The Rise and Fall of the Spanish Empire

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[@megaprojects9649]

Thanks to Keeps for sponsoring this video! Head to keeps.com/Megaprojects to get 50% off your first Keeps order.

[@OttomanHistory1299]

Can you do one on Ottoman Empire. Big fan of Geograpics.

[@fredred8371]

video starts at 1:42

[@charlesbranscomb8493]

I was thinking you know the oil olatforms they have on the ocean to get oul they could vuild multiple them and connect the tunnel to them in some locations for example if russia say no and alaska also got hundreds of islands that go down to asia it could work part on land part in the ocean and part in the air supended above the ocean

[@thomaspiresle3587]

Hellooo, could you perhaps do the portugese empire since it’s closely related to the spanish?? Thanks and love all ur videos

[@masonnix9566]

No.

[@jasonburt7160]

Hey, the Man said it started in 2021. Just cause the rest of the world hasn't reported on it just shows how thorough and extensive the Spanish plans were to keep it out of mainstream media. Keep up the great work Simon. I support you!

[@vlad-ovidiuadam6489]

With the amount of channels he has and the number of videos this man makes....I can understand a few slip ups on dating things as well as missing it in the editing stage. Or....the slips ups are intentional to see if we're paying attention :-p

[@battlebeard2041]

Saved me effort!🙏

[@megaprojects9649]

@@vlad-ovidiuadam6489 It's all about engagement. Look at all the comments about it ;)

[@DarkSnP]

He knows what he is doing 🤣 it's honestly insane, matters none thanks to engagement, never thought about such an idea

[@donsandsii4642]

Not reported on the internet? Anywhere??

[@demiansolis]

Hi there! This a Mexican writing. Congrats. You did a good work synthesizing the long and complex history of the Spanish Empire. I just would like to clarify some points: 1. The conquest of Mexico, as you explained, was performed by the indigenous native nations that were enemies of the Aztecs. 2. The Aztec capital was destroyed by Cortes' Indian allies, not by the Spaniards. Cortes tried to prevent the destruction of a city he found marvelous, but he couldn't. 3. The transmission of deseases like small pox, inexistent in the Americas, played a key role in the fall of the native nations of Mexico. Small pox was introduced to old Mexico by an African slave that accompanied Cortes. 4. New Spain was a kingdom within the Spanish Empire, not a colony as it the term is usually understood by other European colonial powers. 5. The Aztec and Tlaxcala people played a key role in the conquest of the Phillipines. 6. Charles V was Holy Roman Emperor and Spanish King. Before he passed away he split into two his realm: the Holy Roman Empire for his brother, Ferdinand and the Spanish Empire for his son, Philip II. 7. An important negative effect of the huge influx of American silver into Spain was high inflation. 8. The Mexican movement of independence was led by the American Spaniards. The independence movement was not crushed in 1811. It continued until 1821, when New Spain declared its independence and becomes the Mexican Empire jointly with Central America. 9. In New Spain the American Spaniards rebelled against mother Spain because for 300 years they were excluded from high government, and because of the unpopular economic and political reforms implemented by the Bourbon Kings. 10. In 1898 Spain lost some of its last colonies in America and Asia, but it kept control over some territories in Africa until 1975. So, for me, the official date of death of the Spanish Empire is 1975.

[@augcaes]

Every point is perfect and accurate but #9. The actual break occurred after the change in government in Spain with the coup of Riego in 1820, as by then the rebellions in New Spain had been crushed. Look up the Conjura de la Profesa.

[@bvillafuerte765]

@demiansolis Aztecs: Seven civilizations (Tepanecas, Xochimilcas, Chalcas, Acolhuas, Tlahuicas, Tlaxcaltecas and Mexicas) that left Aztlán, took temporary refuge in Chicomóztoc and continued migrating south; each tribe founding their kingdom according to the indications of their Gods.

[@ElGrandoCaymano]

#5 is dubious. I'm not sure what is meant by "people", but presumably just men in Spanish pay serving as sailors, soldiers or stevedores. It is rumoured a hundred or so Tlaxcala soldiers served Spain, but not any Aztec soldiers

[@marianatapia4242]

Excellent post! When Simon said a "small smallpox epidemy helped" I was like whaaaat? 56 MILLION are estimated to have died!!! Although truth be told I don't know when the worst part of the epidemic ocurred... And how bad it was during the battle of Tenochtitlan.

[@herrero4270]

You are not mexican, but a Spanish charlatan pretending to be one. Your arguments are typical of the extreme-right Spaniards, AND ALMOST ALL THEY ARE FALSE. 1.- Mexico is a big country, and the forced Cortes' indian allies only helped in the siege of Mexico-Tenochtitlan, a single city among many of them in the whole Mesoamerica. The conquest lasted 300 years, and never was complete. In all this time, only one nation helped the Spaniards, the Tlaxcalan. Your demagogery doesn't explain how, if the indians made the conquest, why the Spaniards took all the land, the wealth and the government, insted of the "conqueror" indians? In fact, the Tlaxcalan were only mercenaries, cannon fodder in the conquest. 2.- "History is written by the victors". Cortés was the only one, who said the indians destroyed Mexico-Tenochtitlan, because he didn't desire to appear as responsible of this barbaric act. As usual among Spaniards of this time, Cortes was a schemer, always blaming others of his villainys, like his treacherous taking of Moctezuma as a hostage, and his murder by the back. 3.- It is unknown if Cortés used an African slave, to disseminate the smalpox among the Mexica (not "Aztecs"). It would't be the first, or the last time this dirty trick was used against besieged cities. 4.- New Spain was named as "kingdom", but in fact was a colony. What makes a colony is not its name, but its economic and political relations with an imperial metropolis. In fact, the Spanish government itself recognized in a legal decree that all their possessions in America were colonies: "Bando de 14 de Abril, en que se quita á las Américas el carácter de colonias, se les declara parte integrante de la monarquia española, y se manda que nombren vocales para la junta central", de abril 14 de 1809. (""Band of April 14, in which the character of colonies is removed from the Americas, they are declared an integral part of the Spanish monarchy, and it is ordered that they appoint members for the central board", dated April 14, 1809. There are many Spanish references in which they call "colonies" their American possessions, like in the work of the prominent Spanish intellectual Sancho de Moncada. British India also was named "kingdom", but anyway it was a colony. 5.- As I said, the Tlaxalan (and not the Mexica), were Spanish mercenaries. 6.- It is correct 7.- The influx of the looted gold and silver from America caused inflation in Spain, BECAUSE they were parasites, who had very little production of goods. If this money would be used in productive investments, the inflation could be much smaller. 8.- They never existed "American Spaniards". It was never given Spanish citizenship to the population of America, until 1810, in another legal decree. But this decree, as the Spanish Constitution from 1812, was abolished by the absolutist king of Spain, Ferdinand VII, despite the fact he had sworn to obey it. Some of the most prominent independent leaders were not even creoles, but mulattoes, and even the 1812 Constitution didn't give them citizenship. So, which Spanish Americans made Mexico independent? 9.- The creoles were excluded from high government, and the economic and political reforms implemented by the Bourbon Kings were unpopular, but this is only a half truth. The discrimination, racism, exploitation and mistreatment of the indians, african slaves, and the other castes, were also motives for the war of independence. Most of the insurgent's armies were composed by indians and mestizo, not by creoles. 10.- Spain kept colonies in weaker nations until 1975, but they have a thrid-rate empire at that moment. They lost the Riff war aginst bedouins in the 20th centrury, and they could only won thanks to the French intervention with its army.

[@JeOrtiz1]

The Spanish "Dolar" was a silver coin widely circulated throughout the new world and was the reason why the United States used it as well as a very early currency. It was typically cut into 4 parts/quarters forming the basis for the United States 25 cents ( also from the Spanish centavos). I have a Spanish Dolar coin from 1750s. They even have examples of these coins with an explanation of it's history at the Smithsonian Museum in Washington DC.

[@aste4949]

I found 1/2 a reales (so basically 1/16th of a full piece of 8?) minded in Guatemala in 1790 just laying in the dirt of a nature trail. It seems to be authentic, has 2 text variants that were not unusual on reales minted during the 1789-1792 transition from Carolus III to Carolus the IV, and it is a very beat up and much-used coin. But absolutely amazing to hold, predating my great-great-grandparents' 1836 Italian prayer book by decades. That you have one even older is quite awesome!

[@redtesla]

Thanks! Very interesting.

[@redtesla]

@@aste4949 Wow, that must've been exciting!

[@aste4949]

@@redtesla It super was, I cherish that find greatly. Still tempted to rent a metal detector and search the area, but finding such thin coins (thinner even than a US dime) would require a sensitivity level that would also pick up things even as small and flimsy as foil-whoch sadly I see lying around on that trail as it is.

[@nestar2009]

@@aste4949 wow I'm from Guatemala, you really have a piece of history from my country.

[@pop5678eye]

18:26 Magellan himself never made it around the Earth. He died in the Philippines due to getting involved in native politics/war. A small remnant of the crew on one of his ships was the only part of his expedition that made it. Also, the original purpose of Magellan's expedition was never to circumnavigate the Earth but to just finish what Columbus set sail to do: find the western route to East Asia.

[@PrimatoFortunato]

True, it was finished by Elcano, who decided to navigate forward.

[@g.carvalho6474]

He made it around the earth, just not in the same trip. He participated in the conquest of Malaca by the portuguese and in the exploration of the area

[@jordinagel1184]

@@faragatanfarraum… I don’t think you understood his point. What he meant was that Magellan went around one half of the Earth once (the incident he referred to), and around the other half later on (his eponymous voyage). Maybe try some reading comprehension first before insulting others, hm?

[@g.carvalho6474]

@@faragatanfarra How is it not true? Care to explain?

[@g.carvalho6474]

@@faragatanfarra sem fundamento essa resposta. Embora ele não tenha chegado às filipinas chegou praticamente à mesma longitude. E já agora isto não tem nada a ver com nacionalismo, nem sequer é um ponto muito falado em Portugal, era mais uma curiosidade, mas a raiva por trás do teclado fala mais alto para dar respostas estúpidas.

[@matthieusaade3616]

The Spanish empaaaa was huge for real.

[@Merry19ss]

Por algo fue el primer Imperio Mundial .

[@herrero4270]

The Mongol and British empires were bigger.

[@herrero4270]

@@Merry19ss HAHAHAHAHAHAHA...YOU MUST BE HALLUCINATING...

[@diegotomasmiranda854]

​@@herrero4270 EL IMPERIO ESPAÑOL FUE EL PRIMER IMPERIO GLOBAL DEL MUNDO HOY 2024 HABLAN CASTELLANO MAS DE 600 MILLONES DE HABLANTES 🇪🇦🇦🇷💪

[@herrero4270]

@@diegotomasmiranda854 The right-wing Spanish hypocrites live speaking ill of globalism....but they presume that their empire was the first to be global. It is false that 600 million speak Spanish. And speaking Spanish is not a merit that should be boasted of. Today more than 600 million people speak English around the world, and not because they were forced by their conquerors.

[@BackUp-gn9gn]

There is a mistake: Fernando Magalhaes did not end the circumnavigation of the Earth, he died in Mactan. His mission was accomplished byJuan Sebastian Elcano.

[@audiovideando1592]

In fact, Magellan's plan was to return to the American continent after reaching the Philippines. After his death, there were left two ships (of the initial five): one sailed eastwards back to America, and the other went westwards and accomplished the circunnavigation.

[@joanmarcferreaparici2282]

That's correct. Magallanes died in philipines fighting a proud tribe...you don't complete the circumnavegation of the globe if you don't retourn home...

[@jmmh1313]

​@@m.l.7929 That would be el calvo xD El cano would mean a really old guy with white hair

[@Josergr]

Juan Sebastián Elcano

[@macpack144]

Actually he did circumnavigate the world. As Simon had said Magellan worked in the Maluku Islands before returning to Spain and then leading his famous voyage that ended for him in the Philippines which is west of the Maluku Islands.

[@jeremys.950]

Anyone else catch that year at 16:33 he says the year of the start of the siege is 2021. Lol that's awesome

[@smferreiro2610]

Hahah! Thanks for making in me notice it!

[@simonchesterman7616]

I had to go back 10 dec just to make sure I hadn't miss heard

[@Just_Q]

yeah, I had to go back to check if he really said 2021, "did he say 2021?" lol.

[@matthewdopler8997]

Nobody expects the time traveling Spanish Inquisition.

[@michaelb1761]

@@matthewdopler8997 No, not the soft cushions!

[@gideonhorwitz9434]

19:20 Frankly what always baffled me about the Spanish empire wasn’t about its control of the Americans but it’s rule over such distant and separated European territories. Just to put it simple they king of Spain was also king of Naples archduke of Austria king of Bohemia duke of Milan burgundy and the Netherlands and at one point holy Roman emperor all at the same time.

[@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825]

Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany (he couldn't even have just one name, xD), probably the most powerful western king to ever live. The paradox is that if Spain didn't held those territories in Europe (which many were protestant and resulted in and endless money pit with centuries of wars between the spanish crown and the protestant rebels, and a bunch of bankruptcies along the way) they could probably had have enough stability, people and money in mainland Spain to maintain America in the long run.

[@jmmh1313]

​@@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825 it wasn't due to that man. It was the disastrous change on the state ideology lead by the bourbons what made rebellions arise in the first place. Only after that point they began to be treated actually as colonies... Which they didn't accept. Hence the fight.

[@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825]

@@jmmh1313 I know that (and they where never threaten as colonies, the borbond just centralized the power, still the same rules as the mainland provinces) . I didn't say it was due to that. I said that without that centuries long money pit that caused Spain to daclare 2 bankruptcies, , they would probably had enough resources to keep and defend the Americas.

[@jmmh1313]

@@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825 if you research deep into Ferdinand the VII, you will find that as much as i hate to say it, yes, there was colonial treatment due to some reasons: 1. This is the date at which what we know as racism began to exist as such. Never before in the history of the world before the age of "enlightenment" was there a system of thought that legally consider and tried to explain through reason why some humans were inherently inferior die to race. As you can guess, this made the spanish elites a huge complex of inferiority for having based their entire system on the mestizaje, which utterly led to an inner rejection of the spanish even by the very own spaniards while figures of the illustration as Riego ironically took the opposite position within spain advocating for the classical brotherhood of hispanicity. 2. The centralization of power in the french style inherently provokes, with no other alternative, the disenfranchisement of the peripheral areas to power. The viceroyalties, in a simple way, became mear moons in the orbit of Madrid, with little to no voice about how to conduct their own affairs. Which is completely and wholeheartedly anti-spanish at the same time that it is impractical and delusional to believe that it won't end with a colonial treatment given the economic structure of the empire at the time. Pd: to this day, there's spanish blood in the hispanic americans. To this day, no amount of resources or repression can make them support you if they don't want to be ruled over. The idea of consent of those governed has been taught there for so long that even makiaveli had time to see it and comment on it. So no, without a proper narrative and the basic rights that were taken away from her near the end of the empire, it was impossible to keep it together. In fact, i would add, nowhen has the spanish empire use force as a means to attain inner cohesion successfully.

[@joseangelfigueroa3458]

It was posible because american people defended the empire. Spain couldn't send soldiers across the Athlantic Ocean because always were fighting in Europe

[@hvygns15]

Modern universities would be wise to use this style of education! Very very very well done my friend! You did not try to portray, one side or the other as “evil“, you just laid the facts out there. Great job!

[@imsoemo2234]

16:31 Wow, the Spanish conquest of Tenochtitlan happened as recently as 2021? Who knew!

[@capnstewy55]

Idea for a related video, the inoculation tour where a group of doctors transitted most of the Spanish empire inoculating against smallpox. It took years and many "volunteer" orphan boys to keep the inoculations fresh.

[@sesntainueve]

The "Balmis expedition"

[@herrero4270]

Are you searching for viddeos to glorify Spain? Too late, the Balmis video was already made...

[@gilbertovega3976]

Simon, I’ll be turning 35 soon as well, I understand how you feel. I’m also having my first kid this year so…YAAAY!!!

[@jamellfoster6029]

Congratulations... 35 is still young... Take it from someone who will be 45 in 2 years... My little brother is only a few months younger than you... 35 is a great time to have a child. Still young & energetic enough to interact with your kids but wise enough to be a good parent...

[@AbbStar1989]

Gratz. Being a dad is awesome.

[@gilbertovega3976]

Thank you guys. I am happy it happened now vs before because now me and my wife own a home instead of jumping from apartment to apartment. I feel…confident about it and so excited it!

[@megaprojects9649]

Congrats :).

[@ChampaBayBeast]

Fun fact: I launch my boat all the time at the exact spot where Panfilo de Narvaez landed with his men in Boca Ciega Bay, St. Petersburg, FL in 1528. His men were slaughtered that day and the Native's ceremonial mounds are still there. A rock there also states that this is the 1st location of a catholic mass in Florida.

[@barrydysert2974]

16:32 "Starting in May 2021 the siege lasted for 3 months." 😂😂😂🙏

[@megaprojects9649]

Whoops ;)

[@user-em2gs7xz2w]

As hispanoamerican I am very impressed by your work in this video. Congrats.

[@victor382]

Spain did not have colonies in America. The American territories were just an extension of the border of Spain. The American continent was divided in various autonomous territories and kingdom. It was an empire. The rule of law in Lima was the same as the one in Córdoba.

[@moarminerals]

True in the same way that the DPRK is a democracy.

[@123mrmaynard123]

Are you for real

[@angelcamachodelsolar]

@@moarminerals Inform yourself before you speak. Being a troll it's not as fun as you think.

[@dennis771]

You are dumb if you think that was reality on the ground that a native had the same rights as a European in Madrid in 1550

[@amrastheluckywoof5524]

These videos that contain huge amounts of global history are really interesting to watch. It grant a lot of insight on certain things and why things are a certain way

[@megaprojects9649]

Thank you :)

[@trishapellis]

If you like that, I would recommend Overly Sarcastic Productions - specifically Blue's videos (Red is more about fiction... I like both). I like the way he tells the histories (with the appropriate amount of shade).

[@SuperND87]

Would love more empire content!

[@treysf4154]

Even though the Spanish empire doesn’t exist anymore, they definitely left their footprint on the world with Spanish speaking countries

[@jonathanramos8414]

Pretty much all of the architecture of latin American countries was Spanish made

[@dennis771]

@@jonathanramos8414brazil

[@herrero4270]

@@jonathanramos8414 Youe mean, colonial architecture, because our post-colonial architect is not Spanish. Obviously, this colonial architecture exists because it was made by Spaniards.

[@jonathanramos8414]

@@herrero4270 yes but The majority is Cleary Spanish in origin

[@herrero4270]

@@jonathanramos8414 Wrong. Latin American architecture is indian in origin.

[@CarlosRibeiro-rz5dg]

This episode deserves a second part about the Portuguese empire. Both existed in part because of the other. Cheers Simon

[@beachboy0505]

Excellent video 📹 Megaproject The Spanish and Portuguese learnt about 'empire making' from the 8th century Arabs Like the Arab Empires, the Spanish Empire didn't die, they just morphed into independent countries The British Empire 🇬🇧 learnt 'empire building' from the Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch.

[@zamirroa]

Long live to our legacy, every empire was important to world history.

[@davidjoelsson4929]

so arabs learned from the romans and persians?

[@beachboy0505]

@@davidjoelsson4929 100%, when they captured any province, they kept the various Byzantine, Persian, Chinese ,Indian etc administration , inserted themselves at the top, translated everything into Arabic. All the technology we know about the Romans is copied from the Carthagians and translated to Latin. Including the Latin alphabet we all use.

[@davidjoelsson4929]

@@beachboy0505 But the latin script is from hellenic which in turn is from phoenicians (who were carthagians) And far as i know arabs never conquered any chinese lands?

[@beachboy0505]

@@davidjoelsson4929 the Umayyad Caliphate also defeated the Chinese and took some of their outlying empire. Also the Hellenic alphabet and Latin alphabet is completely different

[@Nonius9]

One small correction: New Spain was NOT a colony (which involves a superiority between the metrópoli and the colony, which is used to extract resources). New Spain was a Kingdom (Viceroyalty) that was part of the Empire, with its own laws. Apart of that, this is one of the most accurate video about Spanish Empire in English available out there.

[@samuelpereacruces1811]

You're saying the truth, what is often not considered observed from the outside is the meaning of "empire" for people in this place and age, the Kingdoms of New Spain, New Granada, El Perú and Río de la Plata in America had the same rights as every kingdom in continental european territories of the crown, that's the difference between the Spanish empires and another european expansionist powers over the years

[@herrero4270]

So, then, why the Spanish government itself recognized in a legal decree that all their possessions in America were colonies?: "Bando de 14 de Abril, en que se quita á las Américas el carácter de colonias, se les declara parte integrante de la monarquia española, y se manda que nombren vocales para la junta central", de abril 14 de 1809. There are many Spanish references in which they call "colonies" their American possessions, like in the work of the prominent Spanish intellectual Sancho de Moncada. British India also was named "kingdom", but anyway it was a colony. Of course Spain extracted resources form its colonies, as any mercantilistic empire. And of course it existed Spanish superiority. The viceroys were appointed from Spain, the laws came from Spain, the upper class of American societies was composed only by Spaniards. Even the creoles were considered second-rate subjects.

[@samuelmolano5840]

​@@herrero4270the goverment recognized them as colonies however they weren't colonies for th standards of other european empires, the bourbons recognized them as ultramarine provinces. The viceroys were apoimted by the king, not "from spain", the king could have apointed them from any other part of the empire and it wpuld have been the same. The laws came from the king, not "from spain". Spaniards were any free men that were subjects of the king so yes, the upper class was spanish. The creoles had every right that a peninsular had, no one apart from slaves were second-class subjects

[@herrero4270]

@@samuelmolano5840 Of course...they were recognized as colonies...because they weren't...they did it only to make happy other European States...anything else? The geographic or political divisions has anything to do with the fact that they were colonies. You should know that India was divided in districts under the British Raj, just as it was made in England. And India also was a viceroyalty....but anyway it was a British colony. It not intelligent, to say it with good manners, that viceroys were not designed from Spain. The king of Spain was the the head of State and the head of its government, and only as king of Spain he could design the viceroys. Your literalism loses sight of the meaning.

[@bvillafuerte765]

Good video as always, some of the nicknames of Spain are: The third Rome, The empire on which the sun never sets , The ruler of the land, The sword of God, etc.

[@herrero4270]

Of course, nicknames given by the Spaniards, not by the rest of the world.

[@herrero4270]

By the way, the Third Rome was Russia, not the Spanish empire.

[@bvillafuerte765]

@@herrero4270 Not because Spain speaks a Latin language, is Christian centuries before Russia, was born as a Roman province, etc.

[@bvillafuerte765]

@@herrero4270 Also the rest of the world.

[@herrero4270]

@@bvillafuerte765 Nicknames of empires are not made by the language or religion, but by popular and common designation. Nobody called "Third Rome" to the Spanish empire before the Russians. And don't forget Spain was first a Visigothic and Arab, before becoming empire.

[@atlantic3695]

You have a great skill to summarize a lot of information, congratulations and thank you for the video

[@camilopenarincon4422]

And Orellana? In the AMAZONAS, De Soto in Mississippi Coronado in Cibola. And El Dorado? What happened amigo?

[@ignitionfrn2223]

2:45 - Chapter 1 - Los reyes catolicos(the catholic kings) 4:35 - Chapter 2 - El almirante (The admiral) 10:40 - Chapter 3 - Los conquistadores 18:55 - Chapter 4 - Hablar en plata 21:25 - Chapter 5 - La guerra de la sucesion espanola (war of the spanish sucession) 23:20 - Chapter 6 - Caer en desgracia (fall from grace) 25:10 - Chapter 7 - Los restos (what's left)

[@angelcamachodelsolar]

Congratulations, great and accurate video!

[@albertsilva2492]

Make sure you include one on the Fall of the Portuguese Empire

[@mgg114]

Here's an idea for a biographics: Blas de Lezo!

[@juanlapuente833]

Great video, impressive shintesis of such a complex period in such a short time. Just a little reminder: Magellan did NOT circumnavigate the globe, he just wanted to go to the Spice Islands and back by the same way. It was Elcano who took the decission to continue west and actually circumnavigated the globe.

[@syzygyygyzys5856]

Perhaps a Warographics based on Bernal Diaz’s journal under Cortez. The flight from Tecochititlan was nightmarish, since a true native warrior captured enemies, and as they were fleeing they saw their fellow soldiers sacrificed on temple in distance

[@skyden24195]

Typically, I refrain from giving comment related to sponsorships, however this is more to do with how prolific Simon is as a spokesperson; the only bald man in history to be sought after to promote an anti-hair-loss product. 😆😆😆

[@Adrian42398]

And that's why the language of Spain expanded!

[@FrankRuiz66]

Well done! 👍👍

[@JOSEANTONIOMARTINEZHERRANZ]

Magallanes no completó la vuelta al mundo, al final del reinado de Carlos II el estado tenía superavit presupuestario, Cortés liberó a los nativos del dominio mexica que exigía entre 20.000 y 100.000 personas/año para sacrificar y, después se los comían, eran caníbales. Debe Ud. profundizar un poco más en estas cuestiones.

[@beachboy0505]

11:49 'Cortez was appointed by his father-in-law ' Thank you, most historians miss that out.

[@herrero4270]

Diego de Velazquez was not Cortes' father-in-law. His wife was Velazquez' sister-in-law. And Velazquez was the first man who Cortes betrayed.

[@armandotalampas4800]

We❤️ this video! I'm a Filipino and I'm proud of my country's colonial past! Filipino historian Gregorio Zaide points out two significant legacies of the Spanish Empire to the Philippines. Firstly, before the Spanish conquest, the Philippines were just a group of nameless islands divided politically into countless barangays. Only the Sultanate of Sulu and the Sultanate of Maguindanao had strong governments. Imperial Spain unified this archipelago into a single political entity named the Spanish Philippines. The Spaniards gave us a national identity. It is highly likely if they didn't colonize these islands, this archipelago would be fragmented into nine or ten nations: Tagalogs, Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Pampanguenos, Bicolanos, Ilonggos, Waray, Moros Secondly, we owe from Spain the Roman Catholic religion. Until this day, it is the greatest religion in the Philippines with 90 million adherents or roughly 80% of the population. I'm proud to be a Christian!✝️

[@Sean-bz8ri]

Same thing with Latin America, Spain helped unify all the native Americans under one religion and helped put an end to human sacrifice and cannibalism

[@mqdboy9278]

A ver todos somos hispanos, aunque seamos de diferentes territorios tenemos todos la misma sangre y el mismo fuego que corre por nuestras venas

[@armandotalampas4800]

@@mqdboy9278 Sir, please kindly say it in English, I don't understand Spanish. I only speak English and Filipino.

[@Sean-bz8ri]

@@armandotalampas4800 He said despite us being from different countries we're all united (spanish, latinos, Filipinos) because we share the same history and blood flowing through our viens.

[@mqdboy9278]

@@Sean-bz8ri I actually said fire but ok

[@eurodoc6343]

One correction. Charles V inheirited all of the possessions of the Spanish crown (including the Burgundian lands in the Low Countries), all of the Hapsburg territories and served as Holy Emperor. He only split the possessions between Ferdinand and his son Philip late in his life before gradually abdicating all of his many royal titles.

[@John-PaulHunt-wy7lf]

The first blow to Spain's Empire was the rise of the dutch republic then dutch empire. But who really knows about holland's empire outside of Europe in the 21st century? not many!

[@69jalo]

Loved it

[@ianmathwiz7]

Next you should do the First and Second French Empires.

[@joseluislarranaga5448]

The only European empire that lasted 3 centuries. Something was done very well.

[@elohimdagod]

Roman empire much?

[@angelcamachodelsolar]

@@elohimdagod Maybe he's trying to say "the first world-wide empire"

[@herrero4270]

@@angelcamachodelsolar No, he was bragging. And lying.

[@alexnavarro6941]

Very good synthesis, and told with a neutral tone. Very nice. ¡Gracias!

[@ravenhill_the_cryptic_of_1968]

Iam of Italian descent but are quite familiar with the spanish language.

[@wmc4920]

Spain colonized Philippines from 1570's upto 1890's it has lead to spanish last names, mostly catholic, the alphabet, traditions and with spanish roots in other culture. most of the indigenous cultures were lost or isolated in time until it was rediscovered or relearned...

[@Caleb1874ya]

I can’t imagine the first a little armor wearing Spaniard walking into the floating city centered in the crater lake of a volcano peering up at the top of a pyramid with 100’s of thousands cheering wildly as they cut the heart out of human sacrifice after human sacrifice a river of blood literally flowing down towards them a cacophony of Aztec death whistles heightening the screams of the dying and the blood thirsty…. If only Welcome To The Jungle by Guns N Roses was somehow playing…. Rivers of blood and mountains of gold…

[@cydortiz9953]

Hello! I really love your videos! I was wondering if you could do a video about tainos? ❤️

[@OscarPanczenko]

Thank you!

[@pozzowon]

11:22 I just want to say that "Cow Head's" story is indeed an extraordinary one, definitely worthy of a sketch in your Biographics channel, and "obviously not!" tainted by Catholic propaganda of the time. Even not counting his so called miracles, it's quite an interesting exploration turned into survivor

[@alyssinwilliams4570]

I seem to remember Simon doing a video about how Magellan didnt personally circumnavigate the world, dying somewhere along the way.

[@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825]

Megellan wasn't the first person to circumnavigate the globe, as you said, he died in the Philippines. The first one was Juan Sebastian Elcano, a spanish man from the Basque Country, and another 17 crew members.

[@angelcamachodelsolar]

@@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825 Fun fact: Enrique of Malacca, Magellan's slave, bought in 1511 in Malacca, maybe was the first human to circumnavigate the world.

[@pamelamays4186]

One of my many, many requested subjects. Thank you Simon & Co.

[@iwatchDVDsonXbox360]

I feel like historians need to revisit spanish empire, because almost everyone says how bad and backwards it was, how superior England and France, but at the same time Spain had most stable currency, guys who visited Dutch republic during the end of 17th century wrote about how poor were England and France in comparison to Dutch republic, England had enormous debt, French had a revolution (because of low quality of life). That doesn't really make sense to me.

[@ElGrandoCaymano]

Which Dutch guy? True, Britain had considerable political turmoil at the end of the 17th century, but it was the Dutch who lost the war, despite initial naval victories, could not out build the Royal Navy, lost the the sea trade monopoly, surrendered New York, Holland was overrun and with Jan de Witt's execution, this was the final end of the Dutch golden age. London and Paris were both 600k, so 3x bigger than Amsterdam, and 5x bigger than Madrid by 1700, presumably all cities had poverty, but with 600k, they have to be some good areas to attract so many residents. Bu now, William of Orange had moved over to became King of England and instituted a lot of financial reforms he'd picked up in Amsterdam which would permanently jumpstart the British economy. I'm not sure what "enormous debt" England had. Do you mean Scotland? England had bailed out Scotland after the Darien fiasco and it was the Spanish in debt due to their earlier wars against Holland.

[@JimBTPX]

Those who have power write history and and after the industrial revolution the british have it.

[@marmolpicapiedra1294]

Like spanish i only can say... thank you for this video. Respect and love for the history is the main base for a better future.

[@joshaseltine985]

i have a request i dont know if this qualifies as a mega project or a side project but i thought since u ran both it would work eather way there was a ship named the turbinia i would like to know more about cross reference with steam turbine and Victoria's Dimond jubilee

[@grandmastertaco3022]

Every time he says "Ten-oh-chit-lan" Xipe Totec weeps blood.

[@marianatapia4242]

This comment doesn't have enough likes 😂

[@cebi3939]

17:50 Oh right the siege, the Siege of Cuzco, the siege specifically designed to siege Cuzco, Cuzco's Siege..... ...That siege?

[@nanucit]

Spanish monarchs reaction to seeing the natives: No slavery allowed! British reaction: either eradicate or enslave them but get them out!

[@nanucit]

@UC9XKZ1tVQsCBuZUm0xUHxBQ in that era everybody dealt in slavery, what the Spanish did was first of all consider new territory as part of Spain instead of "colonies" as everybody else and give its people the status of subjects of the crown as Spanish in mainland so no slaving natives, you are a product of your pathetic schooling system based in British propaganda, go learn another language and maybe you'll eventually learn something 😒

[@zaberfang]

Basically how America was founded

[@EvenWaysMusic]

And yet, in all of human history, all of its thousands and thousands of years, the British were the first and only people to abolish slavery, and abolish it for the world.

[@bvillafuerte765]

@@zaberfang America was founded by Spain, not by England.

[@bvillafuerte765]

@@EvenWaysMusic Hahaha, good joke XD

[@Davidsample7761]

there is no way that you can be an expert on this many topics.

[@kwenamafojane7411]

Starting in May 2021? Your foresight is incredible

[@bettyswallocks6411]

What, no mention of the O’Higgins family? That’s a fascinating story in and of itself.

[@badluck5647]

I find it unsurprisingly that Simon's girlfriend referred to him as "my dude".

[@thcdreams654]

My dude, throw some dog food down to the basement captives.

[@SkunkApe407]

My wife calls me dude and bro, and I think it's the funniest shit ever. Especially when she does it to completely shut me down. I can be yelling at another motorist for doing something stupid, and she'll be like "Bro, chill", and I just fall tf apart laughing. I legit married that buddy that can flick you in the nuts and make YOU laugh.

[@Wonderkid44]

@@SkunkApe407 gay

[@SkunkApe407]

@@Wonderkid44 "gay" stopped being an insult about 20 years ago. Grow up.

[@danielcosta4768]

Do Portugal next!!!

[@jsolloso]

Massive error right at the start. There was NO Catalonia. It was Aragon, with the only autonomous entity being the County of Barcelona, which was modern day Barcelona and little else.

[@jsolloso]

@@worstchoresmadesimple6259 They already tried that. Took their historical texts and refused to return them until the courts forced them to.

[@jordi6795]

Where exactly is the error?

[@jordi6795]

@@worstchoresmadesimple6259 no, Catalans don't want Aragon at all, it is too Spanishised.

[@jsolloso]

@@jordi6795 Catalonia has never been a nation. That's a basic error.

[@jordi6795]

@@jsolloso for your information, that's not correct. I recommend you to not listen too much to the Spanish nationalist politician Isabel Díaz Ayuso, as she lacks of historical knowledge...

[@Riptionator]

Simon lives in America? Damn bro, did you let that one slip? Plenty of guys here would take you out for a drink knowing that. Keep up the great work.

[@joshuaescopete]

Would love a Megaprojects about America’s Imperialism in the Philippines. The history of the Philippines as an American territory is painfully glossed over more often than not.

[@kaltaron1284]

Possibly because the Americans redeemed themselves in the eyes of the Philippinos after taking over from the Japanese again. Lesser of two evil and all that. Also IIRC their rule wasn't as bad as others.

[@mmdirtyworkz]

South America too, Middle east...so much material..

[@joshuaescopete]

@@kaltaron1284 Tell that to the 200,000 Filipinos who died as a result of the Philippine-American War.

[@badluck5647]

It is a complex history. America did help the Philippines develop autonomy and democratic institutions with the final goal being independence of the nation. However, the American governorship was always condescending and often violent to the locals. The Philippines look fondly at the States, because they were treated much better than under the Spanish or Japanese.

[@SkunkApe407]

@@joshuaescopete yeah? What of the 500k that died under Japanese Occupation? American colonization of the Philippines was a direct result of the Spanish Empire selling the nation to the US. President McKinley implemented a policy of gradual independence for the Philippines because it was obvious to anyone with half a brain that the Philippines would have fallen apart otherwise. The sociopolitical climate of the nation was already a veritable tinderbox under Spanish rule. The US took the best availabe route in dealing with the utter shiteshow they had just aquired. But as usual, the people begging for our help started complaining as soon as it was convenient. I guarantee you that the Philippines would be singing a different tune today, had MacArthur not kept his promise to return. And that tune would be sung in Japanese.

[@ryand2529]

What about a video on the Sydney Opera house? I’ve been there, it’s pretty cool.

[@akshat.23]

Destruction of Nalanda library , like Alexandria's library would be an interesting topic.

[@KairuinKorea]

16:35 "War started in may 2021" huh.. interesting. I thought I'd have heard about that

[@guillensuarezmartinez713]

EL MISMO ESTIRAMIENTO VERBAL PARA EL MISMO CUERPO DEBILITADO.

[@SideWalkAstronomyNetherlands]

Dollar comes from Thaler, Valley, the Place where the Silver mine was...in Germany, in Dutch Daalder which the yanks understood as dollar, an originally Silver coin, from Germany... A thaler (/ˈtɑːlər/; also taler, from German: Taler) is one of the large silver coins minted in the states and territories of the Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy during the Early Modern period. A thaler size silver coin has a diameter of about 40 mm (1+1⁄2 in) and a weight of about 25 to 30 grams (roughly 1 ounce). The word is shortened from Joachimsthaler, the original thaler coin minted in Joachimstal, Bohemia, from 1518.

[@pozzowon]

Nice! TIL, that part didn't resonate with what little I knew, so thanks for the background on that What I did know and the writers probably meant was the famed $ sign, which was originally written as a P with a bar, symbolizing the Peso.

[@freesk8]

@@pozzowon I thought the $ sign came from a U superimposed by an S for US?

[@amrastheluckywoof5524]

I'm gonna take a guess and assume that a "talent" (some kind of coin) is a derivative from a "thaler". Language is pretty cool like that

[@dionh70]

@@amrastheluckywoof5524 "talent" as a monetary unit is far, far older, originating in the eastern Mediterranean and Near/Middle East.

[@dionh70]

I did know this, and was under the impression that it was widely known/understood as the origin of the word "dollar", so I was quite surprised to hear an incorrect assertion on this channel.

[@jackbushmate]

4:54 Treaty of Alcáçovas you read it like if it was alca-covas but phonetically it reads al-kä-sou-vaj. Portuguese here :)

[@bradleyadams4496]

I plan on doing so much archeology with my university of mesoamerican civilizations. I'm really interested in deciphering the Mayan calander, or better understanding some of their emojis! I think it would be really cool to post tweets of the astronomical allignments of the planets using Mayan hieroglyphs. Have to be productive on the land to keep it! It is all dependent upon the productivity of the land!

[@Magggneto]

Very interesting to hear what happened to Columbus after his notorious journey

[@marcbeebee6969]

Simon we want a megaprojects video about Nato. Peace

[@ahoraya1047]

The name given Vanvouver island was Quadra and Vancouver. And the Malaspina Glacier in Alaska has the name of an explorer working for the Spanish Crown

[@ElGrandoCaymano]

The name given to Vancouver Island is...Vancouver Island!

[@ahoraya1047]

@@ElGrandoCaymano No. The name given by Britain and Spain was Quadra and Vancouver island. Spain had a colony calked Nootka (San Lorenzo de Nutca). The Strait is still called Juan de Fuca, explorer at the service of Spain

[@FGPR01BrunoCauz]

The first germans, polish, czechs, flemish (belgians), swiss and maybe from other central european countries to set foot on continental mainland of New World was in 1529, so as to work as miners to search El Dorado in actual Venezuela . The leased colony by Emperor Charles V to the Augsburg banker family of Welser was called "Klein Venedig" and its capital Coro was named "Neu Augsburg", Maracaibo "Neu Nüremberg" and Cabimas o "Neu Ulm". Some expeditions inland departed from Coro and El Tocuyo (also given a german name as Tocuyothal) searching for El Dorado. "Klein Venedig" didn't last long though, this was due to both poor results and complaints from miners and locals, thus Emperor Charles V didn't renew the contract to the Welsers (bankers from Augsburg). Some very old and forgotten cemeteries in NW Venezuela may have some surnames still, no idea. This was at a time when the portuguese were still exploring lands which soon later became Brazil and the spanish just arriving to Cuzco and the River Plate. 🇩🇪🇻🇪 🤠👍 That's right the reasons of the Welser expeditions was to find Eldorado for that, they didn't make a culture legacy and now Maracaibo (The principal city than they created ) doesn't have nothing of germ an culture appart of the Tovar colony established in 1842. But in the Second World War with the germans emigration they build and reapairs so much of his old colonies these new villages start to buiding to equaty than in otrers countries like Peru, Brasil, Chile, Uruguay and Argentina that's when they finally make a legacy in that's countries (Culture legacy). sorry for the fails in the coment, my english is not very nice .

[@ianyoung1106]

I may be projecting, but I can not help but picture Simon’s children, all grown up and terrified by the idea of their father shaking his head and disapproving of their actions with a firm “My Dude!” 🤣. They do have full heads of hair though, so there’s that….

[@Asiago9]

Just wait till they discover Brain Blaze

[@batticusmanacleas510]

They have hair because he fed them exclusively with Keeps as children.

[@user-uw3fi2zg4t]

This sounded more serious than those "historians" that portray monsters

[@aritzmartinezrodriguez1825]

As an spaniard, I appreciated that it sounded pretty factual and objective instead of the way to common "the spaniards pretty much only raped women and sacked their gold for 300 years".

[@MrBounce66]

​@Aritz Martínez Rodríguez Well that is pretty much what they did in fairness.

[@gonzalomcampos]

@@MrBounce66how can you say that?

[@MrBounce66]

@Gonzalo Marquinez Kinda easily. As factually, that's what happened. They wiped out hundreds of thousands of the natives.

[@user-di9dm8on9q]

Fabulous.

[@Law0086]

Simon's gun jargon just keeps getting kookier by the video.

[@canaan5337]

I wasn't drinking rum, I was drinking tequila, which is also something that exists because of the Spanish Empire.

[@yankee2666]

Wow - alcoholism! Something to be proud of.

[@hobinrood710]

@@yankee2666 Alcoholism isn't a bad thing. We as humans actually are made to survive off alcohol, not water. In the past, water was horrible. Now, people are. One idiot ruined that for you and it's pretty sad.

[@caraculo897]

@@yankee2666 People around the world eat potatoes, chocolate, tomatoes or corn because the Spanish Empire. All of them are native american products introduced in Europe by Spain. And that isn't something to be proud of either, but is a fact.

[@williamdrijver4141]

Very interesting to see an empire rise & fall video. Especially with russia about to fall / fail.

[@kaltaron1284]

The Russian Empire fell over a century ago. One could argue that the Soviet Union was its successor and of course currently a certain someone is trying to rebuild it. We will see how it goes.

[@lunyteve]

"In may 2021". I had no idea it was so recent

[@Musicreach101]

I fell asleep listening to Simon and holy shit the dreams I was having!

[@ecmorgan69]

“Starting in May of 2021…” 🫢 Wut?

[@azolla_]

Had to go back and check that yeah, I did hear him correctly...

[@PitboyHarmony1]

Odd ... Where it started and finished as a timeline of the Spanish Empire from a macro perspective, we spent an inordinate amount of time in the micro weeds of the Tenochtitlan story, and Cortez's ego rampage through there. Tenochtitlan would make a good Geographics on its own, or Cortez would make a good Biographics video, but jamming it into the larger Spanish story is ... a bit odd.

[@hobinrood710]

Odd? or a part of it?

[@PitboyHarmony1]

@@hobinrood710 - thats just it, thats just one story of the Spanish Empire world wide and even in Central/South America, where there is a larger, over riding story. In this piece, a LOT of time hyper focuses on the Cortez/Tenochtitlan part of the story, even though the title is "The Rise and Fall of the Spanish Empire" So ya, its odd that we only get that part of it in detail.

[@aceundead4750]

I didnt realize a video, even a short summary, about the rise and fall of the Spanish empire could be kept under 30 minutes

[@yankee2666]

Now you know.

[@aceundead4750]

@@yankee2666 learning stuff with fact boy lol

[@ladymacbeth1980]

Charles V was the grandson of Maximilian I, not his son. His parents were Juana of Castille and Aragón and Phillip of Habsburg 19:04

[@dansaunders3972]

Can you do Gresley LNER A4 pacific Mallard the fastest steam locomotive in the world, she's a beast topping 126 MPH!!

[@fncfantv2006]

Beautiful too

[@FGPR01BrunoCauz]

Inflation was not the main problem, although it was a problem, of course. Spain reinvested 70% of America's wealth (80% in the 18th century), in America and the Philippines, to create a Western society: 2,000 stone cities, 28 universities, 25 colleges, thousands of hospitals and nursery schools, 130 cathedrals, 250 fortresses, bridges, ports, roads... 90% of Hispanic America speaks Spanish as their mother tongue. 99% speak Spanish. 85% Catholic. UK and Holland got rich. Spain no. But the Commonwealth is 10% native English speakers (in growing competition with China and India this century), less than 10% Christian. The United States was instrumental in saving the British legacy after WW2, as a second language, reintroduced. Spain spent almost the other 20-30% of the wealth on our NATO in Italy of 457 years, which filled Italy with universities, palaces, ports, baroque cities, controlling the Mediterranean... and in Europe's wars of religion, to save the Catholic religion and the legacy of Rome, in Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, France, Italy, South Germany, Palatinate, the Czech Republic, Austria... Wars of 1500-1700. Those were the two objectives of Spain. Hispanization-Romanization, and saving Catholic religion in Europe from luteranism and islam. With that double spending, which no empire had, inflation and bankruptcies were inevitable. Spain had 8 million inhabitants, and our enemies 60 million.

[@sandraleiva1633]

You should've put the Spanish and Portuguese empire together. The Iberian empire was bigger than the British Empire.

[@madjennie3417]

After every list of numbers of people I keep expecting to hear a rousing chorus of 'And A Partridge in a Pear Treeeeeee'

[@AbbStar1989]

It appears I can't get enough Simon in my life. He works hard and I find him entertaining and I respect that.

[@WhereRaul]

I'm glad you mentioned New Mexico as a Spanish speaking region

[@yankee2666]

Why?

[@JJorgullohispano]

Virreinato de Nueva España

[@RK-cj4oc]

Yeah no. It is american. Even if it is not written down in the US it is a english region. As all of the US is. Dont like it go move to a spanish speaking parts.

[@quisqueyanguy120]

@@RK-cj4oc New Mexico was founded before the very foundation of the thirteen colonies in 1610 by the Spanish Empire. New Mexico has its own version of Spanish, New Mexican Spanish that is different on its own from the other variants of Spanish just as American English is different from the English spoken by the British.

[@chinglee100]

@@RK-cj4oc sorry bro us Hispanics are taking over the US Southwest whether you like it or not lol 😂😂😂😂😂

[@DieNextInLINE]

"In 1492, Columbus got us a day off of skewl."

[@jonnunn4196]

Not mine. In the places I lived during childhood for most years it wasn't a school holiday and only banks and government offices were closed. Even before some states started to rename the holiday or alternatively eliminate as a state holiday entirely it was already one of the two least observed federal holidays.

[@leatherindian]

When will you do a show on the rise and fall of the American empire?

[@AceUzumazi]

Never, because American is not an empire.🤦‍♂

[@PhoenixNL72-DEGA-]

Keeps: Ordering pharmaseuticals over the internet. What could possibly go wrong??? 🤣😂🤣😂

[@charleyjr.iriarte7428]

To be honest, the Spanish were probably the most honest when it comes to recording the actual size of their empire. Their empire was the biggest in European history. But don't tell me that it is Britain who conquered Canada. That is fishy! Did they conquer polar bears and wolves and said that it is part of their territory? If so, Spain had America before anyone else so give them the credit. (From a European point of view, someone stole a toy from his big brother.) Regardless, millions of people died in the process. At one point, Brazil was under the Spanish Empire as well. I am not trying to patronize. It is just that when you read history in the U.S., it raises so many questions. It is like they are trying to erase Spain from their history books.

[@SealBreeze]

1:50-25:10

[@DimBeam1]

16:30 I must have missed that one.

[@alexanderelrod6253]

Hilarious promotion, Simon. Keeps should be quite pleased. "This is medicine and I live America."