The Chris Hedges Report: Dr. Gerald Horne on the legacy of W.E.B. Du Bois

The Chris Hedges Report examines some of W.E.B. Du Bois’s fundamental ideas with his biographer Dr. Gerald Horne, who holds the Moores Professorship of History and African American Studies at The University of Houston.
Dr. Gerald Horne is an acclaimed historian and professor at The University of Houston. He is the author of dozens of books, including his most recent works The Counter Revolution of 1836: Texas Slavery & Jim Crow and the Roots of American Fascism, and The Dawning of the Apocalypse: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, and Capitalism int he Long Sixteenth Century.
Watch The Chris Hedges Report live KZbin premiere on The Real News Network every Friday at 12PM ET: / therealnews
Studio: Adam Coley, Cameron Granadino
Post-Production: Cameron Granadino
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[@goodwill3649]

We definitely have a need for Gerald. Hornes perspective he has so much value to add to the current conversation

[@excitingworld364]

Stunning! Should be part of teaching history, everywhere.

[@falsificationism]

Gerald Horne coming in hot with his 16th book of 2022... So prolific. Always great to hear him connect the dots.

[@Marcus410]

Every time I listen to Professor Gerald Horne.....I learn something new and enlightening

[@deloreswillis9224]

Yessss indeed

[@michelestidhamwhitmore8313]

I was using my grandfather's history book to teach my son during covid. My grandfather graduated in 1932 from h.s.a class containing 16 students in central Ohio. It talked about Dubious and how influencial he was. I am 52 and had never heard of him and considering I went to the same school district as my grandfather. Thank you for more information.

[@obedirect5491]

James Loewens books bring to life the lies we are taught in school.

[@rasil4u]

@@obedirect5491 None of what happened in the past regarding our people is being taught today except "slavery" This is all by design to create and promote the narrative that nothing negative or oppressive ever occurred in the lives of Black people, they never had/have any successes, and must be maintained at the bottom. The reason our history is not taught accurately if at all, is because he gov't controls all curricula and syllabi. Thus the fight against CRT, which is only taught in graduate law schools, and NEVER in K-12 . They maintain a great fear of us bc of all the historical injustices of the past and the present.

[@winstonsmith-ministryoftru1609]

I'm a simple man. I see Chris Hedges and Gerald Horne in the title. I click. I watch. I hit the like button.

[@cheri238]

Thank you Chris Hedges and Professor Gerald Horne, for this discussion on W. E. DuBois. I listened to this before, but evidently did not leave a comment. Again, with the deepest appreciation and respect to both of you for allowing all of us to grow with more understanding. For I love American history on all sides and I read many books by men and women who exercise both sides so the truth is exposed.

[@karenwaddell9396]

I picked up A Dubois book from the African American shelf in my local Carnegie library. It opened my eyes in so many ways. I learned how well educated and thoughtful he was. I learned that not all slave holders had plantations. I learned nuanced criticisms of education. Then years later I was in a Berlin museum and saw his picture as an influence there. I am impressed by him and an reading his book on reconstruction. Thank you for this video. Sincerely.

[@sandra701]

Thank you both for discussing WEB DuBois, who’s work is so relevant in present day transitional America. As a twice retired awarded teacher, I’d realized the severity of “the brain drain” on all of America. Western mankind has lost his intellectual capacity to reason because he lacks a foundational acquisition of philosophy and truth.

[@BernieHollandMusic]

Yes Sandra - and Western mankind is also devoid of a moral compass - inhabiting a swamp of greed and depravity

[@susanmercurio1060]

I started studying W.E.B. Dubois by myself in the 1980s. Love that man! P.S. Did you know that the Dubois family couldn't afford for W.E.B. to go to Harvard, so the town where they lived (they were the only Black family) took up a collection and put him through college?

[@nash984954]

Darkwater

[@ibrahematta4218]

He did not go to Harvard bc of his financial issues, but bc Harvard did not accept black students.

[@susanmercurio1060]

@@ibrahematta4218 : He went to Harvard. Where did you get your "facts"?

[@ibrahematta4218]

@@susanmercurio1060 He went to Fisk after being refused admission. He finished his Bs there and went to Harvard and repeated his undergraduate studies. Read the radical democrat by the late great Manning Marable. It is a biography about Prof Du Bois.

[@manuelbaez7148]

Thank you gentlemen for such a great convo i learned so much, never ceases to amaze me the hatred this country is built on

[@jonblaze4244]

And this hatred still exists. Black communities are literally fighting for alot of the same things now as before the civil rights movement. It's as if the civil rights era ment nothing.

[@biff408]

actually the country was built upon "I'm getting mine, I don't care about you" and the collection, evasion and enforcement of debt and property rights. Everything else including the hate sprung from those roots.

[@compassioncampaigner728]

. .......and continues to rely on

[@deloreswillis9224]

Sayyyyy that

[@cheri238]

Read the "Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith carefully and Alex De Tocqueville's book, "Democracy in America," and Howard Zinn's book, " A People's History of the United States of America." Along with all Chris Hedges books and Professor Gerald Horne's. Then also may I add philosophy and history that goes back 5000 years ago as cultures traveled and languages mixed.

[@clarityendschaos9293]

You need to have Gerald Horne on more often. His got a new book out on Texas.

[@jimsliverootsculturemusic]

That will be an enlightening but bitter read.

[@kwamesarpong1925]

I will look for it. He takes pride in his field. That has to be an awesome feeling.

[@compassioncampaigner728]

You meaan........Gilead-Kabul formerly TX

[@jimmcguy5511]

W.E.B. Dubious unfortunately has all but been forgotten. However, I believe all true scholars find him eventually. I highly recommend reading Professor Gerald Horne's work. A fine historian.

[@uncleshamus3451]

Great show. Thank you✌️❤️

[@lindascanlan6317]

"My client didn't do it and he won't do it again"....that line hit me like a punch gut....brilliant discussion..ty both.

[@clifover]

W.E. Du Bois' spot on exposure of the telling of history for convenience of the ruling class is both brilliant and prescient. He is telling us our reality in the now. We are living it to the max.

[@kwamesarpong1925]

Gerald Home, what a great discourse. I wish you were there when I had enrolled at U of H. I am a graduate of the school. Your answers were sparkling on point. Yes, I was accounting major but if I had to do it again, I would have been in your field plus economics. You gave me chills when your explanations went into the thinking of W.E.B. Dubois. For all that he gave to America, he ended up in Ghana. His name still resonates in my country & a center is named after him. We lost an African son on the soil of Ghana in 1963.

[@000piper000]

Real News thank you for putting Chris Hedges on!

[@melcollins4016]

Respect Chris Hedges!

[@fredkeillor]

Thank you so much for this interview with Gerald Horne and reflections from you both about the great WEB DuBois. Living in Atlanta, where DuBois lived and taught for a while, his work and advocacy for justice are constantly on the radar screen for activists in the south and, of course, the work continues!!!

[@WinsomeBrooks-gm8jo]

I can remember whst did written and ..my ñbone in two sixteen was win

[@salvatorefarmerson3226]

Thank you Real News and Chris Hedges

[@charleskesner1302]

Always good to hear from Professor Horne. A voice of truth.

[@paul5434]

Thank you Chris it's so good to get to learn about these brave and brilliant Black men from the history of your Country 🇺🇸👍🏽

[@benbashore8561]

I love this discussion.

[@lisawalker8014]

This is really important stuff. I remember studying DuBois and Washington in college and it seemed that both their approaches had genuine value in that practical education for practical purposes is important for all of us but at the same time we need that bigger vision that Dubois had that leads into more things like blue sky research and developing a full person, not just an employee. The longer I am alive, the more I think DuBois was right in that our education system has imposed that narrow technocratic vision of only educating people for particular jobs and that no field outside the s t e m area has any value at all. Marketability Uber a l l e s has become a tragedy in education for black students and for everybody else.

[@laterisaferondii1435]

This is great. Thank you Chris.

[@timrenshaw7298]

Outstanding!

[@nash984954]

Thanks for these interviews with Dr Horne.

[@j.w.2391]

Great post Chris,...thank you for bringing on Dr. Horne to discuss Du Bois. It was a good antidote to the problems I found in Baynard Woods discourse / discussion of his work Inheritance. I was miffed at Woods because he failed to Credit DuBois right off the bat for first theorizing Whiteness / Privilege at the turn of the century. I particularly like Horne's analysis of DuBois, setting the record straight. There is still much ideological conflict in the 21st century between the DuBois and Booker T. Washington schools of political thought. Black conservatives / Nationalists tend to Wrongfully dismiss DuBois as a sellout "Integrationist" who led Afro American politics astray while over - celebrating the MYTH of B.T Washington and his Conservative Accommodationist / Separatism. Black Conservatives fail to understand that without good Politics / Anti White Supremacist politics there can be no powerful / genuine Black Economic Uplift.

[@j.w.2391]

I feel a lot of young Black people / conservatives fail to understand the breath and depth of Jim Crow law and what DuBois worked to dismantle. Yes, there were many weaknesses about DuBois and his Talented 10th theories of uplift, and the bourgeois classist thinking of the NAACP, etc. But Notions of Jim Crow public spaces, traveling and Sundown Town edicts would untenable in the 21st century. Black Conservatives wax nostalgically about Black Separatism, exalting and mythologizing the sense of Community that was Lost to Integration. Black Conservatives fail to understand that the Black Nationalist / Back - to - Africa Movements are long gone. Those windows of time are forever nailed shut.

[@jonblaze4244]

I have only one little pushback. I argue their can be no black economic uplift under capitalism. This economic system is built to have different classes and black folks will forever be on the bottom because of racism and bigotry.

[@jeffwilson8246]

@@jonblaze4244 BIG FACTS!!!! Also the Blaxit/repat movement is strong & very much still alive

[@j.w.2391]

@@jonblaze4244 I would not disagree with your point about Black uplift under the Present State of Capitalism either. For what its worth, Afro Americans can never escape capitalism. Many of us remain uncritically and misguidedly " invested " in it anyway, not recognizing its traps and paradoxes. But Historically, whenever we have tried to Participate in the White Capitalist SYSTEM, we have been marginalized or completely excluded----had our businesses burned down, denied Government Protections / License, and Bank Capital. All the Booker T. and Marcus Garveyite Black Conservative disciples out there dont seem to recognize that one still needs Govt protections or Investment, if one's business is to Thrive and not remain just a "side hustle". And there is no point in going off as a Black Separatist, building your little "back to the land" commune---where is the Infrastructure and Development going to come from, where is the water and hydro-power going to come from...? The Blaxit Movement is a great IDEAL and Delusion.... it aint gonna happen in our lifetime. That Black Separatist Window of Opportunity was Nailed Shut since the early 20th century / World War I. Blaxit to Where, what part of America...? The Caribbean or West Africa-----where China is busy Re-colonizing and making slaves out of children...? Even Continental Africans cant get it together to fight off China's influence...? Sorry, if I sound Disillusioned.

[@BernieHollandMusic]

@@j.w.2391 You got it wrong on China. . . . .

[@saburabdul-salaam2418]

EXCELLENT!

[@Frankymmaz9097]

Chris Hedges 👊💯👍!

[@alfiemendo]

Always a pleasure to hear both of you speak, keep resisting.

[@nash984954]

I so love Dr Horne, a less known yet a crying shame he was not heard of sooner, I thank Abby Martin for an interview she did with him after breaking the set, as a historian,the most accurate I have listened to, and learned so much good information. My mentor was a black man and the smartest person I ever met and we were friends, he literally saved my life, so depressed I was over the perceived slow anti-racism that was taking place even tho' we won taking down 'Nam war, and peace, love and brotherhood was our song ya might say, and I worked with a Supv black and black comp-any no whites would work for in SC. Fun work crew we had fun. Mathan saved me, we need your voice later, sure slow process, but we will need more allies lke you.

[@SCHRODINGERS_WHORE]

Oh snap a fellow breaking the set fan ☺️☺️ yay.

[@WinsomeBrooks-gm8jo]

Ujamiai acan let dlown your country

[@linzierogers5024]

Excellent conversation and interview.

[@ibrahematta4218]

The great Prof Gerald Horne is undoubtedly the Du Bois of our time.

[@maxheadrom3088]

I checked his books on Amazon and found some very interesting works including one about slavery in my native Brazil.

[@ibrahematta4218]

@@maxheadrom3088 yeah, that's another great book.

[@robertbartlett1958]

Brother West as well

[@ibrahematta4218]

@@robertbartlett1958 I love both to death but they are slightly different.

[@yesm450]

You said that right... but who was DuBois, really? Read and read more. Go deeper that the surface tale. Kind of disgusting how these tales have been carried like water for so long. Time for truth to rise up from the wells.

[@misstunes1765]

Please sit down with Dr. Gregg Carr. His wisdom is basically unparalleled among todays educators.

[@jasonlacroix6083]

So often lately we hear of the party of Lincoln and their freeing of the slaves. Yet, we never hear of the desire to expell them from the country. It makes the whole thing stink of a political ploy to gain favor and moral high ground. Along with the fact civil rights took 100 years to be granted.

[@princesstonyaj]

How different our world would be if Henry A. Wallace wasn't crushed!

[@sutikareoluwagbenga1272]

The mentioning of Marcus Garvey should have been touched on here, especially in the mentioning of Booker T. Washington.

[@CoreyHarrisinterviews]

I’m reminded of Paul Gilroy’s observations on Du Bois in The Black Atlantic as I listen to the great Dr Horne. Thanks for a great video.

[@2bsirius]

I just finished reading Sarah Chruchwell's wonderful book The Coming Wrath. It was amazing! I think it may have been one of your suggestions. If so, thanks, Chris.

[@TroyBrownTV]

I’m simple. I see Gerald Horne. I press play

[@hadjisingh2322]

Brotha Chris, this was an amazing episode. You have rekindled my obsession with WEBD. Can’t wait to dive back into his writings.

[@yesm450]

Be sure to research DuBois' involvement in the Tuskegee Experiments. Yes... research it.

[@geoffreynhill2833]

BEST THEME-TUNE ON KZbin, CHRIS! Greetings from Green Fire, UK. 🌈🦉

[@kathleankeesler1639]

Thank you.

[@jessehull1612]

This was excellent.

[@dominiquesanon5165]

thank you for this informative 👏 🙏 👍 segment

[@bettyjaneantanavicius9800]

Fascinating stuff!

[@tracyclark7560]

excellent that you brought in Wallace information. Scholarly, precise, informative, caring, sharing. Thank You C.H. & Dr H

[@InTheBleakMidwinter]

Brilliant

[@annesaunders3851]

We all need educating, not training. Thank you for a step in this direction.

[@davidromney4150]

"History is argument without end." --Pieter Geyl I'm intensely aware that people cannot seem to agree about what is happening in the present. I'm amazed that I once believed that what our History books taught was objectively true.

[@andreageorge8481]

Excellent!!! Thank you

[@UrbaNSpiel]

Great

[@frandrepol7204]

Bright, clear and sadly evident.

[@domingodeanda6113]

That was pretty damn good.

[@dalehodges5362]

THAT IS AN AWESOME PIECE OF WORK Bro.

[@u563rick6]

Fantastic

[@aptorres01]

Great video

[@donaldedmond4117]

The Black community has never recovered from the prolific impact of left politics on the African-American community throughout the United States. Booker T Washington built the most effectual educational institute of his Era. The ability to put food on your table through honest labor was part of the legacy of Booker T Washington.

[@nigelralphmurphy9565]

Can someone tell me who the singer is and the name of the song he's singing that prefaces all these YT episodes?

[@chrishedges2203]

Willie King and The Liberators "Terrorized"

[@Benjamin-jo4rf]

@@chrishedges2203 absolutely love these episodes. This episode specifically got me fired up enough to try to preach DuBois to a gathering of mostly swiss German Anabaptist folks this past weekend called "kingdom fellowship weekend" . Thank you for the encouragement Chris. I just ordered some Dubois for my 12 year old son and I both to read

[@dariushines306]

I have many issues with Du Bois. First, Booker T. Washington was encouraging craftsmanship among African Americans and yes it's true they couldn't get work if they couldn't get in the union. But Washington also embraced segregation, which meant that Blacks would have our OWN unions, and be able to serve other Blacks. Washington was laying the foundation for a vibrant business class of craftsmen and tradesmen, which we can now see is needed more than ever. He wasn't elbowing them into a cul de sac. Second, Du Bois was a strident opponent of Marcus Garvey, arguably the greatest organizer in the history of Blacks in the Americas. His jealousy and hatred of Garvey, who was in need of skilled thinkers and administrators, laid the foundation for the setting back of Blacks in America for generations. As much as Du Bois hated Garvey's "Back to Africa" movement, Du Bois himself moved to Africa, the final indictment of his hypocrisy and treason against Black people.

[@adamk5937]

Although the irony of what Texas and Florida are doing to asylum seekers from Venezuela today, to score political points with their base, should not be lost in this argument in 2022!

[@CAM-fq8lv]

Can you give a link to the opening song?

[@jeffreydrhodes]

I would encourage everyone to get a subscription of Chris Hedges Sub stack. 6$ a month is a bargain. I would also recommend his audible titles. Thank you Chris Hedges.

[@susanmercurio1060]

Dr Horne, I decided that the "Southern accent" is based on those same African cadences, which the good old boys in the South when I grew up, would be horrified to learn!

[@wavell2000]

I like his preference in operating system distros

[@CharlesGholsonAllen]

Who is the musician in the opening sequence? The blues song is dope but I don't recognize the music or voice.

[@benbashore8561]

I cannot dismiss Eugene Genovese’s writing which says that to maintain the southern enslavers as completely dominating enslaved Africans dismisses the contribution of enslaved Africans to the world of the U.S. unfolding. There are nuances to this territory that we are mistaken to pass by. It is so easy to paint the simplified picture. White horrific mistreatment of blacks is a crime against humanity, but we all would benefit from recognizing the enslaved Africans as resourceful, courageous, and intelligent even under slave states and never completely overwhelmingly dominated.

[@the16blackmeccas68]

The World and Africa By WEB Dubois. Explaining how Afrika has contributed to all of the world's cultures in the form of: - Agriculture. - Geography. - Agriculture. - Academics. - Architecture. To name a few. He died in GHANA working on THE ENCYCLOPEDIA AFRIKANA with Osagefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah.

[@DaintyAF]

Have you ever seen the talk Akala gave at Oxford on African contributions to world history having been erased? It's informative, infuriating & entertaining the way Akala presents. It's here on KZbin.

[@BernieHollandMusic]

"Either America will destroy ignorance or ignorance will destroy the United States" (W.E.B Dubois)

[@somebodyontheinternet1090]

I wanna that chrisnfor diving deep into history so I can hear these conversations I cherish them

[@judithwyer389]

Please cite the source of DuBois quotes.

[@fatrobdouble]

awesome glasses.

[@CarolPrice4p]

Is that Ella Baker at 0:13?

[@user-wl2xl5hm7k]

Can all in left YT please start educating people about both: (1) the difference between right-authoritarian vs. right-libertarian; & (2) the difference between left-authoritarian vs left-libertarian? It’s long overdue. People aren’t cattle or sheep: They will understand if we educate them. Though we need to educate (& learn) about all the nuance.

[@princesstonyaj]

BERNIECRATISM is Economic White Supremacy from the left.

[@doktormcnasty]

Keeping it about left vs. right plays right into the hands of those who use those divisions to keep their knees on the necks of humanity.

[@user-wl2xl5hm7k]

@@doktormcnasty You’re absolutely correct. All must educate others ✊

[@jimsliverootsculturemusic]

That's some real gut-bucket blues in the intro...

[@EarthColonyNet]

Dr. Horne, I think there is value on both sides, i.e., Dubois and Booker T. Washington. For example, in California one rarely sees blacks working in the trades and construction compared to 50 years ago. At the same time, 85% of all scientists are white men and women. I do not think learning the trades which will always be needed limit intellectual depth and broadness. I think black people should strike a balance between Dubois’ idealism and Washington’s pragmatism.

[@trishaanderson7344]

Anyone outside the privileged white Anglo Saxon race knows the limits as dictated by the white privileged class. Brown, black Asian and all indigenous peoples plus women of all colors even white, learn the consciousness that this program addresses. The greater the discrimination the more the second consciousness is necessary to live and fine a modicum of success.

[@JSB1882]

Thank you so much - I feel that he is being kicked to the side in history.

[@compassioncampaigner728]

Another manifestation of our empire's death throws.......indifference to quality citizens and a preoccupation with military, cops, wealth accumilation. 2030? 2045..........for the collapse?

[@ermionigeorgiou1952]

Ευχαριστώ θα φροντίσω να βοηθήσω με όλην την δύναμη μου και προ πάντων πιο συνετά Χρίστος Γ. ΛΟΎΚΑ

[@eltomoah9237]

WEB Duboise was a great writer and advocate for the equality of black people but he had to evolve to that position. as he initially saw himself as a mixed race person not particularly black. He had to come to grips with his blackness after he was attacked by the U.S.Govt. as Anti American. Professor Horne has been very kind to Dr.Duboise for not mentioning that Duboise was an anti Black Nationalist and helped to undermined the. Nationalist Marcus Garvey and his movement, He did a great disservice to Garvey's reputation and legitimacy in a vicious conspiracy to discredit him along with other integrationist as A. Phillip Randolph. Duboise was no more eloquent that Garvey in defending the honor and dignity of African people in writing or lecture. Let's have a documentary on Garvey for fairness.

[@sergebaron9086]

The architect of civil rights the son of a Haitian his great grand father Élie Dubois was the director of Education .

[@zakiyahbanathahdawan452]

All Praises To YAHAWAH BAHA SHAM YAHAWASHI! Thawadah Beloved Watchman Of Our Heavenly Father! Very Very Soon This All Will Be Over! Please Beloved 12 Tribes Of YASHARAHLA! Repent Our Heavenly Father Love Us! Let's Go Home Saints! This is Just The Beginning We are Going To Do Greater and Beyond, In Heaven! Peace Be With Us ALL In These Last and Evil Days To Come! Less Than 2 years! I Lie Not! Shalawam and Salutations Beloved Saints and Family!⏳ 🕊️🌹🕊️

[@LittleOrla]

Unfortunately, when you graduate from high school and college, you must spend the rest of your life overcoming all the misinformation, myths and outright lies you're taught. Many never recover.

[@troyheald77]

AAA+++Bedford, Texas

[@indonesiamenggugat8795]

🌹🌹☘☘

[@JosephDuvernay]

A great American!

[@sistajoseph]

Dubois was an intellect, he could see the power of intellect and he wanted his people to have it. The intellectual road takes you to the top like a rocket. Black America also ignored Booker t Washington; his was the road of skills and industry. In the little book, Reformation: African American by Piankh, there is an appendix entitled: Rise of The Talented 10th. The time has come.

[@princesstonyaj]

We have more Booker T's than Du Bois' today.

[@the16blackmeccas68]

We need both...no such thing as a 1 dimensional Blackman, Black is the full scale...all the colors in the spectrum combined.

[@princesstonyaj]

No sir! We must be undergirded by a political philosophy that a bottom caste group up agenda that heals the wealth and income gap! We have the benefit of history and data to validate those prophetic voices of the past! I'm not afraid to say you're wrong to the educated class that we witness negotiate positions for themselves in #GovernmentUnderwrittenWhiteSupremacy!

[@the16blackmeccas68]

@@princesstonyaj WEB Dubois didn't build a College..? Great man don't get me wrong but let's not play the Malcolm vs. Martin or Huey vs. Bobby...or Malcolm X vs. Elijah. That's the devil job to divide.

[@AudioPervert1]

We non-americans know so much more about America, than the average Joe or Jane. Be it about history, colonialism, empire and it's rotten white legacy. Folks of whatever color, including Chris Hedges, Chomsky, Gerald Horne, David Stannard, Howard Zinn have done humankind a great favor by talking about America and whatever empire that brought us to this terminal stage.

[@blkhistorydecoded]

If the South was SO RACIST, why did the Northerners have to come down and FORCE the Southerners to SEPARATE BY LAW?

[@allpowertothepeople8738]

I only wish intellectuals would join us on the frontlines in building dual contending power. We out here Come stand with us. All power to the people

[@vintagechild4418]

It requires balance, here we are today with a deficit of trades people leaving large gaps in many industries. We over emphasize formal education that the others were stigmatized and we are paying the price, especially in the Black community.

[@truthbombs5983]

ONLY the black community is paying the price

[@JamesBrown-lq2im]

Booker T. Washington was spot on...Those vocational skills would pay a lot of money in modern times... Carpenters and Plumbers and Brick Masons and Electricians pay a lot of money today ...Which would be valuable skills passed down from generation to generation...Dubois was idealistic but completely naive... Enough said.

[@jrsmith1180]

I could listen to Dr. Horn talk about Du Bois all day long.

[@lindabilly5471]

W.E.B DuBois was in disagreement with Brooker T. Washington?

[@WinsomeBrooks-gm8jo]

Them may kill me fright down

[@medicuswashington9870]

The fact of China has changed the design.

[@Genedide]

Have Dr. Horne back to talk about white liberal betrayal from Lincoln to today