The Four Humors, Explained

[@PatKellyTeaches]

A special thank you to my Patrons for making this video possible. I love getting to do these longer videos, but they take a lot of time to produce. Support on Patreon.com/corporis lets me take the time to go in depth on topics and not worry about cranking out content for the algorithm. If you're interested in supporting me, check out the link. Either way, have a lovely day!

[@Hermanubis1]

Stop the uptalk, it's so annoying. What's with the disgusting sneer on your face?

[@phinhnanthasone1231]

"Cry of the suffering organs" - I totally can relate to this, with my body had cried several times already

[@PatKellyTeaches]

It's such a good line, right?!

[@phinhnanthasone1231]

@@PatKellyTeaches Indeed!

[@Agameda1]

I first heard of the 4 humours aged 16 through Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, last century now 😊

[@SimmyKenz]

“Medicine daddy, sorry, father of medicine” got a real laugh from me. I feel humourily balanced

[@KevinButler55]

What a humorous video!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

buh-dum-chh!

[@kennie1814]

I would like to personally thank you for making me chuckle, it made my day just a bit better :)

[@lorenstiteler305]

Absolutely love your content! Just a couple corrections on the Chinese medicine side: 氣-qì does not refer to an "energy". The term literally translates to "air" or "vapor" and pertains to a classical Chinese worldview in which all things are composed of a single, fundamental substance which they regarded as a vapor. "five elements" is a mistranslation of the term 五行 wǔ xíng-five phases and pertains to a theory describing how vapor moves particularly as it relates to geographical influences. The theory goes that because everything is essentially composed of the same material, distinctions are not based on material composition but rather its behavior. In which case, The five phases is a model describing how this material moves. This makes it quite different from an elemental theory which proposes that all things are composites of a set of fundamentals. However, due to superficial similarities, the two models are easily conflated.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you so much for your generous explanations, and kind delivery of feedback. I really appreciate it.

[@TheWolfeDen]

Thanks for this! I had no idea.

[@lostindustries4961]

FINALLY! Someone who lists their sources! It's hard to list a youtube video as a source for A collage paper, but with this I can actually give credit to people! Thank you for informative video essay and integrity of source listing.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I take sources and citations seriously, so thank you for noticing. And make sure to check out some of the books listed in the description -- Passions and Tempers was a great source for this video

[@harikrishna69]

Is a collage paper one where you cut and paste?

[@TheEsotericaChannel]

I think another important cause for the demise of the humoral theory was the Paracelsian rejection of the theory in favor of early Iatrochemistry, especially that which thrived in French Paracelsian schools in the 17th century: Pierre-Jean Fabre, Nicasius le Febure, Bernard Gilles Penot, etc. These developments would be critical for the rise of modern pharmacology as well.

[@CamelDance]

Thank you Theodor Schwann, your cells caused me a real headache, but your research played a pivotal role in having modern neurosurgeons be able to remove that headache!

[@vHindenburg]

Lol, came from my home town. He has a big bronce statue in front of the historical post office

[@layanhammoudee3712]

I'm a pharmacy student and I wanted to understand the humor theory better so I clicked on your video and it's amazing!! Very well done on every aspect can't wait to binge watch all your videos ❤

[@robmorgan1214]

Sarcasm, slapstick, yomamma jokes, stand-up. I think that's about it.

[@TheEsotericaChannel]

From one educational content creator to another, let me thank you for your amazing work. This is just lovely and I'm so very thankful that you are producing this conten!

[@nickhoward7419]

It's funny seeing my favorite religious/esoteric channel comment on my favorite medical history channel, especially after you just started covering Paracelsus!

[@mightyena7092]

I thoroughly enjoy your videos each time they get released, I hope you know your content is top quality, keep up the great work!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I appreciate the kind words. I’m focusing on this channel much more this year

[@grandmauppercutter]

I hope the algorithm promotes you more I found this channel yesterday and it’s amazing!!

[@courage936]

the way you correctly pronounced ibin sina was refreshing ❤️

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you! I mess up pronunciations constantly, so I make it a point to look for pronunciations of non-English names

[@tombouie]

Quite interesting; Of course you're absolutely right but placebo/nacebo is amazingly real. For example when I was sick with the flu, my mom putting her hand on my head to check if I was still sick was the bestest medicine I ever had. Now I have to ask many times to get my fancy-pant physician-assistant wife to do it well. Nopes, my wife doesn't quite replace my mom (go-figure ;).

[@Ali_Ali5436]

I follow you from Syria Thank you very much for this wonderful content You are a great man❤️

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I love hearing where people are from! Thank you for the nice words

[@shinigami8068]

Lovely video as usual Patrick.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Many thanks! More to come

[@playmaka2007]

How do you only have 77,000 subscribers, your videos are perfection.

[@gokuxsephiroth4505]

Very nice. Very easy to understand. I'm just doing a little research on the humours for personal reasons, and this is one of the best videos I've found on it.

[@DanielinLaTuna]

Very cool video. One thing I would add - blood-letting actually works for some people with certain diseases. Folks with Viking heritage have a genetic mutation that causes too much iron (“heme”) to accumulate. Since iron is toxic, they need to bleed often. They were warriors, so problem solved. But, like in England, when the Norse invaders (the “French” Normans under William the Conqueror) settled and became a bit more peaceful, their offspring benefited from a medicine that, rightly or wrongly, “bled” sick people to “cure” them. Sometimes, these odd practices actually made scientific sense, in retrospect. 😊

[@jovan2361]

Mr Patrick your videos are good and informative that i can't enough of them! I hope your channel keep growing bc you deserve it! Keep the good work!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you for the kind words! Many more coming this summer

[@jovan2361]

@@PatKellyTeaches excellent! I can't wait!😃

[@jasonhall7491]

You deserve millions of subs. The quality is superb.

[@anastasiatoleen59]

You are amazing thank you so much ❤️ You didn't mention Al-Zahrawi(Abulcasis) or Ibn Al-Nafis, as these had great merit in medical sciences ،They created and composed many works

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you for the kind comment. I've heard of Ibn Al-Nafis before but not Al-Zahrawi. Can't wait to learn more about them

[@Garblegox]

15:53 those silly little pointing hands made me laugh. All that effort when an arrow would have been fine. I love it.

[@cyborgchimpy]

i'm not a med student or anything, but these videos are absolutely amazingly put together and very informative. really learned a lot here, thank you!

[@nikevisor54]

Been waiting so long for this masterpiece to drop. Thanks for helping us pick the right leeches :)

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Man, I really appreciate the kind words, and more broadly, your long running support.

[@dr.akashvishwe6812]

Sir, you solved my all questions about different systems of medicine, practicing all over the world. Sir, I have studied AYURVEDA. I was also not satisfied with humour theory of diseases. I always be thankful ❤ to clear my doubts about humour theory. 💥🙏🙏😊😊

[@7DK7DK]

Great production value !

[@ValentinoPrince]

Lovely video as usual Patrick.. Great production value !.

[@oamz]

Thank you for your efforts It’s a good brief overview of medical history

[@shakespearaamina9117]

Brilliant explanation! Thank you 🙏

[@chandlerzhu9735]

18:42 why do all the letter 's' look like 'f' ?

[@PatKellyTeaches]

So, I'm not totally sure, but a quick Google search tells me that it was a way of denoting a long S sound. You'll see it a bunch when you read sources from the 16th and 17th century

[@boisterousbladder3652]

i have seen it in many old manuscripts and written works, maybe that has something to do with the pronunciations. i also saw the same in Robert Hooke's Micrographia.

[@LittleKitty22]

In the old script, the letter "s" was written in this way in the middle of a word - it's not a long "s" sound. At the end of a word it was generally written like a modern "s". This was only changed in the 20th century.

[@13donstalos]

I was always curious about this. Thanks for explaining things so clearly. I always learn a lot from your videos.

[@everflores9484]

Commenting to help you with the algorithm, gonna watch later! I was wondering when you'd get out a new one a few days ago lol 😁

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I appreciate that. I had a rough autumn in my personal life, but now that I'm out the other side of it, I can put more energy into KZbin again. And this channel is getting my priority.

[@XOPOIIIO]

Why acetaminophen is around for so long if it's already debunked?

[@IanZainea1990]

7:35 enlarged to show detail. Like the little insert box in the corner of the atlas that shows the city details

[@hand.2]

very interesting to me how the balancing of humours resembles homeostasis

[@robertschnobert9090]

I enjoyed learning about humors 🌈

[@emmashafer4893]

Love your video! But wouldn’t Matthew Baillie’s last name be pronounced like Bailey, not like Bale? I also noticed that the video section about Matthew Baillie is called “Bale”, and I was wondering if there was any source that said his name should be pronounced like Bale and not Bailey

[@bubbletea1985]

I hope some day in the future, there will be a video talking about how far medicine has come since the early 21st Century.

[@cara-seyun]

Go make it!

[@cvleb777]

Subbed! Waiting on the Galen vid 😸

[@aztecchica]

4:26 Missed opportunity to use the "Numa Numa" song

[@PatKellyTeaches]

As a child of the 90s, I feel ashamed that I didn't

[@thecrazycapn]

Excellent video.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you very much!

[@Zeitgeist329]

Great video, great job.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you!

[@MarleneEllis1]

Very helpful, thankyou.

[@paulw858]

This is probably a really dumb question, but I've been recently studying the various aspects of our eyes, and there are two parts that have to do with "humour": aqueous humour and vitreous humour. Since those are still considered as humors, does that mean the stuff these old scientists considered humors are still humors? Like is blood still considered a humor? I'm insanely tired and probably not making sense. But I was just curious! I noticed that humor comes from a Greek word meaning juice or sap. And blood is sort of a juice, same with bile and phlegm... so maybe they are still considered humors, just not associated with these ideas of humorism?

[@jessiedevore3523]

Some I knew, some not. Love it 😀 😍

[@parkermcginley3708]

I would argue that some of the humoral treatments were very much reminiscent of modern medicine, especially in medieval Europe, warm baths, blander foods, increased consumption of water, bed rest, and herbal medicine largely mimic modern treatment recommendations for colds, flus, and other common forms of illness and disease. Treatments changed very little after modern germ theory was proven, with medieval nurses, often times nuns and other religious having a longtime understanding that cleanliness was of large importance in curing the sick and preventing the spread of disease. In fact there is evidence that in the early modern period when standards of cleanliness were relaxed there was a much larger outbreak of disease. So while their underlying explanations may have been wrong, their medical treatments were often the right course of action sans anti-biotics.

[@NZKiwi87]

I’m less than a minute in and completely distracted by that logo on your shirt - is it a flying pig?! Anyway, had to ask 😂 off to watch the content!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Hahaha, awesome comment. It's Brooks Brothers' sheep logo. Thanks for watching!

[@garrettbreinholt9748]

I love this channel, but man the KZbin algorithm loves it too. I was watching a Star Trek Lore video and videos from this channel were the first 4 videos suggested… I don’t see the connection 😂😂

[@ME-yp7fn]

15:42 Four hundreds years before William Harvey, Ibn al-Nafis discovered the pulmonary circulation: "The work of Ibn al-Nafis regarding the right sided (pulmonary) circulation pre-dates the later work (1628) of William Harvey's De motu cordis. Both theories attempt to explain circulation"

[@AmenProletar]

I want a small correction here. Before Harvey made the corrections about Galen's circulatory system, an Arab did discover the blood circulation between the heart and the lungs and his name was Ibn An-Nafis.

[@thamomentum]

Amazing. Thank you. Subscribed

[@eedobee]

I’d love to know what, if any, current medical treatments you see are on their way out. Personally I think wound packaging, applying heat/ice to swelling, and default tooth removal will be antiquated before ling

[@GlowstoneWolf]

is there a reason why you think those specific ones will disappear? super curious!

[@katethielen3883]

Some say that bloodletting came from men seeing women get upset, have their periods, and then feel better, so they applied it to other things

[@johnrine9671]

The 4 humors: Larry, Moe, Curly, and Shemp 🤣😂

[@Therock151214]

Your Channel is so underated

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Ayyy thank you so much. More vids coming soon

[@richardautry9594]

Four or five thousand years ago, were either before, across, or after the flood in which case healthcare either exceeded ours or was in the stone ages. And a couple thousand, it was in the dark ages, or transitioning through the latter.

[@empatheticrambo4890]

I'm disappointed, I was hoping to learn more about how to develop my comedic timing!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Lol, looks like you're off to great start already!

[@empatheticrambo4890]

@@PatKellyTeaches Seriously though, this was very interesting. These medical techniques seem so ridiculous now, but it's interesting to learn how cutting edge it was within the philosophies of the time, helpful or no

[@markb1170]

Entertaining and informative at the same time! Also, as a German I'd say you pronounced Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann correctly. :)

[@PatKellyTeaches]

A rare pronunciation W for me!

[@vHindenburg]

How about a video on what ancient medicine got right. I cannot get over it how ridolous humour theory is and how close it got to the truth, or at least it sounds like hormones.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I'm working on a video for August about ancient antimicrobials, and how some of them are pretty close to modern antibiotics.

[@sweet_t811]

the four humors= homeostasis?

[@mothiiee]

Tbh i think the funniest thing is telling ppl we still do a lot of humoral remedies, just for very different reasons than we used to. Especially medical leeches i love medical leeches

[@raptor4916]

No mention of Paracelsus? I'm very surprised.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I feel like Paracelsus deserves his own video! Even if it's only to mention his full name: Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim

[@raptor4916]

@@PatKellyTeaches a name so long the full video could just be you saying his name.

[@dr.fabriciogerardoacevespl5390]

Only for colleagues: The organism (the soma) contains two polarities, not only corresponding from right to left, but also from bottom to top, which differ in proportions and in the specialization of its cellular components. If we analyze it, it is very obvious that the cephalic structures have a breech correspondence; Let me explain what I just said... the brain with its circonvolutions correspond to the intestines, just as the brain is divided into two hemispheres, the intestine also has two parts (Auerbach/Meissner plexus), the upper cingulate corresponds to the lower one, the shoulder blades are the iliacus, the clavicle with the public bones, which would not both be in the front if there had not been happened a caudal rotation in the embryonic period, the mouth correspond with the anus that has its “dentate line” the Müllerian ducts that later will be either fallopian tubes or deferens ducts, etc.; correspond to the visual pathway, the seminiferous glands are the mammary glands, which along with the omphalo replicate the trigone, the scrotum corresponds to the internal part of the vagina, they present the same pattern of fissures when they contract, the lungs with the kidneys, the heart with the Pecquet cistern, also the muscle groups and the vessels with their vascular terrain correspond, the liver with the pituitary gland (portal system). Perhaps the unconscious would be the autonomous system, and the conscious is the autonomous system of the unconscious. Now I am combining this knowledge with Hippocrates' theory of humors, and the occult anatomy.

[@serenegenerally]

Well, now I’m gonna call Hippocrates Medicine daddy now

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I don't make the rules 😎

[@campionquinn1]

“Symptoms, then, are in reality nothing but a cry from suffering organs.” - Jean-Martin Charcot

[@codyfan1097]

Love the B.B. shirt!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you! I love a good collar roll

[@rogergriffin9893]

Natural herbal cures and a complete understanding of anatomy, plus basic cleanliness would have gone a long way to keeping at least some of them alive. Yeah, dissection and the invention of the microscope probably went a long way to getting things on track.

[@itsjus_tay5913]

I just found your channel and I am a post-traditional student, so these are nice concise bites of information I can use to refresh and review.

[@abdulhalabi3716]

Pats a dead ringer for Rob Van Damme!! omg,i thought it was him.

[@stevengill1736]

"medicine daddy", LOL I find this post to be very humorous......

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Glad you liked that one. Father of Medicine is too bland

[@Ervin-fg6xw]

He is learning!

[@kvarner6886]

Still waiting on that Pliny video. :(

[@theguywhosnothere]

The four humours, dad, dark, edgy and cringey

[@Heyu7her3]

😅 You forgot "dry"

[@ggEmolicious]

I hear 'Materia Medica' and I can't help but instinctively think, "Actually, it's called Restore Materia..." because of Final Fantasy 7. >_

[@michaelkitchen4174]

either and gas were thought of as two separate gases air being life giving bloodletting was used not that much or sparingly.this is sensationalizing it.either and fire representing mental problems or symptoms.

[@6eyed474]

It's been a documented phenomena that Koreans buy significantly more spicy foods during times of economic recession, so they weren't completely wrong that spicy foods could change a melancholic constitution

[@dimasakbar7668]

I would answer: Slapsticks; Bait and switch; Pun; Parody.

[@tradward]

"Is it a humor?" "IT'S NOT A HUMOR!"

[@PatKellyTeaches]

hahahaha this is a very good comment

[@cza7751]

Hysteria does not mean they thought the woman crazy. It means they believed the problem was with the uterus. Think "hysterectomy". I think Hippocrates needs more credit, especially now that we understand metabolic health stems significantly from the foods we eat.

[@joydeepsardar5858]

I saw this video, while my mbbs 😂

[@SandyRiverBlue]

Talk about irony, Empedicles the Impediment.

[@gurjotsingh8934]

We alternative (dissident) medical history!

[@59spadesofalife52]

I’ve been saying this theory is based on the bad feelings you get when sick or not well.

[@austinmartin1993]

Wow! I hope I live to see the day that academia begins to regard virology as it now does humoral science. Thanks a lot for such an insightful retrospective! Fantastic quality of research on your part!

[@killshock360]

It's kinda funny to think that they aren't as far off as we think

[@April-yq5oz]

Medicine daddy 😂

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Glad you appreciate that one

[@codekillerz5392]

+April This is kinda weird. Are you April from bioZone?

[@Joy-TheLazyCatLady2]

I am naming one of my next two cats Sixtus. I went to school with a dude named Galen so I am not naming a cat Galen. 🤷🏻‍♀️ Maybe I will name a cat Humorous. Maybe Humorous the Sixtus. Humoral? We'll see. 😂

[@PatKellyTeaches]

"Hello, these are my cats: black bile and yellow bile"

[@Joy-TheLazyCatLady2]

@@PatKellyTeaches 😂🤣😂

[@Space-wh4vs]

🙏🙏🙏

[@kevindoran9389]

I'd imagine black bile was just bloody vomit.

[@linkin543210]

You know, I'm a bit of humorist myself ..

[@vandarkholme4745]

Criminally under subacribed

[@Rene-uz3eb]

So on the one hand the humors model was a black box model that you basically analyze with input output or treatment vs outcome. The drive later was to understand the body better, but I would argue it gave us hundreds of years of misguided medicine because doctors would always assume they understand the machine when in fact they only grasped the most basic mechanics like the heart pumps blood which then to this day gives rise to stupid mechanical fixes, when the body is this evolutionary hypercomplex cellular machine. Germ theory was a big advance, but then again, the biggest advance was supporting the body itself with more complete nutrition, ie the analysis of the input to the body (vitamins etc), back to the black box model. Ie all the better health happening around the time of antibiotics was people got sick less because they ate healthier (fridge). I'm not even sure that sanitation (going back to germ theory) was such a big deal, because all this was discovered when people were still in a state of malnourishment, basically medicine as an alternative to food/immune system, which has misguided health care ever since.

[@breakfastsushienjoyer]

Lmao the 4 humors is crazy

[@skybluskyblueify]

I know this is about medicine and science but you may want to warn that there is discussion of dog vivisection [other animals too?]. I had to take a break after that. BTW I had fun reading the book: Things Come to Life: Spontaneous Generation Revisited, by Henry Harris on all of the classic experiments used to help get rid of the ideas surrounding spontaneous generation. A few of them went into the theories of disease and germ theory. The fights between famous supposed experts and the people that designed the experiments was wild.

[@PackWolfypack]

We get sick because Adam and Eve fell from perfection and because of what we eat. Eat more plants and less animals and you will find that you will be a lot healthier. But it’s your soul that is of paramount importance. If you gain the whole world yet lose your own soul what profit is there in that. Therefore choose life, choose Jesus, the Lamb of God. The way is open now but it won’t be forever.

[@rogergriffin9893]

😅

[@thezipcreator]

23:09 mac user detected

[@PatKellyTeaches]

guilty :P

[@yondie491]

You have to understand that they really can't... CTRL themselves

[@JoJoJet100]

MEDICINE DADDY