The Heat Seekers: Sidewinder, IRIS-T, Asraam etc.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

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[@forfun5238]

Also, the missile dome is made out of material that blocks Visible light but allows IR and UV. Some of SM-3 interceptors use two color seekers (UV+IR) cuz just IR can't differentiate between a flare and target......you need IR+UV......also do you have any video on IIR seekers?? The LRASM antiship missile uses IIR in terminal mode to target a specific part of the ship........it doesn't use any active radar monopulse seeker, it just homes on ships radar emissions (in passive mode).

[@emmerad]

Could you make a video about the very early IR seekers? I think that would be interesting.

[@Aufenthalt]

Early IR had no focal plane array but just a sensor like photodiode. To determine the trajectory so called rotating gratings were used. An example of these guidance systems is the seeker if SA-7.

[@vinjulieann1]

AAA-4'a - I have a bunch of them - sold one to pawn stars April 2011.

[@shinjithenegotiator2795]

@@vinjulieann1 do you still have some ?

[@gordonlawrence1448]

@@Aufenthalt Actually the earliest quadrature sensors were not even photodiodes. They were lead sulphide photoresistors. EG that AIM-4 Falcon missile in the US and the early Firestreak in the UK. These were being worked on before the first germanium diodes were even available never mind silicon.

[@shreyassali2291]

Yes , especially the Hamburg system!

[@stephenfowler4115]

Actually it seems stealth technology increases the likelyhood of dogfights occuring in actual combat because it significantly decreases the range at which aircraft can be identified.

[@hansloyalitat9774]

We dont know yet if this "stealth technology" works yet, it just makes the plane harder to detect by reducing the radar cross section, aircraft can still be detected by strong enough radars like awacs so BVR isnt out of the question

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

What do you mean we don’t know if it works

[@TACCOFSX]

@@KZbinuser1aa never used in real combat where things go south in unexpected ways

[@Youtubeuser1aa]

@@TACCOFSX lol ok expert

[@rosevitelli5814]

That's not true the radar's on stealth will see the aircraft first and will fire we use the aim9x for the fact you never know a dogfight is possible war is unpredictable so with this weapon this missile will fly backwards forwards any just look and shoot and forget good to have in the bank if needed also we can shoot at longer ranges up to 90 miles I believe

[@stefanrichter9162]

You remember my old times when I build a black-body-collimator used in the spanish army for the calibration of a infraredspectrometer (Perot-Fabry-principle) . It was portable by three man aperture 250mm , FL -2000mm.

[@KillerWhale806]

I'm super interested in how the old sidewinders worked. I understand the basics, but it's crazy that they could use analog circuits for heat tracking 60 years ago!

[@theinstitute1324]

It's nearly 70 years now! What's even more wild is that the foundational work for the technology had actually been theorized and explored by the Germans during the war.

[@mcmoose64]

I have always wondered about the utility and effectiveness of the long-range IR guided missiles used by the Soviets such as the AA-6/R-40. Perhaps you could cover these ?

[@bassbuckmaster]

You sound like the " Stalingrad data" channel guy. Hes got great stuff too.

[@maurole740]

The early generation of IR missiles are specially difficult to trace. Another difficult topic is the accuracy differences between one Sidewinder generations to another or even compared to foreign models like the Magic, Mica or Archer for instance.

[@baerenfelser]

What about a video about the israely PYTHON SERIES?

[@Aliraza-wf8yk]

Such an underrated channel

[@itwasme2435]

Great vid like usual, thank you. But little critic here, schematic and picture time is way way too short, really to short, you need to put them longer please.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Noted!

[@alexandrec9372]

Thank you for upload! Already subscribed! Yes please make a vídeo abou IR technology history!

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Thanks, you are not the first asking. I definitely should do at some point.

[@KingKong-os7iv]

The infrared seeker looks like a fisheye or something.

[@ghostedyoutuber263]

There was a secret missile development program known as Advanced Super Short Range Air to Air Missile (ASSRAAM). It was designed to home in on the thermal signature of the jet engine exhaust. The missile would enter straight through the tail pipe and just rip it to shreds. But the program was cancelled because it was to be declassified. But the program refused to come out of the closet.

[@stinkybuddydog]

Psychological warfare.

[@trolly4233]

I see what you did there

[@DJones476]

Too damn funny!😎

[@smokincrater]

I would very much like to hear the history of IR missiles.

[@watdeneuk]

This vid sneaked under my rader, or IR-signature, +1 for the youtube algorythm.

[@pagarb]

Could a laser be used as a counter to an IR sensor?.. If so it might it be the basis of a defensive weapon against an IR guided missile. However, there are some issues such as finding the IR sensor which is a lot smaller target than an aircraft the missile is attacking. Perhaps the aircraft's radar could detect the missile and send the info to the laser to aim it at the incoming IR sensor, but it would all have to happen in a few seconds.

[@shi01]

Well, you could do that and it would work for sure on older IR-Missiles. If you try that against an IRIS-T for instance, you're dead. Because that MF switches than to "home on jam" and attacks the source of the laser, so basically it is laser guided then...by your own defensive laser...

[@bharatsharma3233]

Welcome back from the holidays! Multiple videos in just a few days Good video, as always! Can we also discuss UV, EO sensors and how IRCMs work? Thanks

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

I am thinking of doing something about passive sensors, but it is still up in the air (appropriate metaphor...)

[@ihsanullahstanakzai6049]

Very useful sir thanks. That will be very good to explain the history of infrared missiles.

[@tvsettv]

In the modern weapons, there are already large matrix sensors for ir, uv and optic.

[@laurenth7187]

I think the genial idea of the early missiles guidance is that spinning wheel in front of the photocell receptor, which in fact can evaluate the bearing of the target. That's it, how does it work ? Half of the wheel is blank, the other halt is filled with patterns. So when it spins, the IR receptor knows exactly in which half of the wheel the target is located, and the orientation of the wheel tells the angle. Finish, end of story, the rest is just improvements of the initial idea.

[@3heiniken]

generally the right idea, but its not just one IR receptor. can be up to 4. lack of detection in one quadrant(s) steers the missile away from that quadrant. if all 4 have detection, then missile is centered.

[@michajastrzebski4383]

You want BFM capability even if its "obsolete", because even if its obsolete, it does not mean it is impossible to happen.

[@tulsatrash]

Thank you for making this video. In the future please have the terms and pointers display longer when you have diagrams on screen. The text identifying the different sections of the missile in the diagram at 0:59 are only fully visible for about a second. Just trying to rewind and stop the video at the exact moment so I could read the chart was a chore. I had no hope of reading it in the time it was displayed. Also please don't use blue arrows for diagrams where the background is made of blue sky and white clouds. It tends to make the arrows hard to follow since they do not contrast with the blue parts of the background.

[@_Lobster_]

Helping my research 5 years later, thank you!

[@adamrobson80]

Why dont they make a cruse missile type air to air missile that could fly about till it hit something or has it been tryed b4 and faild

[@almerindaromeira8352]

I like your point of view on why the air forces pursue contradicting technologies. It just shows they are not telling the whole story

[@louiswilkins9624]

Very interested in IR history

[@mattadams7922]

I don't care what anyone says asraam was on purpose😂. I mean what's a heet seeker gonna aim for go on and catch that asraam

[@zhuzzir]

Subscribing.... Done! Well explained n narrated... And yeah u r right, the "tactic" part of deploying n evading the missiles were way underated thus not discussed amongst us, the general public with interest! Kudos for the content! 🌹❤️

[@christopherleubner6633]

The sensor is actually a quadrature themal sensor that is cooled by a little argon bottle though newer ones are mounted on a thermoelectric stack. An american electronic surplus store called American Science and Surplus ended up with several of the older generation seeker heads for these missiles.

[@NATObait]

Is their any difference between the AIM9X seeker head and the ASRAAM as both are made by Raytheon? Thanks for an informative and well narrated production !

[@NATObait]

@Drew Peacock no the original ASRAAM missile used a seeker head bought from US , it was then chosen for the AIM 9X afterwards . MBDA are now upgrading the seeker for a new type in the block 6 version , that will become available in 2022 . That will mean no US parts needed , better for exports too.

[@youmanity1]

Very interesting and informative video. I want to ask what type of IR seekers capable of not locking onto flares and sun. How they work? If they exist.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Focal plane arrays simply can recognize the sun and the flares because they work on a picture of the target. Like every technology, recognition is not 100% accurate so they can still be fooled in some cases. Other older types of sensors were intrinsically more resistant but it is too long for a comment. Some day I will do a video about the history of IR sensors and I will cover this.

[@youmanity1]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech So dual band seaker is something same?

[@forfun5238]

@@youmanity1 no, dual band or two color seekers use IR+UV to differentiate between a flare and target. A single color seeker gets easily fooled by countermeasures, that's why you need UV...... infrared imaging seeker (IIR) or focal plane arrays capture targets image just like your smart phone cameras. The only difference you see is that, the image is of thermal imaging of the target...... similar to an infrared camera

[@maurole740]

Please make the video! This channel is awesome!

[@jamesmorton7881]

Not much "real" hardware information provided. Worst case tracking error is the T shot crossing. Missile airframe is not rotating. This will be covered in my next video. (the target would appear to be rotating at the sensor) two thumbs down

[@zhuzzir]

Just a minor suggestion, if u could put SUBTITLE it will be great especially for non native english speaker who having trouble understanding spoken english, let alone one with accent. Thank you for the contents.

[@Mungobohne1]

Damn the Fritz Lang reference is out there !

[@goldcoasttime]

Hi, can you film a video of the guided micro munition used by the Turkish TB-2 Drone scene it in the news now? thank you

[@jamegumb7298]

3:04 I removed the IR filter from photographic sensors. It was a Nikon iirc. The pics were very very interesting and it was not too hard.

[@multiengineering8982]

is propulsion is solid fuel😄

[@helgehove2452]

I am particularly intrrrdted in the shafir/ pyton plus Derby missile. You have coveret American, britisk, Russland and altso Italian. But not the Israeli missile.

[@c14n_]

The quality of your research is outstanding and truly unmatched, which you package with a superb production quality. It baffles me as to why you aren't more popular.

[@symbolic69]

So are modern fighter jets beyond dogfighting now and missles and canons are just redundancie worked into the envelope or is that all BS?

[@AlanTuringWannabe]

So they have basically become robots. They take in input and output to their steering system.

[@symbolic69]

Oh yeah, this channel is mega awesome!

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Wow, thanks!

[@slowpoke96Z28]

Omg the voice.

[@mikespike3962]

I would like to see an analysis of the June 18, 2017 air skirmish between the US Navy and Syrian air force. The Sidewinder was countered but the AMRAAM hit. It would make a cool video I think.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Do you have any reference? I can't guarantee I will make a specific video soon, but I agree it is interesting to understand what happened

[@bharatsharma3233]

I have had discussions with a few people people on this (the Ja'din shootdown); some of them technical, and from the military, over discord and other forums. And while many news articles reported that the new generation AIM-9X was spoofed by old "dirty" Russian countermeasures which radiated in different bands, many folks expressed the opinion that the 9X simply malfunctioned. Sadly, we can't be sure of what really happened because there can be biases in reporting and even the opinions of technical people... even propaganda. And the actual information would be classified for civilians or anyone who does not need to know.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

That is the problems for events that are less than 20/30 years old; it is difficult to have access to the details that may tell you what happened. I need to use a good amount of inference to understand how the most modern systems work. As a very very broad rule of thumb, though, you can tell that: old technology is not as obsolete as it seems, new technology is not as effective as advertised, the people in the loop are usually the more important factor. As a rule of thumb, though,

[@csabascs5913]

Millennium 7 * HistoryTech Yeah, just think about the serbian-hungarian guy who downed an F117 and an F16 using a towed decoy, and probably damaged a B2 as well with a vintage 60’s era S-125 Neva SAM system. Or the iraqi MIG-25 pilot who downed an F-18 in a dogfight, and would most likely have downed a second one too if he wasn’t ordered to return to base by his military controller.

[@kennethng8346]

I would like to see a video talking about IR seeking versus IR jamming techniques

[@viewer92759]

Alot of talking but no detail. Shite.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

I am sorry. Most people find my videos too detailed but I suppose there are also viewers on the other side of the spectrum.

[@ritwikg2818]

Great explanation sir . If u please make videos on surface to air missile

[@Barlaas.Aziymey]

very informative video. So if these planes can only see through and infrared lens, than how can they differentiate between friend and foe or friendly planes in the vicinity? would appreciate your response.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Optical Target Recognition. In the same way a radar return contains information that can be used to ID a target, this is also true for the optical signature. How effective it is, I can't say.

[@dexlab7539]

Excellent video -learned a lot thank you!!😊

[@MikeHunt-rw4gf]

Algorithm.

[@Shef-fh2pw]

🧐🧐🧐😇

[@KyleMontanaro]

Ciao, mi piaccono tanto i suoi videos, grazie per avergli fatti. Perche le sisteme di controllo e di navigazione sono due moduli separati?

[@arielcairoli2473]

I would like to see the begun of the IR missile. Nice video.

[@francico73]

if they are for infrared with anti-deception measures to the short infrared mark, medium high with ultraviolet light so as not to mislead or deceive you, but to the ultraviolet light it is not going well orange light, violet of vengalas or flaches

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

Sorry, not sure what you mean

[@williamchamberlain2263]

1:25 6:30

[@432THz]

You are wrong. Sidewinder IR Sensors do NOT detect the heated skin of the plane (target). The sensor system is tuned (optical and electronic filtering) to the heat signature of the hot gas exhaust plume of the target --- specifically, the CO and H2O spectral bands at 2.7um. As a matter of fact, the missiles sometimes went straight into the planes tailpipe before detonating.

[@DJones476]

@432THz: Actually, it is you who is incorrect. Missiles with the more sensitive seekers, such as the AIM-9L/M can indeed detect aircraft skin friction. Missiles with imaging infra-red, such as the AIM-9X and AIM-132 ASRAAM can _easily_ detect the skin friction of an enemy aircraft. Do your homework next time.

[@JohnGaltAustria]

Wasn't an Aim-9X fooled by the flares of an Su-22 in 2017? I don't get it why IR-seekers are still being used for short-range. Put an optical seeker in it, combine it with machine-learning so that it will only recognize airplanes and boom.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

I head this story, the USAF declared that the weapon malfunctioned. I don't know what to believe exactly. The optical seeker would be in troubles at night or with clouds...

[@JohnGaltAustria]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech USAF said that the weapon malfunctioned? The Hornet is part of the Navy. Check this out, basically it says that AIM-9s were only tested against American flares, but Soviet flares posed a problem due to their nature of being manufactured in a way that each one is slightly different: web.archive.org/web/20180226202729/aviationweek.com/blog/we-didn-t-know-what-90-percent-switches-did Re seekers: True, but IR-seeker can also have problems with clouds or bad weather. I just don't get why - with today's extremely powerful computer technology - the military does rely on IR-seekers which originated in the 1950s.

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

@@JohnGaltAustriaA refuse, sorry. No, they don't, the focal plane array sensors are conceptually similar to camera sensors

[@comradetovarish7823]

7:40 Stupid question, but do you mind explaining why thermal cameras aren't used on AAMs?

[@Millennium7HistoryTech]

They are. Imaging sensors are relatives of camera sensors.

[@comradetovarish7823]

@@Millennium7HistoryTech I see, but why are missile advertised as IR exclusively? Also, thanks for you response!

[@donaldmichaellumsden2714]

Very interesting . I am learning .

[@danielramirezcruz.2209]

Super información thanks...

[@BlazingTonk]

How much is a single sidewinder?

[@DJones476]

AIM-9M: $250,000.00 USD AIM-9X: $430,000.00 USD Prices are approximate.

[@donfrandsen7778]

Cool video !!! More!!!

[@fbidawi]

great video