The Origins of the Scythians | DNA

In this episode I am joined by Geneticist Razib Khan and we dive into an episode that many of your requested and that is the origins of the Scythians.
The Scythians were a power of the ancient Steppes who made the image of the pants wearing barbarian on horseback in the popular imagination in the classical world.
From discussing what ancient sources such as Herodotus had to say to looking at traditional narratives in historiography as to the origins of the Scythians, we then turn to look at what ancient DNA has to say about the ancient Scythians and where they came from... who they came from?
Interestingly enough due to occupying the Eurasian Steppes we now know that there was some genetic diversity but they were all primarily homogenous.
With admixtures related to European farmers and the Yamnaya culture. But we also see an interesting discovery that a certain percentage of Scythian ancestry can be traced to East Asians.
Lastly, we leave off by discussing Russian scientists and their amusing attempts to clone ancient Scythian DNA.
Support Mr. Khan and his awesome work below!
Website: razib.substack.com/
Razib Khan: www.razib.com/bio/wordpress/
Twitter: / razibkhan

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

To my dear subscribers, thank you all. You have my love and appreciation. Like our channel? Support us by clicking the THANKS button under the video! Check out our store! History Merch: kzbin.infostore Patreon: www.patreon.com/make_history_matter Get your history magazines here: www.karwansaraypublishers.com?tap_a=88561-7cbe2d&tap_s=1562085-46f5e5 *Disclaimer, the above link is an affiliate link which means we will earn a small commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

[@jattnijjerable]

Razib might want to analyse my dna as im showing on mytrueancestry with scythian hun mongol ancestors and from gedmatch C27% indian C40 baloch C14 NE euro C14 caucasian Small Mediterranean Siberian

[@aaronmrl]

“Bad asses on horses... And pants... And wizard hats!” Sounds like John Wayne with wranglers and cowboy hats 😅

[@aaronmrl]

@@jattnijjerable Like you, I have taken DNA tests to tease out my ancestry. Honestly, I have taken nearly all of them in the past 4-6 years to compare and contrast 😅 Haplogroup I2 & U4. My father is Italian/Irish. My mother is Black/Dominican. Here are a few test results : One test explicitly says, “8% Hunter Gatherer, 31% First Farmer, 38% Steppe Pastoralist, 3% Indigenous American, 12% West African, 9% South Asian.” Another says, “77% NW European, 17% Sub-Saharan African, 2% East Asian/Indigenous American, 2% West Asian/North African, 2% trace ancestry unidentified.” Still another says, “48% England/Wales/Scotland, 27% Scandinavian, 7% Magyar, 1% West Slavic, 2% Malta, 2% Ashkenazi, 6% West African, 1% Eritrean/Ethiopian/Somalian, 2% Egyptian, 1% Southern Levant, 2% Indigenous American, 1% Artic American.” Yet another, “34% England/NW Europe, 14% Scotland, 12% Ireland, 7% Nigeria, 6% Wales, 6% Southern Italy, 5% Cameroon/Congo/Western Bantu, 4% Spain, 2% Germanic Europe, 2% Indigenous American, 2% Benin/Togo, 1% Portugal, 1% Greece/Albania, 1% Ethiopia/Eritrea, 1% Senegal.”

[@aaronmrl]

@@jattnijjerable I was hoping to see in what ways I might be connected to The Mycenae, The Tartars, The Khazars, The Scythians, The Aryans. Tribe of Dan, Great Tartary, Atlantis, Lemuria. Red & blonde hair; Green & blue eyes dominate most of the traits of my family 🤔

[@auntijen3781]

Is there any correlation between the Altai Sythians & Denisovan admixture? Especially interesting in reference to Sythians may have been the 1st to ride horses, or have horses. Bc, fyi there has been a lot of horse DNA located w/in the same substrata that Denisovan DNA is found in Denisova cave & there is debate (over w the Megalithomania crowd) over whether the horses found contemporary w Denisova DNA were domesticated, or ridden for transportation or simply a food source. Thx ❤️

[@susytomable]

So interesting! Thank you! Thank you to your guest!

[@kinggamersbaltimore4130]

Always asking the best questions.... love this show

[@chopsddy3]

Always enlightening Nick. 👍

[@robertschlesinger1342]

Very interesting and worthwhile video.

[@swankfiber5278]

I've been wondering when this podcast was going to bring up GI Joe it's about time!

[@ChristopherRyans]

Holy cow! Truly amazing Channel can't believe I'm just now finding it

[@jannes3290]

Same here!!

[@baronesselsavonfreytag-lor1134]

Me, three :-)

[@jessklay8594]

Loved this video! I need more!!

[@Yarblocosifilitico]

Awesome information, I've been waiting for this, but please advice Razib against that background xP

[@josephphoenix1376]

I Love info on the Steppe Horse Cultures!🐴

[@Stephen-uz8dm]

Me too and apparently I'm descended of them

[@domeniclocalzo9498]

I think it's awesome that second generation content creators had finally figured out how to take other people's information and research and make new videos about the same old information at least some people are waking up

[@JeffNeelzebub]

Scythian origins is very interesting, but I’m far more interested in where the Scythian went, like who alive today are truly descended from the Scythians. He touched on this a little bit, but I’d like to know more for sure.

[@bluesky6985]

Try Europe

[@BurnRoddy]

They are all over the place. Armenians , Northern Iranians and South Russians, are the most genetically distinct. But Scythians expanded A LOT as mercenaries. You can see them in all sorts of varied iconography throughout Southern Europe, Eursian Near East and as far North as Central Asia in the Gansu Province of China (although their people claim the town was settled by Romans instead). So you can find DNA traces from Greece through the Balkans, Hungary, Turkey, Georgia, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, all the way to Northern India. But the bulk of Scythian DNA is in Armenia and Northern Iran plus the Russian Northern Caucasus of course.

[@frankmcquade992]

The North Ossetians in the Caucasus are descended from the Alan's who spoke an Indo Iranian language! a Scytho Sarmatian dialect. Being cognate with Massagetae, Scytho! Sarmati.

[@mver191]

Even I (Dutch) has Scythian ancestors. I have some DNA matches with the Scythians from around the western part of the black sea.

[@slavenarkaimovski3897]

SCYTHIANS ARE SLAVIC PEOPLE,THEIRS NAME COMES FROM SLAVIC WORD SKITNJA MEANING TO WANDER.SCYTHIANS AS ALL SLAVS ARE FROM BLACK SEA AREA,AND ALL SLAVS AS THE SLAVS EXIST SINCE 12000BC.FIRST SLAVIC CIVILIZATION VAS VINCHA AND TRIPOLI BRONZE AGE CIVILIZATION,SLAVS BESIDE TRIPOLI BRONZE AGE CIVILIZATION HAVE CREATED SLAVIC ARYAN CULTURE.WHICH SLAVIC TRIBES OF ETRUSCANS,RASHANY,AND LADINI,HAS BRING IN ITALY MILLENIAS BEFORE THE ROMAN EMPIRE.ARYANS ARE SLAVIC PEOPLE TO,THEIRS NAME COMES FROM SLAVIC GOD OF HUNT AND WAR ARION,AND REGION NAMED AFTER GOD ARION WAS CALLED VOLGA ARIJA,THAT IS MODERN BULGARIA.YOU SE THE SLAVIC ARYANS ARE THE PEOPLE WHO HAS TAIMED HORSE,NOT "PROTO INDOEUROPEANS",THE "PROTO INDOEUROPEANS" ARE FALSIFICATION MADE UP BY THE GERMANS IN THE 19TH CENTURY.YOU SE SAMA KZbin CHANEL WILL NEVER TELL YOU THE TRUTH ABOUT THE HISTORY,OR THE SLAVIC PART IN IT.BUT THE TRUTH IS,THAT IN 8000BC SLAVS HAVE MIGRATED INTO INDIA,CHINA,JAPAN,AMERICAS,AND AFRICA.AND ITS THE SLAVS WHO HAS BRING A SLAVIC SYMBOLS TO THE NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES FROM MIDDWEST OF THE USA,CHINA,JAPAN,AND INDIA.SLAVS ARE CREATORS OF KA"RUNA SCRIPT,SANSKRIT,ZOROASTRIANISM,ARKAIM,STONEHENGE,TROY,AND "CHINESE WALL".AND THAT IS JUST FEW THINGS THAT SLAVS HAS CONTRIBUTET IN THE HUMAN HISTORY,THE FULL LIST IS MUCH LONGER.

[@sagapamkeshav2385]

Barry Cunliffe has an amazing book on the Scythians AKA the Saka. Those that are seeking information on Scythian origin can refer to that, infact Mr Cunliffe has 2 very good presentations that are available in YT.

[@aurora.andromeda5687]

This is more accurate than this razib khan's nonsense. Saka and Massagetae are the scythian tribes. Tomyris - the queen of the Massagetae - was one of the amazons. You can't talk about the scythians and not talk about the Saka, Massagetae, and Sogdians.

[@edwinharms6836]

A genetic study published in Human Genetics in July 2020 which examined the remains of 52 individuals excavated from the Tamir Ulaan Khoshuu cemetery in Mongolia propose the ancestors of the Xiongnu as an admixture between Scythians and Siberians and support the idea that the Huns are their descendants.[162]

[@mr.purple1779]

A 2018 genetic study published in NCBI "Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Central-Inner Asian and Srubnaya origin in the conquering Hungarians" reports that the source for the Bulgars, the ancestors of the Volga Tatars, was the Eastern Scythians and Huns, who mixed with local Scythians and Uralic Finns. About a third, or more DNA comes from Bulgars, the other part is Potapovka-Poltavka-Srubnaya of the Bronze Age, i.e. Scythian-Sarmatians. Other studies will indicate that the modern population closest to the Huns are the Bashkirs. kzbin.info/www/bejne/mnaUh6Vtjb2FgbM

[@hayatituran205]

Which language did they speak?

[@dinmalikogli5983]

Central Asian.

[@Jkersssss]

yes they were the proto Turks !

[@gondaljutt7059]

They were indian origin People who actually migrated from india Pakistan to center asia. Just stop lie and stop lie with self we are your fathers

[@hosseinsadeghi2468]

Scythians were mentioned in avesta and shahname (Persian epic poetry) as turanians, also there are two places in iran with saka name, 1) region of sistan (sakastan) 2)city of saghez( sakez) in Kurdistan province

[@hosseinsadeghi2468]

@Thomas Kilogram it has nothing to do with turkic people you troll, when avesta was written turkic people was just in Siberia and orkhoon valley in Mongolia, truth is the only thing that matters and most of the scholars said that scythians were iranic people just as in this video, don't fool yourself, trying to stick yourself to other people to make a source of pride is idiotic enough

[@hosseinsadeghi2468]

@Hyper Borean it became normal for me to see some turks claiming pseudo history and honestly it's funny to me, btw I'm not racist in anyway I just try to protect our culture and history from those who try to steal it

[@hayatituran205]

Thanks a lot for telling the truth. Saka people were Proto Turkish speakers were ancestors to countless nations in Eurasia

[@hayatituran205]

@@hosseinsadeghi2468 Turanian but not Turkic? How come? Tur means Türk who believe in One God, Sky God which is in Islam Allah. All Turanians speak A Turkish dialect. SAKA people were just speaking Proto Turkish means ancient Turkish

[@hayatituran205]

@@hosseinsadeghi2468Lot of Western historians like Max Muller and Rawlinson told us the same that Saka people spoke Turkish

[@50megatondiplomat28]

Thank you so much for that Serpentor reference lol.

[@Hawaiian_Shirt_guy]

could you do something regarding the spread of hemp cultivation and cannabis usage along with the steppe tribes? I think there's some really fascinating research just waiting to be done there.

[@BurnRoddy]

Nice video :D

[@Larrypint]

A lot of indogermanic ethnical groups had these skythian hats, it was called Phrygische Mütze/Helm. Tharaker, daker, skythians, iranians, makedonians and in germany we call it Zipfelmütze.

[@iamscoutstfu]

Gj m8, good vid.

[@elcesar999]

Great stuff

[@rags417]

I was surprised to hear that the Skythians had admixtures of Eastern Europeans that probably migrated east along the forest line and then turned south in the grasslands before admixing with the locals. This brings up an interesting thought exercise. Would it be possible to set up a simulation that treats the entire Eurasian steppe and European peninsula as a form of multi-chambered vessel that allows the baffled passage of a hypothetical "gas" made up of human populations ? I have for years thought that modelling the migration of human populations as a gas make a lot of sense - areas of constriction tend to "heat up" and produce either extreme conflict or advanced civilizations. Thinking here of the Nile, the various peninsular extensions of Europe (eg Italy, Greece) etc. I would love to see what happens if you blow a big blast of humans into the Pannonian plain - what happens to the locals who must be displaced ? A lot will move further west, a lot will stay and intermingle ("heating up") and a lot will low back along the forest line northern channel. I would love to see the simulations of this.

[@lookintomyeyes2807]

Well thanks to Nation Tribe or Land Wars on going since bronze age. humanity cant survive without war. it is always the different ideologies of other people that separates us from others.

[@EasternRomeOrthodoxy]

🤺☦🇷🇺Scythians are 1of the 3 Cimmerian (Gomer) races called Ashkenaz - the ancestors of Slavs, defined by haplogroup R1a-z283

[@mariussielcken]

Technological advancement -> Food/wealth surplus -> population growth -> expansion The Scythians are the best example of this, because they were advanced in horse breeding.

[@Qvadratus.]

@@EasternRomeOrthodoxy Slavs never been nomads. At least we don't know that from recorded history.

[@sreenarayanram5194]

Only out of India is possible because all revers and places in vedas are in Indian subcontinent and I am really not interested in europens Russians or Iranians or todays central asians and we are native dravidians and I know indian hindhu culture is unique it has nothing to do with Europeans but 11 years ago a Hollywood film director who won an Oscar award nomination for making a science fiction movie called 6th sense published a report after his gentical study on thiyyas that thiyyas are came from central asia near thian sha mountains and their ancestors are indo sythrians suddenly the Indian government blocked thiyyar Wikipedia pages so I also thought he is making a propaganda or it's because of his infiriority complex I also didn't believe him but then some books also published here saying that thiyya worshipping of theyyam and their ancestors worshipping is loosely connected with anciant greek religion with buddhisam mixed with hindhuism and in india it is only present in a small pocket of kerala called north malabar and some of them may came from there and thiyyas more than 1000 year old oral folk songs clearly says they came from an island some people sed it is greece and some people sed it Sri Lanka so when I checked Sri Lankan history they clearly says it that thiyyas are indo sythrians and they called thiyya as deva people and some of them also done toddy taping thiyyas heavily practised kalaripayattu and ayurveda too thiyyas are the one who developed and spread the kalaripayattu in kerala if you believe in records not folk storys and thiyyas are the only Indian hindhu warrior caste which formed 3 European colonial nations army regiments with its own caste name that prooves it's a warrior section and all royal armys in kerala before Indian indipence had thiyya chgavar soldiers in their force and when I searched I seen an english documentary which shows once anciant Greeks also practiced medisin with Marshal art skills and they havily an ancestor worshiping tribe and they moved to fight with royal force in greece and thiyyas also practice ayurveda with kalaripayattu and still doing ancestor worshiping also then recently last month an Indian government institution lab called center for cellular science and molecular biology in Hyderabad published a report that thiyyas ancestors came from central asia and today they have 5-15% anciant central asian geans and rest is 70 natives and others so I again searched the linguistics similaritys of the thiyyas with their ancestors worshipping theyyam folk songs it clearly says that thiyya meens 'divyan' or divine man and they spread from 8 divine families in north kerala and the linguistics steady also clearly leads to tian Sha mountain areas but still most people don't belive this government also band all wiki pages of thiyya caste and their history to localise history more deeper may be it's an hypothesis theory like indo aryan invation theory by whites to claim hindhu history and vedas like this many out side tribe came here and assimilated with locals and their culture if a greek person able to give an answer it would be much better

[@nancyannirvin4507]

I love Mr. Khan's background. I also enjoy his content. But I find myself not looking, only listening when he is on because the "green screen" does not meld well. It is very distracting. Now the commercial break is over and back to listening....

[@reneevans6528]

Nailed it cuz❤

[@kariannecrysler640]

I would like to know more about the Bronze Age steppe cultures 😊

[@dwainkitchel1316]

could we get an analysis by Razib of the Sulawesi girl's DNA that they just found?

[@dorasmith7875]

Wow, thanks for this. I wasnt too sure what the Scythians were, but then I didnt really care. What is truly impressive is that Khan has it right down and tells us concisely and clearly.

[@gianlucarossi5672]

Scythians were Eastern European folks with some minor Siberian-like admixture.

[@brcage]

@@gianlucarossi5672 they were one of the most powerful forces of the ancient world...

[@EasternRomeOrthodoxy]

@@gianlucarossi5672 How many times I need to explain to you that the Scythians are the east finno-baltic slavs and were originally called Ashkenaz, and the west Slavs are the moschenoi who were originally called Meshech. He just proved it. And no, they were not Iranians

[@EasternRomeOrthodoxy]

🤺☦🇷🇺Scythians are 1of the 3 Cimmerian (Gomer) races called Ashkenaz - the ancestors of Slavs, defined by haplogroup R1a-z283

[@VerbalWarrior162]

@@EasternRomeOrthodoxy Saka/Scythians: The name Sakā was used by the ancient Persians to refer to all the Iranian nomadic tribes living to the north of their empire, including both those who lived between the Caspian Sea and the Hungry steppe, and those who lived to the north of the Danube and the Black Sea. . It is derived from the Greek term "Skythēs" or "Skythai," which evolved into "Scythians" in English.

[@waynebender8835]

That was interesting.

[@dragonflydroneservices1021]

Interesting, thanks

[@houseofsuren510]

So far, to my knowledge, Iran is the only country where a province is still called after the Scythians, in the form of Sakastan (ancient) => Sistan (Modern). There was a continuous influx of them into the Iranians plateau for most of history. The Parthian Iranian dynasty who overthrew the Seleucids and wiped out the Roman legions in 53BC at Carrhae were branches of these Iranian steppe nomads. Today, their descendants are mostly limited to a few major cities in Central Asia, surrounded by a sea of east Asiatic Turks, and also the country of Tajikistan, where some of the more ancient Iranian languages like Yaghnobi, still survive.

[@mindblowing3202]

I suggest reading: Les Scythes, les ancètres des peuples germaniques et slaves by Frédéric Guillaume Bergmann.

[@whyistherumgone5693]

Also Kipchak Turkic people from northern Black Sea

[@mindblowing3202]

@ابوالفضل مازنی its not true. They were Slavic.

[@mindblowing3202]

@ابوالفضل مازنی They just had a different name. They are the direct ancestors of the Slavic people and some Iranians, but with the difference that the Iranian people are mixed. Many Northern Iranians know, that their ancestors partly came from Russia, but not everyone migrated most of us just stayed there and became the ancestors of the Slavic and the Germanic people.

[@mindblowing3202]

@ابوالفضل مازنی The name Iran is not older than 100 years.

[@donvin4enco799]

Hi thanks for discussing the Scythians. It was mentioned that they were Iranian speakers would you share sources that this is the case please. Also where I can find the genetic markers discovered Razhib Khan. In internet I saw that R1A is typical haplogroup for the Scythians I wonder what Mr Khan research is showing. Thank you

[@hayatituran205]

They weren't Iranian speakers at all. Saka people as called themselves they were Proto Turkish. They were ancestors of Etruscans, Hungarians, Finnish, Estonians, Scottish, Uigurs and countless Turanian tribes in Eurasia. Kazım Mirsan read their stone scriptures. Murad Adji wrote about them in his books.

[@ARYANLUR]

@@hayatituran205 well you seem don't have the right to say anything

[@S1dz]

@@hayatituran205 Turks are Mongolian and Scythians are Caucasian, their faces do not have small eyes and big cheeks Don't distort the truth, Turk thief

[@astiackizakovic7525]

@@ARYANLUR exactly.

[@astiackizakovic7525]

@@hayatituran205 Turkish world data 🤣 Even the word turan is iranic Persian .

[@CPlusPlusOpenGLMan]

Great channel. Please make a video about the new scientific research on ancient Etruscan genetics. It seems that, according to these same researches, the differences between the Etruscans and the Iron Age Italic tribes were only linguistic and cultural and not genetic.

[@alexdunphy3716]

That is correct. Even Etruscan culture is basically the same as the other Europeans around them. It's very interesting and strange that they seem to have simply kept the pre-indo-european language

[@kenz3055]

Turkish

[@redd9017]

Proto turkic turanoid

[@brianallen8588]

Love the information. Thanks. Just wondering about pronunciation. Is not the scythe, the long curved blade for reaping, connected to the Scythians? Have we been mispronouncing scythe?

[@Joan-ny4jw]

This is how greeks (Herodes) called them not how they called themselves. SIH-thee-uns

[@martacute3620]

Erano anche gli Dacii! Anche loro avevano la falce

[@douglasalfseike3867]

What comes to my mind is Sgathach. Daughter of Royal Skythian King bringing a warrior class to Scotland & Ireland!

[@aurora.andromeda5687]

​@roberto lang 23andme is not DNA. It's corrupt google, and a bunch of lies.

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

A few places a few tribes in every Indo-Iranian and Indo-Aryan speaking areas there are a few tribes and villages who claim Scythian descent.

[@vklnew9824]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/lWKyh6qreMmegZY

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

@yitzhak shekkelsteingoldmanberg in Afghanistan, and Kurdistan some locals claim Scythian roots

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

@yitzhak shekkelsteingoldmanberg locals always forge a ancestry when it's uncertain. Often it's different origins depending on tribe or family but varies despite same ethnicity

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

@yitzhak shekkelsteingoldmanberg non of us have future. Humanity is on burrowed time. Religion apocalypse. Demon apocalypse. Exploded sun Asteroid shower Nuclear apocalypse Zombie apocalypse Or alien invasion One of these will happen and Humanity will be going nowhere but 6 feet under.

[@sandeeptiwari7157]

@yitzhak shekkelsteingoldmanberg indians love their civilization it is not that they don't like to talk about their history books are written by British stoge. One more think stop shiting on indo-aryan . There were no Aryan and no Dravidian . They were disensent of saraswati Civilization. Read book called saraswati civilization by GD Bakshi.

[@Yarblocosifilitico]

Is it possible to make an educated guess on how much Denisovan DNA the Scythians had?

[@jimilindley4422]

Good question. I don't know the answer but based on location and time period I wouldn't be surprised to see a little bit of Dennisovan DNA. With all the unknown variables though I'm not sure if you could make it an assumption.

[@MilanTheMan69]

Thanks!

[@aryarish]

If they only have 10 percent altai genetics then why at the end it was summed up that “sarmatians are originally from the Volga region, and the Scythian are originally from the altai region.”? Thank you very interesting !!

[@mr.purple1779]

From 10%.

[@antidweller6373]

In the Bronze age, early unmixed iranic people and balto slavic people lived in close contact to each other. So today, slavic people in eastern europe and Ossetians are their descandants.

[@mohannair]

Salvic’s would be distantly related but definitely not descendants. Indo Iranians have the z93 version of the r1a haplogroup whereas slavs have the z282 variant.

[@nara808]

@@mohannair I'm sure plenty of slavs and scthians interbred.

[@mohannair]

@@nara808 There isn't much if any Z93 to show for it in Europe.

[@uchicha666]

Slavs and scythians were more like neighbours and barely mixed I'd say. But ossetians yeah, their look and language are obviously iranic.

[@kosa9662]

@@mohannair Slavs had many very similar words to iranic people, even despite that they are both indoeuropeans

[@19angela71]

Fascinating talk. Eurasian Steppe represents an open huge space for nomads to move. However, as climate gets dryer in the Steppe of the eastern parts of the continent, nomads usually moved from the East to the West. Climate is humid in the Black Sea area, and pastures are greener there. Therefore, the movement from the East to the West is quite reasonable to explain by a climate change. I can’t quite understand why proto-Indo-Europeans moved from the West to the East. It was certainly not climate-change driven migrations.

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

@Mr X is Dead - Has that been proven with genetic evidence? There are certainly legends of Scythian origins behind the Slavs. But not of the Germans, who are regarded as Nordic folk.

[@lajos-berenyi]

“nomads usually moved from the East to the West“ But only in the las 2500 years. Maybe the beforing some thousand of years they usually moved towards east. Especially if the Schytians were the first horse riders, even this lifestyle spreading towards east in the steppe could explain this moving towards east in the mentioned periods. And after this lifestyle was becaming popular also in the east steppe arround 2500 years ago, the population movement turned back to west.

[@jeremievivianagriffin9458]

What does Mr. Khan think of Bryan Sykes?

[@TheBigdaddy64]

I have a genetic match to a Scythian warrior that was buried in Moldova circa 290bc, Genetic Distance: 12.02 Shared DNA: 2.59 cM I have several other matches but this is the closest to me.

[@p.mrtynjy]

what did you use to find this ?

[@berserk9085]

@@p.mrtynjy he probably used my true ancestry.

[@svitlanababych4051]

From Scytian warrior to Thebigdaddy... evolution is grim

[@martacute3620]

Ciao ,și eu am 40 la sută origini Mongle. M-am născut langa Moldova la Iași ! In realitate Dracii erau Sciti sacka Frigi și prima Geți , Geto-dacii și mai înainte Tracii aparțin aceleiași stirpe se Sciții ..

[@martacute3620]

Saresti molto sorpreso ma la parte del nord del Italia e geneticamente provato imparentata con gli Rumeni Scritti Frigi,Fenici , Veniși ( Venetiani)

[@mrroyale5688]

Genetically, the population arriving in the Carpathian Basin in the 10th century was close to the Siberian Scythians. And the people living here are mainly descendants of the Scythians who lived in the Carpathian Basin.

[@gubygold643]

Romanian îs sciți ❤❤❤🇷🇴🇷🇴🇷🇴🇷🇴

[@martacute3620]

Bravo!! Eu am făcut testul ADN și sunt 40 la sută Mongola. M-am născut la Iași langa Moldova! Suntem toți Sciți Saka!! Dracii erau Sciti sacka , Frigi!

[@nowthenzen]

Thank you Nick and RIP.

[@phaze_shift_pr]

11:04 "your delicate" dude literally hit him with a low kew burn 😂

[@zhizhi9138]

Smart and intelligent.

[@robertlipka9541]

For Pete's sake! The "c" in Scythians is SILENT!

[@Locomotion-uz4ly]

I don't know who that Pete guy is, but he got you fooled really well. Scythians is an exonim. This is what the Ancient Greeks called them, and they called them Σκύθης. First letter is 'S', second letter is 'K'. English language pronunciation rules are irrelevant.

[@robertlipka9541]

@@Locomotion-uz4ly "English language pronunciation rules are irrelevant"... does this assertion apply in ENGLISH? LOL

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

You should be happy the video makers didn’t pronounce their name in the German way as ‘Skuthians’ (Which is actually closer to the pronunciation in Greek). Small mercies. Lol.

[@robertlipka9541]

@@sirrathersplendid4825 hmm... sounds like a swear word :)

[@pappapata]

Hi Pete, not silent i Swedish 😊

[@lo-fihi-ki5699]

bless sir

[@sionnachmacbradaigh1010]

Love the GI Joe references.

[@maya438]

I had my DNA tested a good few years ago. Sythian markers came out in the results but also Huns, Baltic Ukraine, Germanic, Saxon and Celts. These stem from my mother's side, she was Irish.

[@jonarrolovsson9580]

What DNA company offers that and is it really accurate?

[@marionpeters6057]

Are you Cherokee also?

[@maya438]

@@marionpeters6057 No, Irish/Jamaican. Spiritual tho. 😉

[@marionpeters6057]

Wow what a combination🙂 I've been fascinated with the Scythians for some time now. Have you watched Robert Sepehr, "ancient history of Ireland, tuatha de danaan, scythians, phoenicians?" Spiritual huh😉

[@maya438]

@@marionpeters6057 Thank you. No haven't watched him b4 but will definitely check that out. I find history fascinating. Are you Cherokee?

[@onbedoeldekut1515]

Hi Nick, could you tell Razib that they're more like Smurf hats than wizard hats!

[@possiblyepsteinedafterthis4617]

Stay out of the yogurt isle. I hear it's super dangerous these days.

[@onbedoeldekut1515]

@@possiblyepsteinedafterthis4617 Is that near the yogHurt Aisle?

[@onbedoeldekut1515]

@@possiblyepsteinedafterthis4617 I never knew there was a yoghurt island!

[@possiblyepsteinedafterthis4617]

@@onbedoeldekut1515 Yes I hear it's where Walmart degenerate employees dwell

[@possiblyepsteinedafterthis4617]

Fooooooo

[@Λυκάων]

If it's true that Scythians had significant Early European Farmer genes then it makes sense that researchers found E1b carriers.

[@flutistnotflautist4740]

The only reason I’m here is because my DNA test results show I am very Scythian, and I had no idea what that meant.

[@GediminasStrum]

Try to make analysis of Balts. our language is more ancient than slavic and we have similarities with dacia. it would be very interesting. Thank you.

[@tonimontagna4281]

Yes the dacian language was a southern baltoid and your language is one of the oldest, so you guys and us in Romania are somewhere related😀👍

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

@@tonimontagna4281 - Southern Baltoid? Never heard that before. Entirely possible though. Is that based on linguistic evidence or genetic?

[@florinvoinea5203]

It is a theory. That dacian and tracian are related to baltic languages. It is just a theory. Ther are to few word left from dacian language to prove anything.

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

@@florinvoinea5203 - Quite a few placenames and personal names survive from Dacian and Thracian. Enough surely for skilled linguists to reach some conclusion?

[@dragasinbrankovic]

​@@tonimontagna4281 It is funny that Romanian guys would rather be from Mars than admit that they share a lot of genetics, language and names with Slavs. Yeah you are surely related more to people who are thousands of kilometers away from you like Italians or Balts and you definitely have nothing in common with your neighbors 😊, that is simply impossible.

[@fanzy1338]

Scythians were not only Iranian speakers with Iranian names. They were also culturally and religiously the same.

[@mahdi-oe6mk]

Do u know we are Indo-European a bit mixed with elamite? Sythicans are big people some of them run to greek and are mixed with them, and after the fall of sasanid some of them remained in central asia.

[@fanzy1338]

@@mahdi-oe6mk Of course Iranic peoples who migrated to the Iranian plateau starting in 1200 BCE intermixed with the local population but the influx of Iranian tribes including The Medes, Skythians, Persians, Parthians, etc. were at such a high rate that local population gene impact was very little and rather insignificant on Iranians as all genetic studies suggest.

[@mahdi-oe6mk]

@@fanzy1338 Yes, because of that i said a bit , unfortunately Assyrian already vanished most of them from the earth on that era.

[@AlexanderSiassi]

It's an interesting history. I'm half Russian, half Iranian and I have some genetic links to the Saka and Scythians. I always wonder if I'm what the Scythians would've looked like.

[@TT3TT3]

I like their metalwork

[@domeniclocalzo9498]

Robert sepehr presented this information two or three years ago

[@baronesselsavonfreytag-lor1134]

Razib mentioned Jatts just as I was thinking of female warriors of Punjab.

[@ahsankaleem3448]

JATTS are scythians by blood and race

[@mahdi-oe6mk]

Yes actually punjab was divided where the sasanid collapse, they were from sakastan, the sakastan people are today sistani people in iran and punjab.

[@atticuspaine65]

What about denisovan DNA?

[@juniorberns]

I do agree that most of these would have ties to Iranians but considering that ancient Persia is mainly a indo culture and not an Egyptian one that would still put them in the category of central Asiatic indo people.. separate from what we would consider the Endo people that came through the Middle East rather than north of the Black Sea.

[@kaloarepo288]

The Seleucid dynasty,descended from one of the generals of Alexander the Great and centred on Syria used to employ Scythians as mercenaries and retired Scythian mercenaries from that empire are believed to have been settled in the city of Scythopolis in today's Galilee region of Israel.And that is where Jesus came from so even Jesus may have had a bit of Scythian DNA! The city is now called Beth Shan.

[@georgepats1168]

Jesus was Scythian We wuz Scythians n shiet

[@alwaysright3943]

@@georgepats1168 lmao

[@georgepats1168]

@@BR549-8 bullshit Jesus had blond hair green eyes and he war riding through the Pontic Caspian Steppe with his bow and war axe We wuz Scythians N shiet

[@kaloarepo288]

@@BR549-8 Jesus was a Galilean and the word "Galilee" in Hebrew means land of the gentiles or non-Jews -it didn't become Jewish until about 150BCE when it was conquered by one of the Hasmoneans -Jannaeus or someone like that and forcibly converted to Judaism -previously it belonged to the Greek Seleucid empire ,one of the successor states of Alexander the Great -and the Seleucids allowed Greeks and others like the Scythians to settle there and like I said a city in Galilee was called Scythopolis(now Beth Shan)and the league of pagan cities called the Decapolis was in that region so it is quite possible that Jesus had Scythian or Greek blood somewhere along the line in his genetic make up though still belonging from the tribe of Judah.After all Ruth was a Moabitess who married a Jew according to the Old T.Herod the Great himself was an Arab Idumaean.

[@kaloarepo288]

@@BR549-8 I'm not dealing with biblical MYTHOLOGY I'm dealing with HISTORICAL FACT!!!Anyway you could trace his lineage through Mary -Jews are Jews by virtue of their mothers not fathers!

[@jonjonboi3701]

I know the Greeks described the Scythians as having red hair or light brown hair with blue/grey and green eyes

[@rightlibertarian8355]

In the video he said herodotus is the father of lies.

[@joshuaraleigh4648]

@@rightlibertarian8355 No the devil is the father of lies, along with his Judische children.

[@kilipaki87oritahiti]

You can still see the remnants of these hats in cultures such as the indigenous Sami culture here in Scandinavia (Proto Fins migrated from Siberia Asia to Scandinavia during the Last Ice Age, distant related to all 1st nation/indigenous Americans, and brougth with them paler skin, light colored eyes, not blue which originated in the Middle East the craddle of all white people, and blonde hair. They are not Germanic, but mixed with the original Europeans, Western Hunter Gatherers who had dark skin, black hair and blue eyes who already lived here), Turkic proper (not Turkey): Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyz, and Uyghur, and Mongols. Even in Iceland traditionally, they have two variations of this headgear for the women, and they don't even know where it originated from. Tho the 1st viking queen of Norway was Sami from my paternal side county here in Norway, and the Icelandic people them selves are Norwegian, and Irish/Scottish proven by DNA, and they migrated from Sogndal on the west coast of Norway, and since no Norwegian women wanted to come with, they stopped over in Ireland, Dublin was a Viking settlement later city, and got female slaves. I know all this as my bf is Icelandic whose dad is a professor at university/college level.

[@chickenbiscuit4525]

It perhaps would only take one mele with your invading culture in order to commence strategies of assimilation. And the chances necessitating to for both survival or domestication is highly prevalent or likely. Later the Cossacks. With a pushback from the Scandinavian/Viking cultures that took up heirachial places as farmers and developers specific to those regions. And an old message train that woymulf further lead to Mongolian interests for Invassion, however far such success might reach and for however long. Genes reinterpret gene bases by specimens. The big question of differentialization is the intentions, requirements, demands and needs from any perspective or available resources. Great work fellas,! as we would like put together the pieces for a clearer view.

[@redcapetimetraveler7688]

the scythians reaching the Altai mountains and coming back to the west ... could it be the creation of the first version of the silk road ?

[@user-tb3xc4bn3k]

они вышли с Алтая

[@Lain_Rockhart]

Rather, it looks like an unwillingness to recognize the fact that there are ancient burial sites of the Scythians on the territory of Altai. Look, if on the territory of the Middle East and the Caucasus the most ancient burial sites of the Scythians date back to the 5th century BC, then in Altai they date back to the 8th-9th century BC. Actually, it would be logical to say that "the Scythians most likely originated in the Altai," but the author stated "the Scythians moved to the Altai, and then returned back and I'm right, although I can't prove it."

[@VargaErwin]

Scythian Origins | DNA ? HM.... Dr.Torok Tibor , Dr. Neparacki Endre from Szeged , Hungary.

[@tommyblansett9254]

This is very interesting and matching other sources I have seen. Doesn't seem to have a political agenda.

[@mrroyale5688]

If anyone is interested in the meaning of the Scythian symbols in the Hungarian tradition, I will be happy to answer.

[@RegebroRepairs]

My wife had a genetic match (not super close) with a Scythian warrior. So that's pretty cool.

[@noahtylerpritchett2682]

Cool. Tiny small ancestrally with that ancient lot

[@dumuzidtherisingphoenix]

what she look like?

[@RegebroRepairs]

@@dumuzidtherisingphoenix Like a goddess.

[@dumuzidtherisingphoenix]

@@RegebroRepairs photo?

[@dumuzidtherisingphoenix]

@@RegebroRepairs angela merkel body proportion?

[@gymnosophist7471]

What evidence is there that the Scythians were Iranian speakers? Just curious.

[@Myohomoto]

Probably place names, proper names would be indicators.

[@gymnosophist7471]

@@Myohomoto we don't have any place names from the Scythians since they left no written records. As for proper names, the ones we have are not their names either, but only the names by which others knew them. Even the name "Scythian" for example, is not Scythian; it is Greek.

[@gymnosophist7471]

Rohit Iyer there is no surviving Scythian language. Firstly, the Saka people died out centuries ago, but in any case they were not Scythian. Neither are the Ossetians, by the way. They are descended from the Alans, who were predominantly Sarmatian.

[@malaxes]

@@gymnosophist7471 the name Scythe is probably written in Latin but in Slavic it is written as Szczyt (pronounced in English something as Shchyt). According to Polish chronicles and legend Szczyt founded city of Szczetyn (nowadays Szczecin in Poland) . Also there are other towns in Poland with names such as Szczytno, Szczyt, Szczyrk, Szczytowo. in medieval time szczyt was a name of armour shield and they were produce in Szczytno. In Russian probably until today szczyt means shield but in Polish nowadays means peak/mountain.

[@zuzudernegger9721]

Iranian doesn't mean a citizen of Persia/Islamic Republic of Iran..

[@hydrated2411]

Any study on Gog and Magogs

[@pine1780]

Some cultures eventually get assimilated into others, it's very common

[@therongjr]

I get the Scythians mixed up with the Cimmerians. 😖

[@KisMiska10]

I'm Magyar, here to learn & represent my (possible) ancestors the Scythians

[@davidesparza3637]

Scythians were In Indo-European. Hungarian is not a Indo-European language.

[@gymnosophist7471]

@@davidesparza3637 what is the evidence for this?

[@davidesparza3637]

@@gymnosophist7471 Language. Hungarian is not related to any Indo-European language.

[@gymnosophist7471]

@@davidesparza3637 that wasn’t my question. I want to know what the evidence is that “the Scythians were Indo-European”. Firstly, one might point out that IE is not a genetic classification, it’s purely and only linguistic. You can’t *be* Indo-European. At best you may speak an IE language. But the Scythians did not leave us any written texts. All we have is others’ writings about them.

[@gymnosophist7471]

Michael Nelson, if you want to learn more about that, look around online for some recent work done by Török Tibor and Neparázcki Endre.

[@cleof1503]

I wish I had the funds to donate to your GoFund Me, instead I leave your playlists open in a another window and it plays day and night for ad revenue. If anyone else cant donate, this is another way to help in a small way. I check your community page constantly for updates to your health, every time hoping to see that you will be on the mend and ready to get back to your family and creating the content you (and we) love. Sending you and your family all my love and positivity.

[@mindblowing3202]

I suggest reading: Les Scythes, les ancètres des peuples germaniques et slaves by Frédéric Guillaume Bergmann.

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

Does the book use recent genetic discoveries?

[@erlinggaratun6726]

I.ve been thinking that since horses were quite small at the beginning of domestication, so perhaps the first mounted warriors were women? And this led to the Amazons? Could you ask Razib or someone else about this?

[@iamscoutstfu]

The first mounted warriors were Yamnaya. He's talking about mounted cavalry. But horses had been carrying humans for a long time, by then, since the stone age. So it's unlikely the Amazons were the first to ride horses as cavalry fighters.

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

The generally accepted theory is that the first riders were children. Children will innocently ride on dogs and other small mammals, and the mammals tolerate them because they know they are young.

[@Excommunicated-ei1ep]

So the Scythian’s are literally “Eurasian”? Does that make them, the First Recorded People of Eurasia, to warrant the term “Eurasian”? Or were there Older Recorded People with both European and Asian (therefore “Eurasian”) DNA within them?

[@richern2717]

ANE (Ancient North Eurasian) people probably were the first. +-30 000 > 16 000 years ago.

[@iamscoutstfu]

Yamnaya were Eurasian and predate The Scythians.

[@richern2717]

People related to the Afontova Gora and Mal'ta Buret were probably very Early Eurasians.

[@richern2717]

Also depends on what you mean by "recorded." Recorded by Ancient Historians ? Or recorded by Archaeology and Genetics ?

[@Excommunicated-ei1ep]

@@richern2717 I meant as in being recorded by Historians at the time.

[@tanyajuli4145]

In history and archaeology its generally prounounced si -thee-uhn

[@seedlessgreen1780]

How tall was the average Scythian?

[@alij9167]

"Sak" : dog ( today's Persian sag: dog) is the original name. Sak+ an : the sacks( like the word American, " an" is a Pahlavi suffix originally to show the plural of a noun). But in sack language " ta" is the plural suffix.hence Sakta: the sacks. Then Sakta goes to Pahlavi and becomes Sak+ta+an : saktayan. "Saktayan" becomes "scythyian". Anglo sakson: sak+son. (Son of sak) Sakistan:( istan means

[@alij9167]

@gond.leszgond I'm not sure it's the same word although summerians were also one of the groups living in the same area. In northern parts the plural sign was " ta" so Sakta meant "Saks" then in Pahlavi " an" was the plural sign. So saktaian was made and skythian is an English pronunciation of that

[@alij9167]

@gond.leszgond well as far as history says Sakan or skythians or if you like the speakers of "proto endoeuripean" start from Aral lake went to the right to India and then left to Europe. About the words you probably are right.the root of all these words are the same ( khune in Persian today means home too). So they were in India ,yes I think so too.and also India and Iran were the same people if you go back. The same religion ( mithraisem),the same language.( Avesta, Sanskrit). But " ta" was the plural sign,and also " an" . In the past countries were not like today.As far as I know sak and skythian are the same.

[@RCSVirginia]

The Sakans in India have traditionally been viewed as Scythians. It would be quite enlightening to see with DNA analysis if they were either Scythians or related to them. There are many possibilities: They could be a branch that split away before the addition of East Asian elements; they could a group that was a cousin to the Scythians; they could be a group that had adopted Scythian culture, but were not genetically the same; or they could be a group that was quite different and was just misnamed. It would, also, be intriguing to see how many modern descendants they have in India today.

[@naman6491]

yes. Its taught that Sakas were Scythians. There was a king named Vikramaditya and its said that he saved us from Sakas. Well there is no archaeological evidence about Vikramaditya, he is only in legends and reason is Britishers. Who knows he existed or not but if I will tell you about the legends related to him then you will laugh as what is said is literally impossible and will look like a fantasy. You can understand by this that the empire he established was all over Arabia and even invaded Rome and made Julius Caesar to roam in Ujjain in a humiliating way. Now I hope you got why I said 'you will laugh'

[@topg2820]

@@naman6491 whether people laugh or not, the fact doesn't change that Vikramāditya was a real King, legends about him are so confusing because there were many kings who had similar tales like him (like Chandragupta II 's other name was Vikramāditya too), and he most possibly ruled in an era between Mahābhārata and the later written history period Btw you are talking about the Vikram Samwat era from 57 BCE but that era was coined much later in the 9th century

[@naman6491]

@@topg2820 yes, the Vikram Samwat Era

[@b.l.0427]

@@topg2820 vikramaditya or Vikram sen was greatest king of India

[@xerxen100]

YOu can rest, there are written sources that Schythians settled in north india, they arrived more than 1 wave, just the late comers renamed as Huns, but still the same.

[@cor4neb]

What is the correct pronunciation is it Skith-thians (like they're saying), psy-thians , or sith -thians

[@TheRealStreetMade]

Scythians is pronounced "skith-ians"

[@thx1168]

​@@TheRealStreetMade Every Englishman I've heard say sith. Americans skith.

[@dbbrown1949]

I just hear,d of his death,that is so sad.RIP!

[@gianlucarossi5672]

The Scythians were in simple and understandably words, Eastern European people with some minor Siberian/East Asian like admixture.

[@hayatituran205]

They were Turkish speakers called Saka people

[@alwaysright3943]

Not really

[@niceexmarineniceexmarine133]

Iranian mostly

[@MrHoonza]

Nowadays Mongols ancestors made 3 time great movement done. Great Mongols Pax Mongolica, Huns & Scythians. Scythian means Esgiit/Эсгийт - Эсгий туургатан. In English Felt rug. Celts are descendants of them. Cause Celt means one language in Mongolian Хэлт. It proves they were pronunciation & linguistic were same

[@sarubet8725]

Even Pazyryk has up to %70 eastern eurasian DNA sometimes.

[@hyu7335]

not GI Joe Scytian but "GI Jane 2 can't wait to see it.."😂

[@dcbonner756]

The “c” is silent.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

I’m not so sure, I’ve heard a variety of classical scholars pronounce it in the way I did above which is why I chose to follow that style.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

And if it’s the Latin version there is no soft “C”and so it must be pronounced as if a hard “K.”

[@gymnosophist7471]

The word is Greek in origin. Again no silent C. However, I believe in anglicised pronunciation, most people do in fact use the silent C.

[@76rjackson]

As in scythe. How did your guest say it? Say it that way, too, or agree beforehand how to say it.

[@topg2820]

@@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449 the same way scythe, scissor, scimitar, etc. are pronounced, the og word is Saka/Shaka

[@pallexa]

What about the women warriors that rode side by side with the men? Amazon's are not from the Amazon. They're Scythians. Just ask the ancient Greeks.

[@sirrathersplendid4825]

The Amazons are semi-legendary but are mentioned by Herodotus, so there’s probably some fact behind them.

[@charleshash4919]

See circa 4:50 for brief mention of these Scythian women warriors.

[@shanecarubbi7864]

Early bird gets the worm lol

[@revert6417]

'Skita' in most Slavic languages means 'to wander' Is this a linguistic connection?

[@wirehead1000]

Good interview, but a caveat to consider is sampling bias. The genetic sources are from Kurgans, only the elite. Beneath them were vast subject populations, farmers, herders and tradesmen who may have spoken a plethora of tongues, Turkic, Slavic, Magyar, even Germanic, and be genetically distinct. As the Elite, the Sackers maxed on their breeding opportunities with their subject populations and intermarried with neighbouring elites. This would account for the variable admixtures. The Yamnaya origin of the 'original' 'Sakati/Sak-kadi' or 'Noble/Sacred Cadre' seems archaeologically proven and is not gainsaid by Genetics or ancient tradition. Scythians/Skythoi, Saka, Skufa (Scandinavian name for the same), even Skandi itself. Contemporary finds and research remarkably support the major part of Herodotus' rather deep dive into their mythic history and his contemporary accounts from Skythoi, Greeks and Persians. Botai is certainly Herodotus' horse-eaters. Herodotus' tales of the 3 Tribes, Royal, #2s (herders) and #3, the Farmers whom they treated as little better than slaves is IndoEuropean traditional Trinity society such as recounted in the Rig Veda. I nominate Herodotus as Father of History, not Lies. He is always careful to distinguish between observed fact and tribal myth, leaving the reader to form their own conclusions. Herodotus is far more reliable than Rupert Murdock!

[@tvrulz46]

Hear here!

[@Dalmenco]

Germanic my $%^$

[@companionelf]

Nazi occultism All made up nonsense... Scythian: An ancient GREEK linguistic reference to a Scythe; the tool used by the local Wheat farmers who traded with the Black Sea Greeks. There was never in history human beings who identified as 'Scythians'.

[@Centennialantennavision]

It’s in the bible

[@CultOfSol777]

lol, do your research, it´s indeed in the Bible and Scythians just translates as "Barbarian" there and they indeed were Barbarians, because Romans called everyone, who wasn´t serving the Roman Empire, Barbarian/Free people.

[@serkankinden5150]

Hello everyone. I know you would not agree with me but I want to discuss about. I think all Scythian/Saka people are related to people speaking uralic, altaic and dene-caucasian languages which are agglutinative languages having common word structure algorithms. But please listen to me before you reject at least, because I have an inspection about genetic vs linguistic world maps matching my idea. My idea is as below according to my ydna haplogroup map inspections without being a scientist. Real indoeuropean haplogroups were descendants of F which are G georgians & caucasians, H south indians, I1 germanic visigoths, I2 slavic ostrogths, E+J2 grecoromans & macedonians, J2 M172 persians & central asian iranians. You can also inspect in wikipedia. K was their undesired brother and they migrated to southeast asia and mixed with D tibetoburmans and C2 austronesians. They have invented a new language as agglutinative which will change into uralic, altaic, dene-caucasian languages later. After they started to migrate into northeast asia, O1 and O2 sinotibetans have settled to south china and indonesia. On the other hand, C3, N, O3, P group have continued their journey and reached northeast asia together. N has migrated to north asia as finnic, uralic, O3 remained in north china, korea and japan, C3 and P has settled to altai region in northeast asia, where Mal'ta Buret (R1*) culture has been found. During the ice age (25k BC) they have separated to two directions and some has remained in altai region: 1. Major Q and minor R*, C3 has migrated to americas as NaDene (Atabasqan), Chukotkan, Algic people. 2. Minor Q and major R1* has migrated to central asia over Pamir mountains. 3. Major P, R1* and minor Q has remained in altai region as yeniseian kets and sakha, hakhas, altaian, tuvan, uyghur turkic people. Second group has reached to central asia and mutated to R1a as Burushaski (Saka/Shaski) and met those other real J2 M172 and L indoeuropean people (having a zoroastrian religion) of southeast asia as they were real iranic and vedic sanskrit people. Some has mutated to R2 when they were reaching to south india as tamil dravidian speaking agglutinative language and mixed with H south indians. R1b has mutated first in Turkmenstan and met persian people of modern Iran which is different from other iranic speaking people genetically as mostly J2 M172. (Persian king I. Darius calls himself as persian and arian but calls these people as foreign Saka.) Mutated people of Turkmenstan were ancestors of Sumer (Sakir) people speaking agglutinative Turkic or Dene-Caucasian languages. These migrations have started in 30k BC and lasted until 10k BC from altai region to mesopotamia and all those people are called as Saka by persians. Saka means nomads in old persian, same way those people were calling themselves as Yürük meaning nomads in turkic languages. After they have mixed with some J2 M172 persians, G caucasians, J1 akkadians have continued to their journey to north caucasia where Scythians lived with a mixed indoeuropean and agglutinative north caucasian (Dene-Caucasian) languages. Some group have separated to anatolia and reached to west anatolia with their Lemnian (Dene-Caucasian) agglutinative language. They have continued to balkans and they left Tatarlaka (Tatar tablets of 6.5k BC) in agglutinative language which could be read easily by hungarian philologs. Those agglutinative Dene-Caucasian Tyrrhenian language speaking R1b people have also reached to Etruria with their similar culture to Ashina dynasty of Gokturks. They were also relatives of Raetic and Vasconic agglutinative language speakers of europe. Then they have spread to europe as Basconians. Even modern Basq (Eu-Saka-ra) people are originated from anatolia, caucasia and speak still agglutinative Dene-Caucasian language similar to latin language which is a mixture of agglutinative Tyrrhenian and indoeuropean Grecoroman languages. They lived isolated and protected their 90% R1b haplogroup and basq language. On the other hand, other Saka/Scythian related Saksonian, Scottish, Aquitan/Occitan (O-s(a)citan) people have lost their language and culture by mixing with I1 germanic visigoths in north and E+J2 grecoromans in south later. As I explained before, Scythians and their Saka ancestors could have settled to euroasia as assimilated to indoarian languages. They also got in contact with I2 slavic ostrogoths in balkans and ukraine and got into cultural influence of gothic mythology. After they got stronger, they spread to central asia, southwest asia etc. as Saka people. Eventough they met iranic culture in elder persian kingdoms they mixed their culture with resident L west indians and H south indians. As a result, I say that all Saka/Scythian related people are turkic, ugric R1a, R1b originated relative people who were originally speaking turkic, uralic and/or dene-caucasian agglutinative lannguages. Real indoeuropeans were G elder caucasians, H south indians, I1 germanic visigoths, I2 slavic ostrogoths, J2 M172 persians and later L vedic sanskrit west indians.

[@Ptls68]

In denmark where we have a High degree of schytians ansciestry, we also has a special kind of elfs or gnoms called Nisser . In Old times they lived on farms and helped or teased people they Said but now they are a christmasthing. The funny thing is seing these schytianpictures the Nisser looks remarkably like Them.

[@douglasalfseike3867]

I came here wanting to know more about the "royal scyths" with blue eyes & blond hair like all "gods" among all ruled over "casts" from the old world to the "new world"! Clearly we were there long before Columbus!

[@KingCatsTube]

Interesting topic, I have read a number of books and articles about the Scythians, Sarmatians, and Alans. The 10% NE Asian Mongoloid ancestry (DNA) across the board in all Scythians is likely, not accurate. As Professor Khan mentioned in this video certain tribes likely have very little if any Mongol DNA. Read about how some of the historians of the time describe the physical appearance of the Scythians in Eastern Europe, by far most of which appear to be Europid physically which appears to be backed up scientifically. As Geneticist Razib Khan stated most of the warrior class were very large robust people, from what I have read about the archeology of their Kurgan graves the Warrior class ranged in stature between 5'8" to 6'8" tall, which was huge for that time.

[@doriane9184]

You realize Mongols aren't the only people living in the Alt,ai region right? Turkic peoples, yeniseians, tungusic, etc...

[@KingCatsTube]

@@doriane9184 Yes, I do realize, I was using Mongol in a broader sense.

[@doriane9184]

@Elazar what are you talking about? Caucasoid, mongoloid etc aren't racial classifications. We don't live in the 1800s anymore, those classifications are outdated and are based in race pseudoscience. Caucasian refers to people from the Caucasus mountain region where the present day countries of Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, South Central Russia are located. It is NOT a racial classification, nor should it be used to describe white people. It's a blatant error to do so and just carries on from the bad research that monogenicists like Blumenbach made

[@KingCatsTube]

@@doriane9184 Using the word White to describe those of Caucasoid racial types is considered too political and has too much baggage to how it was used historically. So you are saying using the word Caucasoid or Mongoloid is inaccurate too? So what word would you use to describe Caucasian/White people as a race? Are you saying that there is no such thing as a White race?

[@slavenarkaimovski3897]

Scythians,Sarmatians,and Alans are slavic people.

[@TheLionFarm]

Synthetic Sunday playlist here