The Indus Civilization

[@anotherelvis]

Great talk It starts at 12:30

[@bannedone3ice138]

ThankYou sir.

[@Sleepless4Life]

The Elvis we need and deserve!

[@muna_9435]

Very interesting and informative history what a nice rich urban civilization. Amazing techniques . we appreciate Johnthan Mark Kenoyer lecture outstanding work brilliant.

[@hammadthegreat]

Pakistan and india should collaborate to find the history of indus valley civilization, the reason why indus is not taken popularly unlike egypt and mesopotamia is because not enough is done to make major discovery related to their life styles, but appreciate researchers who are dedicating their lives to solve this mystery. its a possibility that indus may predate mesopotamia and maybe much more advanced than its contemporaries

[@harleenkaur1408]

India has nothing to do with the IVC. Most Indus sites lie within Pakistan. Learn your history...silly Musla.

[@user-ny7sg9mz1v]

@@harleenkaur1408 who the f**k are you to talk for the whole country....

[@Flozone1]

We can't read the Indus script yet, but we can read Cuneiform and Hieroglyphs, so we have all these stories and histories from Egypt and Mesopotamia, but there is no Indus-equivalent to the Gilgameš epic found.

[@harleenkaur1408]

@@user-ny7sg9mz1v stfu...Indus Valley is Pak's history (specifically Punjab and Sindh). You worry about your Ganges culture. Stupid dasyu.

[@osmans1694]

@@harleenkaur1408 im in love ...carry on the good fight my heerniah.

[@nhabib114]

Thank you for this wonderfully rich presentation. There is so little in our libraries on India in Houston.

[@marysylvie2012]

And everywhere!

[@geronimorex3608]

He’s on the right track in discussing trade flows and regional interactions. It’s too bad he doesn’t know much about economies of scale. Bulk trade of many specialized traders (economies of scale) stimulated the development of cities in strategic locations in complex trading networks. He needs to show that the volume of trade was increasing around the same time that cities developed.

[@glennmungra5476]

Too bad that there is little known about the accounting, management and social traditions regarding the trade activities. (Inventorylists? Tax regulation? Gildes? Institutions? Prices?) Or perhabs all the seals were only a recognition or proclamation of gifts to the clergy?

[@ASiva28]

Very interesting academic work and this updated so my knowledge in this area Thanks

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The attempts at invasion of the IVC in 1900BC by Barbaric Steppe Horsemen activated two successive msssive migrations in the subcontinent. The Indus valley inhabitants moved out in 1900 BC and the Vedic Aryans moved into the vacated Valley in 1500BC. The valley lay unoccupied for 500years.

[@gopalann1724]

Appreciable study. But one observation I would like to make here is at 31.52 and for few more seconds, it is shown in the plasma a seal where humans are tossed up by a bull. Why the Dr. Jonathan Mark Kenoyer has missed to mention the bull taming sport of Jallikattu that is still in practice in Tamil Nadu, the south Indian state in India? Such an interesting linkage it would be I suppose. This may also prove the fact that the Indus people migrated to deep south in India which is also substantiated by the DNA testing recently done in Rakhigarhi

[@casparcoaster1936]

Same on ancient Crete, jumping over bulls is an ancient tradition. No one ever would make a seal suggesting a bull killing people. People who study this stuff don't live among the rest of humanity. Hope you send him a letter!!!!!!!

[@mum5952]

Indus civilization existed all across India including Sri Lanka. The first migration out of Africa followed the coast and populated all the way to Andaman and beyond. The second migration was blocked by ocean waters isolating Andamanese. The second migration populated the continent and Sri Lanka. Vedic culture or dharma was all over the continent. Intermingling among first and second wave adapted to different climatic conditions. Many great gurus came from the south and propagated their thoughts as well as many came from the north to propagate their thoughts and works. It was one civilization with regional sub-cultures. There were no aryans or dravidians. They were all Bharatiyars.

[@mum5952]

@Krishna Harasha present proof and create your own video. Don't spread thoughts and propaganda of the left that keeps peddling aryan invasion myths. Language is not culture by itself. People were multi-lingual and used signs for trade, ownership claim, just design sometimes. It has meaning but is not a language. That is why it is not decipherable. Your ancestors painted swastika and used various designs in rangoli. These were shakti symbols to ward off evil. All Indians are the same culture with integration of various sub cultures including tribal causing some diversity. Lunar calendar and panchang are all around India. So knowledge was created and shared across, trade was done globally. Veda mentions all the rivers but praises Saraswati. Indus was a later settlement when Saraswati dried up and even monsoons failed, people went northwards and southwards.

[@mum5952]

@Krishna Harasha you have got avesta the other way around. It is much later than the vedas and was due to migration westward from Indus of vedic people. Stop believing the bullshit aryan theory and read people who are genuinely researching history. All Indians are genetically similar carrying the same markers. So they cannot be a different race.

[@mum5952]

@Krishna Harasha one cannot argue with someone who is idealogical in their reading. Sanskrit was written in brahmi. Devanagri was a later improvement. Panini refined the grammar and codified it. This version was different from the early sanskrit. Sanskrit was also written in prakrit. Language and script are different things. Tamil was also written in brahmi. Language has a spoken version and a theoretical purer version. Look at thai script, cambodian script. It is also similar to prakrit and words are also derived from sanskrit downgraded to prakrit. It also looks like tamil script. You can say influence from chola and other expeditions into SEA. Thai say they derive words from Prakrit. Language spreads as well as scripts spread. You cannot judge history and race on that basis. The whole indo-european theory and aryan theory is built on the premise of linguistics. Zero evidence, just made up to present themselves as superior race to justify colonization. Morse code is also a script. But essentially encoded english.

[@abbaskhaskheli9303]

Congratulations

[@guileniam]

Hes probably wrong about the moustache: it is very likely that the sculpture is unfinished leaving the moustache undone shown by the improperly smoothed cheeks, OR that the upper lip leaves no space for a moustache depiction being an artistic choice, especially with the way the beard is fashioned. Its pretty likely the Priest King did very much have a beard, as well as a bun or a headdress attached as a separate piece.

[@NoName-fc3xe]

@@eugenemartone7023 good point but now all I want to see are statues of modern day political leaders with mohawks! Lol

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The absence of Steppe DNA (R1b) in ASI will confirm the migration of the ASI in 1900BC. The Steppe horse mounted invasion passing through the vacated IVC was male dominated so only R1b dna.

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The ASI refers to the inhabitants of IVC before 1900BC

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The absence of ASI dna in the European - Central Asian inhabitants in the IVC post 1900BC confirms the massive IVC migration in 1900BC to other parts of India. Both groups, one of European Central Asian origin,the other of ASI native Indian-origin, were distinctly different. They were both seperated by time 500years.

[@geronimorex3608]

What came first? It’s not a chicken/egg problem. The wall came to protect the city. The city came first.

[@geronimorex3608]

Sharing ideology/religion is an unlikely necessary condition for the development of cities. Many civilizations had shared ideologies/religion without developing cities e.g. pre Viking Age Ireland.

[@Holy_hand-grenade]

Wow... skip all the way to 12:10 to avoid the self-aggrandizing fool who seems to think people came to the lecture to hear him babble for 12 minutes.

[@MauryaSenapati]

thank you. what a tool !

[@rachanaveeresh4466]

Thanks!

[@beingarita]

How many times was Pakistan mentioned compared to the Indus Valley civilization in the first 12 mins? Embarrassed the Professor, he did..

[@marysylvie2012]

People could go out of the city or come into the city by paying taxes. How did they pay taxes if there were no coins?

[@geronimorex3608]

Sedentary agriculture started in the Indus Valley around 6500 bce. Cities developed about 4000 years later. This gap in time is too long to conclude that agriculture caused cities to develop. In other words, agriculture is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the development of cities.

[@vedantma]

Ends at @1:47:51

[@geronimorex3608]

Textiles leading to cities is a nutty idea. Australian aborigines made textiles but never founded cities.

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The Indus Valley Civilization reached its peak from 2600 BC - 1900 BC. The flourishing and wealthy IVC naturally attracted international attention. The IVC with so many Cities over such a large area was never subject to any attack till date. So, a standing Army was non existent. But 1900BC the IVC came under severe threat of an imminent invasion led by barbaric Horsemen from the Russian Steppes. They had gathered in Kandahar and would attack the IVC through the Bolan Pass in the Hindukush mountains. All the IVC inhabitants systematically evacuated and abandoned their Cities. They migrated in a scattered manner with their families belongings and wealth. They settled in other friendly and familiar parts of India peacefully. They are present in 85 percent of current population The invaders were dissapointed and returned home unsuccessful in their quest. The IVC had gone for good and so the abandoned Cities lay isolated and devoid of human Inhabitation until 1500BC when migrants from Europe and Central Asia slowly began to settle the Valley. They brought the Vedic Culture to the area with a different language and religion etc .

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

The IVC once again demonstrated ther superior military strategy and human values. If they had stayed put they would surely have been annihilated. That did not happen. Archeology bears testimony to that. They survived a possible massacre and are alive today.

[@Çccvvvuuuurrr8]

Long live the IVC

[@xeonquantum3966]

Oldest brahmi were Tamil brahmi not prakrit brahmi.. the brahmi found in srilanka is Tamil brahmi.. the excavation in south India and northeast is limited compare to north India. There is site like Adichanallur report were didn't released for past 15 years. These people need to access to such information. Tamil Brahmi were bought from phenocians alphabets not aramic.. the Tamil sailer and phenocians traders were contemporary.

[@NoName-fc3xe]

Oh man! I want to see that study! Can you link to it please?

[@geronimorex3608]

Picking a good site for a city (above a floodplain) does not explain why they developed cities. The site was always there. He confuses particular site selection with the more fundamental question of why cities developed. And why cities emerged around 2500 bce.

[@selvaraja6602]

Agriculture is a must for development of any cities. It ensure food security. City provide shelter to store the produce to protect the same from other people, animels, natural forces like rain, floods etc. In my opinion development of Trade is also a main factor in selcting a place for developing a city. Availability of fresh water, Proximity to raw materials, transport facilities etc are bacics.

[@ronhak3736]

DNA analysis of person from Indus valley civilization in Rakhigarhi showed similarity with people of South Indian.

[@covenawhite4855]

@arv er What about it is fake news???

[@gopalann1724]

@arv er No. you are wrong. The DNA of Rakhigarhi women is found in the Irula tribal community of Tamilnadu.

[@Mazharlakho]

How could Sindhi include Urdu words when Urdu is a recent language?

[@Mazharlakho]

Pakistan studies at Berkeley not representative of the Indus Valley civilization. It seemed that they are interested more in Urdu Language which is not the language of the Indus even.

[@faithlesshound5621]

@@Mazharlakho Nobody can study the language of the IVC since we have not deciphered their script yet. It's not likely that a benefactor would fund the teaching of Punjabi at Berkeley either. The CIA could probably be persuaded that Mirpuri is worth studying, but they may be doing that already with MI5.

[@geronimorex3608]

Cities caused hierarchy to develop is a nutty idea. It’s hard to find any civilization without hierarchy. Every wolf pack has a social hierarchy. No wolf pack has developed a city.

[@ranaumer9849]

👌

[@arunghanta5066]

Made me speechless at 14:12 🤯! Which is Pakistan today was India before 1947 and split to fulfill couple of guys fantasy about becoming Prime Ministers post Independence at the same time. One played religion as trump card because the other one took advantage of his lineage and wealth. Not impressed by both. Otherwise there wouldn't be the mess that we're seeing today. Whatever it is, this civilisation predates any religion and especially tall, fair skinned, blue eyed, straight/sharp nosed, chariot/horse riding Aryan Invasion bull shit. I'm happy that most people are accepting that fact. Peace! ✌🏾

[@selvaraja6602]

I believe in concept of migration. Even today people Migrate to defferent parts of the planet in search of better living condetions.

[@DeltaRoSigma]

These intensely boring academic introductions...

[@youknow6968]

Indus Valley Civilisation is a Pakistani civilisation and heritage. Other countries are accorded heritage and association with civilisations found within their borders, because history belongs to the land and runs through blood. Pakistan has the same right. It's a Pakistani civilisation with sites also in Western India. South Asia is too broad a term to be used, it is unfair and wrong.

[@pardumpardum5897]

During that time Islamic religion was not born even founder of the Islamic religion prophet Mohammad was not born and Pakistan was born on 1947 14 August Indian civilization is the oldest civilization in the world and the Hindus is the oldest religion in the world and Indus means Hindus Indus means India

[@AABraun]

Islam came with Adam (peace be upon him) and he's the first man on Earth

[@bannedone3ice138]

@@AABraun exactly.

[@bannedone3ice138]

Present or past Pakistan is totally different from India. So, it was destined to become a separate identity. Gladly !!!