These Strange Triangles Can Make You Lose Your Mind | Alien Ocean

[@OctopusLady]

Hey, friends! If you enjoyed this video, maybe possibly potentially consider supporting this channel and signing up for our Patreon: www.patreon.com/theoctopuslady And also, follow me on Twitter! twitter.com/theoctopuslady ❤️🦑🐙

[@mrEtuthian]

hi, what I found funny is that american accent prevents you from pronouning

[@mrosskne]

you're the best

[@Veldrusara]

Sooo... I collect stuffed octopuses and I had octopus for lunch yesterday and was talking about it to some people last night so I guess the powers that be heard me and here you were in mah recommended list. So hey! Yay Oktopoos laydee! 🐙🤎I won't eat ye, I promise! ... Subscreeb'd!

[@mnemosynevermont5524]

Much better video once I turned the sound off, otherwise Annoying AF.

[@hallowacko]

Real talk, we *have* to give up the idea of KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies, and just revert to clades. Maybe Genus and Species have some usefulness, but its totally understandable that the complex paper was discussing what the heck those even are. Its sensical for SOME animals, but like... Look up a ring species, and that californian lizard, sometime. Species might not even exist as a concept. And don't get my started on the Eukaryotic Family Tree. It will destroy your idea of a kingdom and a phylum, if you look into it. It's one of my favorite things to learn about, but this is why I am a Cladist. You just can't rank that stuff into 7 neat categories! Evolution didn't progress in chunks!

[@FromRussia_With_Love]

I had a friend in elementary school whose dad used to say "Your mother wasn't a glassmaker" when somebody stood between him and the television. In the case of diatoms, their mothers quite literally are glassmakers.

[@emzetkin1100]

Took me several seconds to figure out what this meant

[@nomethodonlymadness9528]

As someone with thalassophobia, your videos content is terrifying, but your presentation is so fun I can't stop watching them. Thank you for making facing my fears more fun!

[@PredictableEnigma]

Rest in peace, Klaus Kemp. He made BEAUTIFUL artistic arrangements using diatoms and a photographic microscope.

[@aurorechaton7604]

thank you SO much for putting this out there, this is so cool, I have no idea how I'd never heard of him.

[@AlexIsOffline]

I'm so in love with your content. And while that's *partly* attributed to my complete love of the ocean, your way of delivery, editing, and tremendous care and effort really makes your videos resonate with me. Since I have ADHD, I so easily zone out even when watching things I'm interested in, but you always have my unyielding attention! Side note, I'm so happy to see the how much the channel has grown in the past month!! You deserve it so much :D

[@doncarmack5132]

Everyone has adhd

[@planetxtraa]

@@doncarmack5132 what...

[@galaxyjam3742]

@@doncarmack5132 No, you probably just never got diagnosed, assumed you're the baseline, and in turn projected it onto everyone else

[@karen23826]

This! @octopuslady Love your videos! Love how entertaining they are, love how they dive down tangents and it’s ok! It makes me feel ok when I dive down off topic tangents and I thank you so much for that.

[@jackdog06]

As a computer science teacher, this was a bold choice for KZbin recommendations to throw at me, but I’ll be damned if this isn’t top tier marine microbiology content and I am HERE for it.

[@perhapsitsfunpop1071]

I think if I had to be encased in a frustule, I’d probably want it to be bouncy so i could just fall and bounce everywhere I wanted.

[@quantumblauthor7300]

this post was made by a mars rover

[@letstalkaboutbiology]

Oh man, the Krebs cycle was truly the bane of my cellular biology class! Really awesome video. I love that you so easily convey your excitement about the topic.

[@Kaotiqua]

Terrificly inspiring and educational! You connected a few dots I hadn't realized were supposed to be connected, thus clarifying the bigger picture! As for my frustule... I mean, it's pretty hard to argue with the frustule experts, amirite? So, glass for me. Bonus points for SHINY!

[@86davy]

What video did I accidentally click on and how did I go from confused to absolutely captivated without noticing? I’m subbing

[@M.Datura]

Thank you. I really needed to hear that line about many points of no return. Like, on a personal level. Thank you for being so positive, so hopeful, so searching, intrigued and excited about the things you talk about. I haven't watched all your videos yet, I'm making my way through them, because, you and Nautilus are helping me overcome my lifelong near existential dread stemming from the ocean, which I've lived near all my life (most of the year the Norwegian coast is not pictoresque, it's dark and cold and trecherous). Now you're apparently also helping with other types of existential dread. Thank you for that.

[@-yfm-]

The Eric andré set in the begining is just a gentle reminder of how cool your channel is.

[@Juneygal]

You are honestly so amazing! I found you just this morning and have pretty much binged your whole channel. Im excited to see the next things you come out with. Your new (self proclaimed) biggest fan

[@ferretyluv]

My mom and I fell in love with diatoms back in the 90s when National Geographic magazine had a special on them with a bunch of pictures.

[@Rompelstaump]

I love the way that you cover climate change. The way that you inspire respect for the environment and action against its destruction is incredibly unique

[@goatyman1687]

Always hype when you post

[@myco2408]

i haven’t had the chance to binge your vids yet but super stoked that this channel exists

[@TheStormey]

I just woke up and found your channel for the first time, awesome exclamation straight up awesome video! Thank you!❤❤

[@alexcarter8807]

Diatoms are indeed beautiful, and you can find them in any puddle. Dirty, slimy sort of places that have been that way for a while (like a puddle that's turning weird and green after a week or two) are often good places to look. And any ol' microscope can let you see them.

[@PsychadelicoDuck]

Hopefully I can answer a few of the questions that were still lingering after your research: -- My understanding is that the "molecular clock" is basically a fancy way of saying "assuming that organisms' molecules (e.g. but not limited to DNA etc.) change through random drift at a consistent rate, how similar are these two related molecules and thus when did their species diverge?". Someone check me on that. -- Glass shells would help protect against UV radiation because glass is opaque to those wavelengths. So a greenhouse would just be a blank wall to a creature who saw in UV light. Also, love the pronunciations. I read science Wikipedia articles to my mom for fun, and half the time I don't know what I'm saying either.

[@dyscotopia]

I'm glad that they trimmed out most of the vomiting seabird footage from the final cut of the Birds

[@mattyounce2486]

Encasing myself is definitely a different and strange way to address the question of the day, i can’t honestly think about what I’d make my frustule out of but tried to implement holographic things, not to mention literature and diamonds. This video with practical advice is a reassuring piece that is well done. Science expertly laid out for ye old consumer to digest.

[@CelAbration]

Ok I thought I loved tiny living things since I was a kid. But how did I miss THIS delightful rabbit hole? Wtf is with those awesome bodies and so many!!

[@jamesmiddleton8128]

Awesome, very refreshing, thnx! My frustule is made of apathy and broken dreams!

[@lizerdspherex]

There's a weird Spec-Bio project that has diatoms becoming the new plants, and it sucks. Most animals, mostly insects, have to migrate and breed based on what season it is as diatomic plants are as dangerous to be around as the gimpy gimpy plant. Also they propagate by means of viral spores.

[@RadicalMaddie]

Love this channel. Spreading the love!

[@sciencenerd7639]

So glad I found this channel!

[@fayertreijd919]

Man this channel is just plain adorable

[@non-human3072]

03:26 Wait what? They bio engineer their own silica glass shell! Wowsers that's amazing

[@jacobrobison4633]

Simply amazing video, love your wealth of knowledge and the personality of your presentation

[@peppermintgal4302]

So, if I understand correctly, (maybe a big if, but I like explaining things for... some reason,) a biomolecular clock is an inheritable molecule that mutates at a speed that is roughly consistent, at least, when measured out over long periods of time. You mostly just need to know what that mutation rate is. Then, you can count the number of mutations between two variants of a molecule, and with a little bit of math, you'll see roughly how long ago those two molecules shared a common molecular ancestor, which will tell you roughly how long ago the populations those two organisms probably diverged at. This works because of laws of large numbers, (the more times you roll a dice, the more the results are likely to reflect the actual chances involved,) you just need to identify what inheritable molecules are actually molecular clocks or not. For example, Emmanuel Margoliash wrote, (according to Wiki, full disclosure,) "....the cytochrome c of all mammals should be equally different from the cytochrome c of all birds. Since fish diverges from the main stem of vertebrate evolution earlier than either birds or mammals, the cytochrome c of both mammals and birds should be equally different from the cytochrome c of fish. Similarly, all vertebrate cytochrome c should be equally different from the yeast protein." This has yielded true. So, you can look at how many differences there are between a carp and any one of the following: a frog, turtle, chicken, rabbit, or horse, and the difference will be between 13 to 14%. If you do the same, but counting differences between a bacterium and any one of: a yeast, some wheat, a moth, a tuna fish, a pigeon, or a horse, and the number will be something between 64% to 69%.

[@numberpirate]

To make an educated guess about CO2 and diatoms: So the physiological pH inside of a cell is usually basic. Humans are pH 7.35-7.40, no idea what diatoms are. Now for Bicarbonate/carbonic acid to actually disassociate into water and CO2(as H2CO3 is nothing more than adding the elements in water and CO2), it has to have both protons(there are two) that make it acidic. So carbonic anhydrase usually will pull and store the extra protons gained from bicarbonate so that they do not acidify the inside of the cell and will use them later to adjust pH. The thing is, if there is an inorganic means of storing those protons/H+/Hydronium, it would mean being able to not produce as much carbonic anhydrase, which is a big protein that requires Zinc to function(at least in mammals), which means they would need to find enough zinc and enough amino acids to dedicate to it. Instead what it seems they have done is just use their shells as a proton dump saving on a huge amount of energy to make the carbonic anhydrase and the necessary proteins to sequester zinc(assuming there is conserved homology from 1 billion years ago) from the ocean. So its like using your house to store energy, vs constantly having to find it in order to keep the temperature at the proper level. This is just me thinking real hard as I haven't had a biochem class in 17 years.

[@hedgehog3180]

5:45 Glass just happens to be opaque to UV radiation, which is why you don't need to use sun block inside though it looks like that paper is talking about a different mechanism so this might not be helpful.

[@ignaciosolana7182]

Love your video, specially the posture about climate change and, of course, the valorization of this tiny organisms. I would reccomend the book 'Living earth', from Stephan Harding, who narrates in beautiful word the voyages of carbon, calcium and other elements, and shows the importance of them to our planet. Greetings from Chile! / Saludos desde Chile!

[@TheSchematican]

You are funnyyyy, and charmingly educational! New subscriber!

[@hedgehog3180]

One weird thing about diatoms is that they look super similar to a type of breakfast bun popular in Denmark. To the point where it can høbe hard to figure out which you are looking at.

[@camelionpen]

Climate doomerism, climate apathy and blind hope exist to stop political action against polluting industries. What matters so stuff gets better is that we organise a better world on the individual, local and collective level. As an individual, you can go on a plant-based diet, change to cycling, insulate your home, use renewables and not fly. Locally, you can create and support community supported agriculture and agricultural cooperatives, ride share, create housing cooperatives according to the Passivhaus standard, and sabotage polluting industries. Collectively, you can join progressive, democratic socialist parties and left-wing labour unions and participate in the global climate movement.

[@samdemel4126]

11:48 America: time to farm these small things

[@JuzALilGayBean]

OIL!!!

[@Zeuspwns]

I feel that there is a ridiculous rabbit hole you can go down with this, thanks for sharing this with us mortal beings.

[@ILoveEvadingTax]

2:49 total tangent here but always makes me laugh when i remember that barnacles are crustaceans. what the hell happened there

[@bowenmadden6122]

I researched diatoms for my cell biology finals and a few sources claimed that they used their frustules to focus light onto the chloroplasts, kinda like a lens for boosting photosynthesis?? Not sure exactly how they figured that out, though! As for how they use it to control buoyancy, I always imagined it was because most plankton float naturally, but the frustule might cause them to sink naturally, instead. When they choose to retain gasses in their bodies, they'd float, but when they "exhale" they sink, just like us but as single cells. I think. 🤔

[@ianscheid5032]

wow, thanks for that. Im impressed with your channel

[@EnigmaticSupernova]

I really liked this! I don't know if you saw my post online about diatom's recently because it was right about when you did this. I'd like to know what papers you are trying to read. I could probably explain some stuff. I'm not perfect but I do know certain things.

[@cameronlevin299]

Congratulations Octopus lady!!! I’m so happy for you!

[@babygorilla4233]

Wow these little guys must be the inspiration for the crystalline entity in star trek.

[@Roxanna_Lux]

What a nice little octopus ☺️

[@HansLemurson]

Chert: Your glass houses now ARE the stone!

[@the_hanged_clown]

crush the fruschca... crush the subsca... subscribed!

[@Dewey_the_25U]

I'd make mine form in such A way that when I die and my Frustule is the only thing left... You can see pretty rainbows if you strung it up and put it infront of the window or a light of some kind.

[@jamesdriscoll_tmp1515]

My favorite frustules have non linear optical properties. If I had a frustule, I would give it as gifts to my children, and grow another.

[@SandJosieph]

WoRMS was SO close to be a great acronym if it had just been "World of Registered Marine Species". X_X

[@dylanromansky7228]

I love your videos and I love sharing them, if luck permits ill keep sharing

[@all3ykat79]

You are very good. I hope you get a tonne more subscribers soon.

[@liquighost7988]

I think a frustule made of Flerovium would be great, just to hear people try and say it coherantly.

[@khmnc]

10:32 if you had to learn it twice, that means you failed to learn it the first time, there by justifying putting you though it a second time

[@originsdecoded3508]

They look like sacred geometry cymatic sound wave patterns. They ressemble more pieces of tech, then it does life forms. very interesting

[@thehamofficialart]

my frustule would be made of burt's beeswax so I would be eternally moisturized and minty

[@totesmcpreesh7617]

I was like “that looks like a diatom” Have you heard the diatom song?!

[@qwertyrhoads9295]

Encasing yourself in glass sounds fun.

[@melissatrible4214]

Lemme see if I can explain molecular clocks to you. Basically, mutations tend to happen at predictable rates, at least in certain parts of the genome. So, if you have two organisms, and you know approximately the rate that a given gene (or stretch of non-coding DNA that we can treat like a gene) tends to mutate, then if you look at how different the two organisms are in terms of that gene, you can make a pretty good guess of how recently they had the same gene in that spot. Which, in turn, tells you how long ago they (probably) had a single common ancestor. As with radiometric dating, you need to pick the right gene to get a good range (something that mutates quickly will give bad numbers over a too-long timespan, something that mutates too slowly won't give enough change over a short timespan), but if you know what you're doing (and, as with radiometric dating, there are various ways they can cross-calibrate things), you can get a fairly reliable number for "this first became its own thing around this time". Does that help?...

[@PokeJoshUnboxings]

If I had a frustule it would probably be made out of honey so it looks like I’m evaded in amber 😂

[@jimbeam7636]

Annnnnnd back after watching the other ones

[@hogey989]

Welp, Frustule is my new favourite word, and i'm gonna have to find a way to put it into conversation.

[@marti5420]

aw, you are a very clever octopus

[@gabrielwolffe]

I've always found diatoms fascinating for being one of the only organisms on earth that uses silicon as a major component of its biology, especially since silicon is seemingly so much more abundant than carbon. This causes me to be curious though about why, especially if it, as you say, costs them less energy than building a cellulose frame like all the other plants (especially the ones sit immersed in silica all day). Also, where are they getting the silicon in the middle of the ocean? Shouldn't silica sink to the bottom? Is brought back up from the seafloor by currents, or is it just dissolved in the seawater? More than carbon? I remember reading somewhere that they apparently use sodium silicate (the same stuff we make pottery glaze from) to build their frustules by turning them into "silicon monomers" and the instant I saw that word, I started wondering if we could engineer them to produce silicone rubbers, plastics, and lubricants biologically rather than using industrial chemical plants. I figured it would be better for the environment, since siloxane polymers aren't as bioactive as hydrocarbons, decaying back into silica eventually, and presumably you could engineer similar diatoms to recycle them.

[@ppgang9151]

amazing way to teach

[@conquestanddeath4406]

I would make my frustule out of my own nightmares because I hate myself and deserve to die alone and hating myself.

[@Awesomekraken677]

I would make my frustual out of THE BONES OF MY ENEMIES

[@katherinel8661]

My frustule is going to be more of a caddis fly look. Anything that I see and like is going into the shell hoard.

[@Pinerocket]

i love you octolady

[@EliasMheart]

10:33 sounds like you had to memorize it twice, because you forgot the first time ;P

[@MIDTtwo]

this videos are great

[@ProfMannion]

Joke's on you triangle I already lost my mind.

[@thatunconsciousguy9306]

I'd make my frustule out of pizza and call it a mellowtule.

[@VS-kf5qw]

I love the diatom content AND the climate change rallying cry. In fact, learning about phytoplankton was the very thing that pushed me towards feeling more hopeful about the future. I think people underestimate the power of small, non-sentient organisms because of how long it takes them to change the planet, but in doing so they miss out on a lot of perspective. Algae - and terrestrial plants - came far, far closer to annihilating all life on this planet than anything humans can dream of. And learning that is actually quite empowering I think. We're not bailing buckets on a sinking boat - we've just got a difficult but fully feasible repair job on our hands.

[@Fenrir_Firestar]

Beskar, This is the way

[@BrandyIsadora]

Silica is not glass. Glass is made of melted silica, but that does not make scilica glass. That’s like calling water, ice

[@SirFloofy001]

Molecular clock, you look at a species evolutions and DNA, you then look at a similar species that you have a much better understanding of its evolution and you compare the timeframe that you know it took for the second species to evolve to the timeframe where you found the fossil for the first species. While some species will evolve faster then others generally speaking similar species existing in similar spans of time and similar environments can be expected to evolve in roughly the same timeframe.

[@Michael-ls8lo]

Diamond spiked frustule.

[@iancowan3527]

That's those things on the backs of one dollar bills!

[@LueLucifer]

Wait so Plankton from SpongeBob is still helping the earth while still being evil 😂

[@venheartzeil3070]

That’s mad frustules

[@lilly3486]

All bio students have Kreb’s Cycle induced trauma

[@Slade0120]

Lovecraft would be proud.

[@gratziind]

I would probably pick pyrex for my frustule 😊 or even better, 💎

[@serasniketa9128]

You’re pronouncing everything perfectly 😂

[@rodneybever9583]

Thank you. We need hope, not doom and gloom.

[@arcadecaptainYT]

Big Frustule Energy

[@ButtaDawg6969]

I had no idea this shit was so important.

[@pulvenberg1709]

Glass, also. And join the diatoms. I'd want to photosynthesize.

[@nicolasadornetto5428]

0:00 Eric andre show reference

[@stekra3159]

k I'd want to have a frustle made of hard lemon candy

[@gorillaguerillaDK]

Of course the planet will survive - but humans, that’s a very different question!

[@Ender_random]

Hey octopus lady why in the last video when you got beat up by the mantis shrimp why did you have a bone popping out of your tentacle even tho octopuses have no bones

[@tylerbremer6696]

Logically speaking wouldn't that make the atmosphere a frustual?

[@sunnyquinn3888]

If news of these "hallucinatory diatoms" reaches the Tik Tok crowd, we're gonna have a new Benadryl Challenge.

[@kokroucz]

As a complete amateur but a person who researched the entirety of journey to the microcosmos I'm 100% sure that's a diatom though I didnt see this one before Hank does great teacher job. They're glassy shells are very distinctive.

[@objective_psychology]

Extremely based ending

[@ikengaspirit3063]

13:20 Okay, wrong and annoying misinforamtion. While the Sahara has never gotten fully green much of the areas those diatoms blow from do get green or just straight up flooded during green sahara periods but the Amazon has NEVER just strunk to nothing because of that. So no, dust from the Sahara isn't the reason the Amazon exists, tho it may help a bit.

[@bootlegmozart]

comments are good for the youtube algorithm.