Battle of Issus 333 BC - Alexander the Great DOCUMENTARY

[@KingsandGenerals]

Get 20% OFF + Free International Shipping + 2 Free Gifts with my link manscaped.com/kings Merry Christmas! Check out our new fantasy channel - kzbin.info/www/bejne/fmnae2qfp5iWn5o new Witcher battle video just got uploaded, it is on the battle of Brenna, arguably one of the best fantasy battles. Previous Alexander Battles kzbin.info/www/bejne/iZ_HiJ-Pn56th68

[@yourdadsotherfamily3530]

Video uploaded ‘19 min ago’ Also Kings and Generals in the Comments: ‘17 hours ago’ LOL the timeline got fucked up

[@romelnegut2005]

@@yourdadsotherfamily3530 Pre-released for the Patreon supporters.

[@dukesilver702]

Why on Earth would Derrius III bring so much gold with him to a battle? I know it was custom to bring extravagance with a king, but an entire royal treasury seems like a really dumb idea.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@ignaciocristobal4639]

The fact that you show the battle twice according to different sources is a marvel. What a channel and what a time to be alive.

[@asal1153]

Indeed, it's a sign of commitment.

[@tcc5750]

Agreed, one of the best things about K&G.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@adampatterson2195]

"All Macedonian prisoners had their hands severed, and Alexander was now CUT OFF." "When the Galley returned to confirm that Darius was AT HAND, Alexander GRASPED the SEVERITY of the situation." K&G, love you guys.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@starboys3407]

@@Universal.. You know the Greeks at the time in general thought low of Macedon? Of course they'd call them Barbarian or non Greek,yet the Macedonians lead their fellow Greeks to glory in Alexander's conquests,as a result Hellenism spread from the Greek people.

[@donaldaliaj7331]

@@Universal.. Chill out. Albanians arent illyrians,their dna is like 90% greek. And pelasgians were ancestors of greeks too.The only reason they were considering macedon barbaroi was cuz of its harsh dialect. Alexanders mother was epeirote, again from a greek kingdom that wasnt considered greek, cuz of its proximity,language and the fact it was influenced a lot by the illyrians because geography allowed it so I am both greek and albanian so idgas who is who but its so sad seeing people who have no idea what they talking about and only copy paste lies.

[@praiza1481]

One of my favorite anecdote from Plutarch's _Alexander_ takes place right after Issus. Among the treasure of Darius Alexander captured after the battle was a casket, the most beautiful and valuable item out of all the King of kings vast wealth. And inside it Alexander chose to keep his personal copy of the Iliad, the one Aristotle gave to him with annotations and observations. The most powerful, influential and wealthiest man on Earth at the time, and inside the most beautiful of caskets he chose to keep a story.

[@karaiskakis5172]

Not just a story , it made him the man he was .

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@davyroger3773]

He called the illiad his " handbook of war"

[@colink563]

The timing of Memnon's death is so important and so fascinating. Just like Alexander's own, it makes you wonder a tad about foul play.

[@andreasjames1956]

He got Assasins Creed'd

[@shenkman1]

@@andreasjames1956 man an AC in this time period would be sick

[@andreasjames1956]

@@shenkman1 Cast: Aristotle, Alexander, Ptolemy, Cassander, etc. I can already imagine the story. You are Alexander's personal assassin that plays a huge part behind the scenes in making his campaigns happen. Final mission - assassinate Alexander himself

[@Lp-army1]

​@andreasjames1956, but this is ac. There's some twist on the Templar. Maybe Aristotle or Alexander are in cahoots with the Templar

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

ARISTOTEL and ALEXANDER SPOKE MACEDONIAN LANGUAGE ! !

[@klaudioabazi4478]

In this battle Alexander used the classic hammer and anvil tactic to perfection. It was the turning point of his campaign against Persia. At Gaugamela he would take the tactic to a whole new and more effective level, and decisively Defeat Darius III and conquer Persia. It is astonishing what Alexander accomplished with this disciplined army.

[@theawesomeman9821]

The 2006 film, though boring was very accurate in portraying the battle

[@sankarchaya]

it looks like the Persians were trying something similar on the other flank, their cavalry were just slower in dealing with their Macedonian opponents.

[@maxanderson9293]

@@sankarchaya the Persians simply lacked good leadership. And fought the Macedonians where they couldn't exploit their numerical advantage.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@lyonvensa]

The timing of Memnon's death is really like those moments when the gods say 'no'. As unreliable as it sometimes can be, luck is the most powerful force behind a war.

[@deron2203]

Thanks for the Christmas gift! Always love to see Alexander the great content!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@braydenleis4735]

@@Universal.. why did you post this on every fucking comment?

[@tool_1333]

He thinks he can spread pseudohistory in 2021 in YT. Just pathetic...

[@vasiliykolebanov845]

I grew up reading about Alexander the Great. My family was teaching me about him since kindergarten and teaching me to read on history books about him. It's what started my love for history. I have always loved and appreciated you source-based and historically-acurate presentation. You have always done great since the beginning. Always a fan!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@savvasavramidis2240]

@@Universal.. In Greek mythology, Illyrian was the last son of Cadmus and Harmony. In another account, Illyrian was the son of Polyphemus and Galatia, brother of Celtus and Galatians. Illyrian had six sons and several daughters, three of whom are known by their names. More specifically, children of Illyrium were: Enghelos, Avtarieas, Dardanos, Maidos, Tavlas, Perraivos, Partho, Daortho and Dassaro. VERY GREEK names of others from our GREEK MYTHOLOGY.arrives now with this pitiful anti-Hellenism and the theft of OUR history.

[@TheSauron197]

@@Universal.. Alexander,Philip, Macedonia,olympias the names of all Macedonian generals are Greek. They all mean something in Greek obviously you cannot understand......all the inscriptions ever found in ancient Macedonia were in Greek......The Persians were referring to the Macedonians and the other Greeks with the same name " Yunnan" which means ionians and this is the same name that all Muslim countries still use for Greeks. Snap out of Tito's communist propaganda.....he inherited by the kingdom of Yugoslavia a region populated by Bulgarian speaking people and instead of trying to forcibly assimilate them, how the ones before him did,he persuade them that are not Bulgarians. That joke has lasted toο much .......Don't you think......

[@BOSIE321]

It's telling how Alexander always fought aggressive battles where the odds were against him, in contrast to Hannibal and often the Romans. On each occasion the Persian's held the advantage of the choice of battlefield and of a defensive position but Alexander's companion cavalry was just too good. The centre and the left of his army always acted as a defensive sponge while the right smashed everything that it came across. A huge respect also goes to his Silver Shields/Hypasipist and the underrated Agrianians for their support.

[@naiad5043]

Hammer + Anvil and boom 🤡

[@naiad5043]

@@antonionotmyrealnamo6333 Cannae wasn't a suited battleground for Hannibal, it was perfect for infantry

[@BOSIE321]

@@antonionotmyrealnamo6333 Yeah Hannibal is my favorite tactician of all time and I love his thinking but his strategy in Italy was more: 'I pick the battlefield or the moment to attack not my enemies'. Alexander against the Persians was more like: 'i'll beat you on the ground of your choice, any time'.

[@naiad5043]

@@antonionotmyrealnamo6333 'novel tactic' :)

[@klaudioabazi4478]

Awesome seeing how much understanding you all have from ancient warfare. These videos are interesting and educational as well. Keep up the good work bros.

[@paulstephensia1412]

The Battle of Issus was one of my favorite battles in ancient history thanks for this wonderful Christmas present.

[@guibaterasoad]

This series is very illuminating on how a great man is made. Inheritance, courage, and A LOT of lucky.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@ZergleJerk]

And massive iron balls. Which, while similar, is different than courage.

[@Canadian_Zac]

A HEALTHY dose of luck is required for any good general

[@ancientsitesgirl]

I was recently in Termessos and Myra! This campaign of Alexander is one of the most important chapters in the history of these cities! What a character! Thanks for the video about antiquity! ❤

[@denizonder6395]

From Turkey Welcome glad you like it

[@ancientsitesgirl]

@@denizonder6395 I love Turkey, I'm coming back next year!

[@denizonder6395]

@@ancientsitesgirl Don't forget to visit the Ruins of Issus the next time you come, because it's from Alexander the Great.

[@ancientsitesgirl]

@@denizonder6395 I would like to film the ancient sites associated with Alexander the Great... from Pella to India!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@HistoryOfRevolutions]

"He who is not contented with what he has, would not be contented with what he would like to have" - Socrates

[@midweekcentaur1050]

@@josecipriano3048 not even then. He was planning on just building a new one.

[@tchingis14]

I still remember when I first read the accounts of Alexander's conquests. I was really impressed with both his military genius and personal bravery. What a man! Many thanks to the channel for this HQ content!

[@jeffagain7516]

In addition to being a military genius, Alexander certainly seemed to enjoy significant episodes of luck, be it destiny, fortune, fate, call it what you will but instances such as the timely death of Memnon, certainly made Alexander's inevitable success(es) all the more incredible. Considering even Julius Caesar felt in awe of the man, says much of the impact he held on history. Descendant of Achilles? Yeah, I'll buy that.

[@resentfuldragon]

Almost every great leader in history had amazing lucky moments, regardless of how smart or prepared.

[@vasileiospapazoglou2362]

do you know whats the diffrence between great men and legendary men they have just one difference LUCK.

[@steviechampagne]

Every man ever born onto the earth has had his Destiny. But only a FEW select men, are ever able to change their Destiny. Alexander the Great was perhaps the man who was most able to change his Destiny.

[@angusyang5917]

Alexander was descended from Achilles and Heracles, or at least he was in the eyes of Greek mythology. His mom Olympias was from the Aeacid dynasty of Epirus, who claimed descent from Neoptolemus, son of Achilles, while his dad Philip II was from the Argead dynasty of Macedon, a descendant of Heracles by one of fifty daughters who he bedded in a single night.

[@manu1434u]

The only luck is what enemies had for Alexander died at age 32

[@mohammedhussain798]

Always love to see videos about Alexander the great. He was a master military commander. His manoeuvre at the battle of Gaugemela, alongside the companion cavalry was masterfully constructed.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@mokarokas-2138]

@@Universal.. - Stop the propaganda spam, you tool.

[@Universal..]

@@mokarokas-2138 I do not say my propaganda because my sources are drawn by the most recognized Historians (etc) in the Worlds! (THUCYDIDES, THEODOR MOMMSEN ETC) And my sources are not even Albanian but GREEK, German etc...

[@martinpoldma6393]

Thanks!

[@APinchOfHistory]

Alexander is one of my favourites. Thanks for another wonderful video, I'll also have to finally make some videos on him!

[@LakshmiPraveenDiaries]

what about Cyrus II and Darius I???

[@Mythical.History]

@@LakshmiPraveenDiaries There were also great Emperors! Especially Cyrus II!

[@APinchOfHistory]

@@LakshmiPraveenDiaries They are great too, actually!

[@Universal..]

By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@kynandecoster3752]

I'm a small time writer and I'm still honing my craft but when I feel ready, I want to do a series about Philllip and Alexander all the way until his death. The size and epicness of A Song of Ice and Fire with the emotion and sense of history like the great series on television.

[@aransin167]

Hope you give it your all and it really takes off!

[@game_boyd1644]

Personally far more interested in what happens after their deaths. The wars of the Diadochi, to me, truly exemplify that ASOIAF spirit in history

[@QaribArcadia]

Finally been waiting for this one. This was the first time Alexander faced Darius and his army and defeated him 👀

[@burtreynolds8030]

I really like that you use statue heads for significant people, I’ve seen it in other series’ of yours and it’s a great touch!

[@al3x4nderthegreat80]

Best Christmas present we could hope for. Thank you!!

[@robbabcock_]

Awesome video! I'm especially fascinated by the battles of Alexander the Great. Truly he was the greatest general in history.

[@augusthoyt8447]

Have always loved this channel! These videos are much better than other history channels that I have seen. Each series that comes out is more intriguing than the last! Keep up the good work!

[@claytonhoyt7748]

Hallo

[@theawesomeman9821]

It always astonishes me how Alexander was able to conquer most of the world with tiny Greece. It would be like if Cuba was able to conquer the US. Such a compaign would take military brilliance.

[@nastenastevski8565]

Not tiny greece,but Macedonia!

[@theawesomeman9821]

@@nastenastevski8565 Isn't Macedonia part of Greece? A lot of Greek nationalists say so

[@dimitriskouimtsidis2839]

@@theawesomeman9821 Macedonia is Greece. It has nothing to do with Greek nationalists, it's just history. The country north of Greece called North Macedonia is Slavic, they're more similar to Bulgarians than they are to ancient Macedonians.

[@theawesomeman9821]

@@dimitriskouimtsidis2839 ok cool

[@gornichevo]

@@dimitriskouimtsidis2839 Greece never in its history controlled one inch of Macedonia until 1913. Read Balkan wars. Stop with the fake news

[@ManpreetSingh-it3ij]

Never would the world ever see such a person who ushered in an era of incredible cultural interactions and a man who became the epitome of glory. Truly Megas Alexandros. Sadly his sarcophagus remains a mystery 😔

[@gursimarsingh5505]

I need an episode on Maharaja Ranjit Singh ji. He deserves one.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@gursimarsingh5505]

@@Universal.. very cool.

[@angelostriandos6659]

Nice Christmas gift ! Battle of Issus is a proto variant of Gaugamela which was the masterpiece !

[@NPGAadam]

There are many interesting facts about this battle: - As Arrian tells, Alexander made the army advance and stop repeatedly at least 3 times near the battlefield hoping the Persians would charge first. He knew that the phalanx would break formation after crossing the river and that happened. - The two versions of this battle are quite different but one thing did happened from both: the center was on the verge of collapsing - To give the Persians some credit, they did quite a good job. The river did hindered the phalanx movement and they concentrated the whole cavalry at the beach (though this was Darius' last minute decision) where the flat terrain would make the charge go down without trouble. - To counter this (and the video didn't tell completely) Alexander moved the Tessalian cavalry to his left *but* with the orders of dismounting and going unnoticed behind the phalanx, so they would halt the momentum of the Persian cavalry charge by surprise and save precious hours - Alexander was stabbed in his thigh by Darius' guard, if the mosaic from Pompey were to be complete, there should be blood - Alexander was a short man. There are actually several anecdotes from this which Alexander apparently didn't mind at all. Here Darius' mother and wife knelt before Hephastion who was taller and more handsome than the Macedonian king. Alexander simply smiled and said: You're not wrong at all, He's also Alexander.

[@MarvoloSalazar]

I have a feeling he might not have been amused were it anyone else that they knelt too. After all Hephastion was probably his closest companion. I can picture them having a laugh about that after that incident

[@ykardasis]

Another excellent documentary by Kings and Generals, thank you very much people!

[@gigantorize]

Of particular interest in my own research of ancient history concerning Alexander the Great was his close encounter with a tribe of 'Triballians', one of many invading mighty and prodigious Celtic hordes of 335 BC on the Danube River. Ancient Greek historians, Arrian and Diodorus speak of the Celtics unusual size. Arrian mentions their stature in his report on Alexander's meeting with them. This happened after the Macedonian king burned down a town of the 'Getae' on the great river. Hoping to persuade Alexander against further attacks, 'Syrmus', king of the afore mentioned Celts, along with some other independent tribes along that river as well as Celts from around the Adriatic Sea, sent emissaries to Alexander. These were no ordinary men, however. Arrian wrote that they were, "people of great stature and haughty disposition", but they offered the Greeks their friendship in exchange for peace. After mutual pledges were given and received, he continues, "Alexander asked the Celtic envoys what they were most afraid of in this world, hoping that the power of his own name had got as far as their country, or even further, and that they would answer, "You, my lord." However, he was disappointed; for the Celts, who lived a long way off in country not easy to penetrate, and could see Alexander's expedition was directed elsewhere, replied that their worst fear was that the sky might fall on their heads. Although Alexander thought they were being sarcastic, it seems likely that as with other ancient peoples, these Celts actually believed that the sky once collapsed. None the less, Alexander concluded an alliance of friendship with them and sent them home, merely remarking, under his breath that the Celts thought too much of themselves. - Arrian, "The Campaigns of Alexander", Dorset Press, 1986, pp 48-49.

[@brennenpoffenroth4196]

Is there a realistic reason why the Celts believed that the sky had fallen before?

[@antgonz4436]

Celtics?

[@mikespearwood3914]

@@antgonz4436 He's referring to a US basketball team. That explains their unusual size!

[@brennenpoffenroth4196]

@@chideraalexanderdex547 Upon further reading it's likely there was a cataclysmic comet that ravaged southern Bavaria roughly 3000 years ago. It was a terrible event that caused firestorms and created lakes that still exist today, which likely spread from the Germanic tribes to the Gauls, Celts and Dacians. It's also speculated that's what drove the Celts to migrate so far across Europe and Asia Minor.

[@ZergleJerk]

@@brennenpoffenroth4196 On top of the Comet thing, Celtic religion (or what we know of it.) was wild and varied greatly from tribe to tribe. In Britain they believed that at any point in time the "Sea People" could return and wreck all of Britain. And The Sea People were described much like Greek Cyclops (Cyclopsi? Cyclopses? Whatever multiple Cyclops are.) Or at least the original leader was.

[@pog-ify9738]

Such a coincidence where I just finished watching documentaries about Hellenistic Kingdoms and then Kings and Generals immediately posted a video for Alexander the Great.

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Kings and Generals sure knows what we want for Christmas.

[@brokenbridge6316]

An excellent documentary. I really enjoy hearing about Alexander The Great's military exploits. Can't wait for the siege of Tyre. I heard that was a particularly interesting one.

[@PYRESATVARANASI]

Memnon was so close... He burnt to brightly in the Sun. Great video 👍🏼♥️.

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

@@Universal...................... blaa--bla ................. drn--drn .

[@JC-mx9su]

I learn little about Alexander the Great, when you are covering the episode about him. I learn a lot about Alexander The Great from you. I am a fan from The Philippines and love your videos.

[@AdeToz]

Been waiting for this. Thank you

[@penultimateh766]

"Whatever you accomplish in life, Alexander the Great will always have done more than you, better than you, faster than you"....Mike Duncan....

[@penultimateh766]

@@josecipriano3048 Whoa! Triggered much? Daddy didn't give you his Chevy?

[@jtarchitecture8939]

Thank you K's&G's for all these great videos, these on Alexander have been very enlightening. Keep up the great work!

[@omarzkietero5699]

As a survivor of super typhoon Rai, I need something to stress out. Oh man 1 to 2 months of no electricity they say. Here in the 5th floor of the hospital I worked looking for a signal in order to use the internet. Luckily, I have a signal. I'm longing for something to cheer up. There you go, KINGS And GENERALS release a new content about my boy Alexander the great!. Thanks for uploading this. Made me forget the disaster encountered last week and help me move forward and rebuild my home.

[@xXScarkillerXx]

Love these videos so much. Very grateful to have such amazing and caring people work on our history. Thankyou Kings and Generals.

[@Annihilatr_]

was literally waiting for this!

[@zombiekillaps3396]

I heard about this battle from two very renowned german history professors. Lars Eric Paulsen and Florentin David Pascal Will. The best in their field.

[@MtOlympus_77]

Alexander was one of the greatest. Those 1,000 Greek mercenaries after Alexander won the battle what ever was left of the 1,000 Greek mercenaries Alexander killed all of them for betrayal.

[@MDP1702]

which is kind of stupid, Macedonia forcefully subjugated the Greek states and then expected their citizens to be loyal subjects? Especially considering these were literally mercenaries for hire and might even have fought other greeks anyway in Greece in older timeperiods, they don't seem to be traitors whatsoever. This honestly is something you'd expect a great leader not to do. You'd give them a choice to either fight on his side or go home/buy their freedom without their weapons and armour. Maybe brand them so that if they resist you again, then you execute them. It could be a strategy to persuade Greek mercenaries not to join the Persians, however considering there were only 1000 Greek mercenaries now, it doesn't seem to be such a big problem, not to mention that any Greek mercenaries on Persian side would likely just fight to the death in the future instead of surrendering. Ofcourse if he executed every captive soldier the same way, it is something different (though not much better).

[@omarbradley6807]

@@MDP1702 Well the Greeks treated the Macedonians as the worst kinds of people, Macedonia defended itself and subjugated them, but the Macedonians were ruthless with the Greeks for those issues, that was the difference with the Persians who were considered a natural enemy by the Makedons, and not as opressors like the Greeks in the past.

[@karaiskakis5172]

@@MDP1702 Macedonia was Greek is Greek and will always be Greek .

[@MDP1702]

@@karaiskakis5172 Macedonia wasn't Greek in the past.

[@KiNGGAMESgr]

@@MDP1702 It was , but everyone on the internet became a historian and claims otherwise , mainly turks when it comes to that matter , with their main source being ... anti-greek propaganda articles claimming that those slavs in the north are the og macedonians hahaha .

[@ronniecoleman2342]

I love these kings and Generals videos. They are so well done and hold nothing back. Well done.

[@Tyler_3]

LETS GOOOOOOOO Alexander the great used manscaped confirmed. I knew it. Thessalian cavalry fighting hard and outnumbered on Parmenions flank. Wonder if we'll see that again...........

[@christermi]

Battle of Gaugamela will come.

[@VinniePedi]

This has always been my favorite battle of Alexander's great campaign. Many thanks!

[@vectorstrike]

14:13 Legends tell of the soldier named Khaled, a slinger under Alexander. It is said that he was "suffering from success" after being so good at his job that the raiding force sent by Darius chose to fight at the other side of the battleline and almost crushed Parmenion's forces - as far as possible from the fearsome Khaled.

[@handsofrand6660]

Rufus' account states that during the counter-skirmishing action, Khaled was seeing felling men and horses left and right with a flurry of stones, crying out "Another one! Another one! Another one!" as they dropped dead

[@BarthelemyLesaint]

LOVE the fact you give us different historical point of view of the same battle... Brilliant !

[@omarbradley6807]

I liked this video a lot, especially the emphasis on who was who in the Macedonian ranks, and of course it's distrust of revisionist sources like those ancient numbers, and giving a much more likely number of Persians. Memnon death was important, but he died while Mylete still on Macedonian hands. And the siege was abandoned. Another sure thing is how corrupt the Persian Empire was by the times of Darius III, just as Artaxerxes III fought so hard to rectify, with the assassination of Artaxerxes IV, Darius III was more a pawn of Bagoas and the corrupt satraps and aristocracy, this had it's consequences, the first by disavowing Memnon but also how his satraps and councelors acted against each other, while Darius was brave but not so great as someone to be in command.

[@stanleyyelnats4524]

yes, unfortunatly the empire slowly declined after the times of Cyrus, Xerxes, Darius the great. Its the case with most empires if not all empires i think

[@thanoskoumpanis9699]

What a great video!!! This channel is gold!!!!!

[@samuellennon1984]

Memnon was truly one of the few generals that could have changed history. Had he not 'suddenly died' (*cough* poisoned by Alexander *cough*) he very likely could have beaten Alexander at his own game. One of the few that could have. By the Time Alexander conquered Persia, no one could have stopped him. He was too experienced by that point. If he had not died, he would've conquered the world.

[@markjackson1970]

I like the channel. These work so much better for me as 30 minute videos. I can’t sit and watch a 1-2 hour documentary unless it’s REALLY good

[@terry7907]

The units of the phalanx (taxis) are generally translated as battalions, not brigades, as brigades are composite forces, not pure, single arm, organic units.

[@markstockford9109]

That crunching noise gives me gooseflesh!

[@AemondOneEye]

Great video for one of the most interesting ancient battles. It goes to show how great was Alexander's ability to give out orders and make extremely crucial tactical decisions IN-BATTLE and under huge pressure while at the same time taking part in the fighting itself, right there on the front line with the soldiers. Few if any other military leaders of antiquity were capable of this. The fact that latter hellenistic monarchs were too focused on trying to imitate Alexander and preferred to play soldier rather than actually commanding the army was as decisive a factor for their defeats against the Romans as the legion's superiority over the phalanx. P.S. Parmenion and the Thessalians deserve a great deal of the credit too. Despite being badly outnumbered, they held long enough to prevent the Persian cavalry from playing a decisive role in the battle. Really a testament to their training.

[@georgioszafiris4982]

its like a pleasent christmas gift from kings and gens , this video. thank you!!!! merry christmas

[@nadershah5196]

Fun fact in Persian literature(mainly Shahname) Alexander is named Gojestak which mean damned one and it's a pretty bad insult to use

[@nadershah5196]

@@rashnuofthegoldenscales4512 I agree the guy littery invaded and killed tens of thousands of people for his own glory

[@Liquidsback]

@@rashnuofthegoldenscales4512 Alexander did the conquering but Seleucus and Ptolemy would set up the ruling.

[@benitohermano4595]

Came here from your KZbin shorts Best decision you have done so far(for me lol) Good job! Never would've found this thanks to that random algorithm in YT shorts P.S. Nope, i wasn't watching anything related to your content, I have no idea YT shorts algo works, but it occasionally recommends channels unralated to anything i watch

[@KingsandGenerals]

That it is the dream :-)

[@jamesotayza2230]

According to experts, Darius lost the Battle of Issus because he was not Manscaped.

[@Lp-army1]

According to sources darius could've saved the gold left behind if he used honey

[@BloodyCrow__]

Darius didn't notice his left flank collapsing because he was too busy playing RAID SHADOW LEGENDS.

[@jonny-b4954]

3:57 I liked how you showed the supposed Gordion Knot caretakers disgust and flabbergasted in the background. I always thought to myself, while a lot people probably got a chuckle out of Alexander just hacking the knot instead of untying it, there were surely people, like the caretakers who were forever anti-Alexander and probably thought very little of him because of it. Just an interesting thing to wonder about.

[@LakshmiPraveenDiaries]

I have been waiting for this video for long time!!!

[@superduperdog-f9k]

Epic recaputalation of the histrorical events as given by the historians. The psychology behind these events is also very interesting.

[@rabidspatula1013]

I just saw the first error I ever saw in a K&G video: Bucephalus is universally described as black, not white. But this is so small. Love the channel and the hard work you guys do! Keep it up :D

[@omerfaruk6082]

Alexander is always incredible and thank you for producing this perfect video.

[@KingExituS]

One of the first battles in history were the cavalry alone changed the course of the battle! The companion cavalry was highly mobile and heavily armoured, a lethal combination!

[@cichlid9626]

Actually persians and macedonian greeks were the 1st that used heavy shock cavalry in history

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

M A C E D O N I A N S 25 CENTURIES from KING PHILIP ! ! !

[@FreeFallingAir]

I will consider this my Christmas gift! Thanks! Cannot wait for the siege of Tyre!

[@CaesarSonOfMars]

Memnon suddenly falls ill and dies Me: Mmmmnnnn a perfectly healthy man miraculously falls ill the moment he's messing up Alexander's campaign what are the chances?

[@huseyincobanoglu531]

Great documentary. Thank you Kings & Generals Team!

[@iliasfilip2110]

I have a question. Why is there a distinction between Macedonians and other Greeks? Since the former are Greeks as well I don't understand it.

[@alessandrofrioli6978]

This is the best channel about strategy and ancient times.

[@al-muwaffaq341]

Do we know how tall Alexander was? I’ve heard that he was 5’0 and if that’s true his conquests are even more impressive 😭

[@KingsandGenerals]

I have seen numbers around 5'5. In general, people were shorter back then

[@ajithsidhu7183]

@@KingsandGenerals please do on king Porus please

[@ajithsidhu7183]

@@KingsandGenerals on his biography etc

[@anirudh177]

@@ajithsidhu7183 wasn't an important person, he was pretty insignificant.

[@ajithsidhu7183]

@@anirudh177 but a hardly talked subject and curious of it

[@Numba003]

I'm loving this Alexander series guys! Thank you! Stay well out there everybody, and God bless you friends! :)

[@dioklis888]

My favourite moment from my ancestor, Alexander,was when he fought tribalians,they were on the top of a mountain,they were throwing rocks,big rocks to the phallanx.Alexander and his army was afraid until they reached the top of the mountain through the road that was there,that lead to the top.When they shaw the triballians they screamed at them and run to spear them because they had no more rocks to throw.And what did triballians did? Run run and run.I laughed much at that point.Macedonians caught them though.Another favourite moment is when wife of Darius mistakes Alexander with his crew member,Hefestion.Also the last one is when Darius run off in the middle of the fight.The king of kings,he thought he was,have the asian people slaves.Glad he shaw a strongwilled Greek warrior wouldn't let this happend.Greetings friends and nice video🙋🇬🇷

[@davidkardos2794]

What a good gift for Christmas ! Thank you guys !

[@AltSchwiftSiberia]

Happy Holidays, KnG. Thanks for what you do.

[@WizardsandWarriors]

Fantasy Battles, who wants fantasy battles?

[@holyfreak86]

Nírnaeth Arnoediad!!

[@PYRESATVARANASI]

I just hope you guys cover the Battle of Dale, that continued even days after the destruction of the One Ring, and the Fall of Sauron.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Here it is, btw: kzbin.info/www/bejne/fmnae2qfp5iWn5o

[@pouyamori3861]

@@KingsandGenerals persians and other arians like medes and parthians were famous for being tall

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@kevns2148]

Very well put together! The 2nd version of the battle seems more likely to have taken place.

[@theawesomeman9821]

I kinda wish we could grab military geniuses out of their timelines and pit them against each other in a fair fight. A battle between Alexander the Great and Hannibal Barca would be impressive.

[@mirzubair8291]

you know that Hannibal fought for carthage not for glory and wealth like Alexander. Most likely Hannibal would decline because he will not attack anyone unless he is a threat to carthage.

[@dragooll2023]

Battles between two competent figures end up becoming an boring and tedious affair, a war of attrition and skirmishes. Look at Caesar's campaign at Greece, Hannibal's campaign in southern Italy after Cannae, the era of the Three Kingdoms, Gustavus Adolphus campaign agaisn't Wallenstein and the Sengoku era if you want to know what i'm talking about.

[@theawesomeman9821]

@@dragooll2023 I'm talking about pitting two figures against each other on a hypothetical battlefield where the only way out is by fighting to the death

[@dragooll2023]

@@theawesomeman9821 Caesar at Illerda comes into my mind

[@theawesomeman9821]

@@dragooll2023 cool

[@v1ncent702]

Your channel and History Marche are the two channels I needed to end this year off on a strong note. History amazes me and the way you guys make your videos is fire. If they’re are other channels y’all would recommend please do send them my way. I don’t care about the amount of subscribers either.

[@jimmypanag5493]

Alexander the Great the most famous greek of all time

[@alexandrebenoin40]

Except I wasn’t really Greek .... more Macedonian

[@jimmypanag5493]

@@alexandrebenoin40 Macedonians are also greek

[@alexandrebenoin40]

@@jimmypanag5493that’s why point of view yes, Greek has various definition

[@jimmypanag5493]

@@alexandrebenoin40 But the point of view of view of your english isnt any good!

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

@@jimmypanag5493 MACEDONIANS ARE MACEDONIANS. ~ fly @ fly ~ .

[@fabiomarra7828]

Great Stuff! Please continue this wonderful work!!!!

[@Erik3E]

Pause at 1:23

[@ap6480]

Nice.

[@stephensmith6417]

Excellent breakdown of the battle. Keep them coming can’t wait for the next one’s.

[@leonidaspj9274]

Alexander , the Greatest of the Greeks.

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

ALEXANDER IS MACEDONIAN. CHEERS ! !

[@leonidaspj9274]

@@tatjanavelkova5814 Of course he was Macedonian. As King Leonidas was Spartian. As Socrates was Athenian. All of them were Greeks. Cheers and kisses to you! 💋

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

ALL KINGS and TSARS in MAKEDONIJA -- M A C E D O N I A N S ! ! !

[@leonidaspj9274]

@@tatjanavelkova5814 Hahahaha. Ok ok. Go take your pills now and sleep well.

[@kathyong405]

Amazing again!!! That truly is appreciated talk to many people in San Francisco at the café is people over work

[@Angrenost02]

DM: "Charidemus, the Persian councilors have convinced Darius that your plan was way to risky" Charidemus: "Those Persians are cowards and idiots! I want to try again and persuade Darius that my plan is actually the best ever!" DM: "Alright, roll Diplomacy." Charidemus: *rolls natural 1" DM: 6:39

[@ageingviking5587]

Good stuff Ks and Gs . Thank you.

[@lerneanlion]

Addicted to war, Alexander is. In the end, arrogance to be treated as an equal to the deities became his undoing. P.S: Merry Christmas to the team of the Kings and Generals' channel!

[@XReacts5]

Dude i love your videos on alexander the great! keep making them.

[@hernancortesfranciscopizar7916]

When hellenistic greece used to ruled the world, long life to you, greek history is so interesting

[@ΗκαλήΧαμογελαστή]

Thank you 🇪🇸❤️🇬🇷

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

MAKEDONIJA 25 CENTURIES ! ! Greece 190 years.

[@abduljabbarkhan275]

You truly present history in historical style. Even a lay man comes to know that it is historian's speech.

[@brainflash1]

"Suddenly fell ill" my ass. We all know Memnon was slain by the Scorpion King. I saw the documentary!

[@eynar14649]

Finally I got the notification I had been waiting for! Thank you K&G

[@SubatomicParticleX]

Fun fact: The mosaic named "The battle of issus" is the most accurate depiction of Alexander which was far away from what Hollywood did create.

[@AB-fr2ei]

The mosaic lacked his heterochromia

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = By the way the Ancient Macedonians are Barbaros (= Not Greeks) BASICALLY. The Macedonian aristocracy just Hellenized (Adopted the Greek culture) their people (Macedonian), because the Hellenic culture was the most popular like the English of today. Historical facts = Strabo (63 BC) tells us that Illyrians, Thracians, Bottians and Thesprotes shared the Macedonian territory (Tribes of Pelasgian origin 🇦🇱 ). Source: (Strabo, VII, Frg .n°.11) The Macedonians have just propagated the Hellenic culture and have adopted it little by little ... The ancient authors called the Macedonians Barbaros/non-Greeks... For example the great Thucydides... Example : Thucydides 📜 (II, 80- IV, 126) who qualified of Barbaros (not Greek) the MACEDONIANS, Thesprotes, Molosses, Châones Atintanes, Paravaiens, Orestiens etc! Moreover it is not the only one, far from there ....

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = Olympias, the mother of Alexander the Great. But who was this woman who is said to have astonished the Macedonian king with her beauty ? I will write based only on facts, that is, on the quotes of famous ancient authors, mainly Greek. ( For me there is one thing in history, which with the facts are not said ... ) According to Plutarch, Alexander was a descendant of Ajax through his father Neoptolemos and this is accepted without discussion. According to Justin, Philip married Olympias, daughter of Neoptolemos, king of the Molosses. All the authors thus agree on the fact that Alexander the Great was the grandson of a Molossian. For those who do not know this tribe (the Molossians), who were they, what territory did they occupy and how were they considered by the ancient authors ? Let us stop for a moment to know more about the tribe of the Molossians from which the mother of Alexander the Great came. To make it simple, the tribe of Molossians is in Epirus somewhere in the region of Chamerie on the back of Thesprotians who dominated the coastal part. In addition to this, the Kaons who were in the south of present-day Albania and who constituted three of the great tribes of Epirus. Historically, tribes like the Molossians or others who composed Epirus like the Kaons, the Thesprotians, the Paraue, the Antintans and others, are historically linked to the Illyrian (🇦🇱) culture or to a part of it. As Thucydides tells us about the events of the Peloponnesian War that involved both actually in reality Illyrians and Illyria itself, these tribes were commonly considered barbarian (non-Greek) tribes. Thucydides: - "Among the barbarians there were about 1,000 Kaons who ruled without a king. Along with the Kaons, the Thesprotians also participated and were also ruled without a king. There were also the MOLOSSIANS, the Atintants and the Paraues. ( HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR ) All these tribes, mentioned by the historian of Athenian origin Thucydides for their participation in the famous Peloponnesian war in the 5th century B.C., are considered as barbarians, therefore not Greek! ( Thucydides II, 80- IV, 126 ) The Kaons, the Thesprotians of Chamerie, the Arintans and the Parauets constitute the backbone of what one called Epirus. Among them are of course the Molossians where are the roots of the family of the mother of Alexander the Great ! And Thucydides is not the only source which defines the Epirotes as non-Greeks. There are many others! According to the encyclopedia Basic Antiquity, composed of 86 volumes... Pauly Wissowa the Real "Encyclopedia Alterumswissenschaft" says that the Epirotes are of Illyrian origin 🇦🇱 and have strong links with the population of southern Italy! More concise on the issue, the only Nobel Prize in history 🎓 is none other than Theodor Mommsen author of the cycle "Corpus of Antiquity inscriptions" which says that: - "the brave Epirotes, the Albanians 🇦🇱 of antiquity supported with traditional loyalty the young and brave Pyrrhus or "the Eagle" as they called him " . Let us point out on this subject that the Albanians name themselves "Shqiptar", that is to say "sons or children of the eagle". The soldiers of Pyrrhus (3rd century BC / Epirote King), called their King "the Eagle" and that the latter retroqued them one day that they were his "children", so the Albanians are the children of the Eagle ... "Shqiptar = child of the Eagle .... " . (Pyrrhus was the cousin of Alexander the Great, of the Molossian tribe and himself an ambitious conqueror, Pyrrhus is one of the most formidable adversaries of the early days of ancient Rome). Lorenzo Braccesi (Professor of Greek History at the University of Venice, Italy, in 1986) tells us: - "Olympias was originally from Epirus, on the part of the father who was king of Epirus, on the part of the mother also and that Illyrian blood 🇦🇱 circulated in the family, there is no doubt. " ( 9,01- 9,15 . The true story of Alexander the great ... - Gjurmë Shqiptare ) That the Epirotes are or are not Illyrians is a discussion that, from an archaeological point of view, is resolved. The Epirotes and the Illyrians have the same culture, if we consider the Iron Age, the use of tombs, fortifications with several rows of walls, their material culture, the shape of the pots or the ornaments which are identical to those of Korça (current Albania) and religion. Not only ancient authors like Thucydides, Strabo and others have called the Epirotic tribes barbarians (non-Greek) but also later serious publications based on documents and archaeological findings point out the same thing. The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and the sister . The Molosses, were one of the Illyrian tribes of Epirus from where came the mother of Alexander the Great Olympias daughter of the king and sister of another well known Illyrian prince "Alexander the Molossus". I believe that all or part of the strong character of Alexander comes exactly from his mother, from the house that also gave birth to Pyrrhus. The powerful role of women in Illyrian society has been documented by many authors, including those who today identify themselves as Greeks, such as Athenaeus and Theompope. Olympias' influence on her son Alexander was so great. She believed that her son had divine blood and that he was born to rule the greatest kingdom of all time. But the mother's family was not the only Illyrian family to which Alexander was affiliated, his link with the Illyrians was stronger than that!

[@Universal..]

Historical facts = The family of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great. This last, according to the data, had a Macedonian father, but not his mother. She was called Eurydice and came from the tribe of "Lyncestides". Who was the grandmother on the side of the father of Alexander the Great? The mother of Philip is the daughter of the daughter Of Arrhabaeus, daughter of king Sirras, says Strabo. Plutarch is very detailed on this subject. He insists that although Eurydice is Illyrian (🇦🇱) and barbarian in every sense of the word, she was educated to help children. He says very clearly that she is Illyrian, and barbaric in every way. (Plutarch, De liberis educandis. p.69) Lyncestides from where came the mother of Philip II, were a tribe which extended not far from the lake of Ohrid, somewhere in the area of Manastir where the ruins of one of their most important cities are today. (Illyrian, no doubt. It is the last province that has a border with Macedonia) As for whether it was an Illyrian tribe, this is clearly proven by ancient historians and geographers, including Titus Livy, Strabo, as well as Pliny who lists many in detail in the fourth book of the collection of 37 works entitled "Natural History", not to mention the great ancient geographer "Claudius Ptolemy" who also classifies the Lyncestrae among the Illyrian (🇦🇱) tribes . And the later authors have the same attitude since on several occasions, they mention Eurydice, the mother of Philip II and the grandmother of Alexander, as being illyrian etc... Here is what Demosthene says to us about Philip II of Macedonia (father of Alexander the Great): - "And yet, as regards Philip and his conduct, they do not feel that, although he is not Greek and that he is not related at all to the Greeks..." Source : (The Third Philippic) By Demosthenes (384-322 BC)

[@Universal..]

@@kristis61 Albanians (🇦🇱) have nothing to do with Slavs. There are many historians (etc) who claim the Illyrian (Albanian/Pelasgians) origin of Alexander the Great. Example: Wadham Peacock : - The men who marched to Babylon, Persia and India were the ancestors of the Albanians ... " Source : (Book: The Wild Albanian 1913 .) John Shea : "... Greek culture and history had a Pelasgian, and therefore an "Albanian" origin ... Let it be known - announced Kristo Daco - that Philip and his son Alexander the Great as well as all the Macedonians were not Greeks, but the forefathers of the Albanians " Source : (Macedonia and Greece: The Struggle to Define a New Balkan Nation) Cleanthes Nicolaïdes : "All the Hero's of Troy were Albanians and also Alexander the Great ... and many more great people of ancient world who were called Greeks in the wrong way... " Source : (Publisher: Berlin, J. Räde, 1899. Etc...

[@CosmicCoyote12345]

One of the best history channel in youtube

[@tigersharkwoo]

Darius was a great general, its sad that he faced someone greater.

[@mirzubair8291]

Darius was a fool if not a outright waste of a general who killed a general that knows how to fight Alexzander he will always be a the bottom of the worst and weak general in my books.

[@mirzubair8291]

@JZ's Best Friend so I am right Darius was a waste heck even waste is far more valuable then him. Rather then listening to what the Greek mercenary told to him he just outright killed him. Again didn't expect much from Iranians they always got their butts handed to them

[@Sakkura1]

2:29 Lycia is pronounced with a hard c, ie. "Lykia" rather than "Lysia" - in fact it's spelled Lykia in Greek.

[@colinandrew89]

Love this series ! Thank you sir!

[@animeyahallo3887]

This Alexander guy is very good in leading his army. Having a 2nd in command like Parmenion is great. I wonder what he will do to him in the future..... oh wait.

[@anirudh177]

lmao