Reacting to Napoleon's Marshals (Part 1) | Epic History TV

[@SoGal_YT]

Thanks for watching! Like and subscribe if you enjoyed this video 👍🏻 Follow me on social media: Instagram: instagram.com/sogal.yt/ Twitter: twitter.com/SoGal_YT Facebook Page: facebook.com/SoGal-104043461744742 Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/238616921241608

[@RodolfoGaming]

10:05 That's king Charles of France yes i believe he's Charles X Bourbon the last king of the Bourbons in france toppled in 1830

[@BlameThande]

@@RodolfoGaming Charles X was Legitimist Bourbon, it was Louis-Philippe who was of the Orleanist branch.

[@RodolfoGaming]

@@BlameThande yeah thanks he was the last Bourbon king mb

[@cjrecio5702]

Can you watch the Languages of Spain by History with Hilbert?

[@ryklatortuga4146]

EGYPT/PALESTINE - Sidney Smith - this guy was Napoleon's "greatest foe" - Lindybeige has a long rambling youtube piece on the guy - worth a watch but I doubt reactable to. (Not sure that is a real word!) Smith prevented Napoleon from emulating Alexander the Great

[@ribon1703]

From Wikipedia: "Dragoons originally were a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early 17th century onward, dragoons were increasingly also employed as conventional cavalry and trained for combat with swords and firearms from horseback."

[@MarkVrem]

Dragoons were medium-armed cavalry. Hussars/Cossacks are light cavalry, fast agile, but not really armored. Cuirassiers are heavy cavalry. Big everything. Not agile obviously. Dragoons are the middle ground. ... In the American Revolution, you had Light Dragoons serving for the continental army. SO not quite Cossacks/Hussars but also not quite Dragoons but close enough. These guys came from Virginia and the Carolinas, where they had the best horses probably.

[@SoGal_YT]

Thank you!

[@MarkVrem]

A bit off-topic but all this talk made me wonder about the Polish-winged Hussars. Cause something felt off about it. It turns out they started out as Hussars but in the 16th century, they became modified into the heavy-cavalry force most people think of them as. SO they were actually more comparable to the Cuirassiers. Winged CUirassiers lol

[@deaks25]

The name Dragoon initially comes from the name of the gun they used, the Dragon Musket, but would become a catch-all term for this type of mounted infrantry, in the same way Fusiliers were soldiers equipped with the Fusil musket.

[@thierryf67]

in Italy and Egypt, Napoleon was just a young General of the Republic, not yet Emperor.

[@wafs1393]

I dont know about everyone, but I'd watch a 2 hour reaction let alone 1 hour to be honest

[@melkor3496]

Same. xD

[@Krzysztof.l.Polak.84]

Concerning Poniatowski’s memorial, there are several factors, why he is portraide like this. One, is that this monument was ordered by Poles within famous Danish sculptor Thorvaldsen still in 20’s od XIX century, when classical art and style was in fashion and it was absolutely common, to portray heroes in „antique” clothes and poses. Second, Thorvaldsen decided to „copy” sculpture of roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, who was considered epithomy of „father of the nation”. Poniatowski already during his life was known as „father of his soldiers” on even higher level than Napoleon, who was outstanding and inspirational leader, creating fanatical loyalty of rank and file, but Poniatowski was more „fatherly”, more „warm” towards common soldier, despite being a prince. And in his legend he also became in some way „father of nation” during napoleonic period - thus the choice of inspiration. But because he was more soldier, Thorvaldsen gave Poniatowski a sword in hand, while Marcus Aurelius was just greeting his citizens with his hand. But interesting to note - Poles were not very happy with final version of the sculpture, as they hoped/expected to see Poniatowski in more heroic pose, on one of his famous horses, in uniform of polish general in chief, such as he was remebered by his veterans. There were even accusations (with degree of being correct) that Thorvaldsen went easy way, having a lot of orders, and just didn’t put enough attention to this monument. Monument itself also has long and pretty tragic story, paralell to history of Poland in XIX century, being made just before November Uprising in 1830, for many years being held in Russia next to palace of one of Russian military commanders, brought back after regaining independence by Poland and destroyed by Germans during the 2nd world war... What You see todsy in Warsaw is copy, given by Danish Nation to Poland in 60’s if im correct. Even than, it was initially placed in quite hidden place in one of public gardens in Warsaw and only later moved to the square in front of present Presidential Palace in main part of Warsaw. Movement of the monument was btw occasion for huge patriotic demonstration, not too welcomed by communist gouvernment of the time. Anyway - in Poland Poniatowski, alhough a bit forgotten as whole napoleonic era, for those being „in history” is one of absolute symbolic national heroes, braveest soldier (dashing cavalryman!), true patriot, politician, but also somebody with incredible fantasy, flare... by most of contemporary women considered „the most beautiful man of the age” 😉

[@MarkVrem]

That was a good catch on her part. I didn't realize it until I looked at it for a bit. And, I'm half Polish. With that Polish half having Prussian in there also. Clearly Gladius sword and Roman armor, with the double-headed eagle on it. AND NO PANTS! Actually, the Polish double-headed eagle is something I need to look into. What exactly are the roots that led to that. lol.

[@Krzysztof.l.Polak.84]

@@MarkVrem well, there is no double-headed eagle, none on Poniatowski’s armour or in heraldry of Poland as state. What You see on the monument is Roman eagle, eventually one may argue that is French imperial eagle, which was extremely closely modelled after roman one. And yeah, You’d be surprised how much annoyance that lack of pants caused after reveal of the monument 😄 Some people with more... humor noted, that because Poniatowski is portrayed in „bedsheet and underware” there is doubt, for which deeds he got the monument - drowning in Elster river or riding naked (!) through Warsaw because of bet, somewhere on the break of centuries, when he was not yet such a figure, consider rather solely a womanizer and fun-loving aristocrat. Btw. this makes him even more „human” for a hero and adds interesting layer to his history and personality, how extreme change did he go through.

[@lahire4943]

There were two English kings and ten French kings named Charles. Among the latter, Charles I (aka Charlemagne), Charles V the Wise (who won the second part of the Hundred Years' War) and Charles VII the Victorious (who won the third and last part of the Hundred Years' War). In the video, he's talking of Charles X, king of France from 1824 to 1830.

[@MarkVrem]

Right, Spain had Charles also... Austria and the HRE had Charles also. But then I"m always like what is really Charles, and what is actually a Carlo or something, translated into Charles. lol

[@omarbradley6807]

Charles of Britain didn't ended better than Louis XVI, but they would have a Charles III, (in theory)

[@Thunderworks]

Charles isn't an english name, it's a french name, the french version of Karl. The spanish version is Carlos. In the french monarchy, the first one, Charles I, was the famous Charlemagne (768-814), his name mean Charles the Great. Charles is the second most used name in the french monarchy, after Louis.

[@omarbradley6807]

Marshal Ney facing his execution was not only calm but give one of the best speaches of a soldier being about to shoot. He himself gave the order.

[@Nonsense010688]

21:54 the seven years war, or french-indian war for many americans, is indeed a very interesting and important subject, since it is sometimes called the "first global war" or "first world war" (there are more wars that sometimes claim that title, thou the case for the seven years war is pretty good).

[@xenotypos]

The 9 Years War was pretty global.

[@fuerstmetternich643]

Different sources vary as to what they consider a world war. According to my 9th grade history textbook, there have been no fewer than seven world wars, starting with the War of Spanish Succession.

[@imperiumgrim4717]

@@fuerstmetternich643 so technically it's 9 year war?

[@untruelie2640]

The Kings mentioned in the video are the monarchs from old royal House of Bourbon. The pre-revolutionary monarchy was restored in 1814. - Louis XVIII., ruled 1814-1815 and 1815-1824 (brother of the beheaded Louis XVI., had to flee when Napoleon returned from Elba, but regained his throne after the Battle of Waterloo) - Charles X., ruled 1824-1830 (brother of Louis XVIII., was overthrown during the revolution of 1830) - Louis Philippe, ruled 1830-1848 (member of the House of Orléans, a junior branch of the House of Bourbon; became a more liberal and constitutional king, was overthrown during the revolution of 1848 - yes, the french had MANY revolutions...) Here is a very useful overview, including all french revolutions: kzbin.info/www/bejne/lYSWYoaPYrykmpI

[@thierryf67]

The "hotel des Invalides" was built by order of the king Louis XIVth.... in the 17th C. long time (more than a century) before the revolution and Napoleon.

[@skiteufr]

The King Charles of the video is King Charles X, King of France from 1824 to 1830. His reign occured after the one of his big Bro, Louis XVIII, who took power in 1815 after Napoleon's downfall. France had 10 kings named Charles, the first being the most famous, Charlemagne. The Invalides, the military hospital, was not built by Napoleon but by Louis XIV

[@Manu-rb6eo]

Charlemagne is Charles the great for those who don't know his French name 😉 Karl der große für die deutschen. But he wasn't really king of France, he had France + northern Italy, Germany, Switzerland and the rest Belgium, Netherlands....

[@skiteufr]

@@Manu-rb6eo Charlemagne is part of the list of French monarchs as Charles the 1st. He was not King of France strictly speaking but he was King of the Franks and forefather/predecessor of the French kings. He is part of the carolingian dynasty, 2nd dynasty of the house of France, after the Merovingians and before the Capetians

[@EmmettMcFly55]

I think you meant that Charles X was Louis XVIII's "little bro", because Louis was the older one - which is why he became king first. (At least, I don't think you were referring to physical size, because in that case Louis may well have been shorter than Charles.) And, of course, they were both little brothers to Louis XVI, who was king before the Revolution and was beheaded.

[@skiteufr]

@@EmmettMcFly55 yeah you're right. My bad

[@dlanor9312]

Napoleon trained as an Artillery Officer. If you look at depictions of French Artillerymen (13:43) most wear their hats from sideways.

[@tibsky1396]

7:42 I think these men have seen death so many times in front of their eyes that it didn't even surprise them anymore. Even for its own sake.

[@deaks25]

Every good KZbinr has an official Fluffy Assistant who contributes their fluffy cuteness to proceedings. It's an unarguable fact. 👍

[@chrisigoeb]

Gosh what a cute dog

[@Manu-rb6eo]

Doggy !! 😊

[@melkor3496]

I’ve been looking forward to this.

[@deaks25]

With regards to the quote about Jourdan: "use him ill" is a way of saying Napoleon treated Jourdan badly or didn't give him the credit or reward he deserved. When we say today that something left us feeling 'sick' or 'ill' is probably an evolution of that.

[@aorum3589]

31:30 Louis 18 was the brother of Louis 16 (the one who was beheaded by the revolutionaries). Louis 18 was brought to power after the first fall of Napoleon in 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, a huge meeting where the monarchies which had defeated Napoleon gathered after his downfall to reestablish the old order. After Napoleon was defeated and exiled for good in 1815 Louis 18 was brought back to power a second time by the Congress of Vienna. Being already old, fat, and sick when he acceded to the throne, Louis 18 ended up dying after 9 years of reign. He was succeeded by his brother Charles 10 (so also a brother of Louis 16), who was forced to abdicate and go into exile after only 5 years of reign because of the second French revolution.

[@pianoman1857]

3:54 This is Beethoven's Egmont Overture, have a check on this !

[@PeterDay81]

The Royal Hospital Chelsea is a retirement home and nursing home for some 300 veterans of the British Army. Founded as an almshouse, the ancient sense of the word "hospital", it is a 66-acre site located on Royal Hospital Road in Chelse.it opened in 1692.

[@MarkVrem]

Yup always cool to note that hospitals existed for far longer than modern medicine. It was really for low-class travelers or anyone that might be sick. Usually, you'd bunk at the home of someone of your same class as you travel. Filling them in on rumors and stories. But not everyone was that accepted back then. Being sick obviously was an issue, with plagues, etc. SO they created Hospitals. Churches were the other alternative.

[@xenotypos]

As for the Invalides, it was inaugurated in 1678 (by Louis XIV), 100 years before Napoleon existed.

[@PeterDay81]

@@MarkVrem Yes such as the The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller.

[@MarkVrem]

@@PeterDay81 Right,and if I'm not mistaken, these also became the first banks open to the public. Where instead of transporting money with you, you could get a piece of paper. Saying you deposited this much money at this "Hospital". Pick it up at another far away.

[@vaudevillian7]

Discovered a relative that had been a Chelsea Pensioner while doing the family tree recently, need to do a bit more digging there.

[@nirfz]

About the Balloons: they were a common thing into WW1, and shooting them down wasn't as easy or dangerous as it sounds. Even the hydrogen filled Zeppelin "balloons" needed incindiary rounds to really wreck them.

[@davidhollins870]

It was much more a question of ranges of weapons until the effect of gravity.

[@nervachadikus]

The restored King Louis 18th was the brother of the King Louis 16th who was executed during the revolution. Also just wait till you hear about marshal Oudinot, he was totally amazing

[@davesy6969]

If you want amazing look no further than seafaring career of Admiral Lord Thomas Cochrane.

[@RodolfoGaming]

20:30 the hotel des invalides most likely was created by Louis XIV cuz it was already there when the storm of the bastille happened. The hotel des invalides was stormed by the mob for weapons and then the bastille for gunpowder

[@ebenezer576]

Yep constructed by Louis XIV.

[@RodolfoGaming]

@@ebenezer576 yeah that guy ordered the construction of so much stuff he was largely responsible for draining french coffers. I remember he built a canal in one of the major rivers

[@mrk8050]

I'm glad to see Scarlet helping you with adding a bit of realism with her sound effects. As they all had new boots the leather made a squeaking sound, ass did their bottoms when they got nervous.

[@Manu-rb6eo]

For people who don't know what it is "13 vendémiaire".....it's a new calender made by the revolutionnaires (no longer used), they refused the "normal" calender because it is a religious one. So vendemiaire and brumaire are both months from this new calender.

[@untruelie2640]

Napoleon's first Battle was the Siege of Toulon in 1793 (during the revolutionary wars), when he was the commander of the artillery. Because of his contribution to the battle, he was promoted to Brigadier General and put in charge of a french army - his task being the revolutionary liberation of Northern Italy (1796-1797). He won several battles against Piedmont-Sardinia and Austria (Bassano, Arcole, Rivoli) and even reached the austrian town of Leoben. The following peace treaty effectively saved the French Republic and gave France control of almost all territories west of the river Rhine. After this successful campaign, he had become a very popular general and was put in charge of a large army (1798-1799). He wanted to conquer Egypt from the Ottomans, which threatened British colonial interests. He won several battles (Battle of the Pyramids, Jaffa, Mount Tabor), but wasn't able to take the city of Acre. Also, the french fleet had been severly defeated by the Royal Navy under the command of Admiral Horatio Nelson, so the french expedition was cut off from France. In the end, Napoleon left his men behind and fled back to France (sounds familiar?). After he was back in Paris in 1799, Napoleon (still a famous general) staged a coup d'etat against the republican government. He became "First Consul of the Republic" (in reality, he was some kind of military dictator). He went to Italy for a second time, fighting against the Austrians in the War of the Second Coalition (1798-1802). After he had won the decisive Battle of Marengo (in Northern Italy), the war was over. Two years later, he crowned himself as Emperor of the French and prepared for an invasion of Great Britain in 1806 - which never happened, because Admiral Nelson defeated the french and spanish navy again at Trafalgar and Napoleon went off to the east to fight the Austrians and Russians at Ulm and Austerlitz.

[@anzaca1]

37:24 Naploeon was essentially saying that he did not use Jourdan as well as he could have.

[@richardgray3343]

Love your dog! 😂😂 My dog the same hates being alone! X

[@motionpictures6629]

The seven years war was basicly the first world war. it had two starting points, one was George Washington attacking french soldiers in Ohio, the other was Friedrich the great invading Silesia. Both become one mayor war fought on the whole globe. Ohio, Kanada, India, France, Germany, Russia, Sweden, Portugal the Caribbean and all oceans saw battles

[@RodolfoGaming]

41:00 - Vitoria video comes out tomorrow afternoon

[@mxlexrd]

France had a very turbulent time in the 18th and 19th centuries, with multiple revolutions. A channel called usefulcharts has a video with a timeline of the French revolutions, if you want a short summary.

[@petersmith4423]

Ney was executed and his last request was to give the firing squad orders himself.

[@steved6092]

King Charles X ... King of France 1824 - 30

[@omarbradley6807]

The only video in english who cover the Italian and early campaigns is "Battle of Marengo" from Kings and Generals.

[@omarbradley6807]

The hotel des Invalides, was a retirement home for "noble soldiers" created by Louis XIV. But during Napoleon governorship it become a house for everyone who needed treatement for wounds. and were allowed to live there for their entire life. But most important it was the place where the revolutionaries congregated on the 14 of July, before going to take the Bastille. (Under the future governor of Paris during Napoleon, Hulin) today Napoleon remains are at that exact place.

[@lcbonastre2418]

Reaction history Of Blas de Lezo Battle Of Cartagena Of Indias please

[@Nonsense010688]

36:30 it was a trend of the time to dress up anyone in the imagine of the "golden age" o ancient Greece or rome. Your general idea is totally correct btw.

[@Alex-df1zf]

As you will see, some of them have epic stories, crazy to imagine something similar in our time, absolute exceptional men.

[@scl9671]

The Battle of Vitoria video is out this week on Wednesday I believe :)

[@ritaDas-xl4kz]

7:21 i believe the french often wore it sideways while the british often wore it front to back

[@yoyooutamricht2025]

Please react to queen Elizabeth ll coronation video

[@deepyamandas1192]

22:07 you should watch the video of armchair historian on the seven years war its much informative

[@seigneurphoenix]

“Terror Belli, Decus Pacis.” “Terror in War, Ornament in Peace.” “The words inscribed on every French Marshal’s Baton.” -Epic History TV

[@TrashskillsRS]

It was the brother of the beheaded King Louis the 16th, that was reinstated as Louis the 18th. The entire family tree was not executed. He had the reign from 1814-1815 from Napoleons first exile to Elba until he came back and again after Napoleons exile to St. Helena in 1815 until his death in 1824. Charles X was king from 1824-1830. France stayed a Monarchy until a revolution in 1848 couped the Monarchy and established the 2nd French Republic, and of all people Napoleons Nephew was elected president. Napoleon III then did a coup in 1851 and crowned himself emporer of the French, it lasted until 1870, when we get the 3rd French Republic. Because of WW2 we had the 4th Republic and because of crisis in the Colonies, France has been the 5th Republic since 1958. In 2028 it will have outlasted the 3rd Republic. Makes total sense.

[@dustman0048]

*A quick summary for explain the political situation in France* => Before the Revolution, France was an absolute monarchy ruled by Louis 16 from the French dynastie called "Bourbon" (the Bourbon ruled other areas in Europe like Spain). => The French Revolution appears in 1789. At the beggining, France became a constitutionnal monarchy still ruled by Louis 16. After, France became a Republic in 1792 (good bye Louis ). The Republic then radicalised under Robespierre and his "Reign of Terror". There is Revolts in France (by Royalists, who want to bring back the monarchy and the House of Bourbon and by opposant of the actual regime). There is also war (France was at war against all Europeans kingdoms who feared the spread of revolutionaries ideas ). =>In 1794, Robespierre fall and the "Reign of Terror" ended. A new government took the lead and tried to stabilize the Republic (but he failed). => During all this period, Napoleon fought for the Republic at Toulon (against the Royalist and the coalition), then in Italy (against the coalition), then in Egypt (try but failed to cut the road to India). => After all this brilliant battles, Napoleon became a popular general in France and in contrast the new government was very unpopular. So, in 1799, Napoleon lauched a "coup d'etat" and took the power. => Napoleon became first consul of the Republic (still a Republic but more like a one man in charge) =>The first consul Napoleon lauched a second italian campaign against the coalition and won. Then he made peace in Europe. => In 1804, Napoleon ended the Republic and created the French Empire. Since the beggining of the Revolution, the French Republic and then Napoleon had extented French land and French area of influence. At the creation of the Empire, France had Belgium, Netherlands, some part of Germany and Italy and influenced Switzerland, Spain, Bavaria, Wurtemberg etc... => After that it's the period covered by Epic history. => So remind that when Napoleon became emperor, some French were against that and the country was divided : There is the Royalists, who since the revolution, wanted to bring back the monarchy and the House of Bourbon and then there is the Republicans who wanted to bring back the Republic. So, when Napoleon fought in France in 1814 the French were already divided and in addition the ordinary French people who doesn't care of politics were just exhausted since the Revolution and all this war against all Europe, all this civil war etc...Since 1792, there is like 20 years of almost constant war.

[@Groffili]

Regarding the later french kings: The first French Republic hadn't been that much of a success, for several reasons. The Revolution had resulted in a lot of chaos and terror, and the stabilization had resulted in a new kind of monarchy,. Napoleon's Empire. All of Napoleon's enemies were monarchies... many of them of a very autocratic nature. The early wars against the French Republic were fought with the intention to reinstall the Bourbon monarchy... both for ideas of legitimacy as well as to surpress republican tendencies in the coalitions' own countries. So the plan for a post-Napoleonic France had always been a renewed kingdom... and the "rightful" king was of course determined by the standard monarchic principle: the hereditary system. Next in line after the beheaded Louis XVI was his younger brother, also named Louis. (Louis XVI full name was Louis-Auguste, Louis XVIII was christened Louis Stanislas Xavier). He reigned until his death in 1824 and was succeed by the next younger brother, Charles X, who in turn ruled until 1830 when he was replaced in another french revolution by a cousin, Louis-Phillipe de Orléans... who in turn was toppled by the next french revolution in 1848, which ended the French kingdom for good. Fun video about who would be the French monarch today, if France decided to reestablish the monarchy... kzbin.info/www/bejne/fZDapWBvmZeqbbc

[@andrewclayton4181]

You raised a couple of questions. Less invalides was not the first military hospital. Charles II of England established one at Chelsea in London. His reign was 1660-85. The Chelsea pensioners still reside there to this day. Honoured retired servicemen, noted for their red coats. Balloons. The Montgolfier brothers were the first to use balloons, they sent the first man up in 1783, in Paris, just before the revolution. It was the latest technology of the time. There is a contemporary cartoon (Gilray?) Showing Napoleon using them to invade Britain by floating across the channel. They were used for observation by the Union army in the American civil war, (by a chap called Thaddeus Lower,) at the seige of Paris in 1870, and in WWI. After that aeroplanes took on the role.

[@kylecasey7010]

25:24 A Dragoon is basically a mounted man armed with a carbine who could deploy quickly, dismount, and fire their weapons and stay or mount again and deploy elsewhere as needed.

[@valence686]

Don't worry in Europe we also have a crapton of political parties that like to call themselves republican. It's pretty generic as it goes and ultimately doesn't mean anything. It's like North Korea calling itself the Democratic People's Republic of Korea... Anyway, not to be confused with Republicanism in History, attached to republican values (democratic representation of the people through elected representatives) as opposed to royalist values, whether absolute or constitutional but always attached to aristocratic/elitist values, a conflict which back then was the brand new thing just after the revolution of 1789 an compelled all of Europe's monarchies to declare war on revolutionary France. And yeah, a conflict still a thing in Spain during the civil war, their monarchy was still going strong in the early 20th century especially combined with ultra catholic values (ultra catholicism being a rather hardcore and even more traditionalist version of your average catholicism, having been in short a counter revolution against protestantism and the reformation of the church).

[@ethanramos4441]

Josef Poniatowski uncle was the last king of Poland-Lithuania, Staniław II Augustus. He tried to pass reforms to help save the Commonwealth but he was met with internal and external opposition. Today he’s controversial in Poland because he failed to resolutely stand against and prevent the partition of Poland. But he was remembered as a great patron of the Arts and Sciences. It led to the creation of the Commission of National Education. He was also the former lover of Catherine the Great

[@blueacres1262]

Hilarious, power to your elbow American woman, brains and beauty are a powerful thing! God Bless America and crazy stray rescues. 🤣🇬🇧🇺🇲

[@BlameThande]

37:00 It is dying out of modern English, but ill in that context simply means the opposite of well, i.e. Napoleon is saying he used him 'badly'. You may have heard the proverb "It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good".

[@BerishStarr]

I don't mind the long videos. I just shut down the vid halfway through if its too long. Next time I come back, KZbin remembers where I was in the video.

[@stevegray1308]

The most famous painting shows Napoleon on his rearing white charger leading troops over the Alps. It is totally fictitious as he actually rode a mule over the Alps for it's better footing.

[@stevegray1308]

@@BLRSharpLight I never saw that one. Thank you very much.

[@richardvandeursen2395]

As you get further in you will see the fighting marshals. Interesting or in some cases ordinary backgrounds but they seemed to have a knack for leading men and inspiring men into combat and they were fighters. Some were fair to very good tacticians, none on a scale with Napoleon, some worked well out from under his command, some did not work so well. Napoleon didn't want his generals/marshals to think independently from him. You may have gathered that already no? You won't be disappointed in this series fer sure.

[@kylecasey7010]

Napoleon was in Italy early in his career as a general in the revolutionary army and was sent to fight the Austrians who had occupied much of that area and absorbed it into their own empire long before. Napoleon invaded Egypt because he was an adventurous man and wanted to eventually move on to India much like Alexander, but obviously he was never going to achieve it with such a small force and cut off from reinforcements by the Royal Navy.

[@felixgoodhew7723]

Your dog is so cute

[@Hunter27771]

The videos are following nopoleons battles as emperor. Italy and Egypt where both before this time. He did not lead france, when he was fighting in italy.

[@scientiautverum]

It is entirely possible that you might be speaking in French if it wasn't for the Seven Years War.

[@tomhirons7475]

The english civil wars are interesting battles etc, much more than you think, and lots of politics also.

[@krisa990]

Another thing that caught my attention,Marchal MacDonald,that name sounds more scottish/english then french. I wounder what he would have thought of the fact that centuries later it would be a most recogniceble term world over for fast food...

[@wwciii]

Most army types wore thier bicornes thwart wise (sideways) in the navy it was more common to wear their bicornes fore and aft.

[@SkywalkerExpress]

instantly pushed the like button at the first glimpse

[@zach7193]

SoGal, Napoleon was known for his hand in waistcoat gesture.

[@joshthomas-moore2656]

A division is a collection of regiments and a Dragoon is a type of light cavalry, usually tasked with scouting, they were capable of fighting on horseback or on foot, unlike most cavalry who only fought on horseback only.

[@benmorton3153]

You should react to the queens birthday parade on the 12th June.

[@saiien2]

Dragoons are a special sort of cavalry. They can be used as a "mobile infantry" because they have a "carbine muskets" (short firearms). They can charge the enemy with their swords/sabres but as I said they can be also used as a vanguard. That means that they will dismount infront of enemy lines and they can fight as skirmishers to harass the enemy a delay their attack. Then they will jump back on their horses and disappear.

[@alansmithee8831]

Bonjour encore un fois SoGal et Napoleon et Scarlett. Once again I watched whilst settling the dogs down so I understand how you feel. I checked and it was 2007 when the oldest one, a cross breed arrived and swung from the blind before I tired her out and made her let me show her to be "nice". Others have answered the questions so looking forward to next one.

[@BlameThande]

32:00 You have an OK understanding of the order of events. If you want to see how it all fits together in a very brief summary of how France has been ruled under (very) many regimes since 1789, HistoryMatters has a short video here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/fGqWZn2ag85-d6c Bear in mind the stuff about Napoleon in Italy and Egypt you mentioned earlier happened when he was a general of the Republic, hence why it's not in the Napoleonic Wars series as that was after he became Emperor.

[@CovfefeDotard]

Sweet dog glad you adopted

[@SoGal_YT]

Thanks. Just fostering for now though.

[@xenotypos]

The Italian and the Egyptian campaigns, like the siege of Toulon, weren't technically part of what we call the Napoleonic Wars, but the Revolutionary Wars. That's probably why Epic History TV didn't do a video right away (though they did Toulon...). But apparently, they 'll do it for those two very important campaigns, probably a matter of months. To sum it up: the 1st and 2nd coalitions fought France during the Revolutionary Wars. The 3rd/4st/5st/6st/7st fought France during the Napoleonic Wars

[@MarkVrem]

Napoleon ran into the most ruthless guy on the planet at the time during the Egyptian/Syria campaign. At Acre. Ottoman commander Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar. AL-JAZZAR meaning "THE BUTCHER". He earned that name before Napoleon. Running into him was the end of Napoleon campaigning in that direction.

[@JedForge]

Bernadotte did not betray Napoleon. He asked Napoleon for permission when the offer to become Sweden's heir was given. And, he told Napoleon up front that he would do what was best for Sweden if he did this. Napoleon gave the permission and when asked said "Ungrateful, yes, a traitor, no"

[@joshuagrover795]

Bernadotte offer to be Crown Prince of Sweden in 1810 was a unique situation because unlike other Pro-Napoleonic monarchies in Europe such as Louis in Holland, Murat in Naples, Joseph in Spain and Jérôme in Westphalia who got their thones by Napoleon's graces and war, the Swedes themselves were making this offer to Bernadotte personally meaning Bernadotte was expected to stand for Swedish interests above anything else. Nobody in the right mind could expect him to go to Sweden and say to his adopted nation and people "your now puppets of France and I being French will follow Napoleon every wish and demand." I won't call Bernadotte either ungrateful or a traitor, he was open-minded than most of the other Marshals and when given the offer by Sweden he could have refused the offer. Instead his decision would ensure his legacy was long lasting to the present day.

[@commentbellow8185]

36:15 Poniatowski's statue: I noticed that his horse has only one leg in the air. I thought that: 1 leg in the air = wounded in battle. 2 legs in the air = killed in battle. So, shouldn't his horse be reared-up on it's hind legs?

[@CruelestChris]

The idea that statue poses have hidden meanings is an urban legend.

[@antonywarriner6002]

You should also look into the English civil war.

[@HenioGracie]

The doggie is a bit smaller than i have inmagined from photos - but she is like SUPER HAPPY right now!

[@LBEGaming]

can you react to - Trooping the Colour

[@CARLOS62B]

I think this is going to be another great series to watch.

[@Bloopsan]

Yessss ! Been looking forward to this

[@LordJuzzie]

"I used that man very ill" its a very old fashioned way of saying "I treated him badly/used him."

[@anzaca1]

7:47 I believe it was due to a need/desire to die with dignity i.e. showing no fear.

[@scientiautverum]

You may be interested in the Waterloo Uncovered project. This is an archaeological dig, centred mainly around Hugoumont Farm, including readings of eyewitness accounts of the battle. Hugoumont has been renovated and is now a museum (it was still in private hands the last time I was there and quite run-down and no archaeological work could take place). Thankfully, funds were raised, the farm purchased and then preserved.

[@joshuagrover795]

Marshal of the Empire was an extension of the still present french civil rank of Marshal of France. Strictly speaking during the First French Empire, (1804-1814/15) Marshal of the Empire was not actual an army rank, (four stars) but a civil ceremonial title. General of Division was on paper the highest rank in the Grande Armée, (three stars) but after 1804 for morale and customary reasons the highest levels of commands, (Corps) was always given to a Marshal.

[@Buboization]

King Charles X, he's reffering to the Restauration Period in France - 1814-1830, when monarchy was restaurated in France, after Napoleon's fall. Charles X of Bourbon was the king who succeded King Louis XVIII of Bourbon, until the 1830 revolution, when France becamed a Constitutional Monarchy with the King Louis-Philippe d'Orléans, the last king of France, from july 1830 until 1848 revolution.

[@MajorDenisBloodnok]

Yes, France had 10 kings called Charles. Among them, Charles VII the Victorious who was crowned thanks to Jeanne D'Arc and Charles X, the last king of France (Louis-Philippe was king of the French), it is the king Charles of the video.

[@rubberyowen1469]

Love your videos and also your interest in the history of Great Britain. It would be great if you looked at a video of how England was the first country to abolish slavery, not just in England but globally. A fact rarely taught now.

[@vaudevillian7]

Have you seen ‘Being Napoleon’ - it’s on Netflix (in the UK at least) and is about two ‘rivals’ to play Napoleon on the 200th anniversary reenactment of Waterloo (I did the one in 2005 where one of the them started). It’s a half-decent watch if you get the chance

[@mrichards6795]

After the fall of Napoleon, King Louis XVIII (the legitimate Bourbon king) was put on the throne, followed by Charles X, who was later overthrown during the 1830 revolution by the "Orléanistes" and was replaced with King Louis Phillipe (who was duke of Orléans). In a nutshell, Charles X was considered too authoritarian, therefore the Orléanistes established a constitutional monarchy instead, where classical liberalism prevailed (free market and civil liberties under the rule of law). Louis Philippe was then overthrown in the 1848 revolution, to be replaced by the Second Republic under the leadership Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (Napoleon's grand-nephew). The Second Republic eventually turned into the Second French Empire in 1852, after a coup d'état by Louis-Napoléon himself. (He was then also known as Napoléon III). The regime was authoritarian and claimed to be democratic (it was a dictatorship where elections were rigged in the Emperor's favour and there was no freedom of the press). He was later deposed after his defeat against Prussia in 1870, and the Second Empire was replaced by the Third Republic, which lasted until WWII. Each of these events engendered three right-wing traditions in French politics. 1. The Monarchists or Légitimistes: Those who supported the original Bourbon monarchy and have a very social conservative - even reactionary - outlook. As the royal branches petered out, they would morph into a reactionnary movement. They held power, effectively for about 2 years during WWII with the Vichy regime, until Nazi Germany invaded the rest of France in 1942. The political party that represents them today is Le Pen's, Rassemblement national. 2. The Orléanistes are your run-of-the mill pro-capitalist, free-market conservatives we see today pretty much everywhere in the West. The government of Valéry Girard d'Estaing (1974-1981) was an orléaniste government. 3. The Bonapartistes have a philosophy based on authoritarianism and democracy - a very strong executive who is elected by the people (i.e., bonapartism without the dictatorship). The current Fifth Republic (established in 1958) is set up in this manner (the French President is very powerful and is elected every 7 years). The more well-known Bonapartistes are Charles de Gaulle (founder of the Fourth and Fifth Republics), Jacques Chirac (the President who refused to go into Iraq with George W. Busch in 2003), and Nicolas Sarkosy.

[@omarbradley6807]

The objective of the Napoleonic wars, was on the minds of the Enemies of Napoleon. "To Restore the Royal Household in His Divine Grace of his Majesty Louis XVIII". When Napoleon abdicated, after 1814. The monarchy was reinstored in France, but then Napoleon came back, and unsurprisingly, all went to Napoleon's side. However Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo, prevented France to get rid of the Monarchists. Until 1830.

[@19Edurne]

Nice soundtrack at the begining. Can't wait to hear it on some glorious battle part of the vid... ;) Edit: 2:36... I'm crushed :(

[@Etrune]

Kings and queens ruled Europe for 1500 years, that was the norm. To make matters worse, the French revolution created immense chaos. However, things have moved on and the rulers of Europe no longer have any real power. In France, the royalists still exist but they have no importance in the elections (I imagine like the communist party in the US ^^). If you want to learn more about the different governments and leaders of France throughout history, I advise you to watch the video "Every leader of France, EVER" from the channel "J.J. McCullough" (15 min).

[@Metatraxi]

As for a good book I've actually got a good one called (unsurprisingly) 'The Napoleonic Wars' it's by Richard Holmes. I hope you can find a good second hand copy cause it's a bit pricey, from what I can see. It's got lots of those lovely paintings you're after, though.

[@michaelhodgson662]

The convention of the time was to wear such hats with their corners pointing forward and back. In order to ensure he was instantly identifiable on the battlefield, Napoleon wore his sideways.

[@bugsby4663]

Louis XVIII was the younger brother of Louis XVI who was executed in the Revolution (Louis XVII was the uncrowned young son of Louis XVI who died in captivity). Louis XVIII was put on the throne after the downfall of Napoleon. They call it a restoration, but it's only really a restoration of the Bourbon kings, as he had been in exile since his brother's execution. Louis XVIII was a surprisingly moderate ruler, and he died with no children so his younger brother Charles X became king. Charles was politically useless and an ultraconservative. He was toppled in a Revolution in 1830, which gave France a constitutional monarchy based on that of the UK with Charles's cousin Louis Phillipe on the throne. However, this "citizen king" was overthrown in 1848 in another revolution resulting in the short-lived Second Republic then the Second Empire under Napoleon’s nephew, Napoleon III (Napoleon II was the uncrowned son of the original Napoleon who died in exile in Austria). Charles X, Louis Phillipe and Napoleon III all died in exile.

[@daniellastuart3145]

I think A Division of Dragoon coincided of 2 brigades of to 2 regiments of Dragoons with 3 to 2 squadrons of cavalry plus batteries of Artillery like with infantry Division is the next size down from a corps so a French cavalry regiments would have 4 squadrons of 2 company of men a squadrons can have up to 85 to 250 men so 4 squadrons = one Regiment 2 + Regiment = a Brigade 2 + Brigades =A Division 2 + Division = A Corps but would also concise of 2 to 4 Infantry Division plus Artillery i hope this helps

[@LaurenticAspie]

The Armchair Historian has a good half-an-hour long video on the Seven Years' War which I HIGHLY recommend: kzbin.info/www/bejne/iHO4iHuLgNupm8U Since you have liked expanding your horizons on how other countries view politics so far, I would suggest you learn about the many different electoral systems aboard since they have a huge impact on how people perceive representation, electability and the idea of democracy itself. An easy start would be this series by CGP Grey (whom you might remember from the "Difference between UK, GB and England" video), which as I understand is most relevant to British and American viewers (he also has supplementary videos on his channel, of course): www.cgpgrey.com/politics-in-the-animal-kingdom/

[@phueal]

Lots of different ways to break Europe down by compass direction… Sometimes people talk about “Western Europe” and “Eastern Europe” - this is a legacy of the Cold War, with capitalist countries in the West and communist countries in the East. The dividing line goes approximately down the eastern side of Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. People sometimes talk about “Northern Europe” and “Southern Europe”, usually to distinguish Germanic cultures from Latin cultures, or sometimes to distinguish their different attitudes to government welfare - the dividing line basically follows the borders of the Roman Empire. Sometimes people combine these to have all four compass points, or even add “Central Europe” as well. In the former case the map from the board game Risk is actually pretty good at describing those regions. If you have “Central Europe” then that would often include most of “Northern Europe” on the Risk map, and instead everything north of Germany would be “Northern Europe” (Denmark & other Nordics, British Isles, possibly Benelux).

[@davidhollins870]

The sideways hat was simply to make Napoleon stand out although it had been 18th century fashion. France had ten King Charles. Novi was won by an Austro-Russian army. Several Marshals were political - the four honorary Marshals, plus Brune, Jourdan and Bernadotte, who were Republicans. The oldest British veterans' hospital is Chelsea, founded by Charles II in the mid-17th century. Grouchy was ordered to pursue the Prussians after Ligny - that's what he did. A Dragoon was a medium cavalryman, originally mounted infantry. A division was 4-6 regiments and the dragoons would support the heavy armoured cavalry. The balloon at Fleurus is now inflated in the Austrian Military Museum in Vienna and there are plenty of pics of it. It is a hydrogen balloon, not hot air.

[@quoniam426]

Napoleon would have been unable to be be what he was without the dedication and prowess of Marshal Berthier at the logistics of the army. To have most of these memorized, just look a at a Paris map and look at the names of the boulevards just inside the peripheral highway circliong the city. These are named after the Marshals and are nicknamed the Marshals boulevards. You can't miss them, there is a tram line on them (around 70% of the circle for now). They were named that way because they run on the old 19th Century fortification emplacement. (demolished in 1919). Between the two Napoleons, there were three kings of the period known as the Restauration (restauration of the Monarchy that is) Louis the 18th, Charles the 10th and Louis-Philippe. Monarchy was abolished a second time in 1848 after two small revolutions in 1830 and 1848 and the Second Republic was proclaimed with the head of State being Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, Prince President, he made a coup to turn his presidency into the Second Empire in 1850... Royalists still exist today as a matter of fact, the descendants of the two main king families the Bourbons and the Orléans have each a pretender to the throne but they are removed from French politics and studied in the US most of the lives, apart from being financers, they are no threat to the Republic. There is also the off branch (Napolon's son the King of Rome never made it to fatherhood, he died quite young of illness) of the Bonapartes and a pro Bonapart fan club still exist today also. On videos talking of showing History of France or music from that era, there are a few of each camp still arguing on who would be the best ruler... Louis the 20th of Bourbon, I don't remember who from the Orléans or Pince Napoléon. They are restless and annoying. I tend to think that if Royalty or Imperial regimes should come back there should be a brand new dynasty to start over. And if the politicians are as corrupt as the ones we have now, there is no point in changing regime altogether since it would be the same result from the same causes anyway. When the Pandemic is over you should come over to Paris, at the museum of the Invalides (th picture shown in the video). The Hospital was created way before Napoleon, by Louis the 14th (the Sun King himself). A military and civilian hospital still exists even if the Val de Grace and some other military hospital were created since and the rest of the building was turned into an Army Museum, you'll see lots of weapons, uniforms and paintings as the ones you like. There is section dedicated to the two Empires and a big statue of Napoleon watching over the main courtyard (where ceremonies for fallen soldiers are still held today) as well as small military parades especially during the Sainte Barbe day in November. (the patreon of gunners and explosive things, so a patreon of your specialty as well I might say... The Sainte Barbe was also the name of the wooden ships main pouder magazines back in the day.) The Invalides are build around a small Cathedral (St Louis) and the Royal side of the cathedral (opposed to the soldier side with a glass wall between the two) features the tomb of Napoleon and some of the best military commanders of France such as Clemenceau and others. Nap's tomb was made during the reign of Louis Philippe (after they brought back Nap's body from Ste Helena) Napoleon's original idea for his mauleum was very different, Roman stile, build under the courtyard where the De Gaulle Memorial is today, ironically. The Seven years war had an impact on the entire planet believe it or not, it could be regarded as the real WW1 in fact ! All the politics of our modern times and the very existence of the USA themselves come from that war ! France lost Canada and part of the US territory back then by treaty, British also lost a lot and had to raise taxes for the British colonies of America that led to the Independance of the USA in 1776 !!! Without that war, the face of the Western world would be very different. The sideways cap ios a Tricorne. (trihorned cap) Napoleon's Bicorne (bi horned hat) resembles a trihorned so much thathe weres it as a trihorned... The Restauration was pushed by foreign countries and the British of course... who else? Balloons were invented during the reign of Louis the 16th by the brothers Mongolfier (from there comes the French name for balloons: Mongolfière, a feminine word) although the term "ballon" is also used in French as in the title of the Jules Verne novel "Five weeks in a balloon." (cinq semaines en ballon) Balloons were also instrumental in the flight of the French Government in 1870 when Paris was surrounded by Bismarck's Prussian army... Scarlett is definitely a Belgium shephard. One of my school buddies had one. He didn't have much space in his flat for her back then so he let her with friends on the other of the country. But she was so attached to him that she fled and managed to infiltrate a taxi and was found 100kms closer to Paris than where she left ! So he decided to take her back. She died foa heart attack during a very hot Summer, poor girl. About Charles the 10th: He was regarded as a stupid and stubborn man, attached too much to the Ancient Regime protocoles... His brother, Louis the 18th who was very ill and impotent often smeared him towards other politicians who were criticizing him. "You think I'm impotent and handicapped with my legs? What will happen when you will have a brainless King instead?" refeering to Charles... History proved Louis the 18th right. Charles was thrown out in 1830 and replaced by Louis Philippe, the Bourgeois King of the French. Charles retired in Prague where he continued stubbornly to behave as if he was still a King (in exile) with all the protocol and so on... In France, we consider Prince Charles of England on a same level, very old to become king and ultimately stupid.

[@alfredoriosescandon197]

Republican: Person who supports the Republic as the form of government. Royalist: A person who supports the Monarchy and the royal Family as the form of government. Note: Napoleon's form of government was not a Monarchy but an empire so is incorrect to call Royalist to people who support Napoleon. He did not came from royalty. Napoleon's followers are simply called "Bonapartists". (Napoleon supported the idea of growing on the social ladder based on the merit) Also, about the hospital for veterans, "Hotel des invalides" was founded by Louis IX, way before Napoleon. It remains one the most amazing places to visit in Paris. It's beautiful. Napoleon's tomb as well as the museum of the Army are there.