The Physics of Lightsabers | StarTalk

Neil deGrasse Tyson and physicist Brian Cox debate whether the fictional weapon could ever exist.
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Host Neil deGrasse Tyson brings together celebrities, scientists and comedians to explore a variety of cosmic topics and collide pop culture with science in a way that late-night television has never seen before. Weekly topics range from popular science fiction, space travel, extraterrestrial life, the Big Bang, to the future of Earth and the environment. Tyson is an astrophysicist with a gifted ability to connect with everyone, inspiring us all to to "keep looking up."
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The Physics of Lightsabers | StarTalk
• The Physics of Lightsa...
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[@jordanbryant4993]

these two guys should have a podcast together... just talk about regular everyday shit like lightsabers...and movies ..etc.etc..and break it down scientifically.. I would watch every day

[@minitureash]

Jordan Bryant SAME

[@potterpotty01]

Jordan Bryant after 5 minutes they would be talking about stuff us mere mortals have no idea about, you would try to follow it but they would lose you.

[@patrickhannon4217]

Seconded!!!

[@lifeofane-boy635]

Jordan Bryant I remember one day in the car I was listening to the radio and these two were both on talking about ghosts.

[@deucemeister]

Ah yes the regular everyday lightsaber that we all have in our closet

[@w4ck0]

"Great minds discuss ideas; average minds discuss events; small minds discuss people." - Eleanor Roosevelt

[@malymalcik]

in point

[@rylter]

I discuss peoples pets.

[@chuggon7595]

I do all of those so what does that make me?

[@Devious90210]

And even smaller minds discuss the quotes of great minds.

[@brendanburke6922]

DJBounce 79 He simply wrote the quote. No discussion needed.

[@RoryZ23]

It just feels good to the brain to listen to intelligent people talk.

[@elizabethsullivan7176]

Especially on the Internet, where stupidity seems to be the norm.

[@thundertick5666]

I think that's why people become professional nerds in the first place. And thank god for them, too. ;)

[@roshinemmanuel.sebastian3714]

Yeah after tik tok brain damage

[@mems8036]

wtf keanu reeves is a physicist?!

[@BatteredWalrus]

+Mehmet Yildirim lol it's Brian Cox

[@idcaf]

No, it's brain cocks

[@quakeroats533]

+idcaf so BBC was interviewing BC

[@quakeroats533]

+idcaf so BBC was interviewing BC

[@beaconterraoneonline]

+Mehmet Yildirim Whuuut?

[@BrettCharlesBass]

Oh my! Neil Tyson and Brian Cox in the same room.. I think i felt space time failing into itself!? 😂 awesome

[@ezekielmajor5511]

Brian Cox is a mega nerd. Love that guy. Really enjoy his lectures.

[@lollie4016]

I loooove him too

[@CelibateCetologist]

i love hearing brian cox talk

[@DeviliciousNails]

+CelibateCetologist Me too! He is enthusiastic about everything he talks about and knows how to explain it to people who don't know anything about physics. And he's got such a soothing voice, it's almost silky.

[@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017]

Me too. Neil doesn't do much for me though. He's a little too... condescending.

[@CelibateCetologist]

Myanameis Beestingz i find that, when it comes to personal faith, he's a little condescending but otherwise, i'm always interested in his opinions.

[@ichhabegenug7865]

Or maybe you're just a lot dumber than he is and are too weak to admit it to yourself.

[@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017]

Discipulus Nihil My intelligence has nothing to do with it, beyond the fact that I'm smart enough to make a cogent argument about the responsibilities of public intellectuals. I might not worry about it as much now that Trump got elected though. Given that the SJW platform just got steamrolled by his coming to power, I'd probably prefer that NDT just make sure that evolution and other basic science doesn't get put on the chopping block altogether, because that's likely to happen under the republicans.

[@EternalSilverDragon]

"...just like these things interact." They're called hands, Brian.

[@Candykay280]

It's cool to see these two brilliant guys together talking about light sabers #fangirling

[@strongforce8466]

Lightsaber is merely the name Neil, it's more like a solid plasma beam ;).

[@Mechaghostman2]

+Thomas Syxe That would have the same effect, though. The plasma clouds would still pass right through each other. If they're held in place with magnets, there wouldn't be any force that would cause them to stop when they hit each other. The magnets would just make the plasma spray everywhere. Lightsabers, as they are portrayed in Star Wars, can not exist.

[@begreat6896]

I always assumed that the light in lightsabers was contained with a Force bubble and that's what caused the resistance between two lightsabers.

[@susiesuh1418]

My two favorite physicists in the whole world in the same room talking about one of my favorite gadgets. I was in heaven for 2 minutes!!!

[@showbitz1]

The way brain Cox talks really brightens my day lol he talks like every thing is amazing

[@FalconFXICCY]

So basically to have that type of interaction between particles, it really needs to be on the level of gamma rays for the makeup of the lightsabers. That would probably imply that anyone holding a lightsaber is really holding a miniature controlled hypernova contained in a foot-long housing in the palm of their hands.

[@minitureash]

Neil Tyson and Brian Cox together!!!! I've been waiting for this forever!!!

[@rasmusnielsen3386]

0:55 after the interview...

[@crimefighter5531]

*With Neil, isn't everything an argument?* Does the guy even know what humility means. He isn't right every single time like he thinks he is. Look at Brian Cox, he is really a genius mind, and yet he is so humble and down to earth. He doesn't ridicule the next guy, values their opinions and even agress with their viewpoints from time to time. *I like Neil in the way how he explains certain things and gives examples, but sorry to say, there are other guys who are far more knowledgeable and knows how to make things easier for others to understand.*

[@WheatenKarma]

Neil listened to Brian and didn't discredit what he said - you're looking way too much into this

[@LeoAugustom]

Brian Cox's hair got so old..

[@bigballzs]

he is 47

[@paultremblay4836]

+bigballzs not just that he is 47, but very smart people often turn grey quicker. Its little trade of between life and intelligence. Einstein died at 73, fully greyed .

[@EveyJamo]

+LeoM Dont you meant ''it got so sexy" ?

[@LeoAugustom]

EvieJay Yes. Yes I did.

[@lukejackson6233]

Yep, sure did. Weird how we all have to age. Oops, hope I didn't spoil it for you. But you might as well hear it now. By the way, Santa isn't real either. Sorry.

[@denisherlock3023]

They're both Jedi, in case you wondering...

[@QuantumPeter]

Yea,but if they were high energy, they would also have short wavelength so you would not be able to see the beams

[@bluemist7225]

the lightsaber wouldnt be blue then

[@MrGdsuta]

Make sense. Based on Louis de Broglie of wave particle, if the wavelength is really short then its particle characteristic appears. Is it still considered as light?

[@leloodallasmultipass]

so, why can we?

[@lollie4016]

+mehfoos ....there's a way!

[@hibye1177]

Smart guy

[@chokoon21]

ah yes here we go again... master Yoda vs emperor Palpatine.

[@rogersowerbutts2261]

How could a light sabre just stop at the end? Why doesnt the light continue on...like a laser does? I know its made up but it seems daft to me.

[@root9837]

aren't they just plasma?

[@Airehcaz]

JackSpedicey YES! They aren’t laser beams or something, but plasma being focused through a special crystal and contained with a magnetic field Obviously that’s no more realistic than laser swords but still, it’s plasma! Same with the blasters hey shoot, by lasers! Not light speed projectiles but super heated plasma that gets blasted out of the barrel

[@MachOverspeedsPlace]

*Yeah but... The Light Saber isn't a high energy laser, but a highly focused gravimetric field projector. The appearance derives from it's ionization of atmospheric gasses.*

[@gokurocks9]

Oxygen does not ionizie enough to make any apparent brightness and there's no way for gravitons to just spontaneously create power, that's not what they do or how they behave in terms of what we already know.

[@cyrusstanola3929]

The problem that lightsabers will just past through each other, even though Brian explained it scientifically, its actually explained in star wars lore. The blades actually have a electromagnetic force field that surrounds its, making it so that blaster bolts and other lightsabers bounce right off it

[@briankaiser4006]

i was hoping to hear something on how the light sabres beam would come to an abrupt halt after just a few feet. what technology would be needed to contain a high energy laser and not allow it to keep going on and on?

[@kurdtpage]

It's simple: a piece of thick wire in the center, and at the end of the wire is a mirror. So the base of the sabre emits the high energy laser, reaches the mirror which then bounces it back (at a slight offset) creating a cascade of lasers bouncing back and forth.

[@briankaiser4006]

Yeah that would work but in the movies i dont think they use that. I know its just a movie but i wonder if theres any way to have it work in reality like in the movies. Or is it possible at all with known technology.

[@briankaiser4006]

also, wouldnt such a high energy laser just vaporize the wire?

[@NicolasPetrali93]

it would actually make more sense if the "beam" was plasma contained within an electromagnetic field, some of the "proto-sabers" (the lightsabers precursors) were in fact a static rod that lighted up with a battery attached to the back or waist of the bearer in some cases

[@Murph_82]

Dumb minds about here 😂

[@BryonLetterman]

So you're saying that lightsabers might be possible. Might be.

[@sachiperez]

The light might bounce off each other, but I doubt the force would be transferred to the handle.

[@Radonatos]

Absolutely! Neil explicitely ask this (around 2:00 "...and you would feel this...") and Brian weasels away from it ("...they would interact..."). Surely Brian knows shitloads about the RL physics of light, but he's too focused on that one aspect (sure he would've mentioned the far more surprising and groundbreaking possibility of kinetic energy transfer in light back to the source in one existed), and the effect would be just an upscaled version of shining a flashlight against a wall. Neil clearly wins this argument ;)

[@shiskeyoffles]

Good point

[@Mr7Crash]

Which means going into a lightsaber fight would probably end up everyone fighting or close to the fight XD

[@ReddooryogaSH]

It probably depends on how the integrity of the beam is being maintained: why does the lightsaber have a length of a few feet? Only by answering that question can we answer the question of the how the interaction with another blade would or would not affect the handle. Another issue though is that if the energy of the light were high enough to enter the regime Brian Cox is talking about, it's interaction with the air would probably be enough to cause the equivalent release of heat energy of a thermonuclear explosion.

[@felixzhang2290]

Ok so the light would bounce off each other and scatter, but that wouldn't translate to feedback in the handle would it? You'd simply cross the streams and be bombarded with high energy radiation as the two streams of photons scattered around and hit everything else. So you still couldn't have a 'light'-saber.

[@ProjectILT]

but even if the light photons bounce off each other why would the force be transferred back to the handle of the saber. How does a light saber even restrict the length of the light anyway, to have a 3 ft long saber instead of a 1 mile long saber?

[@linkingisnonsense]

I tend to think lightsabers would be plasma and a magnetic field.

[@markorollo.]

NDGT, one of my favourite brainy people, and Brian Cox, who is from my home town, (Chadderton, Oldham, near Manchester) talking star wars. my favourite film series. all this is missing is suranne jones, a.k.a the Tardis in that one episode of Doctor Who (also from my home town coincidentally) doing an in character walk on part during the interview.

[@jonnythegamemaster]

How do you do fellow Oldhamer? I have actually met Professor Brian and he helped me with my physics homework when he visited my college.

[@markorollo.]

+jonnythegamemaster it's a small world lol. I think he was at uni the same time as one of my Mums cousins.

[@markorollo.]

+jonnythegamemaster which college? Oldham?

[@jonnythegamemaster]

xneverwalkalonex Oldham Sixth Form

[@edme8865]

Light sabers are actually a focused resonance field of energy. If you could think of a plastic bottle of water, the water is the resonating energy and the plastic bottle is the focused field. We do not currently have technology to focus a resonance field of energy, or even really form one, in the fashion of a light saber. The light blade is a symptom of the energy field. The focus of the field is also why it doesn't super heat the air around it. The current ideology is that light sabers are a form of plasma torches, because some of the symptoms are similar. These symptoms are the light emissions, the cutting ability, the burning, the short length.

[@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017]

My gut tells me that they aren't possible, but that also leaves aside the fact that they are also hopelessly inefficient and unwieldy weapons, just like real sabers, which gave way to far superior firearms technology. The fact that George Lucas had to invent a magical "Force" to enable the Jedi to repel blaster shots with their light sabers is all the more ridiculous. This is an observation that bugs me the most about so-called Star Wars 'science nerds'. Star Wars was virtually void of actual science. There were a few vague references to 'light-speed', but it was really non-scientific. George Lucas had a decent idea for a story, but it was fantasy, not science fiction even in the most general sense of the term. Star Trek at least made a half-hearted attempt to use scientific principles and facts to contain their characters and story. The "Force" is nothing but religion and magic mixed together, and furthers ignorance of both kinds of thinking.

[@edme8865]

If I had a lightsaber, I would not be jedi. I would not be sith. I would definitely be part of the 99% in the category of immediate accidental dismemberment.

[@stopthephilosophicalzombie9017]

Ed Me Good point. The world would look like war-zones where landmines have turned everyone into amputees! Lol.

[@davidsirmons]

Might not need to be composed of light at all. Ultra high EM fields, shaped by various means, might provide enough focused shape and energy to dissociate atoms in molecular formations. The mistake of traditional ideas of lightsabers has been they must be made of light, and they must be hot. Neither is true. Even EHF sound (tesla waves) could be shaped and used to create a field capable of not only causing the field shape to burn away the gasses/atmosphere immediately surrounding it (visible light phenomenon), but would also be able to instantly super-agitate molecules in any matter to the point of immediately breaking apart at the elemental level, (this being resultant heat, rather than applied heat) A few ideas... focused EM field ala an induction forge, focused via concentric charged carbon tubes/sheaths...? extreme high freq sound (tesla wave) in a concentrated shape carbon shafts extended from handle, vibrating at exHIfreq/s, within induction forge field

[@robertrijkers5163]

'are actually' they actually aren't anything since they are fictional.

[@TheJoyceclarence]

Delightful. The intensity and enthusiasm ar palpable.

[@MrDaddynomates]

who knows what they're really made of or how they work. maybe there's a force field involved. maybe they use an energy we haven't discovered yet. or maybe its science fiction LOL

[@owk5773]

Decades ago no way that we can have electric cars, phone? Smartwhaat? Watch? Friend calling on that thing from where other continent? And it's all live? So please ask same question about lightsabers hmm aprox 100 years from now or even gonna gave us fair start 150 years from now. We are slowly moving to use nuclear batteries for rovers like the one for Mars, soon nuclear engines so 150 years from now we might discover a new way to focus so much energy to actually achieve light saber effect. And saying it's scifi dude and only scifi. Same thing happen to the science fiction writers in 70's when they start writing in their books about glass panels used to move or steering a s spaceship or access data base... yeah it's only science fiction;))

[@bern9642]

@@owk5773 dude, most sci fi isn't real and never will be real. There are a few sci-fi writers who's sci-fi is based on actual science and is possible but star wars isn't one of them. Sorry

[@lukejackson6233]

It's worth suffering through Tyson's bloviating to listen to a real scientist like Cox.

[@jacknoymer5093]

Agreed 👍

[@jacknoymer5093]

Tyson seems to be more of an entertainer and less of an actual scientist. Looking up Tyson, the first thing that shows up are tickets to one of his “lectures”, while Brian is an actual professor of particle physics at the University of Manchester

[@jacknoymer5093]

I’ve encountered many people who talk like Tyson. There’s always the person who thinks that spitting out random facts they found in Weird but True makes them an intellectual

[@BharuRDMessi]

Tyson's a science communicator. His job at present is to get science out to the general public. To be a science communicator like him, one has to be a scientist first.

[@NerveSalad]

Pretty awesome. Those two really talk with their hands in front of them the whole time. They appeared slightly uncomfortable around each other... a bit?

[@deathtoy101]

This guy is the perfect person you want to sit next to in an airplane

[@johnaddaquay1114]

I swear down...Brian cox makes Neil look dumb

[@tate_the_philosopher1336]

Particle physics is in fact where cox specialized in. So he have know these things better than tyson but that doesnt mean he is smarter.

[@futurestoryteller]

Is it just me or was Cox trying to get across at one point the idea that an ultra high energy lightsaber would be adversely effected by all the photons in the environment?

[@kirbymarchbarcena]

So,does that mean a light sabre must have a concentrated form of light to touch each other?The other question is,how can these light particles hold each other strong enough in a straight line and exactly one meter long?

[@Tonicwine999]

Brian didn't seem to clarify if the lighsabers clashing would produce a repulsive force or if the light would go different directions. The way Brain explained it it gave me the impression when the lightsabers clashed each lightsaber would bend instead of be repulsed like a real sword.

[@wmgthilgen]

Though a light saber has a visable beam, it does not consist of just light simular to that of a flash light. It would consist of gama or something else that in addition to being able to cause damage can also be seen. My question about light sabers is, how would they control the length of the beam.

[@tylercauley4776]

I dont believe the lightsaber could exist without a solid state medium to give it form. I always assumed there was a telescopic rod which gave the plasma form along with a strong magnetic field.

[@Frostiedkdk]

im no physicist but even if they bounced off eachother, wouldnt they just be infinitely long? How do you force the light to only go about 1½ meters

[@-_Nuke_-]

It would need a tremendous amount of power and many other things that are just not even mentioned in the video. Unless we really progress in science I don't think we'll ever make a lightsaber like the ones in star wars.

[@mr.peanut2096]

Although they wouldn't provide resistance when cutting something. Whenever someone cuts something with a lightsaber you can see that they're having to really push on it.

[@grennbalze]

My thought would be that since the whole of the technology is to hold its own energy beam in place, it makes it somewhat solid

[@Эрл_Грей]

The main problem with lightsabers is that they have a finite length. Try do some physics for that !!

[@sparkyenergia]

I really want Professor Brian Cox and 'Engineering Explained' to be side by side.

[@Karlemilstorm]

But the force from the interaction would still not affect the handle, right? When the photons have left the handle any interactions won't be felt in the handle

[@santiagoabliterature]

I disagree that you would feel the interaction, its like two hoses throwing jets that collide, you will feel it stoping a little bit but you would pass the jet right through each other

[@silasvs]

A national treasure on National Geographic. The cosmos bless NDGT

[@Metal-Possum]

Some people don't think the universe be like it is, but it do.

[@BRIGHTLIGHTSIDE]

Maybe the photons interact, but I do not think you would feel a reaction force on the hilt, since the photon already left the hilt and is no longer connected to it

[@KW.95]

I find it weird to see Neil being taught about physics by another person.

[@ononotu1496]

Engineering Explained, now Light Sabers explained

[@davidsirmons]

Lightsabers needn't 'emit' light, rather, ionized air itself would act as the object which emits the lightsaber's light. Anything that ever approaches a lightsaber in function will not use radiant heat....because to slice through even wood or even thin plastic with a casual sweep would require about 8000 degrees, which would incinerate the holder if they're within about 4 feet of the saber itself. Duh. So it would have to use something else....some type of shaped field, which rattles apart molecules, and the heat results from the object itself being molecularly disassembled....or perhaps sound, super intense sound utilizing specifically shaped constructive harmonic interference patterns.

[@coderarcher7122]

E=mc^2, so if photons in the frequency of visible light spectrum does not have enough energy to interact with each other, and energy increases with increase in frequency of the light, doesn't it mean the photon particles must have a mass now? Higgs field gives matter its mass, so can we say that a Higgs field is generated in those photons, as the frequency increases?

[@frenkvortice3858]

About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans. and water always seeks its level. aka becomes flat, so my question is, show me curved water ,like ocean, lake, i just want to see curved water .

[@vadymkvasha4556]

but does a photon any connection with the handle? Will it give any impulse back to the handle? Seems the light will bounce (seems it will be an explosion), but the handles will continue the movement and the next portion of the light, emitted by the lightsaber will reach it's target

[@netdisaster12]

magnetically shaped plasma my friends. why does no one talk about that?? all colors available in the movies are possible with plasma created through different elements and they should technically deflect each other. That is, if someone manages to create a power source in a tiny cigar tube and have powerful magnetic shaping and capable of creating extremely hot plasma.. okthanksbye

[@YOSUP315]

Is he saying the actual hilt of the lightsaber would BOUNCE because of photons shooting out of it?

[@sinOsiris]

there's stuff that our mind simply could not circumnavigate such probability and for good reason.

[@amaracortez4484]

This was when he was still styling his own hair.bwaha

[@OneGaurdian]

One aspect of lightsaber that they haven't discussed is the kyber crystals.

[@CristiNeagu]

Yeah... you still wouldn't be able to feel it. So the two light beams would interact, but the interaction wouldn't be passed to your hand any more than you would feel a water jet hitting something by holding the hose.

[@Ne1lcul]

+Cristi Neagu Super high energy. Photons packed as tightly as atoms.

[@CristiNeagu]

Ne1lcul There is a difference between super high energy and super high density. And even then, the same applies. Water is packed as tightly as atoms, because it is atoms. And you still don't feel anything from what the jet is doing.

[@armoda1057]

if you use the Force you would feel it

[@CristiNeagu]

Leper King But that's not the point of the video. The point is that there can be a way in our physical world to recreate two lightsabers colliding, without needing the Force. So if you bring the Force into the conversation the argument is already lost.

[@armoda1057]

Cristi Neagu i was joking, sorry for that not being more clear.

[@aadityachourasia2124]

I don't think they are going to bounce but more like streamline jets of water colliding

[@gopro_audio]

When humans measure time based in the universe, and not just our solar system, only then will we discover physics of a light saber and other sci fi movie gadgets.

[@MrNic919]

I find your lack of faith...Disturbing

[@GMODGAMER82]

0:25 OMG HER LAUGH KILLED ME

[@clarkrobertson8906]

Two liars together.lets hope other space agencies get your budget

[@gabeflame7803]

Someone built a real lightsaber using laminar flow to create a steady stream of plasma

[@No_OneV]

Soooo what they saying is.... the lightsaber is possible after all?

[@krumbergify]

I assume it would consume way too much power to be portable.

[@thistheonlynameicanthinkof1719]

But they aren’t made of light there made of plasma.....

[@lukejackson6233]

A light bulb isn't made out of light either, they're made out of glass. They emit light though.

[@cornishphilosopher]

Of course light sabers are not made of light, but plasma

[@jeffrey778]

the problem is, there is no way that you can particle accelerate something so fast but at the same time call it back to hold a shape

[@francorugama884]

Light sabers are not light , they are suppressed plasma.

[@RMMFeed]

Lightsabers are made of plasma not light though?

[@AshokSharma-ts1ck]

Sir your cosmos is great

[@dinom1695]

This guy's face looks like CGI :D

[@dinom1695]

This guy's face looks like CGI :D

[@Tomooseyo]

10/10 outro

[@kokomanation]

Lightsabers are plasma blades they are not laser beams

[@darkuser9992]

Sorry, why would a hypothetical light saber cut things, but pass through another light saber. Can phycisit here explain?

[@Technaton_English]

Due to heat it can cut through things

[@RahulKumar-dt5or]

light sabre no thanks i would take kalashnikov

[@lordt-nychimaru674]

Thumbnail reminds me of Hinata

[@bryananofa7165]

When a gutarist is your physic profesor

[@smokzmok]

lightsabers are actually phlasma sabers

[@hollywood1821]

What is stopping the blade at a certain length?

[@mr.wigglemunch3856]

In an alternate universe its Brian Willies

[@tekamin]

Earths flat kids these people are entertainers.

[@yashvardhanrana5457]

Why would it be the length of sword

[@MrRJPE]

Wouldn't the beam of the lightsaber just bend when they hit each other then, instead of locking in contact like metal swords?

[@tferraro1474]

I think what they are saying is that two light sabers would act like two magnets with the same pole facing each other. I believe that is the type of interaction he is describing...

[@partii3876]

The thumbnail is kinky...

[@GeorgeOu]

Two problems with Professor Cox's comments. Even if some of the photos collided, some would surely get through. But even if 100% of the photons collided and were diverted, you would just end up with two temporarily bent light sabers when they intersected but the two sabers would eventually pass through and become straight again. So you still wouldn't be able to use it to block like a metal saber.

[@نادرالیراحمان]

Here's the video that discusses the physics of lightsabers by Michio Kaku kzbin.info/www/bejne/Z53VZoKLn6t3ock

[@bryanconnolly]

In the same way Christopher Hitchens would Hitchslap, I think NDgT just got Coxslapped...

[@wholecreator3756]

in my opinion it's more likly light sabers are made of plasma (super heated gas)because it shows more of the same properties as lightsaber blades like being able to collide as shown in the movies

[@danevetts681]

+jack iplier according to the star wars cannon they do use plasma, not light