The difference between classical and operant conditioning - Peggy Andover

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Why is it that humans react to stimuli with certain behaviors? Can behaviors change in response to consequences? Peggy Andover explains how the brain can associate unrelated stimuli and responses, proved by Ivan Pavlov's famous 1890 experiments, and how reinforcement and punishment can result in changed behavior.
Lesson by Peggy Andover, animation by Alan Foreman.

[@janetmckenna_lowry]

What do you bet that for the rest of his life, whenever he hears a bell, Pavlov thought about feeding the dogs.

[@suhaibfarooq3343]

I haven't seen a smarter comment in the feed ;)

[@JM-ef5xy]

Lol

[@gdp6580]

@Bowden C. 😂😂😂Brilliantly said!

[@bidZee]

Mind = blown.

[@jidenathan9965]

Nice twist.

[@mnementh818]

Finally someone who can explain classical conditioning. I've had two different teachers who couldn't figure out how the various types of stimuli are labeled.

[@iPostiPodiEatiYuri]

its kinda confusing ngl

[@thenerdycousins9099]

“Tell me, I won’t get mad, I promise” Classical conditioning we all have

[@llily1797]

😂

[@squiblesj1437]

Trust issues here 😂

[@robertdaniels6644]

Is it ironic that after all these lectures on classical conditioning mentioning bells, I now reflexively think about conditioning every-time I hear a bell?

[@suhani551]

Omg

[@daneericka58]

and everytime i see my dog lol

[@GambitronPrime]

I guess that's why schools use bells.

[@ranc1977]

@@GambitronPrime Schools are conditioning systems - everything is used as conditioning there.

[@WilliamOh1021]

Her voice is so soothing. I want a teacher with this voice. :) And the lesson was great too.

[@ljd710]

Last day of study for the exam tomorrow. Definitely easier to understand compared to my notes.

[@1Atlkid]

+ljd710 So...how did it go?

[@ljd710]

1Atlkid Wow this was a while ago... But I remember doing really well in that part of the test. Passed overall

[@walaael-hajali9112]

same 😂😂

[@jonathanlai163]

dammmm its my turn tmr

[@YogeshPersonalChannel]

My turn today in two hours

[@aureusyarara]

Ahhh, "We need to talk" is classical conditioning, then....

[@LisaGallegos]

OMG yes

[@havannguyen-trong]

best comment ever!!=)))

[@gdp6580]

😂😂😂

[@gdp6580]

@@nurkhairianissofeaabdrahim3856 listen to Ted Ed, then read comments...

[@ceciliahorner2664]

And so is randomly getting a text from someone that just says "hey." INSTANT anxiety for me.

[@LenLeonardo]

I really like this animation style, is there a specific name for this style apart from USSR propaganda?

[@TheBokiya]

Constructivism.

[@LenLeonardo]

nice thanks dood

[@disrael2101]

USSR conditioning ;)

[@tarandaasanand2444]

@비니보이 yes and it looks good

[@ObeySilence]

Yes, Constructivism "invented" by El Lissitzky.

[@blessmoremulenga952]

I love the way you married the narration and animations! The video was very helpful and I look forward to seeing you bring the difference between classical and operant conditioning.

[@bernardoabecia6979]

What is the defference between classical and operant conditioning?

[@andregulle4026]

@@bernardoabecia6979 Classical conditioning is when a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (response) examples is what you've seen in the video where dogs wouldn't react to just ringing the bell but if paired with food, they will eventually react.

[@ethanomcbride]

This came up after I watched a vid about Kafka. The graphics are (mwah, chef's kiss) perfecto

[@LonelyPianist-jn1oj]

*In summary* _Classical Conditioning_ - Stimulus then the response Ivan Pavlov Experiment - Ringing the bell then the dog will salivate _Operant Conditioning_ - Positive and Negative Reinforcement Positive reinforcement - Reward because of doing something great Negative reinforcement - No more punishment or additional work because of doing something great

[@lifesimulator3964]

LonelyPianist There's also Positive punishment - Giving something to punish the subject (i.e. homework) And Negative punishment - Taking something to punish the subject (i.e. no nut november)

[@L1z43vr]

Damn you PAVLOV!! To those of you who dont know what pavlov is allow us to explain GET BACK TO THE FIGHT!!! aaaaaaand, back to the fight

[@matthewtallent8296]

This looks and feels like USSR propaganda lol

[@dronedependence]

No. its true. You are conditioned to do things automatic.

[@artsyrant8931]

You are conditioned to see this particular image style as a USSR propaganda, boom.

[@rory7993]

MHVet its more association than conditioning because it doesnt fit into the descriptions of classical or operant conditioning since there is no reinforcement nor an unconditioned response - you might, however, be operantly conditioned to make this comment after observing others making comments and getting likes/approval, so you imitate their behavior

[@frankthetank8216]

@@rory7993 indeed this is association and logic induction USSR propaganda uses red colors and russia styled fonts This video uses red colors and russia styled fonts Conclusion: this video is probably USSR propaganda

[@ObeySilence]

It feels like a USSR propaganda because it is inspired by an famous communist graphic designer called El Lissitzky. Stop at 1:43 and google his name. "Beat the whites with the red wedge"

[@SheldonHelms]

The dogs in Pavolv's experiment did not "learn to EXPECT food when they heard a bell." Their conditioned response was not the result of a conscious expectation. That's the whole point of understanding Classical Conditioning. Their nervous systems became PRIMED by the sound of the bell through repeated pairing of this previously neutral stimulus with a naturally occurring unconditioned stimulus (food). Even if the dogs somehow lost the memory of their training through some form of amnesia, they likely would still respond to the bell by salivating. We know this is true with many humans who suffer brain damage, for instance. Even though they don't recall their past experiences, their conditioned responses remain, and they react to various stimuli as their training dictates. To say that Pavlov's dogs EXPECTED something is to suggest that Classical Conditioning is a conscious process. Dogs (and other animals) do not salivate as a purposeful act. Salivation is a nonconscious behavior. So, even if they learned to EXPECT food when they heard a bell (a conscious act), they shouldn't respond by salivating (because we don't activate our salivary glands on purpose). The fact that they DID salivate in response to the bell shows that the connection is being made in their nervous systems, not as a conscious process.

[@ahmed_shawa]

thanks for the comment... could this be applied to the example in the video (the nurse and the dentist)? I mean, can we consider developing fear after hearing the word "this wont' hurt a bit" an unconscious behavior?

[@therealstrigil]

My god! Thanks for saying my thought exactly; the research conducted by Pavlov had nothing to do about how Psychology textbooks (and/or teachers) are trying to twist the results nowdays. The relationship between the US and UR is not learned but innate. To recall "I've heard it on before, and it was painful" is such a bad example...

[@kalindisharma1632]

Thanks for your input. It was very helpful.

[@HoradrimKnights]

Psychoanalysts: the dogs were fed bells as pups, so now the sound of bells causes the dogs to salivate?

[@EmpyreanLightASMR]

But then what kind of conditioning is "conscious" conditioning called? Is there another term for this?

[@tagrisaj3344]

I absolutely love this art style. It's so clean and neat.

[@cathlenerandolph4602]

I think this method of conditioning begins at birth, as we know, as infants if they cry their needs are met, if they laugh and giggle they get love and attention, if they mis behave they know they will be punished. I used these examples of human behavior so that tells us that it didn't begin with Pavlov, he just named the conditioning and made humanity aware of this.

[@lucythemotherofathests1465]

It's the same as gravity we didn't invent it we discovered it I don't think pavlov or anyone else claimed that he "invented"it

[@Theweirdo23-w4e]

It's called discovering

[@waleededitz..277]

Wow 😳. Your communication skill is soo good. Also teaching style is unique. U r Teaching in an specific and marvelous way, which helps to understanding and decoding it easy. Lots of Greatful From Pakistan 🇵🇰

[@damarisrivera2049]

you have NO idea how much this helped! THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!

[@muchirifaith]

Such a comprehensive topic explained well in 4 minutes. Wow😍we need such teachers 😭

[@rachelsun3021]

This explains it really well... I went over and understood this in class, but I needed to go over it again before the final.

[@Arydis4]

Operant conditioning - the music at the end credits of a video

[@vitormachado8919]

Only if the music at the end makes you more propense to frequently watch more videos like that. Actually, this contingency could be both - classical and operant conditioning, depending on the effects on your analysed behavior. Nice comment!

[@minhaajhussain972]

Can you explain how? Just learning.

[@somegirlfromgermany7659]

Little piece of trivia: Classical conditioning is what usually teaches us fears. And it can be used to reinforce behavior as well, but it's not as effective as operant conditioning.

[@NoelSkye]

OMG! This helped so much more then my Psych notes. Thank you for this video! I have my final tomorrow.

[@doink4997]

I know it's been a long time since you wrote this, but out of curiosity, did you pass that exam? Also asking because I have had a bad experience of trying to learn from a YT videos just before examination.

[@trin9264]

Yea did you pass? Do you have a degree or a good job now? Curious!!

[@geneie6050]

Well, well, years later I'm here to pass mine! Cool

[@arelymedina]

Best video! I have a final tomorrow, thank you very much! :)

[@toymecha4522]

washes dishes, mom gives hug to 40 year old man, "thank you for helping me" 😂

[@ALHat22]

Trick question: if this video reminds you of communist propaganda was it positive or negative reinforcement or positive or negative punishment? What is the stimulus?

[@poochyhd3000]

P H neither one of them I'd guess since there hasn't been any behavior to reinforce. I'm just guessing, but I'd say it would be a conditioned stimulus.

[@chloefahrberger3057]

you are actually engaging in relational framing, which is an operant condition.

[@nostrasummit5785]

uraghhh!!! my brain!

[@nicolasnauli8658]

I think its classical conditioning isn't it? You are associating or reminded of the communist propaganda by connecting it to an emotion of deceit and distrust however it was framed. So the stimulus might be the animation's colours with the maps which just really makes me think of history class

[@LisaGallegos]

LOL

[@OsagieGuobadia]

Fascinating lesson about both classical and operant conditioning today on KZbin.

[@titaniastinkerings]

That disturbingly illuminates why I want so badly to change my birth name. You hear it called enough times in a certain tone and then get yelled at for something you did wrong, hearing it in other settings still produces the same anxiety. Hurray.

[@ziggy8253]

The animation is exquisite.

[@gedenirfiorese3523]

Thanks for the help my comrade

[@wissenschaft1103]

Nice style of animation. The difference demonstrated in the video is just. Which appears to be an even more distinctive feature between two demonstrated types of conditioning is that the first one occurs as subconscious activity whilst the latter represents conscious (deliberate) behaviour.

[@stormchii]

wow the animation was incredible

[@devensingh3837]

A very good demonstration, it helped me😊

[@dovei_duo]

Got exam tomorrow, so here I am! 😆

[@Adetutuoyetola]

This is the best of all thank you for explaining this the best

[@Acquavallo]

The animation is so great in this!

[@FatimaH-rt7oh]

Learnt about Classical Condition a day before visionning this video on The Office thanks to Jim and Dwight haha

[@maxtok414]

Beautiful visuals!!

[@rintu4569]

This explanation was amazing.

[@RMNJMHTY]

Thanks for helping AP Psychology students when their teachers can't.

[@zaneabouzahr2010]

This is great for AP psychology!

[@_aidid]

This is a very important theory in behavioural science.

[@0samaK]

I'm Grateful for this video

[@amandaluvzu22]

THANK GOD FOR THIS VIDEO EXISTING & THANK YOU PEGGY AND ALAN

[@abbieq11]

Pigeons preferring paintings What a mouthful!

[@chickenofcamelot]

Ahhhhhhhh this makes so much sense now, thank you so much.

[@maxwellgettings2835]

Great job Alan

[@beverlymutize1433]

wow such clear explanation thank u Peggy,l was clueless after this video l understand

[@ch3nre]

This video explains it perfectly. THANK YOU!

[@FarhadHakimov]

Gotta love the style.

[@itzmeneal5523]

Tysm ted ed love ur riddles this helped me in school beacause i was assingened a theorist and i got ivan pavlov this helped me understood his theory more

[@PsychologistSrajanS.]

Thanks for explaining it in such easy way. Luv u ted ed

[@singhsandeep1932]

U solve this vry easy way with marvellous

[@JacksonDanaHouston]

Thank you for producing this high quality and informative video. Could you tackle the entire subject and make some sense of it? It is impossible to gleam from thick text books.

[@dawnnbaby]

good intro video however you didnt explain the negative reinforcement part... as well as the positive & negative punishment....

[@youdeservetobehappynow7584]

Thank you. Very informative. I love the voice cover

[@soorayarawat7367]

Thanks. This is very helpful. I needed that.

[@adamreiland4630]

Wow, she didn't even mention Burris Frederic Skinner or Edward Lee Thorndike. They are literally the most important psychologists to the invention of operant conditioning.

[@itsthatsebguy93]

He's actually been nominated for the KZbin First awards 2013 I'll have you know.

[@hafedalshotari2973]

KZbin should add "love" button to this

[@Ryu-ix8qs]

Love the visuals

[@Kenz-x2m]

I enjoyed this video it was organized and easy to follow.

[@braindeadjoe]

It's the sheer notion that they can that makes it useful and it reinforces the understanding of conditioning

[@shashankjajoo]

Glad to know no examples of punishment were shown.

[@mikehuntous9468]

An example of classical conditioning is when i get anxiety hearing my alarm clock

[@shemikagriffith1004]

Thank you; Presentation today will be bang on!!!

[@nilofar728]

okay finally I understood this concept 😮‍💨

[@RedReversed]

Love the art style

[@aenguschinn6495]

4 minute KZbin video managed to cover 3 weeks of my psych class

[@jackpotatoe88]

A very well illustrated video.

[@Missimed9]

Brilliant explanation thankyou!

[@jaceegail7035]

when the bell rang at the end I bitterly went to the kitchen to see if there was food

[@VladTepesh409]

Very easy and intuitive to understand. Thanks.

[@SunshineInWoods]

I think this may be a bit confusing, because jumping out of the chair may be considered a voluntary behavior and not a reflex. The person runs away because they have learnt that by running away they avoid aversive stimuli (negative reinforcement).

[@dhruvdevvarshney1438]

Classical conditioning continues to have a profound influence on the fields of psychology and behavioural neuroscience. It is interesting to consider that Pavlov and his associates not only discovered the learning process of classical conditioning, they then went on to identify almost all of the major components of classical conditioning (i.e. conditioned and unconditioned stimuli and responses), developed the primary paradigms of delay, trace, simultaneous, and backward conditioning and identified and described many of the parameters that influence the process of classical conditioning. They also described acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery and dis inhibition, as well as higher order conditioning, second-signal systems, conditioned discrimination.

[@saint4726]

cool animation. really helpful

[@njgaona]

Short and simple thanks

[@MohanKumar-fk5rg]

explanation is very good😄😄

[@RedAfroNinja69]

You make a good point. It would seem at glance that turning pigeons to art connoisseurs is pointless but the whole idea is that we were able to. Scientists were able to apply operant conditioning to birds to have them differ between to different kinds of stimuli. This tells us that the idea of operant conditioning works and can be used as a effective means to train a creature. Maybe it will be used to train dogs to detect cancer or different kinds of drugs the practically is out there.

[@metaenglish3390]

perfect explanation

[@prithambalakrishnan]

Thank you very much. 👍 A clear explanation.

[@hopeisintheether2888]

Conditioning or Anchoring happens everyday in every single conversation. Happens in Music, advertising, movies. Etc

[@DocPortugy]

Thank you very much. This definitely helped me more than any part of my dang text book.

[@anitarichmond8930]

I remember learning about Pavlov's dogs while in school

[@anneleegirl1565]

I love how this actually happened to me not to long ago only she said, "this shot is normally 1,000 dollars and it will hurt."

[@psycho17901]

Beautifully taught

[@fireballfitness170]

1:25.. neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus 2:23... Operant conditioning leads to changes in voluntary behavior..

[@CodyCzar1]

That was good. Thanks Peggy.

[@alizeytayyab469]

thank u so much it was super helpful and super precise

[@DKTurbo101]

This helped a lot! Thanks!

[@MyCheeseMonster]

Do you want an award?

[@marcelsandino5483]

Behaviourism is amazing

[@mohammadadnan6374]

Wow , very informative video

[@TheaDragonSpirit]

If you wish to search through some of the studies. Go to nutritionfacts. org. Then look under each video for the cited source, then look for that study and read it. You can be unhealthy on a vegan diet too. But only if you do it wrong just like any other diet or life style. Fact is being vegan is healthier for people long term when done right. But it doesn't stop them being hit by a car does it. But if they aim to get healthy, it will enhance there life so much. It's given me my brain back!

[@blakeshepherd3420]

I totally get it now. Thank you.

[@danaalhammadi4763]

Thank you for this video

[@Shonda-vj7qb]

Very helpful. Thanks

[@jeremiahwilliamsmusic]

Great video - I would have likes a few more examples. Thanks

[@sjimen14]

This was great.

[@nigelmckee3058]

adore the soviet format! AND the content.

[@anonymouschange287]

This video teaches us that doctors who lie can traumatize kids and that saying thank you is just society making everyone feel better when they help others