The History of the EpiPen | Patrick Kelly

[@PikeProductions23]

College Counselor: Do you want to major in History, or Medicine? Patrick Kelly: Yes

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Haha, the science came from college. The history came from an internship with a museum

[@TommoCarroll]

Sweeet! Commenting for the KZbin boogieman, adding to watch later for after work!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you Tom!!!

[@goodun2974]

I gave this video a thumbs up like, which turned out to be number 666.....😳🥴

[@loraweems8712]

​@goodun2974 oh, no!

[@Gregory_12]

@@goodun2974😈

[@HistoryandHeadlines]

It's neat that this playlist covers so many diverse aspects of the Cold War, including even medical history!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Props on your video as well. Loved all the archival footage

[@HistoryandHeadlines]

@@PatKellyTeaches Thanks!

[@motor.b33]

This channel is seriously underrated, but I've noticed a lot of people are starting to discover this gem of a channel! It is so informative and an interesting niche

[@mathieuleader8601]

A great invention that eases the pain and suffering of so many allergy sufferers

[@iamcurious9541]

10k views? What is the algorithm even doing?! Your channel was recommended to me yesterday and now I'm binge-watching all of your videos.

[@motionless_horizon]

I have Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, so I have to carry four epipens at all times, because I never really know what could send me into anaphylaxis. Even getting too stressed will send me into shock. Epipens are lifesaving, and it’s horrible that I have to pay $600+ for two pens, and given that I use at least two a month, it’s the most expensive medication I have.

[@lucehleblanc]

I have Ehlers Danlos syndrome and need to be tested for MCAS, but I develop allergies all the time. foods I once was able to eat suddenly give me rashes, vomiting, sweating, and shaking. same with outdoor allergens. I am very lucky to have never had true anaphylaxis, but its only a matter of time. this life saving medication should be free!

[@motionless_horizon]

@@lucehleblanc I have EDS as well! Definitely see if you can get into an allergist if possible, and a medical ID is super important if you don’t have one already

[@motionless_horizon]

@@DeRocco21 I’ll have to look more into that, the reason I haven’t yet is because in an emergency I don’t know if I’d be able to draw up the right dose and all that

[@thegatorhator6822]

Man that's rough as hell to hear. Many of us live smooth lives medically for decades and don't experience any of this, it's great some of us will hear about it through your comment and reflect.

[@thegatorhator6822]

@@lucehleblanc Producing medication isn't free, it requires the intelligence and labour of others who also need to feed their families. Uncompensated labour has a name and that name has a veeeery checkered history. Free? No. Readily available and reasonably affordable? Yes.

[@littlemissmisses2981]

I use one each week for my autoimmune disease treatment, amazing invention!

[@JulianOShea]

Excellent video, Patrick- I learned a bunch.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thanks Julian, it was a fun one. Get in on the collab next time!

[@KieranTheFox]

I'm so glad I stumbled upon your videos. I' never have guessed I'd love learning about medical history so much!

[@meteorical9175]

You do a great job presenting information! Can’t wait to watch your channel grow :)

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I hope so too. Thanks for the kind words

[@TheRach995]

Ty for making this, im working on a story that involves a lot of military, historical and medical research to do accurately, and this was really helpful.

[@CradilyBestPokemon]

I never thought I would hear the words a French prince, a poisonous sea creature and a fancy yacht in the same sentence.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

The history of medicine is full of situations like that. Wait until you hear about William Osler

[@zhuofanzhang9974]

Well, you just wrote such a sentence

[@Alphoric]

This just reassures me that back in the day scientists were just genuinely insane

[@sam_9228]

I mean, things just happened and they had no clue why so they had to start from somewhere lol 💀

[@someasiandude4797]

Imagine you are sitting next to a rock, it starts glowing, and now your skin is burning off. You wouldn’t probably think “omg radiation poisoning” in the 1800s, you would probably be thinking satan lived in glowing rocks and was trying to kill you

[@Scientician.BovineUniversity]

This is the most underrated channel I have seen in a while. I love your videos, keep up the good work!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thank you! I always appreciate shares on social media and Reddit :) Also, your channel name is the coolest

[@Scientician.BovineUniversity]

@@PatKellyTeaches thanks

[@UNPACKED]

Great video!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thanks! Yours as well. I'm stoked this project has gone so well!

[@laratheplanespotter]

These have saved my life on numerous occasions! Wasps, milk, latex and codeine allergies and mast cell activation disorder here.

[@Whomobile]

I've done EpiPen Training, it really is an excelent peice of equiptment!

[@stanleygagner]

Such a fascinating story. My mom and her friend went to Costa Rica when they were in medical school. Her friend was a bit unorganized and maybe a bit manic at the time so she didn't bring her EpiPen despite being very allergic to bees. They had to convince the Costa Rican phramacy to give them an ampoule of Epinephrine and a syringe just in case she got stung. This was in the late 90s, so access to these life-saving devices still was uncommon in that part of the world. Luckily she didn't get stung but it's still a crazy story.

[@goodun2974]

My mother developed allergies to pork and shellfish fairly late in life; after being hospitalized for a severe food reaction, she got a prescription for an epipen to keep in her pockebook. Several years passed without incideit because she was avoiding pork and shellfish and so when her epipen expired she threw it out and didn't bother to get a new one because she thought she knew everything she was allergic to and therefore had managed to avoid needing to use the epipen. One day she was out with her young granddaughters, got stung by a bee or wasp, collapsed, and somebody else had to call 911. She'd been stung by insects before without incident, but this time was different. After that she made sure to keep an epipen with her at all times.

[@stevengill1736]

Definitely! Africanized bees in Costa Rica have killed even non-allergic individuals.

[@darrensingleton7757]

I am thrilled to have found your channel! Great topics; fantastic presentation.

[@SNTACV]

Cool stuff! Stoked for more medical history

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Plenty more in the works. I'm stoked on some of these upcoming topics

[@munanchoinc]

I remember i used to think the Epi pen was one of those health shots you get in video games

[@羴]

Well stim shots probably have stimulants inside them like adrenaline and its a functional analog of the ephedrine inside epi pens. Also can you cover korobovs goofy ahh guns?

[@higormeisterlol]

Been following this channel since 15k subscribers, now it's 33k and I have a feeling that it's going to explode, so I'm gonna repeat this comment on every video to boost up engagement and keep track of it's growth. Anyway, superb job, definetly one of my favorites!

[@CamiWuzHere]

Its grown by 11k in a week

[@sixcos]

Great story!!!

[@cha0ticneutralbigs]

I have MCAS, mast cell activation syndrome where my body reacts to almost anything and everything including capsicum, peanuts, egg, grass, pollen, dogs, cats, rodents, soy, axe/lynx Africa body spray, mosquito bites and many more and sometimes I just stop being allergic to things I used to be allergic to or gain random allergies. I’m still not able to get an epileptic funded for myself but I’m so paranoid one day I’m going to have anaphylaxis and die when I could’ve used an epipen and lived and they are very expensive here unfortunately but maybe I will be going back in to see my allergist and get another 100 swatch prick test again. Great video

[@soubhikchatterjee3149]

Subscribed. Really informative video content. Thanks! Came from KhAnubis's channel, thanks to the cold war video collab.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thanks for coming over! The collab was fun to be a part of

[@caperdoodle]

Commenting to help out. Love the video exactly what I needed. I was curious how epipen started since my dad has one with him for bees. As a video editor myself, you did a great job there too. Thanks for this and you got a new sub!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I appreciate the kind words on both fronts.

[@Tser]

I've had to use an EpiPen twice in my life. So grateful to the scientists and doctors whose contributions made them possible.

[@eannamcnamara9338]

Allergies are so odd to me. The bodies sees a mundane peanut and then jumps to the conclusion that it should kill itself. What a weird concept

[@OneBlueFroggy]

Also why did they make Epi-Pens unaffordable to the majority of the population ?

[@waffles3629]

That would be greedy drug companies. Outside the US it is affordable.

[@merkur3887]

Because of America

[@Kevin-fj5oe]

Insurance company basically put everyone on a chokehold

[@daneeko]

Capitalism

[@MsZiomallo]

​@@daneekopatent system isn't free market, it's state's invention.

[@RachaelMarieNewport]

Love your videos Patrick 💖

[@PatKellyTeaches]

That's super kind of you. Thank you :)

[@bingrusginckle]

your content is really sweet I feel lucky that I stumbled on it

[@dichoseadepaso]

such things should never be patented for exclusive use. their monopoly stagnated innovation and made their bugs just a feature that make them more and more money. 600 dollars for a shot of epinephrine that lasts a year on the shelf??

[@leo_warren]

As someone who uses an Autoinjector for biologics, they are brilliant. The fact I can take my medication without seeing a needle makes it far easier.

[@wills_turtles]

This video was very fast, but still understandable. Since you are chemistry focused, I'd love you could do some aside videos about why these chemicals have that affect on the body. (Especially some visual representation about why epinephrine acts the way it does) I feel like we skipped a little bit about the why, to jump to the bait. This seems like a chemistry channel, indulge us :)

[@Blueoceandog]

1:00 Poor dogs. That had to be a very unpleasant death.

[@patricial.6758]

22k subscribers! Moving on up!

[@spencermcclellan1227]

Do epi pens open the airway or just fix blood pressure?

[@Joemama_77]

Can you do a video on biologics? I have psoriasis and on Taltz and always curious on how it happened.

[@samuelraytheweirdcontentgu8551]

As a person allergic to all types of nuts tree and peanut I am glad I have a EpiPen and won't die

[@MalloryJay95]

It doesn't mean you won't die....

[@voodoo787]

When i was i curious kid, i found my dads epipen he had told me to not play with it because it would sting me before i could react, me being me decided to ignore the warning and play with it anyways, thinking that i found the side that stung i found out i was hardly correct and ended up with my ears ringing and my vision vanishing, in the end i was fine but now i always respect any warnings i see.

[@williambrown961]

Love u brotha Pat

[@larryclemens1850]

Informative. You could do a whole video on how that number of 780 people / year was determined. The biggest problem with trying to pinpoint a number is that not all anaphylatic reactions are certain to produce a fatality. BUT, you never can predict which reaction is going to be the fatal one. And, if you delay the use of epinephrine, it may be too late for it to take effect. Getting back to that number, you would almost certainly need to use pre-epi pen data to obtain a baseline for comparison. The problem is that anaphylaxis is very hard to prove in autopsy. Recently the British were claiming that they NEVER had an anaphylaxis fatality. This is of course statistically very highly improbable. So, the probability of the number being greater than 780 is greater than it being lower - especially in the USA where reccommended hospital follow up care might be eschewed for cost considerations.

[@goodun2974]

My mother developed allergies to pork and shellfish late in life. After passing out and being hospitalized as a result of a restaurant dinner, she got an epipen to keep in her pocketbook. Several years later it expired and she didn't replace it because she hadn't had any further allergic reactions due to carefully avoiding these food allergens. Then one day she got stung by a bee and collapsed, and 911 had to be called; she'd been stung before while gardening but hadn't had a reaction. After that incident she carried an epipen everywhere!

[@123moe]

who claimed that?

[@larryclemens1850]

@@123moe Please be more specific. "That" refers to what?

[@ABaumstumpf]

And sadly many people claim they have allergies when they just have simple food-intolerances. No you are NOT allergic to cucumbers when all it does is give you some slight discomfort. Intolerances are very different from allergies - in what triggers them, how the body reacts and how dangerous they can be.

[@theninja4137]

Allergies and food intolerances are different by mechanism, not by how severe they are You can be allergic to something and only get a mild reaction, or have a food intolerance that gives you severe symptoms. The difference is if it is an immune reaction against some part of the substance (which can be differently strong, just like an infection with real pathogens can be a rash or the sniffles, up to a systemic shock from sepsis)

[@jakubsvoboda8004]

Adrenalin main effect is that it quickly inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells beside treating hypotenstion.

[@uditanandsharma2744]

The pricing even by name brands is surprising when comparing countries. Example Imodium costs $0.25 for 4 tablets in Asian market yet it costs yet $3.00 for 4 tablets in North America.

[@calorion]

I'm confused on one point. The needles in the military atropine injectors are hidden too. What's the difference?

[@taylortimbrook2030]

I have an Epi for pollen. F*CKING POLLEN 😂💀💀

[@Rosie-yt8nd]

fun fact: the adrenal glands are located right above the kidneys, hence the name. Adrenalin means "near kidney" in latin, epinephrin means "upon kidney" in greek. Adrenaline was extracted, purified and patented twice. The first was named epinephrine, the second extract was named adrenaline. It was patented twice, so you get the two names. Eventhough parts of the nervous system are named "adrenergic", adrenalin as a neurotransmitter is only used by a small number of neurons. The main sympathetic neurotransmitter is actually Noradrenalin.

[@Alphoric]

It’s not a fun fact if you speak like that

[@joestevenson5568]

Most receptors are named in a similar fashion. Muscarinic receptors and Nicotinic receptors are both activated by acteylecholine in the body. They're named how they are because they respond to nicotine and muscarine - neither of which are naturally produced inside the human body.

[@bioZone101]

epipens ftw 🙌

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Getcha some of that sweet sweet epinephrine juice

[@danielrichardson3613]

Real quick: BLUE to the SKY ORANGE to the THIGH NEVER put your THUMB on TOP It will turn BLACK and DIE

[@C.O._Jones]

Back in the 70s, I had the old civilian epinephrine kit, consisting of an actual syringe containing 2 doses of epinephrine (you used the same syringe a 2nd time, if needed), an alcohol pad, a very useless-looking thin tourniquet, and a packet with 2 Benadryl. I was supposed to jam that huge needle into my thigh if I ever needed it. Thank God I didn’t ever need it, because I don’t think I could have done it. No autoinjector outside the military then. The Epi-pen neeedle is hidden, so no problem.

[@BlazingDiancie]

Ah, those things I always have to carry but have never had to use.

[@maximusegh2309]

Good vid

[@solareclipse4241]

Nice video

[@PatKellyTeaches]

I appreciate that, thank you

[@bentoth9555]

My mom has to carry one with her when doing yard work cause of wasps.

[@XM177ColtCommando]

Grabbing adrenaline!

[@cristastreley408]

Im allergic to lemons. I had a very bad allergic reaction after a exposure. EpiPens hurt. It saved my life though

[@ScottRothsroth0616]

If EpiPen exists in/on over-the-counter (“OTC”) strength, I would have purchased one for my car’s first aid kit. EDIT: Typo

[@PatKellyTeaches]

It's unfortunately a bit more involved than Prescription vs OTC, but I agree with you. I wish we all had access to these things for emergency situations

[@ScottRothsroth0616]

@@PatKellyTeaches As of now [as of Sat., July 24th 2021], one can only dream. I appreciate the response to my initial comment.

[@betholin1534]

Epi-pens are temperature sensitive so leaving one in a car would ruin it

[@patrickdurham8393]

I suffer idiopathic anaphylaxis so have EpiPens everywhere.

[@zizizi3891]

Love your content. High quality stories distilled to bitesize. Keep up the good work! Just want to mention your link to TikTok is broken due to missing an @"at" sign before username.

[@thesisypheanjournal1271]

Richet looks like it’s 5:00 on Friday and was just about to leave work when something happened that was gonna need his attention for a few more hours.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Hahahaha, great description

[@somethingsomething404]

Wordz

[@joeyAPB]

Crazy asf to think that before this someone could literally have died just because they thought the blueberry looked tooo nice to pass up

[@DarkW8]

I remember my Frist EpiPen i was 13 not know what it is i found one in the neighborhood So I don't know what it is and i set it off into my finger Deam it was sooo swollen for mounts 😢 But ye im fine and i still have my finger

[@dimfuturefilms9070]

Where do they get the adrenaline? Who?

[@goodun2974]

I gave this video a thumbs-up like ---- which turned out to be like # 666.....😳😖

[@goodun2974]

There was a quack doctor some 90 years ago who got in trouble for advertising extracts of goat testicles as a cure-all remedy, so he built his own radio station in Mexico and aimed his broadcast antennae towards the US!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Steinach, I believe his name was?

[@goodun2974]

@@PatKellyTeaches , nope, Dr John Brinkley; and it wasn't merely an extract of goat testicles, he was surgically implanting them into people! (I Googled it to refresh my nemory). He built a radio station in Kansas, KFKB, but deaths of numerous patients prompted the revikingnif his medical and broadcast licenses in 1930, so he set up a radio station, XER, in Mexico The station broadcast early country, folk and bluegrass, what we now call "roots music", as well as, of course, ads for improving sexual vigor in men by implanting goat gonads. Decades later the station broadcast blues and early rock and roll; the rock band ZZ Top wrote a song about it, "I Heard It On the X".

[@joshuacheung6518]

Wait, so an ATNAA is just a big ass epipen?

[@one_under_all]

The Prince you’re talking about isn’t french he is monegasques. Monaco is a independent country. Otherwise great video. It’s mad 😉 that you have so few subscribers.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thanks for the kind words. I appreciate that :) You're right, I probably could've said Monegasques throughout the video, but Albert's nationality was a bit tricky to pin down. I ended up saying he was French because he was born in Paris in 1848, and Monaco wasn't recognized as an independent nation until 1861. At the same time, I had this internal dialogue of "Well what really *is* a nation?" and "what matters more: birthplace or career?"

[@stevelin3659]

His voice really sounds like NileRed without a facecam.

[@casedistorted]

The more I hear about how we have used Dogs as test subjects in every story, the more I believe that animated movie Plague Dogs may have been onto something.. But for real, only 31k subscribers? Wtf.. This is as good as Veritasium or Smarter Every Day in terms of what kinds of things I learn that I didn't know before. This was a video from TWO YEARS AGO?? wth.. Don't ever give up, this is fascinating stuff and I love the way it is explained.

[@BradyPostma]

Genuinely excellent video! The internet must be getting to me. As I watched, I kept thinking about how a history of allergies might persuade anti-vaxxers that allergies were not created by vaccinations.

[@PatKellyTeaches]

That's a great point that I hadn't thought of. Coincidentally, in the past the CDC used to recommend that people shouldn't get a flu shot if they had an egg allergy. It's a little different these days though

[@OneBlueFroggy]

@@PatKellyTeaches - now they don't care if you have allergies, you get mandated to do the hokey pokey ! Even if it kills you.

[@TheCleric42]

Pity you neglected the auvi-q in your video

[@ultralaggerREV1]

I don’t call these EPIPEN, I call these STIMPAKs as these are how they are called in video games

[@gsch5651]

Meds from rust gang👇

[@lawrencebishton9071]

george stienz

[@thegatorhator6822]

Eugenics is a science, I'm sorry if that happens to upset anyone because of it's messy history. But the idea of studying genetics to make sure you don't match with someone else with the same bad genes that will cause you to have a child with a disorder they must inherit from both parents is entirely valid, it's even why breeding with people from other diverse backgrounds is good for your offspring, as they are unlikely to have matching bad codes from both parents from diverse backgrounds. Just because it was used for stupid racial reasons by dumb supremacists does not make it invalid and it's put us back decades of science that it has been assumed to be automatically bad because of some of it's loudest proponents in the past making it about some master-race trash.

[@Dionysor]

History of EpiPen: 1. People die of anaphylaxis 2. I love capitalism and money 3. Hm yes i should invent the EpiPen and make it unaffordable as possible

[@xevsetter1201]

The generic ones are designed completely different and our use differently which makes it very unsafe

[@OneBlueFroggy]

So if it only causes problems like anaphylaxis after second or third shots, is that why they are doing boosters for COVertID ? One shot used to be good enough for the body to recognize the problem and to make antibodies, then store the information for when it encountered that bacteria or virus again. Not keep poking you until you get sick !

[@gelationousskin835]

Viruses have a high rate of mutation, especially global viruses like Covid

[@majid7925]

Amazing video!

[@PatKellyTeaches]

Thanks! I appreciate the nice words