Tagar Culture and Proto-Scythian Origins | DNA

This episode is based on the study titled "Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC.")
Early nomads in the Eurasian steppes since the beginning of the 1st millennium BC played a key role in the formation of the cultural and genetic landscape of populations of a significant part of Eurasia, from Eastern Europe to Eastern Central Asia.
Numerous archaeological cultures associated with early nomads have been discovered throughout the Eurasian steppe belt. The Tagar archaeological culture existed in the Minusinsk basin (Sayan Mountains, Southern Siberia, Russia) in the northeastern periphery of the Eurasian steppe belt from the 8th to 1st century BC during the pre-Scythian, Scythian, and Early Xiongnu-Sarmatian periods. In this study, we evaluated mtDNA diversity in the Tagar population based on representative series (N = 79) belonging to all chronological stages of the culture.
The Tagar population had a mixed mtDNA pool dominated by Western Eurasian haplogroups and subgroups (H, HV6, HV*, I, K, T, U2e, U4, U5a, and U*) and, to a lesser degree, Eastern Eurasian haplogroups (A*, A8, C*, C5, D, G2a, and F1b). The Tagar population showed a similar mtDNA pool structure to those of other Iron Age populations representing the “Scythian World.” We observed particularly high similarity between the Tagar and Classic Scythians from the North Pontic region.
Our results support the assumption that genetic components introduced by Bronze Age migrants from Western Eurasia contributed to the formation of the genetic composition of Scythian period populations in Southern Siberia. Another important component of the Tagar mtDNA pool was autochthonous East Eurasian lineages, some of which (A8 and C4a2a) are potential markers of the westward genetic influence of the eastern populations of the Scythian period. Our results suggest a genetic continuity (at least partial) between the Early, Middle, and Late Tagar populations.
Link to study : journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
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[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation. My latest history merch! Sea Peoples meet Late Bronze Age humor! I thought this was pretty amusing. teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Support the channel below! Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

[@TheLionFarm]

Where can I get the picture used at 1:40 ?

[@randyross5630]

Boring! How about Clan Ross (which was the Great Clan Ross, which was Clan Arias before) who do you think kicked the Vikings out of Scotland, but the War Master and Chief the 1st Earl of Ross Fearchar! The son of the Priest he who Falls from Apple Cross!

[@randyross5630]

They say the Line of Celtic Kings the Scottish Royal Bloodline Fall from, is from a Scythian King and an Egyptian Pharaoh's Daughter... So they say... Allegedly that is were we all Come from... Most people don't get that many Demographics of people migrated up to the North West of Asia, and think everyone looked like the Mongolians Presently do, but that is not the Case. If you look back to Greece, and really listen to what they say, like looked up to Scythia as the Height of Culture! But I have seen some a great many that skew the clear truths, the Egyptians got whipped out by the Muslims (who were part Mongolians) and the population looked more Mediterranean than currently given credit for, and the Scythians as much as Brown people like to steal White History, weren't Brown! And these Claims the our Royal Bloodlines aren't White but Black and such via such is so stupid! Do they not understand allot of areas with browner people in them, use to be a bit fairer in the past (probably not Pale) and their poeples were Butchered and their Populations replaced? Just look at Lebanon, my mother 50% Maronite, Pale as a Ghost! Should get more Sun! But now you look at Lebanon you think Brown People, and Brown people are fine, but lets not forget those aren't the historic populations! And those Palestinians that Lebanon let in when the Jews kicked them out, many now say they were the Phoenicians! Like many pretend they are the Egyptians, but they killed almost all the real Egyptians, and the European Royals have more Egyptian DNA (via the Pharaohs) than your average person in Egypt, and the Simple Fact is, allot of the area that surrounds the current fairer skin populations, use to extend much further! You can see many relic populations in the Middle East that are reflective of this, however do not get confused with the populations forcibly removed to far flung regions across an empire, which skews this some! Like look at the Armenians, and understand that is more the look of the Area was of old, and the Fact is most of those people got butchered and a Darker Complexation people replaced them! And comparing the Scythians to Gangus Khan which many like to do is not correct! Look were the Romans can from, and it was not Italy! They came in from around Scythia! Like the Germanic people seem to have! And its just hard for me to be Convince the Scythians were not White! I guess its possible they could of pushed the Historic Populations into Europe, and I am not trying to be Racist, but like people are, and the Fact is I think some had painted the Scythians as Brown People or like Gangus which wasn't the case! So because of Racism the Scythians have been dismissed, when really they were like the Bedrock of the Ancient Western Cultures!

[@randyross5630]

I truly hope you are calculating all the Mongolian Invasion with Khan being the very last into you equations! In their last invasion some dare say they killed 2/3rds the World with their Biological Warfare! Having Chinese Engineers Catapulting Plague Ridden Bodies into Western European Cities! And all the Cities they Whipped out, as Khan said they world would bare his Face, and that was the Last Invasion of Many! And they Drastically Changed the Genetics from Across the Russian Steps, over to Western Europe, and all throughout the Middle East! Not to mention the Peninsula and Sub Continent Populations that pushed out as in Arabian Peninsula and India. These Trends of Killing Off the Fairer Skin Populations continues to this Day, in the Middle East for an example, or how about a Bit again, in Spain, Southern Italy, Greece, Turkey and so forth! That last on use to be the Eastern Roman Empire, which ruled over an area in Asia that was full in the past of Greek City States, or people of a fairer complexation than are there now! And these Thoughts of getting rid of the fairer toned people continues, I have heard it right to my face, from a Part Arab how they plan on Out Breeding the White Race! And I was just joking in response about how we'd go underground and have cloning programs and would be fighting our robots and we'd Nuke everything (because he was saying to out bred than kill us) and he lost his shit, pacing back and forth you would do that wouldn't you, like we ruined their plan or something, and he was not alone, he was organized crime! OG! And its not Racist to understand these things against us. I can't stand when people say my Bloodline and others are none white Mongolians and their Brown Washing of History! And I'll see it infect some Ross' and they post links like hey Guys turns out we are Muslims! And it is like No! No we are not! So maybe it doesn't bother you, but to me pretending the Scythians were like Khan or the Egyptians are as Brown as the People there now bothers me, because Brown People make websites and pretend they have a Claim to us and other European Royals, and no they do not!

[@alisaaa7785]

The people of northern Iran (Tipuristan) and the people of Ostia are people of scythain, who are still quite unique. They aren't Turk and they don't related to the Turks. They are in the group of Iranian people.

[@Alakhana]

Modern interpretation of historical, archaeological and anthropological evidence has proposed two broad hypotheses on Scythian origins.[38] The first hypothesis, formerly more espoused by Soviet and then Russian researchers, roughly followed Herodotus' account of the Scythians as an Eastern Iranian-speaking group who arrived from Inner Asia, i.e. from the area of Turkestan and western Siberia.[38] The second hypothesis, according to Roman Ghirshman and others, proposes that the Scythian cultural complex emerged from local groups of the Srubna culture at the Black Sea coast,[38] although this is also associated with the Cimmerians. According to Pavel Dolukhanov this proposal is supported by anthropological evidence which has found that Scythian skulls are similar to preceding findings from the Srubna culture, and distinct from those of the Central Asian Saka.[39] Yet, according to J. P. Mallory, the archaeological evidence is poor, and the Andronovo culture and "at least the eastern outliers of the Timber-grave culture" may be identified as Indo-Iranian.[38] 38] Genetic evidence In 2017, a genetic study of the Scythians suggested that they can best be described as a mixture of European-related ancestry from the Yamna culture and an East Asian/Siberian ancestry, and emerged on the Pontic steppe. The authors concluded that there is evidence for significant geneflow from East-Eurasia to West-Eurasia, from various migrations during the early Iron Age.[9] Based on the analysis of mithocondrial lineages, another later 2017 study suggested that the Scythians were directly descended from the Srubnaya culture.[40] A later analysis of paternal lineages, published in 2018, found significant genetic differences between the Srubnaya and the Scythians. They further found that the nomadic population of Central Asia, e.g. the Scythians, were genetically heterogeneous and carried genetic affinities with populations from several other regions including the Far East and the southern Urals.[41] Another 2019 study also concluded that migrations must have played a part in the emergence of the Scythians as the dominant power of the Pontic steppe.[42] The Srubnaya culture is generally associated with archaic Iranian speakers.[2][3] The Srubnaya culture is generally considered to have been Iranian.[2][3] Its area, which coincides with the presence of Iranian hydronyms,[3] has been suggested as a staging region from which the Iranian peoples migrated across the Caucasus into the Iranian Plateau.[2] In a study published on 10 October 2015,[4] 14 individuals of the Srubnaya culture could be surveyed. Extractions from 100% of the males (six men from 5 different cemeteries) were determined to be of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a1. Extractions of mtDNA from fourteen individuals were determined to represent five samples of haplogroup H, four samples of haplogroup U5, two samples of T1, one sample of T2, one sample of K1b, one of J2b and one of I1a. A 2017 genetic study published in Scientific Reports found that the Scythians shared similar mitochondrial lineages with the Srubnaya culture. The authors of the study suggested that the Srubnaya culture was ancestral to the Scythians.[5] In 2018, a genetic study of the earlier Srubnaya culture, and later peoples of the Scythian cultures, including the Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians, was published in Science Advances. Six males from two sites ascribed to the Srubnaya culture were analysed, and were all found to possess haplogroup R1a1a1. Cimmerian, Sarmatian and Scythian males were however found have mostly haplogroup R1b1a1a2, although one Sarmatian male carried haplogroup R1a1a1. The authors of the study suggested that rather than being ancestral to the Scythians, the Srubnaya shared with them a common origin from the earlier Yamnaya culture.[6] In a genetic study published in Science in 2018, the remains of twelve individuals ascribed to the Srubnaya culture was analyzed. Of the six samples of Y-DNA extracted, three belonged to R1a1a1b2 or subclades of it, one belonged to R1, one belonged to R1a1, and one belonged to R1a1a. With regards to mtDNA, five samples belonged to subclades of U, five belonged to subclades of H, and two belonged to subclades of T. People of the Srubnaya culture were found to be closely related to people of the Corded Ware culture, the Sintashta culture, Potapovka culture and the Andronovo culture.[a][b] These were found to harbor mixed ancestry from the Yamnaya culture and peoples of the Central European Middle Neolithic.[7] The genetic data suggested that these cultures were ultimately derived of a remigration of Central European peoples with steppe ancestry back into the steppe.[c] The Saka, Śaka, Shaka, Śāka or Sacae (Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣𐎠 Sakā; Kharosthi: 𐨯𐨐 Saka; Brahmi: , Śaka; Sanskrit: शक Śaka, शाक Śāka; Ancient Greek: Σάκαι Sákai; Latin: Sacae; Chinese: 塞, old *Sək, mod. Sè, Sāi; Ancient Egyptian: 𓋴𓎝𓎡𓈉 sk, 𓐠𓎼𓈉 sꜣg) were a group of nomadic Iranian peoples who historically inhabited the northern and eastern Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin.[2][3] Modern scholarly consensus is that the Eastern Iranian language ancestral to the Pamir languages in Central Asia and the medieval Saka language of Xinjiang, was one of the Scythian languages.[98] Evidence of the Middle Iranian "Scytho-Khotanese" language survives in Northwest China, where Khotanese-Saka-language documents, ranging from medical texts to Buddhist texts, have been found primarily in Khotan and Tumshuq (northeast of Kashgar).[87] They largely predate the Islamization of Xinjiang under the Turkic-speaking Kara-Khanid Khanate.[87] Similar documents, the Dunhuang manuscripts, were discovered written in the Khotanese Saka language and date mostly from the tenth century.[99] Attestations of the Saka language show that it was an Eastern Iranian language. The linguistic heartland of Saka was the Kingdom of Khotan, which had two varieties, corresponding to the major settlements at Khotan (now called Hotan) and Tumshuq (now titled Tumxuk).[100][101] Tumshuqese and Khotanese varieties of Saka contain many borrowings from the Middle Indo-Aryan languages, but also share features with the modern Eastern Iranian languages Wakhi and Pashto.[102] Sources: * Lomazoff, Amanda; Ralby, Aaron (2013). "Scythians and Sarmatians". The Atlas of Military History. Simon & Schuster. p. 63. ISBN 978-1-60710-985-3. * Lubotsky, Alexander (2002). "Scythian Elements In Old Iranian" (PDF). Proceedings of the British Academy. Oxford University Press. 116 (2): 189-202. * Mallory, J. P. (1991). "The Iranians". In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language Archeology and Myth. Thames & Hudson. pp. 48-56. * Mallory, J. P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-884964-98-2. * Melykova, A. I. (1990). "The Scythians and Sarmatians". In Sinor, Denis (ed.). The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. pp. 97-117. ISBN 978-1-139-05489-8. * Minns, Ellis Hovell (2011). Scythians and Greeks: A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from the Danube to the Caucasus. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-02487-7. * Olbrycht, Marek Jan (2000). "Remarks on the Presence of Iranian Peoples in Europe and Their Asiatic Relations". Collectanea Celto-Asiatica Cracoviensia. Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka. pp. 101-104. ISBN 978-8-371-88337-8. * Szemerényi, Oswald (1980). Four old Iranian ethnic names: Scythian - Skudra - Sogdian - Saka (PDF). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 0-520-06864-5. * Day, John V. (2001). Indo-European origins: the anthropological evidence. Institute for the Study of Man. ISBN 0-941694-75-5. Retrieved March 2, 2015. * Bulletin of the Asia Institute: The Archaeology and Art of Central Asia. Studies From the Former Soviet Union. New Series. Edited by B. A. Litvinskii and Carol Altman Bromberg. Translation directed by Mary Fleming Zirin. Vol. 8, (1994), pp. 37-46. * Emmerick, R. E. (2003) "Iranian Settlement East of the Pamirs", in Ehsan Yarshater (ed), The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol III: The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian Periods, Part 1 (reprint edition) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 265-266.

[@PseudoPhlegm]

These history channels like yours are saving me from depression. I have found that in history we deal with the same issues as we do today. It makes me feel a little less stressed by world events. Knowing all civilizations collapse gives solace to a scared soul.

[@Bogey1022]

Sama got me through the past year

[@joh1109]

Only you can save yourself from depression if you count on others you will be subjected to their efforts and time and if they deviate you will fall... plants are medicine and understanding yourself and training yourself is crucial

[@galek75]

How the hell does collapse make you feel better?

[@elmersbalm5219]

@@galek75 you come to accept that it is part of life. Like the seasons and death. Helps shed another false certainty we are born with.

[@galek75]

@@elmersbalm5219 I mean, its not false certainty to say that collapse is bad.....

[@JohnLoganR]

superb information, visuals, and narration. A+ quality!

[@garrgravarr]

An excellent reading, and a great collection of visuals. Thank you.

[@dark_khan2232]

Really love tuning into your vids. Good shit dude.

[@MrZekinhaluiz]

People are loving it! Congratulations on the channel!

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Yes! Thank you! And as always we appreciate your support!

[@orchidorio]

Very informative. I love the history of the Ancient Near East. Understanding Asia provides insight. Thank you. Excellent! (3/29/21)

[@tonimontagna4281]

This is very exciting! More please

[@alexflett4395]

The mythology of Scotland has a Scythian prince marrying an Egyptian princess and fleeing with their followers and eventually founding what became the Picts. Interestingly the Symbol stones of the Picts have very similar marking as those of the Scythian.

[@orchidorio]

Very cool ! (3/29/21)

[@charleswalker1185]

I understood the Egyptian princess was the daughter of the Pharoah , who fled Egypt with Moses...

[@orchidorio]

@@charleswalker1185 That trollop! (4/15/21)

[@cs.b.3468]

and there is a reason why Margaret of Scotland was coming from Magyars.....

[@Joyride37]

There’s a common linguistic and cultural heritage between Scots, Picts, Scythians, Hindis, Pashtuns, Iranians, Greeks, etc. due to the expansion of proto-indo-european speaking steppe herders starting in waves around 4000-3000 BC. 400 modern day languages descend from whatever PIE was

[@andreav318]

Keep this up! Not enough info out there on Scythians.

[@andreav318]

@Lawrence Rummerfield huh? Who are aryans?

[@wordwarm7901]

I am a Scythian from northern Iran. I'm from Tipur group, which is a Scythian people. We aren't Turks and have nothing to do with Turks.

[@laaylagi6503]

@@wordwarm7901 scythians is in central Asia

[@laaylagi6503]

@TRUTH CENSORED because they are the descendants of scythians ,it doesn't mean Scythians are Scottish it means Scottish are of Scythian descent,but Scythians are more of central Asian descent than being European

[@fanzy1338]

@Thomas Kilogram There were no Turk in this region during Scythian era. Turks arrived much later.

[@maxrichter1984]

Hey, just wanted to say great work putting this much data into a coherent narrative. I am interested into wheter you prefer the term "culture" when describing the tangar due to specific overarching material culture or for some other reason other than a genetic cohesion. There are some scientists that nowadays like the terms cultural-/ and or technosphere when talking about for example the andronovo "culture". In my opinion it takes notice of the fluitivity of ethnic groups and corresponding material and/or religous traits. Under this relativly new conception of the central asian steppe people the kurgan thesis is much more comprehensible in my humble opinion

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). Unterländer, M., Palstra, F., Lazaridis, I. et al.Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age nomads of the Eurasian Steppe. Nat Commun 8, 14615 (2017). We observed particularly high similarity between the Tagar and Classic Scythians from the North Pontic region. In a comparison of our Tagar series with modern populations in Eurasia, we detected similarity between the Tagar group and some modern Turkic-speaking populations (with the exception of the Indo-Iranian Tajik population) (Fig 7; S2 Table). Among the modern Turkic-speaking groups, populations from the western part of the Eurasian steppe belt, such as Bashkirs from the Volga-Ural region and Siberian Tatars from the West Siberian forest-steppe zone, were more similar to the Tagar group than modern Turkic-speaking populations of the Altay-Sayan mountain system (including the Khakassians from the Minusinsk basin) (Fig 7). Based on our results, we can preliminarily conclude that there was genetic continuity, at least partially, between the Early, the Middle and the Late Tagar populations. We did not find evidence of extensive gene exchange between the Tagar population and any genetically distinct (with respect to the mtDNA pool) human groups. Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC) Pilipenko AS, Trapezov RO, Cherdantsev SV, Babenko VN, Nesterova MS, et al. (2018)Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC). PLOS ONE 13(9): e0204062.

[@thoirdhomhfiosrachadh]

The east scyhtians have a high % of eastasien mtdna. So they in parts trucik. Yes

[@dgetzin]

Ah, my favorite comic strip, Tagar the Torrible.

[@chele277]

Oh!!!

[@OldNavajoTricks]

And his sidekick Teddie.

[@themtbrowns]

🤣🤣

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

In a comparison of our Tagar series with modern populations in Eurasia, we detected similarity between the Tagar group and some modern Turkic-speaking populations (with the exception of the Indo-Iranian Tajik population) (Fig 7; S2 Table). Among the modern Turkic-speaking groups, populations from the western part of the Eurasian steppe belt, such as Bashkirs from the Volga-Ural region and Siberian Tatars from the West Siberian forest-steppe zone, were more similar to the Tagar group than modern Turkic-speaking populations of the Altay-Sayan mountain system (including the Khakassians from the Minusinsk basin) (Fig 7). Based on our results, we can preliminarily conclude that there was genetic continuity, at least partially, between the Early, the Middle and the Late Tagar populations. We did not find evidence of extensive gene exchange between the Tagar population and any genetically distinct (with respect to the mtDNA pool) human groups. Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC) Pilipenko AS, Trapezov RO, Cherdantsev SV, Babenko VN, Nesterova MS, et al. (2018)Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC). PLOS ONE 13(9): e0204062.

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@Jasta 2 according to who ??? This is your racist opinion

[@richern2717]

And yet they talk about Afanasevo and Andronova Cultures and genetics also.....West Eurasian with a more significant East Eurasian influence in the middle stage of the Tagar Culture....?

[@mr.purple1779]

@Jasta 2 Well done that you found familiar words from the whole lecture. RESULTS "Late Bronze Age (LBA) Srubnaya-Alakulskaya individuals carried mtDNA haplogroups associated with Europeans or West Eurasians (17) including H, J1, K1, T2, U2, U4, and U5 (table S3). In contrast, the Iron Age nomads (Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians) additionally carried mtDNA haplogroups associated with Central Asia and the Far East (A, C, D, and M) (table S3) (11, 18). The absence of East Asian mitochondrial lineages in the more eastern and older Srubnaya-Alakulskaya population suggests that the appearance of East Asian haplogroups in the steppe populations might be associated with the Iron Age nomads, starting with the Cimmerians." "Consistent with other Bronze Age populations, the Srubnaya-Alakulskaya individuals were positioned between the genetic variation of the European Mesolithic and the Near East Neolithic populations, being closer to the former and especially to the east European hunter-gatherers (Fig. 1C and figs. S6 and S8). These individuals had higher genetic affinity to Scythians compared to other Iron Age groups" "The results showed that Srubnaya-Alakulskaya formed a clade together with Yamnaya to the exclusion of other Bronze Age populations from Russia, Armenia, Jordan, and Hungary. This finding indicates that the Caucasus genetic contribution to the Srubnaya-Alakulskaya individuals was mediated by steppe ancestry instead of originating from the Levant (table S9). Both mean f3 statistics within populations and conditional nucleotide diversity (21) revealed that the genetic diversity was highest in the LBA Srubnaya-Alakulskaya population from the southern Ural region compared to all other Eurasian Bronze Age populations" "In the seventh century BCE, the Scythians appeared in the North Pontic region. Iron Age western Scythians displayed slightly higher intragroup diversity compared to that of the Bronze Age groups and formed four discrete clusters including NE, SE, SC, and CC clusters (Fig. 1C and table S10). Scythians belonging to the SE cluster were closer to Hungarian Bronze Age and Iron Age individuals including Vatya and Maros. The NE Scythian cluster fell close to the Iron Age individuals from modern-day Montenegro and Sweden (fig. S9). The SC Scythians further grouped with Early Sarmatians (12) and the Iron Age Scythian from modern-day Hungary (23). It has been hypothesized by Terenozhkin that Scythians reached the Pontic-Caspian steppe region from Central Asia (for example, from Andronovo) (7). To formally test this hypothesis, we calculated f4 statistics in the form of f4(Yoruba, Scythian, Srubnaya, BronzeAgeX), where “BronzeAgeX” refers to either Andronovo, Sintashta, or Afanasievo. This analysis revealed that the western Scythians (tested either as a single population or four different clusters) formed a clade together with Andronovo and two other Andronovo-originated populations to the exclusion of Srubnaya-Alakulskaya from the southern Urals (Fig. 3B and table S14), supporting the Central Asian origin of the western Scythians. Furthermore, the western Scythians shared more drift with Andronovo, Afanasievo, Sintashta, and Mezhovskaya to the exclusion of Yamnaya (table S15). While the eastern Scythians from an earlier study (12) formed a clade together with Srubnaya-Alakulskaya to the exclusion of Yamnaya, the western Scythians of the present study did not show this pattern." "The origins of Scythians of the western Pontic-Caspian steppe are difficult to resolve. We identified four different clusters within our geographically continuous sample set, which likely represent a varying gradient of different genetic components: the Northern cluster, SC, CC, and SE cluster. The latter was characterized by the presence of the NEN component representing local semi-nomadic Scythians with clear genetic uptake from the locals and possibly from other settlers such as the Greeks around the Black Sea region. Finally, the Sarmatians fell between all other nomads that form the bulk of the SC, suggesting that southern Urals is where the continuity of western nomads was sustained." "The diversity of Srubnaya-Alakulskaya individuals was on par with that of Sarmatians and Scythians (table S10) and was also the highest among all published Bronze Age individuals. The Muradym 8/Kazburun 1 site is a unique cultural mixing zone with an unusual number of culturally distinct burials of two different traditions (Srubnaya-Alakulskaya), but the individuals are genetically uniform across the time span of the sites, suggesting that diffusion may have been the main mode of cultural dispersal in the LBA." "In contrast to the eastern steppe Scythians (Pazyryks and Aldy-Bel) that were closely related to Yamnaya, the western North Pontic Scythians were instead more closely related to individuals from Afanasievo and Andronovo groups. Some of the Scythians of the western Pontic-Caspian steppe lacked the SA and the East Eurasian components altogether and instead were more similar to a Montenegro Iron Age individual (3), possibly indicating assimilation of the earlier local groups by the Scythians." "Our results showed that the Western Eurasian steppe nomads were not direct descendants of the Bronze Age Srubnaya-Alakulskaya individuals but shared elements of common ancestry with contribution from different peoples. The early nomads could thus be referred to as a “cultural and chronological horizon” represented by various cultures of the Scythian-Siberian world that was not composed of a genetically homogeneous and/or isolated group. Quite the contrary is observed. We observe little evidence of mobility from the Far East, suggesting that the main source of most Western nomads is likely found in eastern Pontic-Caspian steppe and southern Urals. Thus, we propose that the region, similar to the so-called Mongolian steppe generator of peoples during the Middle Ages, served as the generator of the west nomadic peoples that sustained the western nomadic horizon in the Iron Age."

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@Jasta 2 Harvard source is here😹😹 Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). Unterländer, M., Palstra, F., Lazaridis, I. et al.Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age nomads of the Eurasian Steppe. Nat Commun 8, 14615 (2017).

[@alisaaa7785]

According to Turkish beliefs, even ufo's are Turks.

[@Attila-zh5fe]

In Hungarian, the word "ANIMAL" had several meanings until the 19th century. It also meant the word animal, but it also meant the state of something. In folk songs, the antlers of the stag reach up to the sky and are covered with the light of shining stars, candles or the sun. The magnificent stag connects heaven and earth. Shamans wear deer antlers because they have a stronger connection to the sky than other people. This tradition appears not only among the Scythians but also among the Celts. kzbin.info/www/bejne/hWSzpJyIqcZ9m8U time 9:00. In the video below, a Hungarian folk prayer is sung, asking for God's blessing, and in the lyrics the miraculous deer appears, and one of the singers gestures to the miraculous deer with his hand. Descendants of Scythian rattling sticks can also be seen in use. The Scythian rattles often feature a stag. kzbin.info/www/bejne/nH_Kq2lvodaKaqc time 1:19.

[@Thor-Orion]

I wear antlers when I do the dance of the war god and dance the Tango de Taurus by fire light on Full Moon nights

[@Samuray1955]

Step, Nomad, Horse/Horse milk+meat eaters/Horse sacrifices/Horse riders/Joint human+horse burials/ Trousers, Kurgan culture is a protoTurk culture (Cimmerian, Scythian, Sak, Sarmatian, Massaget, Thracian/Frakian, Hun, Alan, Avar, Bulgar, Magyar, Peceneg, Khazar, Tatar...) from Altai to the Danube!

[@Stephen-uz8dm]

Also common to the ancestors of almost all indo European people, mongolic etc.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid.

[@mrroyale5688]

If anyone is interested in the meaning of the Scythian symbols in the Hungarian tradition, I will be happy to answer.

[@docvaliant721]

They are both Germanic.

[@gaborjuhasz5610]

​@@docvaliant721of course thy are! Atilla was German to?😢

[@georgepretnick4460]

Great video. The Altai region was an origin location not only for the late bronze/early iron age, but genetic evidence has shown the Altai to be the origin location for the people that crossed the land bridge to the Americas 15,000 to 18,000 years ago. Maybe not the same blood line as the Tagars.

[@michaelbarclay4803]

Bravo great detail in your comment

[@Alprtngakrc]

Tagar culture consists of agglutinative language speaking (most probably the pre proto-Turkish language) Sintashta culture people who left their own homeland in the geographical location which is called Bashkordistan today escaping from the invasion of Vedic language speaking Aryan people originally coming from India and BMAC people who left their own land in the land which called Horasan today in Central Asia escaping again from Vedic language speaking Aryan people coming originally from India in the late Bronze age. These are the main components of the proto-Turks who were known to be Scythians up until to the time Kok Turks took the name of Turk to themselves. Historical records never ever mention huge blond population for neither Iranic nor Aryan nor even Indo-Aryan people. This's a myth created by Nazi ideology. Descriptions of Iranic people is similar to the descriptions the phenotypes Semitic people like Assyrians and Indians. Chinese annals on the other hand mention huge blond and redhead and light eye people among Yenisei Kyrgyz people who are known with their incscription written with runic alphabet in Turkish language (Yenisei inscriptions) even earilier than Kok Turks.

[@myriamercolino3361]

There was some connection between Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia and Central Asia in the past?

[@meme-zv3pg]

Hello, I hope this is useful for you. I don't know what exactly you're interested in. Good luck in your research! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcek

[@TheCrestfallen59]

Does anyone know the name of the art piece that appears at 11:35? It's very interesting

[@cagriozkan1936]

"Miniature" it is quite common in chinese indian persian and turkish art

[@mrroyale5688]

The conquering Hungarians made up 10% of the local, Late Avar population of the Carpathian Basin. The local inhabitants are largely descended from Scythians who lived in the Carpathian Basin. About 60% of the conquering Hungarians were related to the Manysics, but the peoples with the most similar genetics were the Basques, Tatars (i.e. Volga Bulgars) and the Scythians of Asian Scythian and Hun Scythian origin. What links the Scythians of the Carpathian Basin with the Siberian Scythians?

[@docvaliant721]

Germanic and Celtic people have stories of being from the Scythians.

[@black_hole48]

​@@docvaliant721proto turks

[@viktorbaraga4514]

Would anyone know how come MT DNA mitochondrial matriarchal DNA is used and not just Y DNA patriarchal Son from father and so on.

[@burneyvisser]

Can you do the connection between these groups and those of the Americas

[@juniorberns]

still the video is interesting. The thought is worth considering.

[@myriamercolino3361]

My grandfather and my father they was born on Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia and there's a little church called La Rotonda in San Giovanni Rotondo city on Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia, and it seems like a little church I saw on this video today in Central Asia

[@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532]

It's good to remember that in Campobasso there is an eight century Bulgar cemetery with material culture from the steppes and 'mongolic' people along the usual Langobards of the time.

[@Sadoyasturadoglu]

@@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532 Bulgars are not Mongolic.

[@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532]

​@@Sadoyasturadoglu They are martians. What the fuck is wrong with you bro. Dozens of skulls from that specific site have been studied and are of mongolic anthropomorphic constitution. No point debating that.

[@EasternOrthodox101]

🤺☦🇷🇺Scythians are 1of the 3 Cimmerian (Gomer) races called Ashkenaz - the ancestors of Slavs, defined by haplogroup R1a-z283

[@VerbalWarrior162]

@@Sadoyasturadoglu The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid.

[@mr.purple1779]

Article 20 May 2022 "The genetic origin of Huns, Avars, and conquering Hungarians" Discussion The genomic history of Huns, Avars, and Conquerors revealed in this study is compatible with historical, archaeological, anthropological, and linguistic sources (summarized in Figure 7). Our data show that at least part of the military and social leader strata of both European Huns and Avars likely originated from the area of the former Xiongnu Empire, from present day Mongolia, and both groups can be traced back to early Xiongnu ancestors. Northern Xiongnus were expelled from Mongolia in the second century CE, and during their westward migration, Sarmatians were one of the largest groups they confronted. Sergey Botalov presumed the formation of a Hun-Sarmatian mixed culture in the Ural region before the appearance of Huns in Europe,38 which fits the significant Sarmatian ancestry detected in our Hun samples, although this ancestry had been present in late Xiongnus as well.22 Thus our data are in accordance with the Xiongnu ancestry of European Huns, claimed by several historians.39,40 We also detected Goth- or other Germanic-type genomes25 among our Hun period samples, again consistent with historical sources.39 The Conquerors, who arrived in the Carpathian Basin after the Avars, had a distinct genomic background with elevated levels of western Eurasian admixture. Their core population carried very similar genomes to modern Bashkirs and Tatars, in agreement with our previous results from uniparental markers.34,42 Their genomes were shaped by several admixture events, of which the most fundamental was the Mezhovskaya-Nganasan admixture around the late Bronze Age, leading to the formation of a “proto-Ugric” gene pool. This was part of a general demographic process, when most Steppe_MLBA populations received an eastern Khovsgol-related Siberian influx together with a BMAC influx,21 and ANA-related admixture became ubiquitous on the eastern Steppe,30 establishing the Scytho-Siberian gene pool. Consequently proto-Ugric groups could be part of the early Scytho-Siberian societies of the late Bronze Age to early Iron Age steppe-forest zone in the northern Kazakhstan region, in the proximity of the Mezhovskaya territory. Our data support linguistic models, which predicted that Conquerors and Mansis had a common early history.7,43 Then Mansis migrated northward, probably during the Iron Age, and in isolation, they preserved their Bronze-Age genomes. In contrast, the Conquerors stayed at the steppe-forest zone and admixed with Iranian-speaking early Sarmatians, also attested by the presence of Iranian loanwords in the Hungarian language.43 This admixture likely happened when Sarmatians rose to power and started to integrate their neighboring tribes before they occupied the Pontic-Caspian Steppe.44 All analysis consistently indicated that the ancestors of Conquerors further admixed with a group from Mongolia, carrying Han-ANA-related ancestry, which could be identified with ancestors of European Huns. This admixture likely happened before the Huns arrived in the Volga region (370 CE) and integrated local tribes east of the Urals, including Sarmatians and the ancestors of Conquerors. These data are compatible with a Conqueror homeland around the Ural region, in the vicinity of early Sarmatians, along the migration route of the Huns, as had been surmised from the phylogenetic connections between the Conquerors and individuals of the Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo culture in the Trans-Uralic Uyelgi cemetery.45 The PCA position of Conq_Asia_Core corresponds to modern Bashkirs and Volga Tatars (Figure 2A), and they cluster together with a wide range of eastern Scythians, western Xiongnus, and Tian Shan Huns,20 which is also supported by ADMIXTURE (Figure 2B). Okunevo culture, Tasmola culture, Pazyryk culture, Chandman_IA, Sargat culture , Early Xiongnu West, TianShan_Hun (TianShan Saka).

[@mrroyale5688]

The conquering Hungarians made up 10% of the local, Late Avar population of the Carpathian Basin. The local inhabitants are largely descended from Scythians who lived in the Carpathian Basin. About 60% of the conquering Hungarians were related to the Manysics, but the peoples with the most similar genetics were the Basques, Tatars (i.e. Volga Bulgars) and the Scythians of Asian Scythian and Hun Scythian origin. What links the Scythians of the Carpathian Basin with the Siberian Scythians?

[@mr.purple1779]

@@mrroyale5688 You confused the Basques, with the Bashkirs. And Scythians with Carpathian aborigenes.

[@mrroyale5688]

@@mr.purple1779 Right! The correct ethnonym in English is Bashkir.

[@myriamercolino3361]

How is possible Dna Haplogroup G-M285 on Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia?

[@danieltatman3803]

Cataclysm

[@myriamercolino3361]

@@danieltatman3803 maybe through Floating Universal of Noah?

[@myriamercolino3361]

My father Dna is Haplogroup G-M285 also called Haplogroup G1

[@Alakhana]

James Tod[25] writes that the tribes here alluded to are the Haihaya or Aswa, the Takshak, and the Jat or Getae; the similitude of whose theogony, names in their early genealogies, and many other points, with the Chinese, Tatar, Mogul, Hindu, and Scythic races, would appear to warrant the assertion of one common origin. Professor B. S. Dhillon states that the Jats are mainly of Indo-Scythian lineage with composite mixing of Sarmatians, Goths & Jutes in History and study of the Jats.[26] Historian James Tod agreed in considering the Jats to be of Indo-Scythian Stock.[27] Moreover, Sir Alexander Cunningham, Former Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India, considered the Jats to be the Xanthii (a Scythian tribe) of Scythian stock who he considered very likely called the Zaths (Jats) of early Arab writers.[28] He stated "their name is found in Northern India from the beginning of the Christian era." These people were considered by early Arab writers to have descended from Meds and Zaths.[29][30] Sir Cunningham believed that they "were in full possession of the valley of the Indus towards the end of the seventh century.[31] Stephen Fuchs suggests that the Jats probably migrated from Central Asia to India as a "predatory nomadic tribe".[32] Natalya Romanovna Guseva considered the Jats to be the descendants of the Sakas.[33] It has also been suggested that "the Rajputs proper were of mixed origin - pre-Muslim invaders such as Scythians, Bactrians, Parthians, Hunas and Gurjaras who came in before, say, the end of the 7th century."[34] Sir Alexander Cunningham, (Former Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India) wrote: The Xanthii (a Scythian tribe) are very probably the Zaths (Jats) of the early Arab writers. As the Zaths were in Sindh to the west of the Indus, this location agrees very well with what we know of the settlement of the Sakas (Scythians) on the Indian frontier.[35] Sir John Marshall, (Former Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India) wrote: "These Scythian invaders came principally from the three great tribes of Massagetae (great Jats), Sacaraucae, and Dahae (still exists as a Jat clan of Punjab)[36], whose home at the beginning of the second century B.C. was in the country between the Caspian sea (sea) and the Jaxartes river (Central Asia).[37] Arthur Edward Barstow wrote: "Greeks of Bactria (partly modern Afghanistan), expelled by the hordes of Scythians, entered India in the second and first centuries BC and are said to have penetrated as far as Orissa (an Indian province in south-east). Meanwhile the Medii, Xanthii, Jatii, Getae and other Scythian races, were gradually working their way from the banks of the Oxus (River valley in Central Asia) into Southern Afghanistan and the pastoral highland about Quetta (a Pakistani city), whence they forced their way by the Bolan Pass, through the Sulaiman Mountains into India, settling in the Punjab about the beginning of the first century AD. It is from these Scythian immigrants that most of the Jat tribes are at any rate partly descended."[38] A. H. Bingley wrote: "It is from these Scythian Immigrants that most of the Jat tribes are at any rate partly descended."[39] Professor Joyce Pettigrew wrote: "Another view holds that the Jats came from Asia Minor and Armenia in the successive invasions during the period 600 B.C. to A.D. 600."[40] Professor Henry Smith Williams wrote: "The extent of the Scythian invasion has been variously estimated. Some scholars believe that they virtually supplanted the previous population of India (means Punjab), and there seems little doubt that by far the most numerous section of the Punjab population is of Scythian origin."[41] Professor Pritam Singh Gill wrote: "There is a general concensus of opinion that Jats, and with them Rajputs and Gujjars were foreigners who came from their original home, near the Oxus, Central Asia."[42] Professor Tadeusz Sulimirski wrote: "The evidence of both the ancient authors and the archaeological remains point to a massive migration of Sacian (Sakas)/Massagetan ("great" Jat) tribes from the Syr Daria Delta (Central Asia) by the middle of the second century B.C. Some of the Syr Darian tribes; they also invaded North India."[43] Horace Arthur Rose wrote: "Many of the Jat tribes of the Punjab have customs which apparently point to non-Aryan origin. Suffice it to say that both Sir Alexander Cunningham and Colonel Tod agreed in considering the Jats to be of Indo-Scythian Stock. The former identified them with the Zanthi of Strabo (Greek Geographer of the ancient times) and the Jatii of Pliny (Roman writer) and Ptolemy (Another Greek Geographer of the ancient times); and held that they probably entered the Punjab from their home on the Oxus (in Central Asia) very shortly after the Meds or Mands (still exist as one of the Jat clans of the Punjab), who also were Indo-Scythians, and who moved into the Punjab about a century before Christ."[44] Sir Henry Miers Elliot wrote: "These ignorant tribes (Jats) pointing to the remote Ghazni (Afghanistan) as their original seat, the very spot we know to have been occupied by the Yuechi, or, as Klaproth says, more correctly, Yuti, in the first centuries of our era, after the Sakas (a Scythian tribe) were repelled back from the frontiers of India, and left the country between India and Persia open for their occupation. The Jat tribes not doubt emigrated, no at all once, but at different times, and it is probable that those in the North-West are among the latest importations."[45] I. Sara wrote: "Recent excavations in the Ukraine and Crimea. The finds points to the visible links of the Jat and Scythians."[46] Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff wrote: "My conclusion, therefore, is, that the Jats may be of Scythian descent."[47] Ujagir Singh Mahil wrote: "Jat were called Scythians; because they were the inhabitants of the ancient country of Scythia. The Jats who invaded the Punjab and conquered India up to Benares were called Indo-Scythians."[48] James Francis Katherinus Hewitt wrote: "Further evidence both of the early history and origin of the race of Jats, or Getae, is given by the customs and geographical position of another tribe of the same stock, called the Massagetae, or great (massa) Getae."[49] Sir George Fletcher MacMunn (Sir and Lt. General) wrote: "Alexander came to India in his capacity as the holder of the Persian throne. From his camp near Kabul (Afghanistan), the Macedonian (Alexander) summoned those chiefs whom Skylax (Persian general) had conquered in the old time afore, to come and renew their homage to their ancient Persian overlord in the person of himself. Several obeyed his summons, others did not, and it has been surmised that those who did were later arrivals, of Jat or Scythian origin, outside the normal Aryan fold as later comers to India."[50] Syed Muhammad Latif wrote: "A considerable portion of the routed army of the Scythians settled in the Punjab, and a race of them, called Nomardy, inhabited the country on the west bank of the Indus (river). They are described as a nomadic tribe, living in wooden houses, after the old Scythian fashion, and settling where they found sufficient pasturage. A portion of these settlers, the descendants of Massagetae, were called Getes, from whom sprung the modern Jats."[51] Dr. Gopal Singh wrote: "The Jats of the Panjab, are Scythians in origin and came from Central Asia, whose one branch migrated as far south in Europe as Bulgaria. "[52] N. Singh wrote: "The Scythians appear to originate from Central Asia. They reached Punjab between 50 B.C. and A.D. 50. It seems probable that the Scythian ancestors of the Jats entered the Sindh Valley (presently in Pakistan Kashmir) between 100 B.C. and A.D. 100."[53] Satya Shrava wrote: "The Jats are none other than the Massagetae (Great Getae) mentioned in Diodorus as an off-spring of the ancient Saka tribe.... a fact now well-known."[54] Bakhshish Singh Nijjar wrote: "The Jats are the descendants of Scythians, whose kingdom's capital was Scythia, in the present Ukraine (Ukrainian), Soviet Social Republic, is the constituent Republic of the European USSR (Population 49,757,000) in 1947. Now Ukraine's capital is Kiev, the third leading city in Russia. Before the invasion of the golden herd, 13th century B.C. Scythian, ancient kingdom of indeterminate boundaries, centered in the area north of the Black Sea."[55] Rima Hooja suggests that the Jats are "probably descendants of the Scythians who entered India in early historical times".[56]

[@dbbrown1949]

What is the proper pronounciation,if there is one,is it Sythian or Skythian,I have heard both.

[@xanshen9011]

The first one.

[@myriamercolino3361]

Maybe Gargano name is connected to Pergorga name from persians?

[@mlee7290]

Who would be most similar to Scythians? I heard Ossetians and Turkish but I have seen descriptions of Sarmatians, Alan's and Gepids etc as being blonde and tall? My dna test on mytrueancestry says Alans, Huns, Sarmatians, Gepids and Cumerians but my dna test on myheritage says I am Turkish lmao. I don't even look middle eastern and I know Geographical origin is different to race but that's not what I am asking. I am of Tartar origin.

[@alexwander7579]

There wasn't such nation or ethnicity as scythian, most likely they were different groups of nomads who migrated from Siberia or central asia, there were many migration waves from central asia, the earliest were scythians, then hunns, then mongolians, etc. Greeks called those nomads scythians, central Asian nomads were called sakas by persians, but only God knows how they called themselves. Obviously, they were excellent horseriders and archers, wich allowed them to move quickly during battles, no surprise they conquered many lands. Those nomads who went far to the west they looked european, so greeks described them as blonde and tall, but the nomads in Siberia were mixed, they had both European and Asian features, tagar culture was followed by tashtyk culture, tashtyk and Enissey kyrgyz are the same, the early Chinese scripts describe kyrgyz as tall barbarians with green eyes and red hair. In my opinion, initially they spoke turkic language, but they could speak some sort of iranian language as well in order to trade with them, maybe iranian language was international language at that time. Or maybe there were iranian nomads and turkic nomads and they had no connection, but I highly doubt it. I am afraid that all the academic and scientific works on scythians were written under the influence of Eurocentrism. I guess they just ignore or simply cannot accept the fact that those "scythians" in fact were turcic nomads, at least majority of them.

[@Alprtngakrc]

May I ask you why my comments are instantly deleted?

[@AssadNizam]

This reminds me of vajda’s study of the ket peoples language and lore. They say they used to live further south, further up the yenisei from where they remain now.. Chased away by two groups. I believe one was Kyrgyz.. but there’s one more whose name I can’t remember..:

[@Valhalla88888]

Were not the Celts and the Picts/Scots not from this region?

[@richern2717]

This makes me wonder how much Baskirs are related to the Afanasevo Culture and when some of their forefathers became Turkic speaking ? Could there be a link between the Baskirs and the Tocharian Language or Tocharians ? Same questions apply to the Volga Tatars...

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

What Tocharians and Afanasiyevo have to do with this culture 🤨

[@richern2717]

@@Nomadicenjoyer31 Distant Ancestors and the fact that the Tocharian Languages was influenced by Proto-Samoyedic according to a recent paper...The Kurasuk and Tagar Cultures basically overlaps and borders the area where Samoyedic Languages is and was spoken. Since Baskirs and Western Tatars are the closest to the Tagar Culture genetically it basically shows that there could have been a very distant relationship. We just need some actual Tocharian DNA samples to see if this pans out.

[@richern2717]

@@Nomadicenjoyer31 In the timeline Kurasuk and Tagar Cultures are closest to the Tocharian culture and there are doubts that a purely Afanasevo or Afanasevo/Okunevo language survived in the Tarim Basin for nearly 2000 years and still be as close to Western European Languages (Eg. Germanic and Celtic) as it is. So Languages of the Andronova complex (Which includes previous Afanasevo/Okunevo territories) with their northern descendants could have had something to do with Tocharians.

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@@richern2717 We don’t know anything about Tocharians dna

[@richern2717]

@@Nomadicenjoyer31 You clearly did not read what I wrote: "We just need some actual Tocharian DNA samples to see if this pans out." Second last post.

[@Alarix246]

I wonder of the pictures shown were related to the narrative at all, and if, then which ones were related to which part of that narrative. 😁

[@martian6865]

They weren’t. But you’re also annoying

[@mudra5114]

Scythians were always described as light eyed and light haired.

[@JACK_TheAllSeeingEye]

I always wondered where Moebius got the idea for those weird penile hat shapes😅

[@iesureloaded6139]

Very interesting. The Scythian's are a mysterious people.

[@julianpetkov8320]

@Thomas Kilogram Peter the Greek I, spent such intense effort erasing the Bulgar history and promoting his invented "Russian" identity, that even Baba Yaga fairy tales were changed from "I smell human" to "I smell Russian". But the Soviet historians took the cake with their "Rus Viking" myth. The Russian identity is a religious cult more than anything else.

[@sterinumm4765]

@craig Kilo talk only sh**

[@timurthelamest5630]

Thomas Kilogram As a half Iranian and half Turk (therefore removing bias from this debate) the Scythians were Iranic who spoke an Eastern Iranian language. I base this information off of archaeology, historical sources and DNA. You base your information off of Erdogan Elementary School.

[@jonjonboi3701]

@Thomas Kilogram The Scythians are not Turkic. They are indo European people and East Slavs are the closest to Scythians

[@notorious9278]

@Thomas Kilogram Turks were asian looking people the scythians were Iranian looking. You Greek and Armenian hybrids are stealing history of other warriors. You history Thieves.

[@myriamercolino3361]

Maybe Dauni people of king Dauno on Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia was connected to Central Asia in the past?

[@joannamonastra7660]

The Dauni people of Gargano came from the Iapyges. The name of Puglia (Apulia) comes from the name Iapyges. Their Messapian language is Indo-European and shows resemblances to Albanian from the Balkans. Indo-European languages spread to the Balkans from the Yamnaya Pontic-Caspian Steppe. So no, not Central Asian. Other Yamnaya groups spread to Central Asia, though. Indo-Iranian. Tocharian.

[@myriamercolino3361]

@@joannamonastra7660 thanks for the answer

[@joannamonastra7660]

@@myriamercolino3361 Hai ascoltato "Tarantella del Gargano" da Alessandra Belloni? Ella specializza nella musica e danza di Puglia.

[@myriamercolino3361]

@@joannamonastra7660 Yes, I heard it

[@myriamercolino3361]

One of the ancient people on Gargano Mount in Northern Apulia is Dauni people

[@cpcreit]

funny when you examine their facial features, one can draw conclusion they were first interracial tribe w/ multiple features from different groups. At the 11:59 mark, the depicted woman reminds me of a famous actress from China called Gong Li. I have always found certain eastern European border lining Mongolia to be exceptionally beautiful w/ their chiseled facial features and distinct look in their eyes.

[@themanwhotsoldtheworld1388]

View Images: Cairn T Ceiling Stone

[@pavelpetrescu2191]

I am also interested about Dacien, can you please make a material about it?

[@chadwickreno8499]

What would be your pick for the closest modern descendants of the Scythians? Mine would be modern day Afghans

[@numb3r5ev3n]

The Ossetians have an oral history of being descended from the Scythians.

[@TheLionFarm]

Ashkenaz

[@mr.purple1779]

@@TheLionFarm Zero ratio.

[@TheLionFarm]

@@mr.purple1779 see my page as genetics is not enough but actual historical information, as there is a conspiracy and a cover-up going on

[@TheLionFarm]

@@mr.purple1779 see Ashkanazi must see

[@theknave4415]

Migrations, return migrations, invasions, etc., it's a complex mess to sort out, especially with relatively small amounts of data. e.g. Mal-ta Culture, earliest known R Y-DNA in Baikal Russia (Mal'ta Boy), but we all assume that all Western R Y-DNA migrated into Asia from the West. ;)

[@xanshen9011]

The opposite actually. Although the Ancient North Eurasians are described as “basal caucasoids” we can see from Y dna haplogroup that they are of east eurasian origin, haplogroup R descends from haplogroup P1, which originated somewhere in east Asia/south east Asia and we can see the highest frequency of haplogroup P1 in the modern day population of the Aeta people in the Philippines. We can thus infer that the Mal’ta boy and other Ancient North Eurasians where a mixed race people with western women mating with east eurasian men.

[@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532]

Tagar culture lineages are specifically European in origin.

[@merketarif126]

@@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532 And they are still ashamed of their "Turuk agglutinative" origin. :)

[@Cardboard90]

Haplogriup R isn't East Eurasian. P1 is present jn Southeast Asia because it wejt extinct in Eurasia. Haplo K and R are of West Eurasian origin and ANE are not descendend from west eurasian women and "East eurasian men". The only mixing that happened was when Ancient North Eurasian men mated with East Asian women, leading to the formation of paleosiberians and Native Americans.

[@Alprtngakrc]

@@vacinadefrangoedurateston2532 May I ask you who told you this nonsense. Genetic research clearly mention lineage links with contemporary Turks and Tagar culture as well as Scythians.

[@EzraBenKhazar]

I have dna from Tuva so i think my ancestors were in the Aldy-Bel culture. This is close enough

[@mitkodimitrov8396]

hu are Sevar and Balandjar peoples,do you know ?

[@hellavadeal]

Where these steppe people the first to bread and tame horses?

[@xanshen9011]

It was the Botai culture of Kazakhstan actually. They are not considered an indo-european people.

[@servantofsusa]

No kassites of zagros did that first

[@warriorqueen6392]

This descendant of Troy went to Scythian, Trojans, Cimmerians, Sicambri, Franks, Gaul,Alsace, Europe. What mitochondrial dna did you come up with? Found my mitochondrial dna in mummies in Egypt descendant of Judah as well.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid.

[@MultiSciGeek]

This is great because it's adapted from an actual research paper, so I don't have to read. However it could be even shorter, faster paced, and to the point.

[@agentorange6085]

Perhaps I could perform a mime illustrating the description under the video so you don't need to read that either...

[@johnmanno2052]

I agree. This needed a good tech writer to edit and summarize. Much of what was related was stuff that's absolutely necessary in a particular kind of research paper intended for a specific audience and a specific publication, but is almost completely useless to anyone else

[@tonyu5985]

2:07 High cheekbones almond shaped eyes.

[@xanshen9011]

Very interesting.

[@mudra5114]

In artworks, the Scythians are portrayed exhibiting Caucasoid traits.[156] In Histories, the 5th-century BC Greek historian Halicarnassus of Halicarnassus describes the Budini of Scythia as red-haired and grey-eyed.[156] In the 5th century BC, Greek physician Hippocrates argued that the Scythians were light skinned[156][157] as well as having a particularly high rate of hypermobility, to a point of affecting warfare.[158] In the 3rd century BC, the Greek poet Callimachus described the Arismapes (Arimaspi) of Scythia as fair-haired.[156][159] The 2nd-century BC Han Chinese envoy Zhang Qian described the Sai (Saka), an eastern people closely related to the Scythians, as having yellow (probably meaning hazel or green) and blue eyes.[156] In Natural History, the 1st-century CE Roman author Pliny the Elder characterises the Seres, sometimes identified as Saka or Tocharians, as red-haired, blue-eyed and unusually tall.[156][160] In the late 2nd century AD, the Christian theologian Clement of Alexandria says that the Scythians and the Celts have long auburn hair.[156][161] The 2nd-century Greek philosopher Polemon includes the Scythians among the northern peoples characterised by red hair and blue-grey eyes.[156] In the late 2nd or early 3rd century AD, the Greek physician Galen writes that Scythians, Sarmatians, Illyrians, Germanic peoples and other northern peoples have reddish hair.[156][162] The fourth-century Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus wrote that the Alans, a people closely related to the Scythians, were tall, blond and light-eyed.[163] The fourth-century bishop Gregory of Nyssa wrote that the Scythians were fair skinned and blond haired.[164] The 5th-century physician Adamantius, who often followed Polemon, describes the Scythians as fair-haired.[156][165]

[@Alprtngakrc]

Chinese annals mention huge blond and redhead and light eye population among Yenisei Kyrgyz people who're Turks. People should understand this that physical traits of populations can change in time depending on the geographical location they live.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@heidimariebee]

Why discuss things like mtdna without saying which ones you’re discussing??

[@RamZar50]

Scythians like other nomadic tribes of the great Eurasian Steppe were excellent horsemen, archers and strong subsisting on meat and milk. Their only remains of were in kurgans (burial mounds) with lots of valuables, weapons and even horses.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@saumensingh9482]

Sakas are R1a1a/R1a1Y, it's the marker of Vedic warrior caste (Kshatriya), conquered Europe directly from India or Iran laying bridge b/w India & Europe for later Kshatriyas to Europe. Europe's monarchies came after 5th c., that's 1200 years after Sakas' empire. Read more 👉Founder & kings of all European, Mediterranean, C.Asian, Steppe, SE Asian nations are Bharath's Vedic/Arya warrior caste R1a1aY/R1a1Y (Kshatriyas), this marker didn't exist in Steppe to Europe before 1k BCs. In 2k BCs Aryas' Bharath was upto Anatolia, Mittani-Hatti-Hari deities are purely RgVedic. Only Bharath, Mesopotamia, Ezypt nations existed then. In 1k BCs Mede, Persia, Greco-Roman, Saka, TochaArya nations are fragmentation & extension of Aryas. At last Aryas extended to Europe in 1k CEs. In 1k BCs CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani, TochaArya, Kushan, Wushun, Xiangno, Khotan Aryas have conquered Northern hemisphere+China while MHH descents have conquered Greece Italy. Only Aryas can bring IE language, chariot, Mitra, the thunder/sky God, astronomy, astrology, funerary cremation in Greece, Italy. Aryas in west have turned blonde/white breeding with white women (Yamnyan Celt R1bY, Sintashtan Vened R1aY) like brown Jews have turned blonde. Europe's literature came after 10th c., Greek literature after 8th c BC., Iran's literature after 10th c BC., RgVeda is the oldest of all. Aryas from Eastern India have founded nations in China enroute Burma-Yunnan & SE Asia too. Conquest of west by Aryas. 👉2k BCs Mittani-Hatti-Hari conquered upto Anatolia.👉800 BCs CimmeArya, Saka upto Balkan, Ukraine, Russia. 👉500 BCs Parsu upto Greece, Balkan.👉400-200 BCs Sauromata, Alani conquered Ukraine & upto British Irish isles, RgVedic Goddess Danu is there.👉400 CEs one Alani band upto Spain raiding Greece, Italy. 👉400 CEs. Xiangno, Khotan descents Hun conquered 1/2 Europe. Groups from India Iran have conquered whites.👉Since 800 BCs whites (Celt,Vened), C.Asian, G.Steppe tribals are conquered by Aryas (CimmeArya, Saka, Sauromata, Alani, Roxolani, TochaArya, Kushan, Wushun, Xiangno, Khotan).👉By Parsus of Persia.👉By Mittani descent Roman.👉By Xiangno, Khotan descent Hun.👉By Irani Arya led Moors.👉By Turk, Mongol. Lords of T-M tribals are Tocha-Arya, Khotan. Tribals don't give birth to conquerors. Rulers don't share common race with subject even though they speak subject's language. Tribals could invade civilizaions only after Aryas became their chieftains. Lords of Arabian tribals are MHH descents. Think why T-M, Arab & from Europe couldn't invade civilizaions before 7th c. 2k BCs Mittanis are the first to subdue great Mesopotamians. R1a1aY, R1a1Y is the conqueror, it's in all later conquerors Chinese, Tibetian, T-M, C.Asian, SE.Asian, Arab, Jews, Middle Eastern, North African. ++++++++ Whites (Celt, Venedi) aren't IE/Arya, no evidence of native language, nation. Let alone riding chariot, never rode horse. Roman labelled them subhum@n. IBN Fadlan described yellow haired are f!lthiest. Till 10th c. custom of r@ping, hum@n s@crifice. Whites aren't martial race but they @nnihilate weakers, they've @nnihilated native Euros. Roman, Saka, Sauromata, Hun could do the same with whites but didn't. In last 1k years Kshatriyas in west assimilating with whites carried out gen0cides of American, African, Asian, Australian. Hiroshima nuking, WW1/2. British rulers who are R1a1a/R1a1Y l00ted $45 tril. alone from India & feeding whites leaving over 10 mil. starved to death. Vedic civilization is destroyed by her own children. Kshatriyas at home lost due to long imbedded nonviolence ethics from Buddhism, Jainism, Vaishnavism & decay in racial purity. ++++++++ Stark difference in civilization confirms west is multiracial. Celt, Vened are only whites who've changed others' physiognomy giving their women while their whiteness is reduced by others. Browns were Arya from India, Phonecian-Etruscan-Jews from Middle East. Negroids from Sahara. C.Asian, native Euros, Gypsies, Mongoloids too. Kshatriyas were massive in height & girth, dark haired/eyed, brown skinned (see earliest images of Greco-Roman, Alexander TG, 6th c. Byzantine emperor with Vandals, Persian, Saka, TochaArya, Kushan, Khotan, Xiangno). ++++++++ Kshatriyas are founder of Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Kshatriya Buddha, Mahavira, Ashoka TG, Kurus TG are the greats no other race could give birth. Abrahamic religions are existing because Kurus TG saved Judaism, he's the only non-Jews regarded "messiah". Literature of all civiliations can't reach 1/4 of Vedic. RgVeda is the oldest IE literature. 45% Earth's population speak Arya languages. Aryas who surpass even great Mesopotamian, Ezyptian can't originate from civilizationless Steppe. Oldest chariot found in "Sinauli" India. Oldest city "Rakhigarhi". None ever rode Chariot in Steppe. Vedics=Aryas=IE. +++++++ Will Durant, American historian. "India was the motherland of our race, and Sanskrit the mother of Europe's languages: she was the mother of our philosophy; mother, through the Arabs, of much of our mathematics; mother, through the Buddha, of the ideals embodied in Christianity; mother, through the village community, of self-government and democracy. Mother India is in many ways the mother of us all." William James, American Author "From the Vedas, we learn a practical art of surgery, medicine, music, house building under which mechanized art is included. They are encyclopedia of every aspect of life, culture, religion, science, ethics, law, cosmology and meteorology"

[@saumensingh9482]

Fresh arrivals of Kshatriyas from gangetic plains. 👉Norse literature came not before 10th c. (Europe's oldest literature), that's 500 years younger than India's regional Bengali literature. Norse, Goths derived from CimmeAryas+fresh Kshatriyas from gangetic plains. N-Gs are definitely R1a1aY/R1a1Y marker. Mauryan & Gupta royals had family feuds expelling one another or on diplomatic missions some left for East & West, forming warrior groups. N-G penetrated north of Europe not before 4th c. Evidences of fresh arrivals of Kshatriyas. 👉A Vishnu idol of Gupta age in Volga Russia.👉Vimana like structures in Eurasian castles, churches. Vimana like structures in west are certainly not Greco-Roman. 👉Timber built Kiev, Novogorod cities are adoption of Mauryan to Gupta age cities. (Megastenes, Faxian gave accounts of timber built cities in India). 👉Timber architecture of Scandinavia still survives in the Himalayas. 👉Funerary cremation rite of Norse Goths. 👉Baltic languages akin to modern North Indian languages. 👉Scandinavia is named after lord Shiva's son Scanda+Nauv, Nauv= Ship in Sanskrit. Or may be named after emperor Scanda Gupta. CimmeArya, Saka Kshatriyas were great conquerors but they lacked literature which is filled by freshly arrived Kshatriyas. Khotan nobles of Tarim basin are also believed to be Mauryan descents. Their progenies too conquered west comprising in Hun, Turk, Mongol tribals. Some Mauryan, Gupta royals moved to Indo-China too (ref. GE Gerini).

[@Excalibur12898]

Mittani is not indo europan

[@VerbalWarrior162]

@@Excalibur12898 The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@primzilledingyv9299]

Saka language today is Pashto and Pashtun are Saka ,the only language together with Ossetian , Munjhi , Wakhi and Sarikoli and Tumshuq and Khotanese Saka of Tarim basin in Xinjiang that still follow Saka ways . Saka, Bactrian, Khwarezmi , Sogdian all related East Iranic languages and cultures.

[@user-xv9rf2ll3m]

Sakha is also a Yakutian Language. Tumshuq, Sarikoli are also Turkic words.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

@@user-xv9rf2ll3m History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@themanwhotsoldtheworld1388]

Scythians were around before Mesopotamia also known by the Scythe, as well as with bigger cities that can be found throughout Eastern Europe..... They come from Atlantaen Heritage of Proto-Indo-Europeans moving inland from Rockall Bank/Plateau after Younger Dryas Multiple Asteroid Impact Event in Great Lakes, Greenland & Africa, and is why our genes can be found around the world... even found in the Indigenous Natives(Ancient Algonquin) of North America before we were divided and they Moved off the Atlantic Plains, where they inherited North America from the Clovis Culture following the cataclysmic impacts event & in the aftermath when the Atlantic rose by 100 Meters over the span of 1000 years during Melt Pulse 1a. The Mediterranean had flooded by the end of Melt Pulse 1b causing the rising oceans to retreat at least for a while... while evicting "the chosen ones" from their homeland in the "sunken garden of Eden"... Ironically after having refused providing ANY Sanctuary to the original survivors who were moving inland to escape the rising waters, so when the Garden flooded and THEY needed sanctuary, none was to be given in return... leading to the Attack at Jericho... by a mob of incestual xionist genocidal maniacs that still pervade Humanity today as they have again returned to Jericho taking it over while evicting those who had inherited the land known as Jericho/Jordan/Palestine, after their ancient ancestors were slaughtered by the incestual ancestors of these same people... Cain Abel ism & Incest is why there were "Cro-Magnon" species.... even today this genetic line of people own red cross, that sells 80% of donated blood as plasma overseas to drug manufacturers.. they want to make everyone "presumed Donors" so they don't even need our consent to harvest our organs... Vampires ARE Real! 🧛‍♂️🧛‍♀️ Cain Abel ism & Incest creates madness in the brain.. like rabies.... making up excuses for their many genocides with stories of supernatural beings speaking to them.... but let's move on! African secondary impacts of Daedalus or Phaethon(Sumerian) are responsible for both sedimentary layers leaving behind the "Eye of Sahara" before Daedalus/Phaethon landed in Red Sea(Eridanus River), remaining today as Dahlak & Farasan Islands. The impact of Icarus in Greenland left a 31km wide crater underneath the ~5 km thick Hiiawatha Glacier during the ice age 13000 years ago while the initial impact of Daedalus striking the ~3 km thick Laurentide Ice Sheet left the 310 km Niagara Escarpment beneath as it shattered the Ice Sheet which triggered the Missoula Floods that followed as well as ejecting Glacial Debris that formed the Carolina Bays....

[@kimbeloved19]

Scythians fought Assyrians with the Medes

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@laconically]

11:20 The group of Muscovite Neo-Paganist Pseudo-Slovenic Finno-Ugric cosplayers has nothing to do with the Proto-Scythians whatsoever.

[@myriamercolino3361]

Maybe my grandfather and my father they descent from Persians and Phoenicians

[@user-ch5lc1pk1z]

I don’t know about narrow eyes. but the figurines are blonde. and the Macidonian why I went through us through the Crimea through the Caucasus through the top did not go here. and if he did, no one knew about it. it means he was either friends or was afraid. heard that he wielded two swords at once. he could adopt this art somewhere. most likely from the east side. Altai princess blonde. Chinese massacre wall. the light priest in Iran, the Volga is the mother of all rivers. Tatar Mongols are Mongolians and Tatars are Slavs Tartars. who split from the main Slavs to Rome. and the war of civilizations. English book the word is similar to the Russian capital letter consonantly composed of letters.

[@xanshen9011]

You are speaking in riddles.

[@Samuray1955]

The descendants of the Scythians belong to the native speakers of the Türkic languages (translated from Russian) “Scientists from the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberia Branch of the Academy of Sciences (Russia), together with colleagues from Germany, the USA and France, conducted the largest genetic study of carriers of the Scythian culture from all over Eurasia in order to understand the demographic foundations of the history of the Scythians. It turned out that the Scythians from different ends of the Eurasian steppe are closer to each other than to other peoples, and their descendants belong to the speakers of the Turkic languages. The research results are presented in the journal Nature Communications.” Scientists worked with genome-wide data on eight individuals and mitochondrial DNA of 96 people who lived in the first millennium BC in the Eurasian steppe, from the Black Sea region to Altai. It turned out that behind the unity of the Scythian culture of the Iron Age, traced by archaeological discoveries, lies a genetic unity. Despite the fact that the Scythians of eastern and western Eurasia originally belonged to different peoples, over time, the flow of genes, going in both directions, led to the unification of this people throughout the steppe. As for the origin of the Scythians, the researchers distinguish two main components: the peoples of the Yamnaya culture (Eurasian nomads of the Bronze Age) and the peoples of East Asia (northern Siberia). As for the descendants of the Scythians, genetically closest to them are modern populations living near the Scythian burials excavated by archaeologists - which indicates some continuity between population groups. The descendants of the Western Scythians can be found among the various peoples of the Caucasus and Central Asia, and the eastern ones - only among the Turkic-speaking peoples (the Kypchak language group). The last link requires a separate study: it is usually believed that the expansion of the Turkic languages in Eurasia began much later, from the 6th century AD. The influence of the Scythians on the ethnogenesis of the Turkic peoples can be clarified in the framework of future genetic studies. (the link has been deleted for an unknown reason... www.sib-science.info/ru/institutes/skify-okazalis-predkami-03032017?fbclid=IwAR0D6fefbc_mu549OpNgNDHqBSOwAztb1Ad5uIBTrGNUx-WwN5g9WrPXiA8 )

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@V.A.85]

Genetically speaking, Europeans from today still have over 60% Palaeolithic populations genes who use to live in Europe. Central Asian populations have less than 15% influence in Europeans genes. However, Europeans and especially Eastern Europeans have great cultural influence, from central Asian populations, due to their warrior culture. But the biggest influence, genetically and culturally is from Middle Eastern populations.

[@tattooairinc6308]

If the entire Middle Eastern population had originally arrived in the Middle East from Central Europe ( because they can go to Eastern and Western Europe as well ) and logically brought the foundations of their culture with them and therefore had constant contact with their original homeland and relatives ... Then the cultural and genetic influence between Europe and the Middle East would be exactly as it is based on current data ? At one time all the people of the world spoke the same language and used the same words. As the people migrated to the east, they found a plain in the land of Babylonia and settled there. - Genesis 11,1 - 2 New Living Translation ( NLT )

[@richq11]

They must have been pretty advanced, they had corrugated tin roofs... 7:56

[@TyLarson]

Ancient Greek Σκυθία (Skuthía). Skythan or skoothan or skyphan are all pronunciations used that are reasonable. Sithian sounds like they are enemies of the jedi.

[@TyLarson]

@S SoHeeloe I like the romanized Skythikē as well. In general a S sound leading a K sound with an A or E end is good enough especially since names change over millennia. Sacae fits that requisite while Sithian does not.

[@TyLarson]

@S SoHeeloe and there is the Saka who are one of many scythian cultures: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saka

[@richern2717]

Apparently Tocharian Language/s were possibly influenced by Proto-Samoyedic. This puts the Tagar Culture in a very interesting location, approximately overlapping and bordering the Samoyedic speaking areas....

[@richern2717]

The Tagar Culture was also dominantly Europoid, so ? And yes I know Tocharian Languages are Indo-European Languages, so I don't know what you are trying to tell me ?

[@richern2717]

@Thomas Kilogram Proto Turkic in its early stage or the later stage when significantly more East Asian like Ancestry come into the picture ?

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@@richern2717 Altaic theory is died long before

[@richern2717]

@@Nomadicenjoyer31 What does the Altaic theory have to do with Tocharian Language having some influence from Proto-Samoyedic ?

[@richern2717]

@Thomas Kilogram Did you even listen and read what this video was all about ? To clarify. I'm talking about the Tagar Culture.

[@tbill647]

“atoxinous”? a lil help please?

[@KeinsingtonCisco]

Good Job! Did you know that some ancient authors like the Greek Megasthenes said that the Scythians originate in the Himalayas? Did you know that the Buddha (Shakyamuni) and most of early India in the Magadha region had some Scythian roots? Cheers!

[@KeinsingtonCisco]

@Thomas Kilogram Sorry friend but Turkic people have Y-haplogroups like Q, C, and D etc. Scythians have Y-haplogroups like R1

[@KeinsingtonCisco]

@Thomas Kilogram They are more Indo-Iranian in their skeletal composition but there is some maternal haplogroup mixing with the women of the eastern steppe

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@Thomas Kilogram Turks are predominantly J and R but almost nobody knows that (most of people think turks and mongols are same in genetics) however it is not :))

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@Thomas Kilogram Altaic theory is died long before bro

[@Nomadicenjoyer31]

@Thomas Kilogram Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). Unterländer, M., Palstra, F., Lazaridis, I. et al.Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age nomads of the Eurasian Steppe. Nat Commun 8, 14615 (2017). We observed particularly high similarity between the Tagar and Classic Scythians from the North Pontic region. In a comparison of our Tagar series with modern populations in Eurasia, we detected similarity between the Tagar group and some modern Turkic-speaking populations (with the exception of the Indo-Iranian Tajik population) (Fig 7; S2 Table). Among the modern Turkic-speaking groups, populations from the western part of the Eurasian steppe belt, such as Bashkirs from the Volga-Ural region and Siberian Tatars from the West Siberian forest-steppe zone, were more similar to the Tagar group than modern Turkic-speaking populations of the Altay-Sayan mountain system (including the Khakassians from the Minusinsk basin) (Fig 7). Based on our results, we can preliminarily conclude that there was genetic continuity, at least partially, between the Early, the Middle and the Late Tagar populations. We did not find evidence of extensive gene exchange between the Tagar population and any genetically distinct (with respect to the mtDNA pool) human groups. Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC) Pilipenko AS, Trapezov RO, Cherdantsev SV, Babenko VN, Nesterova MS, et al. (2018)Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC). PLOS ONE 13(9): e0204062.

[@BeingisdWord]

Why does a Subsaharan African has a DNA deep dive match from Proto-Saka, Saka ,Crimeans,etc when they are Africans with no recent foreign heritage?

[@miraman1516]

Interior of that Church is the same as Russian and Serbian orthodox churches nowadays!

[@geraldbrefka1145]

We Poles are 50/50 Sarmatian/Slavic. All Slavs have Sarmatian DNA, but we Poles have the most. The Amazons are the daughters of the Sarmatians when we were forced to be the cavalry of the Romans.

[@eveszymanska5792]

Dam right !!

[@c0detearz320]

Polish people came from Afghans of which proto aryans came from

[@nestingherit7012]

Mariusz, ha, ha 😂

[@geraldbrefka1145]

@@nestingherit7012 they found the tombs of the Amazons they have our DNA

[@merketarif126]

@@geraldbrefka1145 yes and they found one of the descendant: a turkic girl in mongolia.

[@boyanpetkov4098]

Where is Bulgaria in this story?

[@DimitarDimitrov-bk4xm]

Няма смисъл да питаш хора, които продължават да считат готите за германци,?! Без мултидисциплинарен анализ, всичко е спекулация. Тези историци още не могат да обяснят къде изчезнаха траките и откъде за десетина години на тяхно място се изля "славянското" море. Даже си измислиха "гръцка" Византия. Историята продължава да е политически продукт. Доказателство - войната срещу Украйна.

[@DimitarDimitrov-bk4xm]

Няма смисъл да питаш хора, които продължават да считат готите за германци,?! Без мултидисциплинарен анализ, всичко е спекулация. Тези историци още не могат да обяснят къде изчезнаха траките и откъде за десетина години на тяхно място се изля "славянското" море. Даже си измислиха "гръцка" Византия. Историята продължава да е политически продукт. Доказателство - войната срещу Украйна.

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, Slavs and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@NefariousKoel]

If they only used mitochondrial DNA, such studies wouldn't give the whole picture regarding interactions of the various groups.

[@odonnabhainiverssen5006]

@Turtle Kingdom BITCH I agree and sometimes I wonder if it is just a few unconnected words within the text of our comments being demonized by a bad algorithm that is deleting anything with any combination of certain words even if they don’t violate any rules? It is frustrating, I like to see what info other people have, sometimes comments lead to great connections with the info patterns we all have to share.

[@sterinumm4765]

@ thomas Herodot says that the scyhts calls the river tanais(in greek language) Donū Today its calld Don!!!! And its means in ossetian water So go away withe your lies little asiat😂😂😂😂

[@tibacsaba7592]

Érdekes, hogy minden bemutatott tárgynak, szobornak, bronz figurának van magyar kapcsolata mégis mindenhol ázsiai képekkel mutatja be a thagar kultúrát pedig még a múmia is egy közép-európai magyar emberre hasonlít arcszerkezetre, hajszínre. szkíta-hun-magyar a genetika nem téved.

[@notorious9278]

Hungarians has nothing to do with iranic scythians

[@tibacsaba7592]

Why? Read more.

[@Optimistic7718]

The Scythia is not Iranian 👆🏻 Scythia,Avar,Hun,Magyar =HUNGARIAN 🇭🇺

[@mrroyale5688]

We call the celestial intermediary TURUL. Its symbol is the bird of prey as the most powerful celestial being in our earthly world. TURUL descends from the sky and has a fertilizing, world-preserving role. The magnificent stag is a symbol of the state of relationship with God. It connects the earthly world with the heavenly world.

[@countrysnowman]

Hard YAWN.

[@bl1tz533]

Why am i watching this in thigh highs and a collar

[@lemarart692]

Taghar,Bolghar. In Afghani language ghar means cave.so Bolghar,like Bolgharya become to upper cave , and taghar belong to down cave. Bala means up,tah means down. ,.

[@myriamercolino3361]

And Ercolino surname is from Hercules

[@jasrajsandhu1658]

Can you like, stop congesting the chat with this irrelevant information? Like no one cares that you have a certain haplogroup that was related to a now extinct group of people lady

[@myriamercolino3361]

@@jasrajsandhu1658 you cannot Say to me what I must doing

[@myriamercolino3361]

@@jasrajsandhu1658 I know what I do

[@JungleJargon]

It might be fun imagining how humans may have evolved from a more primitive species, however the reality is in stark contrast to the claims of evolution. Hear me out. Ancient humans were highly intelligent to the point of probably being more intelligent than we are without the effects of cumulative learning over thousands of years as we have. EVERY early ancient civilization (in Mesopotamia) is named after known descendants of Noah, major ancient civilizations such as Assyrians descendants of Ashur who likely can be identified today by their Semitic G * Y chromosome. We can also identify the father-to-son descendants in Asia of the first king Nimrod since he never went to Africa like his father Cush of the Cushite Ethiopians did. We should expect to find a Y chromosome of the house of Nimrod of the "African" family tree there in Asia and we do. His C * Y chromosome went east instead of west to Africa as well as did the D ("African") Y chromosome to a great extent. I could go on, the Olmec statues in Central America have Asian / African features and their C * Y chromosome is there to this day! Most of Europe has Semitic mtDNA (maternal) haplogroups, (upwards of 90%) with often only a small sliver of Asian mtDNA because of the Semitic descendants of Israel in Europe who migrated there with their entire families. Of course Asian invaders spread their Asian R * Y chromosomes throughout Europe as we know. However, autosomally, Europeans are mostly Semitic and not nearly as much Asian. My Y chromosome is the I1 M253 Semitic line from Israel that joins to the J1 Arabic and the J2 Judaic paternal lineages. We know who everyone is! We are either African, Semitic or Asian in our paternal and maternal lineages, descendants of Ham, Shem or Japheth the three sons of Noah and their wives who stepped off of the Ark. There are NOT enough mutations in either the paternal or maternal haplogroups for millions of years to have occurred in humans. Facts are stubborn things.

[@brucetucker4847]

First of all, you are vastly misunderstanding the time scale: in terms of evolution the time from the ancient world to today is negligible; ancient and modern humans are the exact same species. Second, many of those cultures were named after the descendants of Noah by OTHER people, they didn't call themselves those names (although the Assyrians did). "Hittite" and "Egyptian," for example, are names given to these people by others many centuries later, they never called themselves that. Third, the Noah myth we have was edited and redacted for hundreds of years before the version we have today which was created no earlier than the 5th century BC, so it's a lot more likely that the sons of Noah in the story were named after those cultures than vice versa. Fourth, while there is the possibility of undocumented contact between ancient Africans and Central Americans, countless DNA studies have debunked the 3-race model, especially WRT Native Americans and Australian Aborigines, who have been genetically distinct from the ancestors of modern Asians, Africans, and Europeans for tens of thousands of years. For that matter, there is enormous genetic diversity within Africa alone, more than the rest of the planet (before the modern African diaspora) combined. If there really were human races, which there aren't, there would be five or six different African races and one race containing everyone else on the planet. Fifth, some of those lines of descent make no sense - Canaan was a son of Ham, not Shem, but we know for a fact that the ancient Canaanites were a Semitic people closely related to the Hebrews. Finally, if Mrs. Noah had three kids, one of whom was black, one white, and one East Asian, Occam's razor suggests that Mrs. Noah was up to some serious hanky panky behind Noah's back - I'm just saying, if she were my wife she 'd have more 'splainin' to do than Lucille Ball. I mean, believe what you want to believe, but don't pretend it has anything to do with science.

[@JungleJargon]

@@brucetucker4847 Canaan is the son of Ham. You don’t know what you are talking about. They lived in the Semitic land and that doesn’t make them Semitic. Hittites and others are sons of Canaan. Mitzrayim (Egypt) is the brother of Canaan. Native Americans and Australians have the same maternal and paternal haplogroups as everyone else, just a different branch from the same tree. The ruling class of the Assyrians/Sumerians/Babylonians were the descendants of Nimrod the son of Cush who had no reason to go to Africa. Look closely at their curly hair.

[@MuhammadSabir-vi9qf]

Saka are also scythian in indo pak.

[@sterinumm4765]

Yes

[@oghuz_kaghan]

Andronovo,tagar,anav,karasuk:proto turkic ppl😊

[@ottarvendel]

US education is for sloppy when the commentator talks about Sibiria when the region stretches from Romania to the Atlas mountains.

[@myriamercolino3361]

However my father surname is Ercolino

[@Alprtngakrc]

Tagar culture consists of agglutinative language speaking (most probably the pre proto-Turkish language) Sintashta culture people who left their own homeland in the geographical location which is called Bashkordistan today escaping from the invasion of Vedic language speaking Aryan people originally coming from India and BMAC people who left their own land which is called Horasan today in Central Asia escaping again from Vedic language speaking Aryan people coming originally from India in the late Bronze age. These are the main components of the proto-Turks who were known to be Scythians up until to the time Kok Turks took the name of Turk to themselves. Historical records never ever mention huge blond population for neither Iranic nor Aryan nor even Indo-Aryan people. This's a myth created by Nazi ideology. Descriptions of the physical traits of Iranic people is similar to the descriptions of the phenotypes of Semitic people like Assyrians and Indians. Chinese annals on the other hand mention huge blond and redhead and light eye people among Yenisei Kyrgyz people who are known with their incscription written with runic alphabet in Turkish language (Yenisei inscriptions) even earlier than Kok Turks.

[@mindblowing3202]

I suggest reading: Les Scythes, les ancètres des peuples germaniques et slaves by Frédéric Guillaume Bergmann.

[@Optimistic7718]

👆🏻Scythia,Avar,Hun,Magyar =HUNGARIAN 🇭🇺

[@mindblowing3202]

@@Optimistic7718 I’m Ukrainian/Russian/German. My closest modern population by dna results are Hungarians. I’m related to King Bela III of the Arpad Dynasty and King Ladislaus (Vladislav) I of Hungary. Hungarians are white people not Mongoloids

[@EasternOrthodox101]

🤺☦🇷🇺Scythians are 1of the 3 Cimmerian (Gomer) races called Ashkenaz - the ancestors of Slavs, defined by haplogroup R1a-m420 subclades

[@VerbalWarrior162]

The original Scythians and Sarmatians were an Iranian people in origin, Over time the Scythians in the East would have been replaced by East Asians and the Scythians in Central Asia would have become mixed. History has preserved the names of some of them: Ishpakaia, Bartatua, Madyes, Idanthyrsus, , Skyles, Tigratavā , Octamasadas, Xāravalāna, Artavatauxma, Zarinaea, Sodasa, Sawarmag, Saurmag, and Zari- "golden". This was the name of a legendary Saka (Scythian) warrior queen. They are descended from what is called andronovo horizon they are Indo-Iranian horse nomads Iranians speaker, they have Iranian names. In Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the name "Scythian" was used in Greco-Roman and Byzantine literature for various groups of nomadic "barbarians" living on the Pontic-Caspian steppe who were not related to the actual Scythians, such as the Huns, Goths, Ostrogoths, Turkic peoples, Pannonian Avars, and Khazars. For example, Byzantine sources referred to Russian raiders attacking Constantinople in AD 860. in contemporary accounts as "Tauroscythians" because of their geographical origin, and despite their lack of ethnic relationship to the Scythians. The Scythians were part of the wider Scytho-Siberian world, which spanned the Eurasian steppes of Kazakhstan, the Russian steppes of the Siberian, Ural, Volga and southern regions, and eastern Ukraine. In a broader sense, the Scythians have also been used to denote all early Eurasian nomads, although the validity of such terminology is controversial, the Scythians, Saka and Cimmerians were closely related nomadic Iranian peoples, and the ancient Babylonians, the ancient Persians and the ancient Greeks used respectively the names "Cimmerian", "Saka" and "Scythian" for all the steppe nomads, The Mongoloid (Proto-Turkic) peoples in the Altai Mountains embraced Iranic Scythian culture (horsemanship, nomadic way of life, traditions, clothing) and mixed with the Scythians to form their own unique Iranic-Mongoloid

[@EasternOrthodox101]

@@VerbalWarrior162 Listen, I debunked those cliches many times, I am creating a channel to re-educate you. You don't follow Scripture & tradition only your secular professors, enough...

[@juniorberns]

driven out by Tartar... hunted by Mongols... occupied India and Egypt... misled the Nords... etc.

[@Cardboard90]

Scythians weren't "driven out by Tatar". The Tatars were their descendants.

[@juniorberns]

@@Cardboard90 and why couldn't they be descendants that were driven out?

[@sreenarayanram5194]

I don't believe in Aryan theory but There is a tribe in kerala called thiyya which shows a jentics and linguistics origin in the thian sha mountains of central asia indo sythrians came to cental asia and Indian subcontinent around 2 century BCE according to the linguistics the Iranian word deva is first mentioned in Sanskrit in 2 century BCE and it originated from proto indo European language 'dievo' many proto indo european language has this word with same meening which meens in english as 'shining' or divine this word changes in to thiya in central asia thiyan sha mountains that meens mountains of god/deva and one particular hindhu caste in kerala called thiya meens 'divyan' in native language malayalam wich meens in english shining or divine also practices theyyam/ daivam or god as their religious rituals and their centurys old oral folk storys and songs clearly mentions they came from somewhere else meening of the word thiyya is divine and the first place where genitics and linguistics both meet together is the beginning of the tian Sha mountains and indo-sythrians religion is an ancient greek religion and buddisam mixture and thiyyas shows an almost same mixture with hindhuism and thiyya have a rich marshel treditions in recorded history and their centurys old folk songs and fougrin records from 16th century onwards clearly shows they are the one who practiced and developed kalaripayattu to the world and thiyyar is the only hindhu warrior caste in entire india which formed 3 European colonial army regiments in their own caste name with Britishers they formed thiyya regiment and with french they formed french thiyya pattalam and with dutch they formed dutch chegons the chekars are a warrior section among thiyyas who's duty is to fight in wars and they are ethinically from Malabar north kerala and all this units are started to form in 1730s onwards and all these 3 regiments where started by colonial europen powers and all royal force in kerala before Indian indipendance had thiyya soldiers in their force and in entire south india there is no other hindhu caste ever had a caste based army regiment with any colonial European powers started by the europeans but in north India Britishers started few other warrior caste army regiments and historical records also shows they heavily participated in ayurveda also and latest gentical study from Indian government institutions like center for cellular science and molecular biology in Hyderabad also clearly shows thiyyas have central asian anciant Iranian ancestry and in sre lankan history srilankan people also consider thiya/Divya as indo sythrians and devas even german nazi seintists before Indian indipendance also came this area to study these groups photos are in net but indian government is now trying to eliminate this caste people from history now all their historical records are only getting from outside sources and trying to mix with a south kerala caste called ezhava a native caste which never even allowed to take a sword or never ever participated in a royal army or a war before Indian indipendance according to the recorded history and they blocked all thiyya Wikipedia pages from 2013 and blocked remaining thiyyar pages in 2022 even the smallest caste in india has their own wiki pages thiyyas are the biggest hindhu caste in Malabar kerala and with the support of government they are changing all thiyya warriors as ezhavas and because of thiyyas fougrin origin government also trying to eliminate thiyya community from all records to localise or indianise Indian history even more deeper

[@veronicajensen7690]

Aryan and Indo-European are the same thing, before WW2 it was called Aryan, after Indo-European due to the Nazi idea of a "superior race"

[@mr.purple1779]

@@veronicajensen7690 German degenerative ideology. It's not the same. Proto-Indo-Iranian outgrowth of Sintashta culture, invaded the Iranian plateau mixed with the Iranian Neolithic and formed the Aryans. Subsequently, this bmacorhizoed massif drifted either towards the Arabs, like the Persians, or towards the Dravidians as Indians. Or between as various Pakistanis, Pashtuns, Tajiks and other Aryan gypsies. But IE went to Altai before the existence of Hindus and Europeans. They mixed with the Paleo-Siberian population and formed the Scythians as the Tagar culture and subsequently the Huns. There is no related to the Aryan Indo-Gypsies. A absolutely different story and origin. 14:39

[@Samuray1955]

Turkofob politician Zhirinovsky about the Scythians, Polovtsy, Pechenegs, Turks as one people (sec 30-45)! Jirinovski o skifax, polovtsax, peceneqax, turkax kak ob odnom narode (sek 30-45)! Zhirinovski: İskitler, Peçenekler, Türkler bir xalqdır (sn 30-45)! kzbin.info/www/bejne/oXqlZWR5n5epa6c

[@whatthehellimbored]

AYRAN

[@kasel55]

The Eurasian nomads from the east to the west of Eurasia, although were not genetically homogeneous, but we can see obviously about them: 1-They were never Turks and the element of the yellow race is almost non-existent among them (except to a very small extent in areas, where They were bordered by the yellow tribes of East Asia). 2-The Iranian-speaking and Iranian-race tribes (with Haplogroup R1A-z93), that the Iranian name "Scyth" or "Saka" actually belonged to them, dominated the Eurasian tribes in such a way that they were dominated by Iranian dresses, Iranian culture (=Iranian mythology and religion) and Iranian language. The Scythian language belongs to the northern category of the eastern branch of the Ancient Iranian languages

[@mr.purple1779]

These are Siberians, not Arabs.

[@kasel55]

You are an idiot! F...k off!

[@alexwander7579]

The Enissey Kyrgyzs are direct descendants of Tagar culture, Khakasiya or khakas is chinese pronounciation of kyrgyz, tagarians and kyrgyz have same haplogroup, same snips, same culture. They have nothing to do with Iranians, they were turkic speaking nomads.

[@kasel55]

@@alexwander7579 Tagar culture has nothing to do with Turks and Turkic races! Researchs specifically showing the Iranian race, the paternal haplogroup of the Aryan tribes. The Turks are late immigrants who entered Central Asia in the sixth century AD and mixed with Iranian tribes and dominated the Turkish language. Your unscientific claims have no value! In 2009, a genetic study of ancient Siberian cultures, the Andronovo culture, the Karasuk culture, the Tagar culture and the Tashtyk culture, was published in Human Genetics.Twelve individuals of the Tagar culture from 800 BC to 100 AD were surveyed.[1] Extractions of mtDNA from ten individuals were determined to represent three samples of haplogroup T3, one sample of I4, one sample G2a, one sample of C, one sample of F1b and three samples of H (including one sample of H5).[1] Extractions of Y-DNA from six individuals were all determined to be of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a1, which is thought to mark the eastward migration of the early Indo-Europeans.[1] All individuals except from one mixed race individual were determined to be Europoid, with the majority being light-eyed and light haired.[1] In 2018, a study of mtDNA from remains of the Tagar culture was published in PLOS One. Remains from the early years of the Tagar culture were found to be closely related to those of contemporary Scythians on the Pontic steppe. The authors of the study suggested that the source of this genetic similarity was an eastwards migration of West Eurasians during the Bronze Age, which probably played a role in the formation of the Tagar culture.[2] A genetic study published in Nature in May 2018 examined the remains of eight individuals ascribed to the Tagar culture. The three samples of Y-DNA collected all belonged to haplogroup R1. The samples of mtDNA collected were N1a1a1a1, N9a9, H5a1, W1c, U2e2, A8a1, U2e1h and F1b1b. The Tagar had a higher amount of Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (EHG) ancestry than all other peoples of the Scythian cultures. They were determined to be of about 83,5% Western Steppe Herder (WSH) ancestry, 9% Ancient North Eurasian (ANE) ancestry, and 7,5% Siberian Hunter-Gather ancestry.[3] resources: 1- Keyser, Christine; Bouakaze, Caroline; Crubézy, Eric; Nikolaev, Valery G.; Montagnon, Daniel; Reis, Tatiana; Ludes, Bertrand (May 16, 2009). "Ancient DNA provides new insights into the history of south Siberian Kurgan people". Human Genetics. 126 (3): 395-410. doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0683-0. PMID 19449030. S2CID 21347353. 2- Pilipenko, Aleksandr S. (September 20, 2018). "Maternal genetic features of the Iron Age Tagar population from Southern Siberia (1st millennium BC)". PLOS One. 13 (9): e0204062. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0204062. PMC 6147448. PMID 30235269. 3- Damgaard, P. B.; et al. (May 9, 2018). "137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes". Nature. Nature Research. 557 (7705): 369-373. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0094-2. PMID 29743675. S2CID 13670282. Retrieved April 11, 2020.

[@blinkarmyonceexol1846]

The genetics don't agree with you. It's already proven Scythians were predominantly-Mongoloid(yellow race as you say) people from Altai-Sayan mountains. It has nothing to do with your "100% pure Iranic Cockassoid blond blue eyed holy people from Ukraine to Korea" wet dream! Go drink your milk, albız! (in Turkey, we call people like you "albız" which comes from Old TURKIC language & means "satanic person")

[@MultiSciGeek]

The images are really misleading as many have absolutely no relation to what you are talking about. Please fix that in future videos.

[@martian6865]

Shut up and fix yourself.

[@MultiSciGeek]

@@martian6865 Shut up and fix yo hairline

[@alexandrucaragea3820]

Maybe a rhesus negative population

[@bigbang2905]

I have Scythian Dna (R-Z2123) We do not belong to the Iranians (R-L657) We are Eurasians Tribes and we are Shamanian Turkic

[@eveszymanska5792]

How do you find this out, what DNA test did you take ?

[@mk97212]

But R is Iran, R1a is east Europe, R1b Westeurop..

[@redcapetimetraveler7688]

1:29 "genetic interactions among populations" lol that's the funniest sex ed i've ever heard ;=))

[@Samuray1955]

Step, Nomad, Horse/Horse milk+meat eaters/Horse riders/Horse sacrifices/Joint Human+horse graves/, Trousers, Kurgan culture is a protoTurk (Cimmerian, Scythian, Sak, Sarmatian, Massaget, Thracian/Frakian, Hun, Alan, Avar, Bulgar, Magyar, Peceneg, Khazar...) culture from Altai to the Danube!

[@sterinumm4765]

@shahin Herodot says that the scyhts calls the river tanais(in greek language) Donū Today its calld Don!!!! And its means in ossetian water So go away withe your lies little asiat😂😂😂😂

[@stefandusan9629]

Why do turks always feel the need to larp

[@TopicalAuthority]

@@sterinumm4765 Don is a slavic word, not Ossetian.

[@sauromatae9728]

​@@TopicalAuthoritydon is scythian word. Means "water"

[@sauromatae9728]

Magyars are finno-ugric