Sleep (Cycle, EEG Waveforms, Pathology)

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My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE.
These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.)
For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice.
Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised.
Opinions are entirely my own.

[@hannahroth5788]

The sigh of relief when you find a dirty medicine video for a topic you need to study

[@docnotpop]

I would also point out that nightmares happen during REM sleep. I've come across this before on questions.

[@georgenaratadam3803]

Same I got that question wrong. Mixed it up with night terrors.

[@fereshtahkhoshbakht1999]

I also did wrong this question in uworld 🙁

[@Ifeany1]

@@georgenaratadam3803 whats the difference between nightmares and night terrors and where does night terrors appear?

[@jesusfranco2099]

@@Ifeany1 You can remember nightmares (happen in REM sleep). You cant usually remember night terrors and they happen during N3 (sleep walking happens during this stage as well.

[@43prithiramesh15]

Thank you for your comment

[@SS-xu4lt]

to remember K complex and Sleep Spindle is N2 [it takes '2' to "KiSS"] (also note that kissing involves mouth and hence teeth=Teeth grinding) to remember N3 symptoms ['N3' you let out your 'pee'] (bed wetting) [Now since you memorized bedwetting from 'pee' = 'Terror' you are a 'bedwettor'](night terror) ['N3' go walk you are free] (sleep walking) To remember Delta wave in N3 [with a group of 3 you can give them the "D" (sexual reference)

[@candyflossz099]

best comment award thanks for the tips! (And thanks for the humour

[@xx7Piano7xx]

Mnemonic I use for the EEG waveforms is BATS Drink Blood, hope that helps someone haha. Love this channel SOOOOO MUCH!!

[@zurabkhutsishvili846]

HI DIRTY MED. I WANT TO SAY , THANK YOU ! I GOT MY STEP SCORE 275 , REASON IS YOUR VIDEOS !! ABSOLUTELY HIGH-YIELD !

[@valarmorghulis364]

Always..always my favorite medical school channel!!

[@kyleseljaas8584]

Got a UWORLD question where you had to connect muscle paralysis to REM sleep and REM sleep to the stage where nightmares occur. Nightmares are different than sleep terrors which occur in stage 3.

[@burje5408]

And in nightmare the brain 🧠 uses a lot O2.

[@josephhirmiz468]

I had that exact question last night lol

[@krutikpatel1330]

came here for same reason

[@DeepakKumar-ub9zx]

nightmares can be remembered whereas nightterrors cannot be remembered also nightmares are seen in REM sleep . there is Locus ceruleus mediated paralysis in REM sleep

[@javiermartinez2852]

So pumped for this video!!! Love your work man, thank you for everything that you do!

[@kanizislam9718]

Thank you so much for the sleep cycle video. I just had UWORLD question on narcolepsy and you have clear the topic for me.

[@VyvienneEaux]

Just when I needed this video! This was the last thing I needed to study before my test.

[@Salam_1965]

This is an outstanding presentation. Just a minor correction OSAS occurs more in REM sleep due to muscle atonia which affect the throat and breathing muscles Except the diaphragm. After each Apnic event there is a brain arousal then going back to sleep via N1. So sleep apnea increases N1. Thank you for your efforts and teaching

[@aprilgreen3693]

Love your work man, thank you for everything

[@TheFixerfly]

Clear and comprehensive, love it!

[@hatemauda]

Obstructive sleep apnea increases in REM due to atonia and increase oxygen demand.

[@nurlandav6356]

i,m also confused with this. In UW OSA increases in REM< but here is in N1.

[@Salam_1965]

OSAS increases in REM sleep due to muscle Atonia which affect throat muscles and breathing muscles Except diaphragm. When Apnic event occurs it’s usually followed by brain arousal and then going back to sleep via N1. So Sleep apnea causes increase in N1. I hope this clarify the point.

[@anaos1004]

Everyone should see your videos! If you could, I'd love to see more videos on nephrology and infectious diseases for step 1 💕

[@rexs3026]

Thank you for sharing your knowledge in medicine for free which is very difficult to find. Appreciate your hard work !! God bless

[@l2ebel96]

I'm reviewing high quality videos like this to get that 280+ tomorrow. Thanks for the help!

[@Melynda-uf5cg]

You did a great job explaining. I really enjoyed it!

[@candyflossz099]

This is such an amazing video, including in-depth knowledge and tricks to memorise better!! Thank you

[@thegamingboy-th3cw]

Thank you so much for such a nice conceptual demo

[@nafisak8441]

This channel has been extremely helpful for my exam that I'm preparing for ... Thankyou so much!

[@nouryahalhafez6784]

Thank you for your hard work Thank you so much 🙏🏻💖

[@dr.orderz557]

Best explanation ever !!!! Thank you 🙏🏽

[@Krishna-ub6ij]

It was very informative and easy to remember! Thank you for your efforts!😊

[@shahidumar6978]

Uworld says OSA is a disorder of REM sleep.

[@deborasepulvida]

best yt channel to study for step1

[@drsumitbishnoi]

Very informative thanks for premiering

[@jackt6110]

Another great video, thanks!

[@ninjanoodles22]

Great video, thank you!

[@PS-pr5py]

another HUGE video! Thank you!

[@DirtyMedicine]

Thanks for being a Dirty Medicine member!

[@edkensalexandre7043]

His presentations are sooo engaging. I wonder which application he uses to make these videos. Loving them

[@Itried20takennames]

Another mneumonic: BATS DrinK Blood, or Beta, alpha, theta, spindles, then delta/Ks in N2 (also second word) then back to Beta for B in blood. Google for a better description.

[@kinlam1476]

Delta waves are part of N3. Otherwise, good mnemonic

[@projectgetbetter4354]

Thanks for the amazing video. Helped me memorize a lot of things. Thumbs up!

[@kitkat586]

You are the best!!

[@sonja_nb]

Thank you soooo much for this super useful video!

[@fariyaashrafkazi6185]

Feeling blessed!!😊

[@jeweltanhs2873]

THIS IS SO GOOD

[@alejandroandres959]

Thank you!

[@fatm4403]

Can’t thank you enough ❤❤❤

[@Caffinatedmedic]

Great teacher 👍

[@dheeraj5476]

Best and my fav channel....keep up the great work.... Love from India☺☺

[@OthmanMatar-lp4lt]

Thank you

[@Estheriix]

I had an 8th grade teacher who suffered from Narco. She’d go fast asleep right in the middle of a lesson.

[@maryamsulaiman4801]

This guy is good! Why am I just finding this page out?!

[@pistachiopistachio4941]

Amazing!! Would like to add one more disease associated with sleep called REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder where the patient enacts the dream as atonia is absent. Pt is easily aroused, remembers dream and is transiently confused. It's due to brain stem disorder which fails to inhibit muscle tone.

[@2468ayesha2468]

Great video as usual 👍🏼

[@x0r0xannex0]

thank you Dirty!!!

[@sekhsalmanvlogs1562]

Great video, in this video, i got answer of many competitive mcq questions

[@realS_ogora]

Great video

[@heidirawls2312]

Awesome!

[@ifhamjawaid817]

Love this

[@jabirmohamed5094]

I press like before wathcing just for the CHANNEL name 😂

[@sepidehmortezaee4499]

Thank u so much🙏🏻🙏🏻soo helpful🙏🏻

[@medico6060]

Thanks a lot dirty ! U are amazing ❤

[@pyrexcookin]

for theta waves pathology there's also a higher abundance of theta waves occurring in ADHD patients

[@defacto_8840]

Thanks!

[@deepalitiwari655]

Wow nicely explained thank you

[@fullyexplainedshortmedical5032]

thank you

[@nagaratnamsuthakaran3639]

Thank you very much sir

[@kpa742]

U r the best

[@Itried20takennames]

These are awesome. Your audience is somewhat limited, but otherwise I am sure you would have way more views and likes. Thanks.

[@darrenleung1626]

Tysm for this ❤️💕🥺🥺

[@babel1083]

Very nice 🔥🔥🔥high yield 🔥🔥 thankyou.

[@gerardmoran9560]

Thanks for a great video! I'm neither a clinician nor a student but I've always been intrigued by sleep. Is it your organizational style or am I missing something? I would have thought that REM would be between awake and N1-3. Is it normal to have a brief REM period as you initially fall asleep? Loved the memory tricks. Thanks

[@sheilachan100]

youre awesome! Love you

[@rojarj61]

great video, commenting to help with algorhythm^^

[@silvermartin4160]

Nocturnal tumescence is important because it tells you IF the person is physiologically capable of obtaining an erection. I'm guessing some urologist somewhere is sitting around making sure their questions show up on every part of the exam possible. It's also thought that they provide improved blood flow preventing what some describe as "turtle" syndrome or shrinkage after loss of ability too obtain erection. Thanks for this video, saved me hours!!

[@ryanh.nguyenmd5357]

Tks, nice

[@tulasazenith951]

Thank you😊😊😊🥰🥰

[@RainbowWorrior121]

Namaste & thank you for such an insightful video. I’m curious regarding each waves in each phase in that. Is each wave completely consistent from the beginning to end in each of the phases N1, N2, N3 & REM in an EEG or do they increase at budging of each and decrease towards the end of each phase? Kind regards

[@thegenius3113]

thank's alot

[@xaaboopinkly]

Thanks sir 💕💕💕

[@mohammadparvez2284]

Tq for my revision

[@muhammadjunaidali769]

Awesome

[@saimafarooq930]

Thanku❤❤❤❤

[@sunfield2814]

Thank you 😊 Just wanna point out sawtooth waves in REM.

[@danieldonascimentoaraujo3221]

thank u

[@benbuttars5594]

I got a question about the neurotransmitters involved as well. So use this video as a base to get those down.

[@shevanz1589]

Watches this before reading through lecture slides. Then reads through lecture slides: understands everything. Chad life 😎 But seriously, thank you.

[@varunlakhmani3493]

Thank you dirty!

[@langhejoel9272]

The best

[@zevaneleven]

POV: ur in bed at 3 in the mornin and can’t fall asleep so you have decided to learn about sleep instead of trying to sleep

[@rahulmehta7935]

200 k soon

[@akshitayadav4247]

I’m glad I found your channel The content is amazing 🙌

[@nervgear2254]

I get a lot of theta waves when I'm awake, most of the waves amplitude ( up or down ) is theta . The rest of the waves are pretty much the same on RAW EEG. MRI and medical EEG checked fine, but what is theta wave suppose to mean when I'm awake and goes through the whole day like this. * Readings with a 16 electrode, on the prefrontal cortex

[@ahmadsadain203]

Nice

[@banankhalid4072]

this was one of the best videos online regarding this topic THANK YOU

[@jamesjackson9374]

Nice vid

[@ayushimittalmail]

when you say the length of N3 decreases through the night do you mean that the length decreases through the time of the clock say as we sleep at 10 pm as opposed to 3 am or you mean to say that IF One is sleeping 6 hours a day be it 10 to 4 or 3 am to 9 am there is going to be a gradual decrease in the length of the N3 stage THROUGH THAT NAP?

[@Salam_1965]

The will be gradual decreases in the length of each period of N3 and increases in the length of each period of REM. They go opposite of each other. The first 3 hours of sleep you have more N3 and the next 3 hours toward morning you have more REM

[@Maria-on4co]

i remember "two"th grinding instead of tooth grinding to remember its association with N2

[@ramseslong5614]

🔥🔥🔥

[@RT-py5sh]

Better than online meded.

[@educationaccount3799]

i want to support on patreon but is there a one time payment option?

[@DirtyMedicine]

To my knowledge Patreon doesn't allow this. What you can do is simply sign up, make the first contribution, then discontinue your contribution after that. I appreciate the thought!

[@ayshaawan6476]

Can you make more videos on sleep medicine please?

[@shreyaraghavan10]

isnt obstructive sleep apnea prevalent in REM sleep as well?

[@Leonvelikii511]

I have a question. Many books mention that NREM has 4 stages. I would like to know about the cycling of these stages. After which stage comes which stage, and at what point does the cycle restart or return. Please talk about REM Latency more; what are 90 minutes of REM Latency.

[@Salam_1965]

In the past NREM used to be 4 stages: 1, 2, 3 , and 4. Now it’s only N1, N2, and N3. REM latency is 90 minutes which the time from Sleep Onset to the beginning of REM sleep. How sleep stages progress? It usually start with N1 then N2 then N3 then REM. Most of the time REM occurs after N2 because as we progress into sleep toward morning there is a gradual decrease in N3 and gradual increase in REM. N2 is 50% of total sleep so it spreads throughout the night and is usually followed by N3 or REM. N1 occurs at beginning of sleep and sometimes after brief arousal or awakening and it’s 5% of total sleep. I hope this is helpful.

[@sherifg7243]

Obstructive sleep apnea in increase in REM and not N1 stage

[@ramoncorintihans5075]

I have sleep Apnea. I looked at my sleep study and it shows four stages before REM sleep. I was never in stage 3 or stage 4. I jump from stage 2 to REM. Further the time in each stage was: Stage 1 around 5%, REM sleep 20 to 30% and the rest in Stage2. Can you comment on this?

[@joshmcgoo]

commenting for the algorithm

[@xiomaramichellelopez2672]

I love you