Battle of the Jaxartes 329 BC - Alexander the Great DOCUMENTARY

Wizards and Warriors: / wizardsandwarriors
Cold War: / @thecoldwartv
TikTok: / kingsandgenerals
The new Kings and Generals animated ancient historical documentary series covering the conquests of Alexander III the Great of Macedon continues with the aftermath of the siege of Tyre of 332 BC ( • Siege of Tyre 332 BC -... ), the battle of Gaza and the conquest of Egypt ( • Siege of Gaza 332 BC -... ) as well as the decisive battle of Gaugamela against Darius III in 331 BC ( • Battle of Gaugamela 33... ). This video will cover the continuation of Alexander's Asian campaign, as after defeating the remnants of the Acahemenid Empire at the battle of the Persian Gate and the Uxian Defile and the Persian Gates, Alexander marches into Central Asia, taking on the Saka at the battle of Jaxartes in 329 BC. We are planning to cover all campaigns of Alexander and all of his major battles, including Gaugamela, Tyre, Issus, Granicus, Halicarnassus, Gaza, Hydaspes and more.
How Alexander Defeated his Balkan enemies: • Alexander the Great's ...
Battle of Granicus 334 BC: • Battle of Granicus 334...
Sieges of Miletus and Halicarnassus 334 BC: • Siege of Halicarnassus...
Battle of Issus 333 BC: • Battle of Issus 333 BC...
Siege of Tyre of 332 BC: • Siege of Tyre 332 BC -...
Alexander in Palestine and Egypt: • Siege of Gaza 332 BC -...
Gaugamela 331 BC: • Battle of Gaugamela 33...
Persian Gate 330 BC: • Battle of the Persian ...
How Rome Conquered Greece: • How Rome Conquered Gre...
Philip II and Macedonian Phalanx: • Armies and Tactics: Ph...
Philip II's Cavalry and Siegecraft: • Armies and Tactics: Ph...
Diplomatic Genius of Philip of Macedon: • Diplomatic Genius of P...
Military Reforms of Alexander the Great: • Military Reforms of Al...
Alexander the Great: Logistics: • Alexander the Great: L...
Special Forces of Alexander the Great: • Special Forces of Alex...
Ancient Macedonia before Alexander the Great and Philip II: • Ancient Macedonia befo...
Why were Alexander's Body and Tomb So Important? • Why were Alexander's B...
What happened to Alexander's tomb? • What happened to Alexa...
Alexander the Great in Quran and Middle Eastern Myths: • Alexander the Great in...
Ancient Greek State Politics and Diplomacy: • Ancient Greek State Po...
Demosthenes: Greatest Enemy of Philip of Macedon: • Demosthenes: Greatest ...
Support us on Patreon: / kingsandgenerals or Paypal: paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: / @kingsandgenerals We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The video was made by MalayArcher ( / mathemedicupdates , while the script was researched and written by Peter Voller, assisted by Peter Voller. This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / officiallydevin . Art by Nargiz Isayeva. The artwork was inspired by Joan Francesc Oliveras - / jfoliveras Machinima: Total War: Rome II engine Divide et Impera mod Alexander submod.
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Sources:
Arrian ‘Anabasis’
Plutarch ‘Life of Alexander’
Justin ‘Epitome of Pompeius Trogus’
Quintus Curtius Rufus ‘History of Alexander the Great’
Diodorus Siculus ‘Library of History: Book 17’
Badian, E. (1958) ‘The Eunuch Bagoas’ in ‘The Classical Quarterly, 8’ 144-157
Borza, E. and Green, P. (2013) ‘Alexander of Macedon 356-323BC’
Charles, M. and Anagnostou-Laoutides, E. (2018) ‘Curtius 6,5,22-3, Darius III and the Eunuch Bagoas’ in ‘Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie, 2’ 166-183
Fredricksmeyer, E. (1990) ‘Alexander and Philip: Emulation and Resentment’ in ‘The Classical Journal, 85’, 300-315
Heckel, W. (1970) ‘The Conspiracy Against Philotas’ in ‘Phoenix, 31’, 9-21
Ogden, D. (2011) ‘Alexander the Great: Myth, Genesis and Sexuality’
Olbryct, M. (2011) ‘Macedonia and Persia’ in J. Roisman and I. Worthington (eds.) ‘A Companion to Ancient Macedonia’
Robinson, C. (1945) ‘Alexander the Great and Parmenio’ in ‘American Journal of Archaeology, 4’ 422-424
Stoneman, R. (2013) ‘Alexander, Philotas and the Origins of Modern Historiography’ in ‘Greece and Rome, 60’ 296-312
Worthington, I. (2014) ‘By the Spear: Philip II, Alexander the Great and the Rise and Fall of the Macedonian Empire
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #Alexander #Jaxartes

[@KingsandGenerals]

A script on Alexander's sexuality is in the planning phase, so start writing the drafts of your death threats - it is important to be prepared. :-) Wizards and Warriors: kzbin.infofeatured Cold War: kzbin.info/door/CGvq-qmjFmmMD4e-PLQqGg TikTok: www.tiktok.com/@kingsandgenerals

[@nestormakepontos9700]

Oh come on, please try not to disrespect Alexander the Great!

[@KingsandGenerals]

@@nestormakepontos9700 why is it disrespectful?

[@SafavidAfsharid3197]

@@nestormakepontos9700 why though. Your sexuality doesn't take away from your greatness for example Malik kufar of Delhi sultanate for example who defeated mongols, yadavas,kakatiya and took Kohinoor diamond as gift to sultan was himself a homosexual eunuch and lover of the sultan.

[@blank_mody9197]

@@KingsandGenerals he means that if you don't throw in atleast one reference to Alexander "only ever being defeated by Hephaestions thighs" there will be riots.

[@terry7907]

Why? Who is interested in the sexuality of a king or general?

[@SMAXZO]

"Alexander had his men made rafts using skins filled with straw" "This proved to be the final straw for Bessus" Comedy gold!

[@sid34193]

Xenophon

[@michaelsinger4638]

Alexander’s Eastern Campaigns really showed his brilliance and tactical flexibility.

[@Ms314159265358979323]

Were there any western campaigns if we do not count Egypt..?

[@nathanfrancis9411]

@@Ms314159265358979323 the Balkan and Greek campaigns I imagine

[@Ms314159265358979323]

@@nathanfrancis9411 That is north and south.

[@nathanfrancis9411]

@@Ms314159265358979323 yeah but they’re still west relative to his other campaigns, but idk if that’s what this guy was trying to say lol

[@Ms314159265358979323]

@@nathanfrancis9411 I just enjoy nitpicking when I am bored lol...

[@petervoller3404]

Hey all, I was the historian and scriptwriter for this episode, hope you enjoyed it! If you've got any questions or feedback, feel free to leave them below and I'll do my best to get around to all of them!

[@memorymeme51]

How long does it take to make a video such as this?

[@longdongjohnson814]

Are you a professional historian?

[@longdongjohnson814]

Or did "Kings and Generals" come to you or how did you get in contact?

[@petervoller3404]

​@@memorymeme51 It can depend on the subject, how much info is out there etc. and a lot of other things. On average though, I'd say that the research and writing, in an ideal world, would take about 2 weeks. Then there's all the other steps, animating, narrating etc. but that's not my side of things, so I'm not sure I can say how long all that takes as well

[@petervoller3404]

@@longdongjohnson814 Erm, depends what you count as professional I guess, I'm doing a PhD in ancient history at the moment and, basically through sheer luck, have been working with KnG for a few years now!

[@BOSIE321]

I don't think Alexander gets enough credit for his record as a besieger of cities or for his tactical flexibility which developed as he got older. To defeat the horse archers and then actually incorporate such units into his army he does something that European armies for the next thousand years often fail to do. Even by the time of the crusades Western armies were consistently still struggling with horse archers/skirmisher tactics, Alexander not only beat them but saw their immediate value and used them to great effect in his Indian campaigns.

[@Bullet-Tooth-Tony-]

@BOSIE321 Richard the Lion Heart beat similar forces at Arsuf. Saladins army had much more mobile troops compared to Richard. Saladin's army were around 25,000 soldiers, almost all cavalry (horse archers, light cavalry, and a minority of heavy cavalry) Richard's army possessed only 10,000 infantry (including spearmen and crossbowmen) and 1,200 heavy cavalry and he still crushed them.

[@BOSIE321]

@@Bullet-Tooth-Tony- That's true but a lot of the armies in the Crusades struggled with feigned retreats and being baited by horse archers if i recall. I find it interesting that Alexander saw their worth and he seems to use them a lot from this point onward (especially in India)

[@Bullet-Tooth-Tony-]

@@BOSIE321 Kings and generals did a very good video on Arsuf, worth checking out 👍

[@schoolofgrowthhacking]

@@BOSIE321 Alexander was educated by Aristotle. His friends were similarly educated, and trained. Most crusaders were illiterate and made their tactical decisions based on whether God wills it or not. The invention of the Gutenberg press didn't come until later, when they rediscovered Greek and Roman wisdom. When the crusaders arrived at the gates of Constantinople the Byzantines were shocked by how barbaric they were.

[@MrAlepedroza]

@@BOSIE321 Wrong. The Crusaders quickly adapted to horse archers and incorporated them into their armies in the form of Turcopole troops and mercenaries, sometimes composing the majority of their armies. If the Crusaders eventually lost, it had more to due with bad logistics, poor manpower and disunity.

[@jonbaxter2254]

Always feel like a spoiler when you see an Alexander fight... you know he's going to win.

[@kambiz7556]

The Cat has 9 lives.

[@danielzhang1916]

or at least end in a draw or settlement

[@BrayOfTheDonkey]

Gotta feel for him, Diarrhea spoils anyone!

[@stacey_1111rh]

Not really but if you look at it like a movie trailer then yeah it’ll seem like that. It’s history it’s way better

[@redghettosun9785]

More examples of what made Alexander truly great: 1. Leading from the front 2. Improvisation 3. Determination. Most importantly, reacting quickly and unexpectedly to unforeseen threats. No other figure in history at this juncture had all these qualities and characteristics. He was always 3 steps ahead of all his enemies. Had he lived another 5 years, it makes you wonder what else he could have achieved.

[@markcoroneos7811]

Regardless of what all the alexander haters you’ll see in the comments for this series say; alexander was a combination of the great man meeting the geopolitical context of the time. A man of great ability who was able to fully utilize the means at his disposal and was in the right place at the right time to take advantage of the regional political situation he was in.

[@Ms314159265358979323]

ehmmm. Napoleon I. was even better. The best leader of all.

[@redghettosun9785]

@@markcoroneos7811 Alexander was incredibly astute politically for someone that young. He could've stopped after Issus or Gaugamela and he would have still been called The Great. But he read the Persian state of affairs correctly and knew he could take it all. Fortunately, Darius The III was nothing like his ancestor Darius The I who chased The Scythians deep into Europe. He would've fought Alexander to the death and not turned tail in battle. Coincidentally, he was planning an invasion of Greece before he died.

[@redghettosun9785]

@@Ms314159265358979323 I'm sure Napoleon would've have agreed with you. But he did admire Alexander and his execution of The Persian Campaign.

[@markcoroneos7811]

@@redghettosun9785 i was just gonna say, who was napoleon’s hero 😜 Yeah precisely, i was reading that he ideally wanted darius alive so he could rule the persian part of the empire as a vassel to alexander - keeping as much of the political and social structure intact as he could so as not to lead to constant rebellions through changing too much too soon. You can see that by the way he kept the satrap system in place and allowed for provincial autonomy in the same way as the Persians. That is what made cyrus and darius I so successful. Greece was a different matter, he had to break the autotomy of the polis so as not to have the same issue.

[@comingverysoon]

Beating Scythians on their home turf in the steppe ranks near the top of Alexander's achievements. Nobody else did this.

[@nikitaostrovsky8416]

Crassus and Roman soldiers in Carrhae: what?! This trick exists?

[@lordshang8838]

Crassus faced cataphracts led by a seasoned general, alexander just fought some hill tribes. Also crassus didnt have the companion cavalry. But i also believe alexander would act differently at carrhae.

[@matthewkira6668]

@@lordshang8838 to be fair, we dont have enough details to determine if the Parthian army at Carrhae were composed mostly of elite professionals, nor do we have confirmation that the Scythians lacked basic training in their arts of war

[@okenogamer]

​@@lordshang8838 some hill tribe? Sakas were adept horse archers. Alexander beat them without phalanx and while outnumbered. Crassarus wasn't a military man and did the exact opposite of what Alex did against sychnthians

[@hermitthelegend1188]

Cataphracts are no joke they have the best heavy armor they have a sword can't penetrate their armor only blunt weapons can do it and they even use blunt weapons for close quarters that can crush your bone

[@okenogamer]

@@hermitthelegend1188 the problem is Roman legion under crassarus didn't use combined arm tactics like Alexander's. Thus the difference

[@pablopablo3834]

That battle is insane if you saw that in a movie/show you would say its unrealistic. Its baffling to know this actually happened. I wish we could see some of these battles in game or film.

[@minatodroger7890]

And that is why this man is revered by every general after. What a win he pulled off

[@JohnnyElRed]

It's funny you make a video about Alexander the Great going to Hyrcania, the same day you make a video about Conan the Barbarian battling in Hyrkania.

[@ADogNamedStay]

Weren't they the same person though?

[@jonbaxter2254]

@@ADogNamedStay Alexander was even more buff...

[@trentw.3566]

Conan was more buff because....primobolan. The ancient secret. Primobolan.

[@Suleimenoff]

Alexander was a great tactician and strategists. He (1) adapted and won a battle vs nomadic army (2) he understood quickly that further battles with nomads will not benefit him and used the opportunity to honourably withdraw. P.S. it seems that Saka still had memories about their victory about the Cyrus and were used to easily beating infantry armies. Clearly they underestimated Alexander's army on their first meeting

[@dimitrioskontsiotis2267]

Alexander didn't withdraw he set up a treaty. He would give the Saka all of their captured soldiers back to them in return for never invading Macedonian territory ever again. The Saka agreed and they never bothered Alexander again. Yes the Saka underestimated the Macedonians. The underestimated how much of a brilliant tactician and strategist Alexander the Great was. He was a military genius and he was highly adaptable.

[@ANONYMOUS-it1ku]

Eagerly waiting for Alexender's conquest of India!

[@michaelsinger4638]

Northern India. I doubt he could have co queried the rest of it had he tried.

[@deepdungeon8465]

@@michaelsinger4638 don't forget, it's not what armies of Chandra and Indian kings he will face but also all of malaria, dysentery and many more of which lowers much of his men's morale.

[@hannibalburgers477]

>conquest Attempted conquest

[@Talosbug]

I think it’s interesting how mercenary armies have come back into popularity in modern times. The benefits and reasoning of it hasn’t changed since Alexander used them

[@Ms314159265358979323]

Alexander used mainly his own professional soldiers.

[@Talosbug]

@@klausbrinck2137 So in other words…. Capitalism 😂

[@nenenindonu]

One really has to grasp the conquered distance from Macedonia to the Syr Darya, as far as the ancient ages are concerned, there's simply no conqueror who could come even close to Alexander, not in antiquity...

[@hassanabdulsalam1000]

Cyrus the great

[@nenenindonu]

@@hassanabdulsalam1000 From Persis to Asia Minor ? That's a Kap 🧢

[@hassanabdulsalam1000]

@@nenenindonu nah nah Cyrus went east and west He also conquered Indus valley All the way to anatolia then he came back to fight babylonian empire

[@hassanabdulsalam1000]

@Uhtred of Bebbanburg he did especially some sources say he died fighting against them

[@nenenindonu]

@Uhtred of Bebbanburg He did and probably lost his head to a chieftess from Massagatae, interesting isn't it 😅

[@denniscleary7580]

The only thing that could pull me away from a wizards and warriors video is a video from kings and generals about Alexander the great 👍

[@vermicelledecheval5219]

Could have been an Inspiration for Crassus before the battle of Carrhae it seems... Maybe he didn't read Alex3 performance this day against horse archers... Evertheless it shows how brilliant and adaptable was the son of Philip of Macedon against all odds. He truly deserves his place alongside Napoléon, Hannibal, Ceasar, Subutai and Ibn al Walid as some of the best military geniuses of all time.

[@theawesomeman9821]

You forgot to mention, brilliant generals like Robert E. Lee, George Patton, and the Duke of Wellington.

[@timurthelamest5630]

The Parthians wouldn't have fallen for that. They were a bit more disciplined compared to their nomadic Scythian cousins to the North. They kept their distance and only engaged momentarily, no prolonged melee to get pinned.

[@ramtin5152]

He had light infantry and did send a portion of his troops to attack the Parthian horse archers like Alexander did and his son was their leader ... They were all slaughtered by horse archers and heavy cataphracts and his son's head was put on a spear

[@ramtin5152]

Btw you forgot Cyrus the great and Genghis Khan

[@fatalshore5068]

I'm glad you mentioned Ibn al Walid, he gets no mention whatsoever in the west outside of history buffs like everyone here. A truly incredible tactician and military leader.

[@christopherhanton6611]

very good video you can see his officers are starting fraction with him. also, the battle of Jaxartes is today the site of the battle straddles the modern borders of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan, just south-west of the ancient city of Tashkent (the modern capital of Uzbekistan) and north-east of Khujand (a city in Tajikistan). got that off the internet site Wikipedia.

[@danielzhang1916]

it's crazy how far he got, all the way to the Fergana Valley, Tajikistan

[@christopherhanton6611]

@@danielzhang1916 as you know he went and had several battles in now 🇮🇳

[@danielzhang1916]

@@christopherhanton6611 yes, I was making an example, since he founded Alexandria Eschate and other cities

[@Leynx-Et-Fenrir]

There are gods, there are us and there is Alexander

[@Louis-ji3sn]

I wish you would zoom out more so I know where this area is at the beginning of your video. I noticed the same issue when I watched your Battle of Dorylaeum video (I think it would have had more of a significant effect if you had zoomed out to show the area around the dispositions of troops. Thanks.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Good point

[@petervoller3404]

Good suggestion, thank you!

[@cocaleaf2358]

And use the original google earth map for realism, not a fictional fake map. That shows in detail the original mountain passes and routes the Macedonian army had to march through. 👍

[@josephguillerey4391]

@@cocaleaf2358 the problem of the google earth is that the modern cities would appear on it, ironically, the fake maps are closer to the reality of the situation

[@cocaleaf2358]

@@josephguillerey4391 the cities are barely visible, you have to really zoom all the way in for the cities to be clearly visible.

[@ledzep215]

My favorite series you've done since Cesar's campaigns! Always happy to see an upload :3

[@ArianaraS3]

“Your ancestors came to Macedonia and the rest of Hellas [Greece] and did us great harm, though we had done them no prior injury. I have been appointed leader of the Greeks, and wanting to punish the Persians I have come to Asia, which I took from you.” - Alexander's letter to Persian king Darius III of Persia in response to a truce plea, as quoted in Anabasis Alexandri by Arrian; translated as Anabasis of Alexander by P. A. Brunt, for the "Loeb Edition" Book II 14, 4 Its Unbelievable that the first person Who tried to unite the greeks Succed it and is still known till today

[@GOD_Finoes]

Well actually Athen helped a revolt in Persian territory first and all of this started...

[@user-nz1eu8cz1d]

@@GOD_Finoes I have a better one. Well actually ,the Persians occupied the greek colonies of Asia Minor first and all of this started.

[@GOD_Finoes]

@@user-nz1eu8cz1d well bro if i remember right, cyrus the great first told them to help him flank lidya but they allied with lidya instead and when Lidya fell, they also fell to persian hands. And you say since Greeks got colonies in many places around Mediterranean sea, Athens and other city states in mainland Greece should help them revolt whenever they want?

[@user-nz1eu8cz1d]

@@GOD_Finoes actually Cyrus never contacted the Greeks.They were too far to the West and far too less important. Actually many of these colonies were related with family ties with their metropolis It was exactly the case as in WW 1 and WW 2 where the Germans were fighting Britain only to find out that they were fighting Canada,Australia and New Zealand also.

[@GOD_Finoes]

@@user-nz1eu8cz1d i searched a little and found out that i was pretty wrong and cyrus didn't ask them to ally with him but he asked them for peace. But when they participated in war against him as an ally of lidya, and after the war when Lidya defeated they sued for peace but cyrus told them it's late. Anyway I'm pretty sure he contacted them(it's all written by Herodotus)

[@thedrinkinggamemaker9749]

Alexander: *shows everyone how to deal with an all-cavalry force* Horse warlords: "lucky for us, no one was paying attention"

[@tl8211]

It worked against a small tribal force that probably wasn't very organized, but wouldn't work against a disciplined army, that would maintain formation and avoid being distracted and outflanked. Also, and probably more importantly, it depends on having a sufficiently open place to force a pitched battle and having disciplined and competent soldiers to act as decoys. Most generals could never hope to send a force into a difficult situation like that and get anything but retreat and defeat out of it.

[@thedrinkinggamemaker9749]

@@tl8211 like square formations at Waterloo?

[@backflip1807]

Proud to be Makedonas 🇬🇷

[@warriorface31]

They are extinct peoples :)

[@ArianaraS3]

@@warriorface31 we are still here and growing, go spread your hate for greece in a greek city if you love hating us so much :)

[@ArianaraS3]

@@joaoalbertodosanjosgomes1536 wdym

[@davidscwimer1974]

@@warriorface31 actually the Greeks can be found in Southern Europe

[@aokiaoki4238]

@@wankawanka3053 Fakedonian?

[@williamromine5715]

I really like your animation of the soldiers and horses. As with any large group, there will be some who are distracted, kicking at a clod of dirt, or a horse spooked by a piece of grass. It's so much more realistic than most animations, where every soldier and horse is at attention like they were on a parade ground. I am very impressed by your attention to detail. Yours are head and shoulders above other videos.

[@H4kkk0]

Amazing series & a brilliant strategist Alexander was !

[@victorv1151]

Woo, Barbacue with the family then coming home to King And Generals new Alexander video. Living the life.

[@baronobeefdip7092]

The adventures of Alexander the Great should be made into an anime

[@the_andrewest_andrew]

it has... if i remember correctly there was an anime about alexanders life from the creator of aeon flux... both "old" animes and not at all historical (alexander) but it exist

[@smurphy98844]

@@the_andrewest_andrew Reign the Conquer

[@theawesomeman9821]

When it comes to conquests, "enough just isn't enough" for Alexander.

[@brokenbridge6316]

Loved the video. Can't wait to see this series get to the Battle Alexander the Great fought against King Porrus. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.

[@Nick-hi9gx]

Just listened to this battle in an audio book like 36 hours ago, and then again from another perspective like 3 hours ago. How timely

[@jonathanjung1543]

whenever kings and generals puts out a video of alexander i always start a new campaign with macedon in rome 2

[@Dourios_96]

🇮🇷🇬🇷 we had our differences back in the day but one cannot deny our epic battles we had against one another

[@Dourios_96]

@@christos3280 ωραίος μένεις Ελλάδα?

[@zohaibalam7339]

Thanks kings and generals for describing the history in a very excellent and neutral way

[@jonbaxter2254]

What an action packed episode, felt like a fantasy drama.

[@jk-gb4et]

Real life usually tells better stories than fiction

[@liamjohnson2474]

11:18 I didn't know Rob Stark "The King in the North," rode with the column

[@ElBandito]

There is a Chinese proverb called "Cast aside the bow after the birds are gone, cook the hounds once all the hares are hunted". It refers to the practice of people casting aside those who have helped them to achieve their position of power or success. Alexander killing Philotas and Parmenion is an example of this proverb.

[@beno1129]

'Thanks for being with us'? No K&G, thank YOU for providing us with great content.

[@matthewblackledge5464]

The diarrhea counter on Alexander made me burst out laughing. Good stuff!

[@m.meiburger1970]

so tragic , ofc after hours of torture he accepted it and said he was a traitor .. at this point he probably would had tell them everything just to make it stop ....

[@hadrianwall9157]

Wow. Super detailed... you guys really continue to outdo yourselves. Really looking forward to continued episodes on my favorite historical figure.

[@chrislangfield2869]

Thank you, I really enjoyed your detailed account. I am a big fan of history especially Alexander the Great. This episode is so far the best .

[@jonbaxter2254]

His life was fascinating, and he was doing all this when he was my age, 29.

[@robbabcock_]

Thanks for another tremendous video! ⚔

[@seanpoore2428]

The Alexander series and the Italian wars are my 2 favorite current projects y'all are doing, hope y'all make it to the Sacco di Roma soon!

[@azizaziz-ei2tz]

11:27 ops looks like Octavian twin was one of Alexander's officers

[@thalleseduardo8041]

Thank you for making the audio available in Portuguese, I always followed the subtitles and even when I didn't have them, the quality of the channel only increases, thank you.

[@alishermukhametkali9230]

That's a pure pleasure to watch these videos

[@JebusCookies]

Love this series, please finish it asap!!!

[@ethanperez9474]

babe wake up, new alexander episode just dropped

[@user-yr4js5zq1k]

Perfect series, thanks!!!

[@geraldjohnson9945]

This is the best series y’all ever made and I been watching you guys forever

[@HealingBlight]

23:14 did you seriously just do that? Fantastic.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yes, we will pay, he is going to write a very annoyed comment

[@ramtin5152]

Some are saying that Crassus could beat the Parthians if he used Alexander tactic in this battle Well, his situation was different He did send a portion of his troops to attack the Parthian horse archers like Alexander did and his son was their leader However, the Parthian general, Surena, predicted this so he had some of his cataphracts in the back and retreated with the rest and with his horse archers and at the same time, had the rest of Crassus army surrounded with most of his horse archers on the other sides so they wouldn't dare to break their defensive formation while Alexander wasn't surrounded The Romans who followed Surena's forces were at first killed by the Parthian shot and then surrounded and slaughtered by horse archers and Parthian heavy cataphracts with Crassus son being among the dead

[@apewhoissmart9697]

Yep crassa was surrounded he also didn't have enough ranged troops to pin them down

[@Willzy800]

Crassus should have extended his lines to protect his army from envelopment. Around Carrhae there are a few terrain features that Crassus could have used to secure his flanks even more, such as the hills to the North East and North West of the town itself, as well as the river to the west, which Cassius Longinus recommended following. With their flanks secured, the Romans would then only have had to worry about a front assault. Surena had 1,000 cataphracts and I think between 6-9,000 horse archers. There is no way that this force could have frontally broken through the Roman infantry line, at least not in a way that would have rolled up the whole formation. From a hilltop position, with secured flanks, the Romans could have just waited for the Parthians to attack and then repulsed them with a downhill counter charge. Or in a battle line on flatter ground, again with flanks secure, they could have attacked, retreated, luring the Parthians into a trap with pre dug trenches, caltrops, etc., like what Sulla had used decades earlier. There are a myriad of tactics and tricks that Crassus could have chosen instead of forming his whole army into a square, which is a terrible battle formation for anything other than defensive fighting. And you don't win against maneuverable horsemen by being defensive, at least not that way. Considering he wasn't a complete novice at war, Crassus was taken by surprise and did not expect to actually fight a decisive battle where he did, under those circumstances. The guy has an army of almost 50,000 men, his camp followers alone probably doubled the amount of combatants brought by Surena. The surprise of the effectiveness of the horse archers, their seemingly unlimited amount of arrows, and the shock of losing his son is what caused Crassus to lose the initiative that first day. The second day was doomed, as the Roman army at that point had zero morale.

[@ramtin5152]

@@Willzy800 If Romans would've just waited on a hilltop instead of advancing, then they would give the Parthians what they actually wanted Slowing the Romans until the arrival of the main Parthian army (which had a successful campaign in Armenia) Surena's mission was to slow Crassus down by harrassing his army or using scorched earth tactic and buying time for the king who was busy fighting and punishing the Armenian king not to fight a decisive battle and beat the Romans The inferior number of the Parthian army was what gave Crassus the confidence to fight them on flat and open plains If they had taken a defensive position on hills or behind the river, Surena wouldn't have attacked since he was a smart commander unlike the Parthian general and prince who fought Ventidius The difference between him and them was that they were impatient, arrogant and were blinded by the pride of previous successes while Surena was a wise and patient general who had experience in open battle and siege since he fought Orodes brother twice and defeated him both times Even Orodes II (the Parthian king) was shocked to hear the news of his victory at Carrhae This channel made a video about Carrhae which focuses on Surena's strategy rather than Crassus mistakes

[@pompeythegreat297]

Crassus's overconfidence was his downfall. Engaging the Parthians on open ground was a fatal error. He should of advanced more cautiously, with a more secured rear communications. The king of Armenia offered passage through their lands, which was mountainous, disadvantageous to cavalry. Crassus was also impatient, he wanted quick victories, brought him quick death. He needed to be patient, advance methodically, inching closer with smaller achievements, it would of been a more drawn out affair, but one he could win. It would of resembled the wars amongst Antigonus, and Eumenes...........

[@erickmanrique6730]

Incredible channel. Blessed for your team's efforts to give historinerds entertainment

[@shanshom]

Yessss! I was waiting for this.

[@richardque4952]

Brilliant strategy.

[@dainiangrove5153]

Thank you love Alexander and the diatal time you put in .

[@billhanna2148]

Thank you 🙏 again for your EXCELLENT work 🙏👏👏👏💪 I've watched MANY videos on Alexander the great but none have shown a fraction of the details shown here and in such satisfying animation 😎👍👍👍👏👏👏💪💪💪😎

[@lucasespinola5076]

I had to watch it as soon as i saw it. I can't wait for the next alexander video.

[@ykardasis]

Never knew about that battle of Alexander, thank you kings and generals!

[@tylerdurden3722]

⚰️🧟‍♂️ This is probably his second greatest battle. This episode kinda did it an injustice...the episode tried to fit in too much, and things were rushed. The Scythians intentionally camped near Alexander and then spent days taunting him by spitting insults accross the river. A lot of Scythians (espescially nobles) were captured. The Scythian leader died during the artillery barrage, which triggered the tactical retreat by the Scythians). In some sources, the Phalanx acted on the flanks of the army in this battle, to complete a partial envelopment (which is very unothadox). A lot of things were left out. Even Spitamanes should have been an episode on his own...this dude deserved more respect.

[@luffytaro5951]

i recently started wachting this channel i am so happy that i found this channel i just wanted to learn about Alexander The Great conqeust in a more entertaining way than just reading a book about it

[@Mike-ce3ey]

This is something new information that I did not know about it Alexander the Great thank you for your great content

[@ThalesGMota]

I Love This Series of Alexander The Great And your Conquests.

[@weilaiyvn_DEACTIVATED]

10:13 HEY! What Augustus is doing there?!

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you , K&G . 🐺

[@Yee20234]

Thanks for this series. I never knew anything about Alexander at all

[@voidsentoni5977]

It is strange that the armies who were put as sacrifices are willing to be baits. Imagine being showered with arrows from all sides.

[@apexnext]

Yeah during that scene I wondered if they are being told the whole truth. I'm sure they get orders and just follow them. Otherwise it shows trust. They must have thought their relief would come quick enough and they would be rewarded for the bravery (sacrifice). The death/wounded numbers show it wasn't a slaughter for them. Must be nice knowing your leader is *Alexander* 😂👍

[@voidsentoni5977]

Any guesses is right. Back then, ppl are probably superstitious, believing that Alexander is son of Zeus, thus trusted as demigod. Perhaps one of many reason ppl want to assassinate him too, due to resentments of those ruthless tactics.

[@Mickmickster]

Never knew about this battle, which is awesome.

[@apexnext]

I've said it before and I'll say it again. I feel cheated by my schooling. 😳

[@danielzhang1916]

I never learned about this in detail in school, just the basics

[@douwesmit6278]

Your videos are awesome. Thanks! Would be very nice to have a very small recap or larger map at the start of the video to help remember where you pick up the story.

[@Frothenbath1]

Whiterun Guard: "I used to be an adventurer like you, then I took an arrow to the knee." Alexander: "You were stopped by *one* arrow?"

[@suddentroubles9501]

Always great content

[@PrimeroVorian1]

Thank you!

[@noping4100]

Nooooo you didn't tint the blood mask brown over Alexander because he had diarrhea. That's hilarious hahaha

[@darranfinlay7818]

Another great video! 🤘

[@MRbossman1982]

Another great video

[@regnumfitness]

AMAZING! I finished reading Valerio Massimo Manfredi's book about Alexander. Thank you so much for this content. 👏👏👏

[@matheuspaiva2075]

Muito obrigado pelo áudio online. Falo, aqui, do Brasil! Parabéns pelo Canal! (Thank you very much for the audio in Portuguese. I'm talking about Brazil here! Congratulations on the channel!)

[@naveensilva2312]

Great documentary as always! @11:00 interesting, I didn't know Robb Stark rode with the army of Alexander :P

[@-RONNIE]

Thanks for the video it was interesting

[@TruthSeeker1453]

Everyone: Now that he has defeated Darius, he will stop there and go home Alexander: Hold my hammer and anvil

[@gudgoodsteps8036]

the long awaited video has come

[@gingerbill128]

Thanks for the video

[@LeoSilva-he3rn]

Eu realmente não esperava ver um vídeo com uma qualidade dessa em português... +1 inscrito!!!

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job

[@ycplum7062]

Alexander was already reaping his intended rewards, fame. However, for is army, especially the lower ranks, fame and riches were only a means to an end. They wanted to settle down comfortably, some very comfortably, but settle down nevertheless. In admittedly hindsight, Alexander probably should have recruited natives in his conquests as replacements for his Macedonian troops, while allowing the older ones who wish to retire to do so.

[@petervoller3404]

Tbf, that's exactly what Alexander did. Many of his veterans were either sent home, or settled in the new Alexandrias, when they got old. Their numbers were replaced by a combination of men from Macedonia, Greek mercenaries, and troops trained in the Macedonian style from straps in Asia Minor. More and more natives got blended in throughout his campaign to replace old and wounded men

[@abcdc197]

They did that by training young persian boys to fight in greek fashion. That's how later after Alexander Seleukids had large armies of Phalanx. Ptolomy trained egyptians boys. That's why they married local women and those back in Greece didn't like Alexander for that very reason seeing him as traitor in a way.

[@tylerdurden3722]

Alexander tried that, but his soldiers became jealous and it just caused even more friction. The Macedonians wanted to go home, but they also didn't want to be replaced. But more than that, they really didn't like the idea of their king becoming more and more Persian and surrounding himself with Asians. They wanted Alexander to go home, to remove him from the influence that was changing him. The Macedonians were pretty xenophobic.

[@ycplum7062]

@@petervoller3404 True, But, he did not make the transition completely or rapidly enough. That is why the army balked in going further east. He still had a very large Macedonian contingent when he went into India.

[@ycplum7062]

@@tylerdurden3722 While true, I think that came later. I think if he started the transition earlier, it would have become less of an issue, except for his generals.

[@socrates_the_great6209]

Great Playlist.

[@philippepanayotov9632]

Superb work :)

[@Theonewhowatchesyoutubenow]

At 11:00 what is the king in the north, Robb stark, doing there during Alexander’s campaign

[@shannon1267]

Diarrhea gets even the best of us

[@johngolden3714]

Hey! That looked like Robb Stark riding next to Antigonus Monopthalmus!

[@marianobarradomuxi3293]

Estupendo video !.

[@pierevojzola9737]

Hi, the picture of the two horsemen threw me as it shows the rider in a saddle with iron stirrups! Either the painters depicting the riders during the time of Alexander the Great have got the picture all wrong or the Greeks had got hold of some unknown combination that had such an influence on cavalry warfare that they managed to achieve huge gains using this new technique. There I was thinking it was all down to their infantry skills. Cheers mate. Harera

[@mazenaljayousi49]

What a brilliant Episode .. thanks again kings and generals 🫡

[@TheFool87]

I didn't know Octavian was a time traveller :) jokes aside, another great video,bravo.

[@Anders_Lund]

Good to see that I was not the only one who saw the princeps at 11:30

[@HellenicWolf]

Great video!

[@anthonyhoang3925]

Amazing 👏

[@rvrrvr6412]

Not even horse archers were a match for Alexander the Great that’s how he would have defeated the Mongols

[@JD-hs1wm]

No one will try to defeat Mongols or even if they tried, they will be the greatest fools as during those times attacking and conquering Mongolia was an action with very little reward as all you will gain is a long stretch of barren land. So Alexander made the wise move of moving towards the Indian subcontinent as he knew that even if he is able to conquer only a part of northwestern Indian subcontinent, that alone can make his empire immensely rich.

[@CaesarSonOfMars]

@@JD-hs1wm the Mongols weren't an unbeatable force. It has happened where they had been defeated.

[@JD-hs1wm]

@@CaesarSonOfMars I am not mentioning the people of Mongol but the land of Mongols which was not a fertile land for settlements and creation of great civilizations. So, it would be a foolish action to conquer Mongolia.

[@CaesarSonOfMars]

@@JD-hs1wm Alexander had campaigned in desert and steppe. The guy was experienced in pretty much every kind of warfare at the time, Mongolia wouldn't have been difficult him.

[@JD-hs1wm]

@@CaesarSonOfMars I will consider it as an utter foolishness if he tried to conquer Mongolia or Arabia as their is nothing to profit from the conquest. The best way is to recruit them as mercenary or merchants and have peace with them. All the focus should be on conquering Indian subcontinent as it can provide rich fertile lands and also huge labour force with exotic goods like spices, textiles, metals etc..

[@RK-bz7hb]

Never ever stop fellas

[@antoniocarrascosa6060]

Espectacular video de la campaña de Alejandro por esas lejanísimas e inhóspitas tierras. enhorabuena