omarbradley6807]

Fun Fact: after the siege, Memnon embarked with his fleet and landed at Mylete, a Greek city in the island of Lesbos, he was close to victory but he died of sicknes, his staff decided to retreat. But it had been argued who if Mylete had fall, Alexander would had been forced to retreat back to the Hellespont, even after the victory at Issus. We certainly could not know for sure, but at least Alexander would had need much more time to conquer the Persian empire, and who knows what would had happen with places like Tyre, Gaza or if Darius would ever meeted him at Gaugamela...

[@gothicgolem2947]

It’s interesting over heard of three differnt deaths for memnon in these comments one said he died in a siege you say illness and others say he was beheaded by darius

[@omarbradley6807]

@@gothicgolem2947 Well he died in a siege, of Illnes but, certainly he wasn't beheaded by Darius III, just search for his biography

[@gothicgolem2947]

@@omarbradley6807I meen idk his first name so it might be hard to find him

[@gothicgolem2947]

@@omarbradley6807 nvm found him thanks

[@gothicgolem2947]

@@omarbradley6807 does his biography use realisable sources tho

[@ozzmanhaji]

Fantastic video once again.

[@Bowielicius]

Finally! This is where the fun begins

[@PrimeroVorian1]

Thank you!

[@peiopascualhernando2236]

thanks for the great videos kings

[@dstaff7373]

THANKS for these vids.

[@1108penguin]

Is there an Alexander's Conquests playlist?

[@steffanyschwartz7801]

@Some thing they’ll get the minor ones in on the movie

[@Korvinian4601]

Honestly K and G you should do a video on how Alexander’s successors ran their own realms, organisation of military etc.

[@t95kush27]

Peloponnesian War series one day?! It would be epic!

[@Lord_verax]

Great video king and generals i wonder if you can make a video tackling psychohistory of civilization

[@stevenheath3524]

Yours is the only channel where I don't skip the ads, simply because of your masterful segues 🤣

[@mikets42]

Imaging error. Sarissa was about 6m long, which made it nearly impossible to transport. So it consisted of 2 parts of equal length which were much easier to transport and put together just before the battle.

[@sapphyrus]

Watching this just 20KM away from Halicarnassus!

[@K.V.H.]

Wow, so this siege produced the original "hold my beer"... 🤔

[@HellenicWolf]

thanks guys great work

[@finnolson4251]

Awesome video as always. But I’ll be honest I prefer the videos without battles being seen animated on the ground, but only in a birds eye view even if nothing happens.

[@sevoo1579]

another awesome job

[@Mitthradata]

great work k&g you did the cyrus video i asked for (for 4 years) on my birthday so still waiting for khosrow I video (or something just on sassanids and zoroastrianism in general)

[@obscuraterror1891]

Unbelievable nice job!!!