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Born in Oakland California in the fall of 1966, Armstrong was friends since childhood with Matt Freeman, and as teenagers the two became converts to punk rock after seeing the Clash open for the Who in Oakland in 1982. Armstrong and Freeman were also deeply influenced by the British ska revival of the 80s, which had a major impact in California, and in 1987 they formed the influential ska punk band Operation Ivy. While the group lasted a bit less than two years and only released one single and one album, their revved up fusion of punk and Jamaican sounds made them kings at Northern California's fabled all aged club 924 Gilman Street. Internal friction caused Operation Ivy to break up in 1989, and an attempt by Armstrong and Freeman to put together a new band Downfall, fell apart after a mere three shows in late 1989. Armstrong developed a serious drinking problem, while Freeman started playing bass for veteran anarchist punks MDC. But in 1991, a newly sober Armstrong and his friend Freeman gave launching a band another try, recruiting drummer Brett Reed and later guitarist Lars Frederiksen to form Rancid. While Rancid's 1993 debut album, released by California indie punk label Epitaph Records, won little notice outside the Bay Area, their second LP 1994's titled Let's Go, earned them a massive reputation in punk circles, especially after they were accorded next big thing status by A&R men following the commercial breakthrough of their Epitaph labelmates the Offspring. However to the surprise of many, Rancid turned down seven figure offers from several major labels in favor of the free creative atmosphere at Epitaph, and their next two albums in 1995 And Out Come the Wolves, and 1998's Life Won't Wait were both major commercial and critical successes.
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