The Last Things (Aquinas 101)

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It is the overflow of grace from the soul to the body that will make the bodies of the saints so gloriously splendorous.
“But our commonwealth is in heaven, and from it we await a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, who will change our lowly body to be like His glorious body, by the power which enables Him even to subject all things to Himself.” (Philippians 3)
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The Last Things (Aquinas 101) - Fr. James Brent, O.P.
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Aquinas 101 is a project of the Thomistic Institute that seeks to promote Catholic truth through short, engaging video lessons. You can browse earlier videos at your own pace or enroll in one of our FREE Aquinas 101 courses on St. Thomas Aquinas and his masterwork, the Summa theologiae. In these courses, you'll learn from expert scientists, philosophers, and theologians-including Dominican friars from the Province of St. Joseph. Enroll today at go.thomisticin.... And don’t forget to like and share with your friends, because it matters what you think!
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[@rev.fr.spyridonchiones3963]

Excellent ! St Thomas is a great saint ! What a pity ! We don't have such a great theologian in the East.

[@ThePabler6]

You don't have to care about that, knowledge is ahead of geography, knowledge is universal

[@anahata3478]

Origen? Gregory of Nyssa? The orthodox tradition has just as much beauty as the catholic tradition has.

[@thelogosproject7]

I’m a Roman Catholic and your comment makes me want to apologize to eastern Catholics. The East most definitely has theologians of the caliber of Aquinas. Please think before commenting nonsense.

[@georgepimentel161]

St. Thomas had a eureka moment and stepped back to see the unfathomable. When I visited a whale exhibit at a science center, my friends and I spent several minutes looking for the full sized blue whale, only to be frustrated in a vain effort to see it, until I noticed what I was leaning against, and when I stepped back far enough it became clear. How small we are.

[@karangRN]

Glory to God and praise to the Lord Jesus Christ!

[@ThomisticInstitute]

Indeed! Thanks for taking the time to watch and comment. May the Lord bless you!

[@LauraPerez-kr8bn]

I love this video it's like music to the soul. If all this is true, indeed it pays off to be a good human on this earth. I love this chanel. ❤😊✌️🥰

[@kristindreko3194]

Thank you Aquinas 101, may God bless you!

[@superdavidss]

This lecture is so beautiful. God bless you. Viva Cristo Rey!

[@ThomisticInstitute]

Thanks for watching! May the Lord bless you!

[@danielbroache]

Viva!

[@steveguns9326]

Gentlemen, Aquinas 101 has been a fantastic series. I enjoyed and leveraged all of the media - the videos, the text and the podcasts. It has been a great opportunity to get to know the works of St. Thomas better and a wonderful introduction to his work. I have ordered a complete set of the Summa and look forward to learning more. Your work has prepared me well for this next step. Thanks again and keep up your good work!

[@ThomisticInstitute]

Glad to be of service to you. May the Lord bless you!

[@garancejaquet5369]

In his last years after his mystical experience, Thomas wrote the Shorter Summa for non-theologians! It's just one volume. Clear, concise, awesome.

[@rogerboadaqueralt6272]

That was excellent - so clear and helpful. Thank you for yet another great video!

[@ThomisticInstitute]

Our pleasure -- we're glad it was helpful! May the Lord bless you!

[@maryjohnstone4777]

A great video,very informative,speaking of purgatory ,I better get praying? Thanks Fr

[@edinnm8212]

Such a good and thorough explanation of the Last Things. Thank you Father James, and everyone at the Thomistic Institute!

[@maryjohnstone4777]

So thankful to have watched this video, slightly un- nerving too,not too mad about idea of being purged of sin? Will need to work on that,while still here!

[@robertrepkesr2449]

Excellent summary of the Last Things

[@ThomisticInstitute]

Thank you!

[@primaveralily3453]

Thank you 😊

[@ThomisticInstitute]

You are welcome!

[@c_h_r_i_s_t_c_o_r_e]

Fr James, you mentioned at the end every act of love and repentance we have made will shine forth in our bodys in heaven, is there some more reading i could do on this?

[@maryjohnstone4777]

That's quite a video and thanks ! I worry about Purgatory ,what it's like n is it physical/ pain?

[@williambrewer]

Does the Catholic Church believe that the resurrection of the righteous began in 70 AD with the coming of Christ that happened back in the first century (Matt 24, Rev, I & 2 Thes, etc)?

[@maryjohnstone4777]

The thought of purgatory,burdens me? However thanks for a clearly informative video!

[@markmenotti203]

Mary, I view Purgatory as God's great mercy being extended once again, since nothing unholy or unclean may enter Heaven.

[@tradcatholicloyaltorome727]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/b6TMdqSBlLeNg5I

[@L1011MD11]

Is the Transfigured Christ during the Transfiguration considered a "Glorified Body?" Will a glorified body restore the preternatural graces that our first parents lost in the original sin?

[@leonarduskarolusiuliustant7498]

I guess the answer to both questions is yes.

[@MountAthosandAquinas]

Answer to both questions is yes. Except, we will have abundantly more than Adam and Eve had. “Where sin abounded, Grace abounded MORE.”

[@AmericanGuy7654]

If God, and presumably heaven, exist outside of time what would a three-dimensional resurrected body even be like? How can a body that moves exist outside of time?

[@L1011MD11]

@Dave Dice Time is a measurement of change. Eternity is unchanging, it is always "present." There will always be light and the source of light is God.

[@MountAthosandAquinas]

Great question John. When it comes to the word “eternity” in the truest since, God alone is eternal and outside of space and time. Man and angels exist within a point in time with a beginning of days. Now, time is not measured only by the change of material elements (such as temperature or rotation of the earth) but also by immaterial elements (thoughts, knowledge). In short, change is an actualization of a potential. In this sense, God is the only Pure Eternal One. Since He alone “changes not.” Hence, “I AM.” That is, the never changing One. He has no potentials to be actualized. No increase in knowledge, no movement in space. No beginning of days or end of days. He is His own eternalness. Omnipresent and omnipotent and omniscient. When we, as creatures, participate in eternity, we still will not be omnipresent or omniscient or omnipotent. This kind of participation in eternity is called by the scholastics “Aevum.” Or “Aeveternity.” Simply put, as long as we are United with the body we experience a chronological flux of time. Apart from the body, the movements of the soul still happen but not continuously in Aveum. For the soul can fluctuate in its affections and decisions which is a kind of “change” from before to after. And in this sense, even Aeveternity is a kind of spiritual substance time. Now, when the soul is reunited to the Body in the resurrection, time itself will also enter into eternity. “I saw a New Heaven and a New Earth.” Now this new “earth” will still have chronological time in the sense of movement. But not in the sense of decay. For death and decay are a measurement of time. “Oh death where is your sting?” So man will truly participate in Gods eternity, but is still not “eternal” in the strictest sense of the word. “The Holy One of Israel who alone inhabits eternity.” Perhaps I said too much for what you asked.

[@AmericanGuy7654]

@@MountAthosandAquinas no this is a great answer, and it definitely will prod me to do some research. It’s always thought provoking whenever I consider God and eternity (or eternity in general). Another weird question I always think about is if we commemorate all unknown saints on All Saints Day, are we/can we also commemorate future saints who in sense are in heaven outside time as we know it but have not yet come to be in our “timeline” so to speak? But thanks again for taking the time to answer my question! (Edit: I guess that can’t work since for instance if we went to heaven we both couldn’t be there now and alive on earth at the same time, and for the reasons you explained.)

[@d.o.7784]

If you could only add the biblical references to these statements.

[@countfleet2976]

I would disagree that it was Aquinas' practice of theology that allowed him to enjoy the light of God in a purer way and pose that it was rather God's Will that he had mystical experiences since they are never earned and always a gift.

[@matt6223]

They'd have to be earned a little bit don't you think? God never grants mystical visions to Satanists or the blasphemous

[@intellectualreasoning6512]

Thomistic Intitute, May you please give me the stance of Aquinas on the subject of Sexual Ethics, or more definitively, the subject of Homosexuality? I have looked into many secular as well as Christian sources but could not find a citation or direct quote from Aquinas, therefore I wanted to ask you.

[@MountAthosandAquinas]

I’d be happy to share a quote from Thomas. But it is VERY lengthy for him to explain. He is speaking of the context of marriage. When I’ve tried to paste lengthy quotes KZbin doesn’t permit. I can give you the principles involved? Or feel free to read Summa Contra Gentiles, Book 3, chapter 122

[@intellectualreasoning6512]

@@MountAthosandAquinas Thank you sir, I shall read that part of the Summa. But I would still Appreciate your insight as well, you can post it If you please.

[@MountAthosandAquinas]

@@intellectualreasoning6512 sure. So everything that exists exist for ends. The end of teeth is to chew food. The end of Reason is to orient our lives rightly. In so far as what exists is oriented rightly to its proper use it is “good.” When something is oriented towards its improper use it is “evil.” If someone uses teeth to chew a rock which serves not its end, and in the process breaks their teeth they have done evil. If someone uses the Reason to destroy society rather than lift it up then their reason is “askewed.” The same thing for the penis. Unlike other bodily fluids the penis sends forth a fluid that is capable of creating life. Therefore, it’s proper use is the procreation of life. Even though pleasure comes with the experience, it nevertheless is accidental to it. Meaning, the aim of the act should not be the pleasure alone but the openness to life. This life is only possible by the Union of male and female. In fact, the word “Sex” came from the word “dissect” because the very act of sex distinguishes the male and the female in the most intimate way. The female being the receiver of the seed as the soil receives the seed. And the male being the giver of the seed. Both cooperating together in the act that specifically shows their distinction (dissection, or separation). Male with male or female with female is against nature, natural reason, and is intrinsically disordered. In the most basic terms, you don’t stick a fork in the microwave because it’s not meant to be there.

[@ThomasDeLello]

@@MountAthosandAquinas Does CINO Joe Biden understand this...?

[@anahata3478]

The christian arguments against homosexuality and different gender identities is incredibly weak and based on varying degrees of unscientific essentialism

[@catholicdisciple3232]

So we retain our gender in Heaven (on the renewed Earth after the final/general judgement)? Why do we need this since we no longer will be engaging in sexual intimacy?

[@apeture_explorer4810]

To glorify the lord in the manner that the male and female qualities of humans do. The same way a woman while not reproducing glorifies God with faith in her heart on this earth, and just the same for a man of God too.

[@brianw.5230]

I feel like Catholic clergy don't talk about Hell anymore. But, Jesus did :)

[@cristopher.ah.]

There are plenty of writings in the work of Thomas Aquinas and in the work os Neo-Thomist philosophers such as Eleonore Stump 👐

[@anahata3478]

Yes he did. And like all jews of his time he didn't believe in a place of eternal torment. The modern notion of hell was a minority-position until the fifth century, when it was introduced for political gains.

[@anahata3478]

If we keep our biological sex in heaven it doesn't really sound like a place of bliss for me ... This video just made me depressed. :-(

[@joespeciale5875]

Not so: Aquinas says elsewhere “Sexus non est in anima:” “Sex is not in the soul.” The defective sexual aspects of this life are terminated. See Mt. 22:23-30.

[@anahata3478]

@@joespeciale5875 What do you mean by defective sexual aspects? Do you mean that i'm without a gender or just, that my body is without biological sex? I really hope so.

[@thefloweriwishiwere1026]

Catholics, most christians in general, are wrong on this. I'm a transwoman. I prayed so much to Jesus to free me from it, but it made me more and more depressed until i had a deep experience with God. You are valid. I don't know if you are a transman or -woman or an enbie, but God loves you and he created you like you are. Much love to you ❤️✝️❤️