#SmartPLS4

[@LasanthaWickremesooriya]

Thank you so much Professor for the detailed explanation with great clarity. You are a blessing to research students. I will be recommending you to any prospective candidates

[@researchwithfawad]

You are very welcome

[@Alhamzah_F_Abbas]

I'm really thankful for these efforts prof. can we use other Approaches to asses the Reflective-Formative Higher-Order Construct instead of using the Disjoint Two-Stage?.

[@researchwithfawad]

Yes you can use embedded two stage approach.

[@afef1591]

Thank you so much, Dr for the very informative video. How about the case of a third-order hierarchical model?

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Since, we can only take LVS once, there is a mixed opinion about it. Please refer to his thread forum.smartpls.com/viewtopic.php?t=16580

[@stouts0899]

Big Thanks Dr for sharing this useful knowledge, Pls Dr I wana know how to calculate the Global variable uses to check validity in the second stage.

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks. I am glad you liked it. Global cannot be calculated. it has to be designed before data collection

[@stouts0899]

@@researchwithfawad Thanks for ur response Dr, but If I wanna use the HOCS R-F but I don't designed before what I can do?

[@researchwithfawad]

Its ok. Just check for other requirements when assessing HOC.

[@stouts0899]

@@researchwithfawad Big thanks Dr

[@99websy]

Thank you, is there any example for specifying, estimating and validating reflective- reflective third order construct ? So far I have seen only with second order cons.

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks for watching. Not with third order.

[@haichuanlai67]

Dear Prof. Fawad, may I know is the procedure remains the same for a reflective-reflective construct?

[@researchwithfawad]

Please watch kzbin.info/www/bejne/bnrIdaprprKKirs

[@DoOoMLabs]

I have a problem, i create HOC for inner VIF value issue from structural models. I don't have the single item global meassurement for the variable. So how can i validate the HOC that i create before next assessment? Thank you

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks for watching. Yes you can go ahead without it.

[@chefberrypassionateresearcher]

1. Is Smartpls the only way to deal with formative constructs? If we have formative constructs, cant we use SPSS and AMOS? If not, that means that all the studies done on SPSS and AMOS are having only reflective constructs (having similar meaning items)? 2. What to do if i have formative constructs, but want to do EFA & CFA?. Can I do ANOVA, MANOVA and other multivariate tests on formative constructs?

[@researchwithfawad]

Yes SmartPLS is only suitable for formative. As for Anova or other test you will need to read more on them as to when and howbtobuse them.

[@shameemashaban8257]

@Fawad sir I have ref form construct I.e psychological safety as it has 4 sub dimensions i.e inclusion safety,learner safety,contributor safety and challenger safety sir do I need to hypothesized the dimensions also or I should show the direct relationship between psychological safety and my dv or I should show sub dimensions hypothesis also

[@researchwithfawad]

You may hypothesize the dimensions if it is required as per the objectives of your study.

[@farishakim6759]

If u don't mind, can u share the data set in 22:23? I have 9 constructs reflectove formative and want to compare my result with yours

[@researchwithfawad]

The dataset is part of a study and cannot be shared for now.

[@researchnuggets4518]

Thanks for the above video. Suppose indicators forming my LOC are ratio data i.e (number of records in the system vs number of records in the physical records) and not likert type of data.How does one run such an analysis?

[@researchwithfawad]

The procedure remains the same. SmartPLS is not only for likert type data. The variable has to be a metric variable.

[@ruqiarasoolbaba2337]

Sir I haven’t included a global item at the beginning because I didn’t know about so what do I do now? Even though my 2nd and 3rd conditions that you have mentioned here at 17:37 are met but not the 1st one.

[@researchwithfawad]

It is fine to proceed without global item.

[@PreetiSharma-di2yj]

Sir, if a higher order construct has two indicators with different scales, for eg. One is dummy/ binary and the other is numeric, how to deal with it. When trying to incorporate Both in the higher construct and connecting it to the endogenous variable, the circle stays orange with term MIX mentioned on it

[@researchwithfawad]

Try using the same procedure.

[@shameemashaban8257]

@dr khwaja fawad Sir global item measure do I need to take the cumulative mean score in SPSS for making global item measure or do it just make it the one question i.e crux Then should I take it into smartpls4 Or I am wrong please clarify this

[@researchwithfawad]

AoA. No, we cannot create a global item like that. If you do not have a global item, you can go ahead without it.

[@hamahrapeaahsemawi7202]

Hy SIr, Question 1: I found my convergent validity for the Ref-For HOC is not established, do I have to dismiss the construct from my model?

[@researchwithfawad]

You can improve convergent validity for LOCs, check the item loadings. If for higher order, see if the sub-constructs are interchangeable.

[@hamahrapeaahsemawi7202]

Hy Sir, how do I import two global measures from separate studies that measure different subdimensions but within the subdimension i measure? how to determine its results to meet the threshold?

[@researchwithfawad]

You will need to collect data on global measure. I am not sure, what importing means here.

[@hamahrapeaahsemawi7202]

@@researchwithfawad TQVM for ur quick response Sir. I have the formative HOC namely VC and consists of 3 subdimensions; a,b,c. concerning the global measures, i refer to two different major scholars of the VC but they come with a and b respectively. c is one i introduce to extend the existing subdimension of the VC. So how do determine its validity to meet the threshold. Importing means how to import those global measures to the smartpls.

[@hamahrapeaahsemawi7202]

@@researchwithfawad or it could be better if you could explain me what does does global measure specifically refers to? appreciate much in advance Sir.

[@researchwithfawad]

Global measure refers to an item that covers the essence of the construct in a single item. For instance If i am measuring Commitment, global measure could be Overall, i am committed to my organization.

[@hamahrapeaahsemawi7202]

@@researchwithfawad does it mean i combine the global items and test it myself or how?

[@UMVloger]

Sir, please make video of HOC formative-reflective constract whereas the HOC formative and LOC are reflective. Thanks

[@researchwithfawad]

In this video HOC is formative, and LOC is Reflective.

[@joelkeats7192]

Dr... quick question - is using a global measure the only way to assess the convergent validity? I have not learnt that and have not included a global measure in my questionnaire and I have already finished collecting my data. Is there another way to assess convergent validity without using a global measure? Thank you.

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks for your comment. Actually, in my little knowledge No. However, you can assess the other mentioned steps to validate the formative construct, and leave this one as you have the limitation.

[@joelkeats7192]

@@researchwithfawad Thank u for ur reply. By not assessing the convergent validity, and stating it as a limitation of the study, will it not affect the chances of my study being published in a journal? What do u think Dr? Or should I just treat all constructs as first order? Then I won’t have this issue - right?

[@researchwithfawad]

No, it wont be an issue. Other forms of checks will do.

[@satriatrinandananda5362]

@@researchwithfawad thanks Dr. I also have the same issue. I didn't know that in formative measurement in HOC, global measurement should be used. To make this issue as my limitation, is there any article reference that stated that research model can still be kept without doing the redundancy test?

[@sofianelaradi6176]

❤ ❤ ❤

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks for watching.

[@fahadalam4251]

Salam Dear Prof. Sir what is the GV, i did not understand GV. And the point where its needs to be > 0.7. ?

[@researchwithfawad]

This is used for redundancy analysis in higher order ref-for construct and the path coefficient should be over 0.70.

[@fahadalam4251]

@@researchwithfawad Dear Prof. I am confused about the GV column in the datasheet. What does GV stand for? And how can we get that if we do higher order ref-for construct

[@researchwithfawad]

It is Global Variable, and data on the Global variable shall be collected before data analysis.

[@fahadalam4251]

@@researchwithfawad Thank You Dear Prof. PLease make a video for that as well.

[@ganeshniraula1861]

video is blurred

[@researchwithfawad]

Thanks for watching. Please check internet connect. It happens due to internet.

[@ganeshniraula1861]

Sir, how can we solve the problem if the moderating variable is there between lower and higher order constructs?

[@researchwithfawad]

Please watch kzbin.info/www/bejne/rnXac4pmeJVqd6M

[@ganeshniraula1861]

What will be the procedure if reflective , formative with moderating variable? Please specify ...

[@researchwithfawad]

The moderator in the video is ref for