The Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification System

[@ShayminLover492]

Here's some info about how to class an area's climate. There are two isotherms used to separate temperate climates (Group C) from continental and subarctic climates (Group D): 0°C and -3°C. 0°C is the freezing point of water, and indicates the maximum temperature at which frost can influence the climate. -3°C corresponds with the equatorward limit at which frost and snow cover would last for a month or more. I prefer to use the -3°C isotherm, but you can always say what isotherm you prefer to use. To calculate dry climates (Group B), what you do is that you multiply the average annual temperature in Celsius by 20, and then add... 280 if more than 70% of the annual rainfall occurs in the summer months (April to September in the Northern Hemisphere, October to March in the Southern Hemisphere), 140 if 30-70% of the annual rainfall occurs in the summer months, or 0 if less than 30% of the annual rainfall occurs in the summer months. If the total annual rainfall is within 50-100% that of the threshold (the product from the calculation above), it is classed as a semi-arid climate (BSh and BSk) If the total annual rainfall is less than 50% that of the threshold, it is classed as a desert climate (BWh and BWk) If the total annual rainfall is over 100% that of the threshold, it's not classed under Group B. The third letter indicates the temperature. The letter used is based on wether or not the average annual temperature is above or below 18°C. H is used if the average annual temperature stands at or above 18°C, while K is used if the average annual temperature stands below 18°C For tropical climates (Group A), their classification is based on the amount of rainfall in certain times of the year. If every month has at least 60 mm of rainfall it is classed as a tropical rainforest climate (Af) If the driest month (usually that of the winter solstice in that hemisphere) has less than 60 mm of rainfall, but accounts for over 4% of the total annual rainfall, it is classed as a tropical monsoon climate (Am) If the driest month has less than 60 mm of rainfall and accounts for less than 4% of total annual rainfall, it is classed as a tropical savannah climate (Aw) For groups C and D, the second letter indicates whether or not there's a dry period somewhere in the year. F means there's no dry season, meaning that there's little difference in rainfall. W indicates a monsoon-influenced climate, where the dry season is in the winter. In order to be classified as such, there has to be 10x as much rainfall in the wettest month of summer as that of the driest month of winter. S indicates a Mediterranean-influenced climate where the dry season is in the summer. In order to be classified as such, there has to be 3x as much rainfall in the wettest month of winter as that of the driest month of summer, and the driest month of summer has to have less than 30 mm of precipitation. The third letter indicates the temperature A indicates that the warmest month has an average temperature of 22°C or higher. A and B indicate that at least 4 months of the year have an average temperature of above 10°C C indicates that 1-3 months have an average temperature of above 10°C D is only used for Group D, and it indicates that the coldest month has an average temperature of -38°C or lower, while at least one month has an average temperature of above 10°C. These types of extreme subarctic climates (Dfd, Dwd, and Dsd) are only found in Eastern Siberia. Climates in Group E indicate that all 12 months of the year have average temperatures of below 10°C. In Group E, rainfall is irrelevant. ET (tundra) indicates that at least one month has an average temperature of above 0°C EF (ice cap) indicates an eternal winter, where all 12 months of the year have average temperatures of below 0°C I hope this information is useful to you

[@ShayminLover492]

@@Geodiode These rules are on the Wikipedia article about the Köppen system. Rainfall in Group E is irrelevant because it's often too cold to matter anyway. Calgary actually has a monsoon-influenced climate (Dwb), which closely borders a semi-arid climate (BSk). There's only a few places in the world whose climate is classed as Csc (a cold-summer Mediterranean climate), and one of these areas is Balmaceda in Chile.

[@Alice-gr1kb]

This is extremely helpful! Thank you so much!

[@user-jr7ww2gf1h]

Thank you for this

[@Shaheen_Hassan]

I want to ask you some questions and I wish that you answer me as soon as possible. 1. How to use the rule for distinguishing arid and semi-arid climate if the average annual temperature is negative because negative number multiply 20 will give negative number and it's impossible for rain to be negative millimetres? 2. The formula for distinguishing Tropical monsoon and Tropical Savanna climate seems confusing, can you explain it to me? 3. Some places are classified as Tropical Savanna Climate Aw though their rainfall is in the threshold of semi-arid, how is that possible?

[@Alice-gr1kb]

Essentially if you have temperatures below freezing all year long, or most of the year the climate is a tundra or icecap most likely.

[@kevinbwtauer4190]

Geography isn't even my area, but I am very much into it, climates fascinate me and make me have an idea of how complex the world is, your video is a gem, thanks

[@jbrian777]

As a climatology/meteorology nerd, I’m very very VERY appreciated the existence of your KZbin channel !!!!!!! Glad I find out by searching related keyword on google today. Thank you so much for taking time to make an effort to create a neat video. Hoping to see more of contents regularly.

[@jbrian777]

GeoDiode There are many but I think searching “31 climate classification” on google was initial. I’ve shared your series on weather forum community that I’m active online and seems like members are amazed by all of your videos. Wish more people recognize masterpieces of this channel :)

[@vilhelmiinav1857]

I'm trying to get into university to study geography and your high quality videos help me tremendously with preparing for the entrance exams, thanks!

[@st3llarmemer111]

All those climate data websites listing Toronto as Dfb *need* to update it to Dfa. While in the past Toronto had warm sub 22c median summers , it most definitely has a hot summer now. Toronto’s climate is also much more similar to Chicago or Sapporo (which also needs to be reclassified to Dfa) than Moscow or Calgary. That’s one of the things I like about this channel. You use up-to-date data and classifications that most people would agree on.

[@TheRealGovika]

I LOVE learning this sort of thing. I started glancing through Koppen climate a couple years ago but now it's hitting me again. I love these weather and biome classifications, I think they bring in lots of useful insight into further creative works.

[@Geodiode]

Glad to hear you found the channel!

[@hiqwerty7747]

One thing that I found out that’s weird about geography, is that the hot summer Humid Continental can have a hotter summer than the hot summer Mediterranean.

[@Geodiode]

Yes, it's possible due to "Continentality" (being further from the ocean and having greater temperature range).

[@InciniumVGC]

That's why if you like mild climates, west coast is the best coast.

[@maheshseetaram8262]

@@InciniumVGC but didn’t the west coast have a 116 degree heat wave a while back

[@thomastyler8379]

@@maheshseetaram8262 Depends on what you mean by the coast. The temperature changes drastically with distance from the coast. During that heat wave I was in Lincoln city, Oregon and it was around 80 degrees, but in Portland, Oregon it was 116. These two cities are only 88 miles apart, but there is also a small coastal mountain range in-between them.

[@eusoueu5504]

eh depends on the place of the hot summer mediterranean, doubt those hot summer Humid Continental places are hotter in summer than places in the Guadiana or Guadalquivir valleys in Iberia (like Alcoutim or Sevilla)

[@Cylindropuntia]

This Chanel should have way more subscribers.

[@Geodiode]

Thanks! And thanks for the sub!

[@ajaydhaka4297]

Yes indeed.. great quality content.. will help you by sharing it.

[@orngpeelr9017]

such an incredibly well-produced video! this was super interesting and helpful too

[@bungumsays]

High Quality Content, deserves much more views!

[@BMFAWAD]

This is SUCH a great video!! How does this not have more views?!? Thank you for this!

[@seamoredick6940]

Very interesting video. A lovely way to remind me of everything you taught us in the first series. Truly cannot wait for the Climate Casebook. I must say, having watched all your videos, I think that the Cwb Sub-tropical Highland would be the most suitable place for me to live. Never too hot, never too cold and never too dry. I've always wanted to visit Lesotho and the Drakensburg for that very reason.

[@topg2820]

Was looking for a video like this, extensive and well made, thanks !

[@Geodiode]

Glad it was helpful! Thanks!

[@pearlescent1557]

those graphs are niceee

[@orvenpamonag1542]

Philippines has 4 climate types; Aw, af, am and Cwb(high altitude areas)

[@ZRHTrainspotter]

Cfa, Cwa and Cfb too

[@PremierCCGuyMMXVI]

This was interesting, I’m really into Earth sciences such as climate science, meteorology, geology, ecology, etc. so this was cool thank you. I live in New Jersey so we are on the edge of a Humid Subtropical Climate (Cfa) 5:47 and a Humid Continental Climate with Hot Summers (Dfa) 8:46

[@Geodiode]

Thanks, glad you found it useful!

[@seungmocha9032]

Great info! Thanks for helping get past my SAT exam!

[@gauravprakash3591]

Awesome content thanks for making things so easy 🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@richardtorres2676]

Hello Ben! Happy to see the start of a new series. So excited to see what's coming!!! Great as usual!!! ✔💯

[@69Zuzzie]

Thank you! I was actually thinking about this, trying to figure out what those letters stood for. A thing I haven’t learned. But watching it all in order gave me this shortcut. Awesome!!

[@shootermcgavin4999]

You are a climate nerd. You rock. Thanks for this information video.

[@oknotok10]

Thanks a lot, i am preparing for my exam and you've helped me a lot in understanding this...was looking for a good explanation and finally found this.

[@imadsyed9537]

Wao! Thanks very much.

[@aquasome]

Fantastic video, found it very informative and interesting!

[@ahmxd.fauzii]

This is so interesting to learn, Thank you!

[@Geodiode]

Glad you enjoyed it!

[@PeterSwinkels]

Csb doesn't always lie above Csa. It always lies further away from the equator/closer to the poles.

[@AaronGeo]

Petition for YT to stop shoehorning this climate change context tab in every video talking about climate

[@thephoenix3155]

My favourite climate to live in would be Csb which is Seattle and Vancouver.

[@thephoenix3155]

GeoDiode they have prettier scenery than the UK. But have great summers. I also think New Zealand has a very pleasant climate also better than the UK’s because the north you can fun swimming, paddling and in the south you can fun in the mountains and snow! The west coast of Patagonia has a pleasant climate too and impeccable scenery too!

[@elvyn8709]

Csb = Oceanic form Mediterranean Climate (not too hot and slightly humid than Csa but not too humid as Cfb).

[@kailenmcauley8216]

Excellent video which made understanding the climate zones much easier

[@ManagementGuru007]

@GEODIODE this video is very helpful! Love from India...(BSh)-HOT Semi-arid.....

[@thorin5591]

From the Dfc subarctic climate here in Yukon

[@kakahtukat]

from Bwh and Bsh in Palm Springs

[@Drunken_Hamster]

Can you do a video on the Trewartha system and how it compares to the Koppen-Geiger system? I find that I prefer the Trewartha deonation of temperature with two suffixes to be a better "easy look" at what temperature range a human might experience living in those regions than the Koppen's simple A, B, C, and D system. That aside, I generally also like Am, BS, and C-type climates. Once you get into D type, they seem to get too cold in the winter for me no matter what Koppen suffix is on the end of them. In the Trewartha system, I prefer a through l temperatures but can extend one grade in either direction to h and k, respectively.

[@matthighley1461]

Superb quality. Subscribed. I actually enjoyed a geography video for once.

[@Moneytane1976]

Excellent, the Koppen system works well for most places, but I feel northern New Zealand is robbed. Auckland is given a Cbf climate like Norway and England, yet its average annual temperature is 16c and winter averages are 11 - 12c, it has never had snow (The 2 alleged times in 1939 and 2011 were hail), but because its summer average is only 20 - 21c it is penalised. Compare this to Seattle, frequent snow and average temperature of only 8c and winter average of barely 0 gets subtropical. Melbourne Australia is also penalised unfairly. Between Bergen, Aberdeen and Oslo and Auckland and Melbourne saying they have the same climate, what do you think.

[@M_Julian_TSP]

being in the same climate doesn't mean being as cold as another place. Auckland is not subtropical because it's summer are not even close to be hot enough. January mean temperature is 19°C, Cxa climates (Cfa, Csa and Cwa, aka subtropical climates) have a warmest month average temperature above 22°C.Seattle has not a subtropical climate, it has a warm mediteranean climate (Csb). Satander or Gijón in Spain have a oceanic Cfb and are approximately as hot as Auckland. Anyway oceanic Cfb climate is not about not being too cold or too hot, it is about a temperate warm climate where the precipitations are properly distributed along the year, and yeah Auckland, Oslo and Gijón fit in that category.

[@shiladityachowdhury5524]

The A category weather is really unsuitable for people suffering from excessive sweating(hyperhidrosis)..... I hv that condition...and i hate every minute of the weather here...

[@M_Julian_TSP]

@@Geodiode What’s your favorite climate to live in?

[@M_Julian_TSP]

@@Geodiode Nice technique to force me watch your other videos ;). So apparently the Mediterranean climate is your favourite one. Funny because where I live, around Valence, southeastern France, the climate is technically Cfa very locally (the climate zone is something like 90km from north to south, 30km east to west). This is not a proper climate zone but a transitional Mediterranean climate to Cfb. I find this fact pretty amazing

[@M_Julian_TSP]

@@Geodiode In reality Lyon is only Cfa if you take a less than 30 years old mean, and it is just because Lyon is a huge city, but its surroundings are clearly Cfb with more thermal amplitude and more sun than a stereotypical European Cfb like in Paris. This transitionnal Cfa climate along the Rhone Valley begins around the cities of Tournon or Romans, in the north of the «Plaine de Valence» (around 100km south of Lyon) , and a real Csa climate begins around Donzère (70km further south). This transitionnal mediteranean climate with more raifall in summer but still hot summers can also be found between Toulouse and Carcassonne. This Csa-Cfb bording zone is clearly worth studying and is constantly moving because of global warming. I study ecology and climatology is crucial, and i find it very interesting.

[@Moneytane1976]

Auckland, New Zealand should be CFA not CFB which is cold. If Seattle avg temp - 10c) is Cfa, then Akl (avg temp 16.5c) should be CFA too. Auckland is marked down because average summer temps are under 22c, actually about 19 -21 in the area. Our winter average is 11c, som,e Cfb locatins don't even have that for summer.

[@aman-qj5sx]

Auckland has no month above 22C and is thus CfB. Plus, ALL CfB areas have at-least 3 months above 10C

[@thephoenix3155]

Technically Auckland is Cfa bordering Cfb, and Seattle is Csb bordering Cfb.

[@captainwilliam3920]

I agree with you. An average annual temperature of 16.5*C feels quite different from the 11*C or 12*C average annual temperature of Seattle, and I like thinking of a different type of classification in which average annual temperature is used to create 6 different zones: Hypertropical (>28*C), pretty much really hot all the time | Tropical or Torrid Subtropical (depending on if winter temperature is above or below 18*C) (22-28*C), hot most of the time but could also drop down to just warm or even somewhat cool temperatures in winter | Subtropical (which Auckland is in the lower range of) (16-22*C), generally somewhat warm but typically gets hot or very hot during summer and mild-cool during winter | Temperate (which Seattle is within) (10-16*C), generally somewhat cool but typically gets warm or hot during summer and cool or cold during winter | Semiboreal or Subtemperate (Depending on if winter temperature is above or below -3*C) (4-10*C), cold most of the time but typically gets mild or even warm during summer and inversely could be very cold or severely cold in winter | Boreal or Polar (depending on if summer temperature is above or below 10*C) (

[@F22donny]

Amazing video keep creating these.

[@airiusagihara1261]

Thx for the great content, I'm studying geography at high school now and this vid is really helpful 😊😊😊

[@Tastan9]

Nice!

[@niranjanborah6763]

Nicely made.. Very helpful indeed, have looked around many videos but this is only meet my standards.. Thanks

[@nimtuz9125]

Nice video! My area is a special case in terms of climate I live in a small town around 200m above the tree line in the swiss alps (2600m) I have trouble to understand if my climate is Dfc or ET, can someone help me please?

[@Geodiode]

Thanks! 2600m is HIGH! No wonder you're above the treeline. If you're in an environment of open meadows, with only the snow above you, then that's Alpine Tundra.

[@M_Julian_TSP]

Yeah 2600m in the Swiss Alps is definitely ET. For instance I've studied alpine climate in the region of Grenoble - Briançon. and the Col du Galibier (2642m( is definitely understand this alpin / polar toundra climate, while being further south and way more Mediterraneanish than the Swiss Alps

[@wWRXXjAVkbP]

Thanks,It's an amazing video

[@Geodiode]

Glad you liked it!

[@7guitarlover]

Nice Video ! a life saver for my exams ! =) thanks

[@raymondjblaze7761]

Interesting video will have watch again

[@raymondjblaze7761]

@@Geodiode you're welcome learning is fun

[@sjsoslalaaas2096]

what is the best climate? nice video :)

[@heidiklotz7959]

Is this a mistake? The video states that Cwa has a "hot dry 'summer'" yet the highest precipitation is in June, July, August. Very helpful video. Thank you.

[@namitajimmy6737]

Summer are hot dry there usually before the monsoon

[@Guktodaechaeuhwedoro]

Cwa varies at any region. In the case of regions bordering on continental climates, such as the south coastline of South Korea, the summer heat reaches the highest after the rainy season. New Delhi's 3-season climate case is the unique one.

[@M_Julian_TSP]

Cwa has a hot summer but a dry winter, that's what the W stands for

[@andyouknow6955]

yes i think it is, it's supposed to have hot humid summer and dry winter because hot dry summer is csb, cwb has dry winter

[@thephoenix3155]

Subpolar oceanic is the most beautiful

[@wee3385]

I am in the csa but in 9 feb 1924 istanbul feels like -25°C Real temp -17°C

[@reymysterio-gw8if]

@@wee3385 I am in the İstanbul

[@elvyn8709]

World Leaders Residence Climates: 3:36 - Palm Beach (Af), Trump resided place (Mar-a-Lago), 4:14 - Brasilía (Aw), Bolsonaro resided place, 5:12 - Damascus (BWk), Bashar resided place, 5:47 - New York City (Cfa), Trump former resided place (Trump Tower, Brooklyn, NY), 8:45 - Moscow (Dfb), Putin resided place, 9:19 - Beijing (Dwa), Xi Jinping resided place, 9:19 - Pyongyang (Dwa), Kim Jong Un resided place, 6:20 - Islamabad (Cwa), Imran Khan resided place, 4:59 - New Delhi (BSh), Narendra Modi resided place, 5:32 - Tehran (BSk), Ali Khamenei resided place 6:37 - Ramallah, West Bank (Csa), Mahmoud Abbas resided place, 3:57 - Yangon (Am), Aung San Suu Kyi resided place, 7:00 - Cape Town (Csb), Cyril Ramaphosa resided place, 4:41 - Baghdad (BWh), Saddam Hussein resided place. My review: Putin, Xi Jinping and Kim Jong Un are close each other because both lived at the Continental climate zones (just different precipitation season f/s/w and heat type summer a/b/c). While Trump (born in Cfa area but moved to Af area) and Bolsonaro (born in Glicério, Aw area) behave alike during the reign because both current reside place is Tropical climate. Also, relationship between China and Pakistan closer than India is because Xi Jinping (continental) and Imran Khan (subtropical) both resided in Hot Summer Dry Winter area (C/D)wa (just different climate type).

[@Geodiode]

Interesting connection! I am sure there are other factors, but there's no question that climate shapes to a large degree a culture.

[@thephoenix3155]

About the UK’s climate is that England is just purely Cfb and Scotland has 4 which are Cfb, Cfc, Dfc and ET.

[@thephoenix3155]

GeoDiode I know Ben Nevis and parts of the Cairngorms are classified as ET and other parts of the Cairngorms and Highlands feature Cfc and Dfc. Aviemore and Braemar feauture Cfc/Dfc climate types rare for UK towns. All the main cities in Scotland are just Cfb.

[@barkofink]

Between Cfa and Csa is probably the best climate ever to live.

[@Anuytxzz]

Tysm I needed this for my examination

[@levansaginashviliskidney8726]

I was born in cwa, I'm living in cfb and I want to live in cfc or csb in the future

[@Geodiode]

Good luck in finding a spot of cfc :)

[@levansaginashviliskidney8726]

@@Geodiode Faroe Islands or Iceland maybe? I don't think I'll live there but I'll at least try to visit them

[@decrox13]

I just wanted to point out: your classification of the "subtropical highland" zone as only falling within the tropics isn't accurate. Koppen climate descriptions and maps identify subtropical highland climates in "some mountainous areas across southern Europe, mountainous sections of North America, including parts of the southern Appalachians, and the Northern and Central Tablelands in New South Wales, Australia"

[@user-gx2mg9yf6r]

I was thinking the same thing. I believe those regions (excluding southern Europe) are really transition zones between temperate and subtropical mountain systems since they are in the subtropics between 23.5° and 35°. The subtropical highlands of the Himalayas, south China, and south Africa are mostly located in subtropical latitudes. But in those regions, the winters are still warm enough to have that spring like weather year round, while other mountain systems in the subtropics e.g. the north-central tablelands, southern Appalachian mountains, highland areas in southern Brazil, and parts of the southern Andes, have cool to mild winters resembling oceanic, subtropical, or Mediterranean climates. Subtropical highland is one of three variants of oceanic climate. Subtropical highland is eternal spring, subpolar oceanic is eternal autumn, and temperate oceanic in between. As you move out of the tropics and into the mountain zones of the subtropics, the climate becomes very similar to the temperate oceanic climate which is why you see these regions marked as oceanic in the Koppen system. But they’re also the northern and southern extremities of subtropical highland. Winters in these areas are mild compared to temperate mountain zones beyond the 35° latitudes which see cold winters resembling continental and subarctic climates. So I believe they’re a transition between temperate and subtropical highland.

[@user-gx2mg9yf6r]

Another example would be the highland areas of southern Arizona and New Mexico, and parts of northern Mexico. This region is classed as Mediterranean even though it’s not by a coastline and is not true Mediterranean but rather a transition between temperate and subtropical mountain system since tree species from both the temperate coniferous forest of the Rockies and the subtropical coniferous forest of the Mexican highlands are present in this region. There are localized areas in northern South America and East Africa that are marked as Mediterranean or temperate oceanic on Koppen climate maps but really, they are subtropical highland climate with cooler temperatures at high altitude, or with a dry season in the summer months. Southern Europe is exclusively temperate mountain system because that is true Mediterranean and temperate oceanic, and the continent is entirely north of 35°. In upland areas of the Mediterranean basin, including the Atlas Mountains of North Africa, you have temperate coniferous forest like you find in the Alps and Carpathians, or in the west coast of North America and the Rocky Mountains. Not a tropical/subtropical coniferous forest like you find in parts of the Himalayas or the highlands of Central America, Mexico, and the US southwest.

[@st3llarmemer111]

So it turns out that Titan has methane rain, and as such we can make climate zones for it! (That of course wouldn't have any real use until we colonize it, but it's fun)

[@st3llarmemer111]

@@Geodiode still less depressing than every other celestial in the solar system besides earth :P (until we terraform Mars and other planets) Not to say it wouldn't be depressing for most. With sunlight at noon only being as bright as indoor lighting, and more importantly the temperature, most people wouldn't wanna be there for more than a vacation. P.S. my favorite climate is Dsb. The summer sun and snow filled winters of places like Whistler, BC are ideal conditions for each season IMO

[@st3llarmemer111]

@@Geodiode yeah a vacation to Titan is for people who are crazy in an adventurous way (like myself). I haven't lived near Whistler (I lived in northern Manitoba and now Toronto) but I have visited places near there and I want to visit Whistler to ski there someday P.S. that's an optimistic prediction for when we colonize Titan. If it is that soon (which may be within my lifetime) then that would be awesome. I expect maybe 100 years till we start that.

[@48-poireinganbichanu43]

Thank you so much 💜

[@L_T31]

i live in DFA climate (Orenburg oblast,Russia)

[@josepaolobonifacio3817]

Hello. Just gone through your Casebook videos. Nice, informative quality content. Keep it up! Just a question, can we relate the classification to tourism and migration? How do populations from different climate areas decide to migrate or visit other areas?

[@KeeperOfTheSevenKeys.]

You said that continental zones are grassland and I noticed while much of does line up with the steppe in central Asia and the great plains in America, most of those regions are actually naturally dense forest. What is both the cause for this difference and why is it not further subdivided to be accounted for?

[@vnika446]

Tropical rainforest and tropical monsoon the best climates for me. But i live near subarctic zone (1 h in car)

[@deependra7830]

sir please make more videos like this . Geomarphology

[@MidniteSon]

Please do a video on the Trewartha climate classification.

[@yoironfistbro8128]

GeoDiode Is it still?

[@Koellenburg]

i wonder why in your map the amazon rain forest (AF) is tinyer than on most KÖPPEN maps i found so far. great vid btw

[@nagarajuaddanki8976]

Please explain koppen's thornthwaite's and trewar tha's classification of world climate.

[@tortureh2371]

Which place has half of continental and hald of tropic?

[@mayumitanaka7764]

thank you brother

[@huongnguyen-pn2zt]

I have suggested that there is another subclass of the polar climate - the polar maritime climate, referred to Icelandic climate -- EM. Rule set: max. temperature < 10 degrees celsius AND min. temperatures > -10 degrees celsius.

[@أّلَسِنِنِأّلَمًشُهّوٌرةّ-و2و]

🇨🇱Does the Antarctic Circle pass through southern Argentina and Chile, especially since the winters there are cold and severe and there is heavy snowfall, especially in the mountains of southern Chile?

[@Geodiode]

No - you can look it up on an online map.

[@shaung9300]

This is terrific! Keep it up (:

[@shaung9300]

@@Geodiode Shared :)

[@heidiklotz7959]

Was also wondering why you called it mediterranean instead of maritime?

[@cathydiamano5194]

What is the distance of the climate zones from the equator?

[@logandearborn2491]

If the third leetter is supposed to describe how hot it is on a scale of a-c, then how come some of the climate end with h or k?

[@Geodiode]

Koppen spoke German, so some of the letters refer to cold and hot (in the case of deserts, where the primary letter refers to wetness). In the temperate latitudes, the lettering system he used was different, and again with the tropics and poles.

[@thephoenix3155]

I live in the UK which is Cfb climate zone.

[@thephoenix3155]

GeoDiode I live in Barnsley which is next to Sheffield in Yorkshire.

[@Albion89]

❤

[@tropicalbeing1713]

looking for geomorphology ..hope you upload about geomorphology

[@tropicalbeing1713]

@@Geodiode I'm waiting ☺

[@dukedex5043]

Do people in relevant fields use this or the Trewartha climate classification?

[@Geodiode]

That's a great question. And I don't know the answer. For educational purposes, Koppen is best as it's simple enough to be understood by most, even if it does have flaws.

[@tp4359]

Kolkata is said to have Tropical savannah type of climate, but I don't understand why it can't be considered as continental...In summers, temperature rises to 40°C while in winters, temperatures dip to 9°C...Isn't it enough to call this climate continental?

[@tp4359]

But once my school's geography teacher had said that when the range of seasonal temperature is greater than or equal to 10°C, the climate is continental, while when it is less than 10°C, it's maritime...so I thought Kolkata having range = 31°C ( much greater than 10°C) has continental climate...she was definitely wrong then!!

[@tp4359]

@@Geodiode ok got it

[@ZRHTrainspotter]

Kolkata average temperature is greater than 18C every month, so its in tropical

[@27.minhquangvo76]

This is why some prefer to use the term “micro thermal” when discussing D climates.

[@nevilnevs]

Just add a label saying geography videos for upsc India. And advertise in that name surely you will get a lot of subscribers.

[@roikkudev8677]

This video claims my country's maximum temperature is about 18 Celsius. Whereas on many summers we've had temperatures over 30 C, so the Celsius meter is definitely off by about 15 units.

[@Geodiode]

The graphs show *average* daily highs and lows, and so do not take account of heat waves or unusually cool weather.

[@roikkudev8677]

@@Geodiode Aah. Sounds funny that 18 would be the average maximum still, as even without heatwaves we normally have 20-26, but I suppose it's hard to set down any accurate values. When someone looks at these values, they should still add +-5 to get a more realistic measure. Thanks for clearing it up tho! Averages, alright!

[@kirby1025]

i live in a subarctic climate :D

[@kirby1025]

GeoDiode in norway :)

[@henrikwiik7639]

Hey, should not Norway have a temperate climate?

[@Geodiode]

The coast is Oceanic (temperate), but inland the higher elevations push it toward tundra, while Oslo, on the other side of such mountains, has more extreme winters, and is Continental.

[@rinichawngthu7988]

the comments section made me realize how behind I am in geography, bc even this is so difficult for me help😂

[@赵尔太-s6n]

Hi. Teacher. I want to ask Jinan city China is CWA or a DWA

[@justslidemsphm1208]

Jinan is Dwa by Koppen but that's also Cwa when the coldest month is classified based on -3°C.

[@indymugisha3397]

6:02 is cfa

[@thephoenix3155]

What climate does Queenstown, New Zealand belong to?

[@ZRHTrainspotter]

Cfb Oceanic

[@JS-jh4cy]

Send all the tourists to places like Sahara desert and the blazing sinola deserts in Mexico for vacation and sunburning so we can preserve the few regions left that can grow most food such as Mediterranean climate zones

[@shaunbudarpur2535]

❤️

[@طيوبة-ذ1ن]

شرح حلو 😂😭

[@Rohitkumar.7528]

What are meaning of T and F in ET and EF.

[@ZRHTrainspotter]

T Tundra F Frost

[@osazeimohe3454]

You said the third letter tells us how hot or cold it is with “a” being the hottest and “d” being the coldest. Then why’s there a “BWh” climate type?

[@Geodiode]

That rule applies only to C and D types. A climates do not vary in temperature (only rainfall pattern), and so only get two letters. B climates have their own odd system. Koppen spoke German, so many of the letters refer to words in German - h for heiß (hot), k for kalt (cold), W for Wüste (desert), S for Steppe (steppe).

[@osazeimohe3454]

@@Geodiode thank you

[@indymugisha3397]

8:48 is dfb

[@sskin8th]

1:49 - 3:00

[@Guktodaechaeuhwedoro]

Almost no areas having the oceanic type of Cwb...

[@Geodiode]

They are small, but highly populated (e.g. Mexico City, La Paz, Kathmandu). They're really Subtropical Highland regions, not Oceanic though. Oceanic regions at the mid-latitudes see year round rain. Check out these two videos for more depth on these comparisons: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aafdgWOhjNJgd7M kzbin.info/www/bejne/rJ2xqpWslqyDpsk

[@start3215]

For Example: *Belgorod city, BEL, Russia* (Eurasia) vs *London, ON, CAN* (N.America) _Wiki:_ *Belgorod city* (founded 1596, area 153km²), Belgorod region, Southwest Russia, population: 394.174 (agglomeration 719.500, ethnic Russians 94.4%, Ukrainians 2,8%, migrants from former republics of USSR 0.5-1%, average annual t +8.3°C, climate Dfb; average annual t°C: summer/winter July +21.8°C (+16.6 - +26.3°C), January - 5.5 °C(- 3.4 - -8.1°C); average monthly rainy days: 7.6 - 11.2 (627mm), average monthly sunshine hours 82.7. Ecoregion: East European forest steppe. The air distance from Belgorod city to Moscow (12 mln) is 577 km, unemployed 4.8%, crime index 29.61%, Gender: men 44.5%, women 55.5%. _Wiki:_ *London city* (founded 1826, area 420km²), Ontario region, Canada, population: 384.000 (agglomeration 475.000; native canadians/migrants (no reliable information, 30%?), average annual t°C +8.6°C, climate Dfb/Dfa, average annual t°C summer/winter: July: +21.7°C (+17.3 - +26.4°C), January: - 5.4 °C (- 1.6- -8.8°C); average monthly rainy days: 9.8 - 12.9 (1055mm); average monthly sunshine hours 85,2. Ecoregion: Southern Great Lakes forests. The air distance from London Ontario to Ottawa (1 mln) is 515 km, unemployed 9.6%, crime index 46.32%. Gender: men 49.6%, women 50.4%.

[@arthurrizzi7952]

Cwa guy here

[@thephoenix3155]

Why is there no Cfd climate?

[@justslidemsphm1208]

Because in category C's coldest month cannot drop down below 0°C or -3°C the last 'd' means in D climates the coldest month's temperature exceeds -38°C.

[@chuck_miguel_alabastro]

TROPICAL WET AND DRY (ISH)

[@xavierlauzac5922]

You forgot to bookmark Am - Tropical Monsoon.

[@xavierlauzac5922]

@@Geodiode I still don’t see it.

[@xavierlauzac5922]

@@Geodiode any news?

[@namitajimmy6737]

Have you seen the entire video or not

[@namitajimmy6737]

Check the description instead

[@xavierlauzac5922]

@@namitajimmy6737 yes I have. I said bookmarked, not shown in the video.

[@Footy_700]

I’m right now I between bsh and bsk

[@Shaheen_Hassan]

Write your favourite climates using symbols below my comment. My favourite ones are Af, Cfb, Cwb, Dwb and Dfb.