Turning Forks into Mutagenic Crystals

[@eatenkate]

Sitting here contemplating whether it would be even more impressive if someone managed to turn potassium dichromate into a 20 forks.

[@elitearbor]

He probably tried, but had them precipitate out as spoons by accident. 😅

[@Mati-285]

@@elitearbor Yeah, it's definitely possible to precipitate forks from a solution of K2Cr2O7, but it requires a stoichiometric amount of reagent-grade wishful thinking. If you use the wrong amount of wishful thinking, then you get spoons or other undesired products. 🤪

[@paulperry7091]

As a child in the early 1960s I used potassium dichromate for DIY pyrotechnics, Fifty years later I got bladder cancer - a common result from exposure to hexavalent chromium, Fortunately, caught early (I was pissing blood) and operated on quickly, a success. Not everyone is this lucky.

[@sumwanelz6150]

I remember a class demonstration in elementary school (mid 70s) of a papier-mâché volcano, the "magma" was a heaping orange spoonful of potassium dichromate set ablaze with a burning magnesium strip. The sparks were wonderful and the crunk that flowed forth was "realistic" (lol?) but what I remember most was the horrible dark acrid cloud that filled the classroom. Now I watch KZbin. I'm not sure what the lesson is here.

[@MichaelLeeOne]

I worked at a hazardous waste recycling plant for 5 years, and our main task was to take in waste chromic acid and treat it to turn it into trivalent chrome filter cake. I have seen more of that orange stuff than I ever wanted to, lol.

[@dimaminiailo3723]

what did you do with the cake afterwards?

[@MichaelLeeOne]

@@dimaminiailo3723 We dried it, bagged it, and sold it to steel foundries. When we got through, it was mostly nickel and chrome.

[@geekswithfeet9137]

If it’s orange you’re fine, that chromic green I am ashamed to know how it tastes (because I have had poor lab safety in the past and bite my finger nails)

[@dimaminiailo3723]

@@MichaelLeeOne interesting. I for some reason thought that you made fresh potassium dichromate from it

[@domvasta]

as a fellow amateur chemist, I find it super weird that you consider sulfuric acid to be wasteable on such a project, while considering hydrochloric acid precious. In Australia, HCl is sold by the bucketload to consumers at a reasonable price, ~$5-10/L while sulfuric acid is a pain to get, I bought a 5L jug of it a few years back for ~$80, so $16/L, but now it's basically impossible to get unless it's dilute battery acid, which is ~$20-30/L so for concentrated, it would work out to $60-90/L, presumably because of potential fears of misuse.

[@g-radical349]

Where in Aus are ya? I'm in Melbs, and Iget 98% H2SO4 from a local chemical cleaning supplier super easy. I think its $60 for 5L where I get it from. But yeh lol gotta love the $20 5L bottles of bunnings HCl haha.

[@RonaldDonald-m7v]

​@@FilipMikulic-u7dcool but that just bolsters OPs point

[@dominomon7117]

in Europe, or more precisely in Poland, you have to fill out a declaration of use of such things as strong acids, and if he wrote that he wants to use such an acid to create highly carcinogenic, toxic, and lethal chemicals, they certainly will not sell him such things, and if he lied in the declaration (I do not know, to create simple reactions) during a possible inspection could impose on him a large financial penalty or even imprisonment

[@superslimanoniem4712]

​@dominomon7117 it's probably not illegal to do this and the declaration is afaik for if you're making explosives or drugs...

[@dominomon7117]

​@@superslimanoniem4712 but still if someone starts looking at the declarations and there would be written such things, well it can be unpleasant for seller (why he sold chemicals for make toxic stuff) and the buyer (why he needs such toxic stuff)

[@BentFraKommunen]

28:30 Forbidden doritos dust

[@BricktowneMedia]

lol dangit! You beat me to it!

[@gutschke]

Just wait until you see the (in)famous ammonium dichromate volcano experiment. It spills dust everywhere. Looks pretty though, if you can ignore the potential health hazards. My high school chemistry would regularly set off giant piles of it on the table top. Back then, there wasn't really much awareness of safety protocols. I am glad we have moved on.

[@Earthdemon1]

I was thinking more along the lines of Forbidden Cheetos, but good one lol

[@RicoElectrico]

14:02 looks like toxic waste from pits in portal 1

[@aeriumsoft]

looks like poorly mixed cup-a-soup to me💀

[@Delete_85]

reduce, reuse, release the mantis people

[@CubicApocalypse128]

13:44 is the HL2 version, but it's hardly complete without a Freeman riding an airboat through it

[@chemicalmaster3267]

@Amateur Chemistry Good to see you liked one my suggestions for a video!😊 Also I would like to say there´s a better way to convert the chromium(III) hydroxide present in the chromium and iron sludge into potassium dichromate: 1 - instead of calcium hypochlorite, use sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide to make sodium chromate 2 Cr(OH)3 + 4 NaOH + 3 H2O2 = 2 Na2CrO4 + 8 H2O 2 - After that, you can purify and separate the chromate from sulfate ions by precipitating them as calcium sulfate 3 - After filtering and washing also the chromate from the calcium sulfate, add a solution of a soluble barium or lead salt to precipitate yellow and insoluble barium or lead chromate 4 - After cleaning and drying the precipitate, it can be converted into potassium chromate by first reacting it with a stoichiometric amount of sulfuric acid to convert the barium / lead chromate into barium / lead sulfate and after filtering and washing the precipitate until the filtrate is colorless, just react the filtrate with potassium hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate to make potassium chromate (PbCrO4 / BaCrO4) + H2SO4 = (PbSO4 / BaSO4) + H2CrO4 H2CrO4 + (2 KOH / K2CO3 / 2 KHCO3) = K2CrO4 + water (and carbon dioxide if carbonate or bicarbonate was used) 5 - Finally, instead of sulfuric acid, acetic acid can be used to convert the potassium chromate into potassium dichromate since potassium acetate is way more soluble than potassium sulfate, which will help you obtain more potassium dichromate and of higher purity.

[@Moritz___]

Uhh great process for someone who can get h2o2 but us eu chemists can only legally own 12 or so percent h2o2 and that to unreasonable prices(more often just 3%) wich would make it rather costly and a way to huge volume on that scale

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

@chemicalmaster3267 Thank you very much for all this useful advice, if I will ever make dichromates again I will sure use it :)

[@chemicalmaster3267]

@@Amateur.Chemistry I have also heard that calcium chromate is like calcium acetate because it´s solubility decreases as the temperature of the solution increases. So, if I´m not mistaking anything, it has inverse or retrograde solubility.

[@GerManBearPig]

Pro tip: you can buy concentrated hydrogen peroxide in Form of sodium percarbonate (laundry whitener)

[@yugbe]

Nothing like taking your time to cook up 109g of super toxic, cancer causing, crazy beautiful substances. Awesome work, please take care!

[@minhmc2828]

0:12 Bro cosplayed breaking bad with that blue crystals 💀

[@popescucristian8978]

21:58 internal screaming from seeing yellow chemistry

[@DudeManDude-ot5fv]

Omega fork isn't real, it can't hurt you. 3:52 *confused screaming*

[@Supermunch2000]

Today I learned that polish water bottles are chemistry instruments!

[@nunyabisnass1141]

And the EU is stupid.

[@ChaosPootato]

Seeing you drill into the beaker reminded me of Nilered's similar "There was an error" moment

[@ae-bd5gr]

Very cool project, what i envy most is that you consider your sulfuric acid disposable 😂😂

[@Draczeqq]

"Stupid European Union caps" XDDD ziomek kocham cię

[@aeriumsoft]

niech żyje Polska

[@sydnerd]

article description of a fork "no smell" just so funny

[@dracrichards5785]

I really liked this video man. And I really enjoyed the longer length video this time. You should do more longer videos m8

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Thanks! Making videos this long is really challenging and drains what's left of my soul but it's nice to see that people enjoy them :)

[@jonathanaguilar-ju2du]

this channel has helped me learn so much. I now am able to follow some of your calculations and understand some of them! please never change your content style! please! you do such a good job and seem very knowledgeable in your profession, and I think youre also really funny

[@humaninapot]

12:50 did no one see the little dude crawling across the table🥶

[@Nachos-sk7od]

12:05 Jesse, we need to cook!

[@LegoTechnicsRule]

Dichromate is no joke. It will fork you up.

[@jurek54]

You are developing perfectly !!!

[@jtcustomknives]

You had me at “fork juice” lol

[@levisantos2465]

thanks for making a vídeo about shiny metallic chromium and stainless steel, something thats so interesting to me for some reason. waiting for polands nilered CrO2Cl2 !

[@JTCF]

11:30 I am starting to have flashbacks to NileRed's cleanup videos...

[@jimbainianmonkey182]

This cheto dust slaps!

[@thereal757_ap]

That's a forking good use of cheap forks

[@DaftyBoi412]

Mhhmm forbidden chocolate cake!

[@BionicleFreek99]

Why does EVERYTHING in this video look so delicious?

[@HimitsuYami]

19:55 forbidden chocolate

[@JustAnInnocentLamb]

Underrated AF. Hundreds of my favorite kind of NileRed content, but by amateur chemistry.

[@RossRadford]

Looks very pretty through the screen. I can only imagine what it looks like in person. I might never know because I will not be making it any time soon, if ever!

[@Emmanuel99966]

This is my favorite chemistry channel. keep it up :)

[@g-radical349]

Hahah hell yeh. I'm a chemistry nerd (by hobby) and taxidermy artist (by profession), and do this every couple of years with all my used scalpel blades. Gotta love that evil orange chromate!! I usually keep half as chromate and reduce the other half to chromium 3 to make chrome alum :P

[@RossRadford]

What do you use those for? Maybe for tanning or preservation?

[@g-radical349]

@@RossRadford I use a LOT of scalpels for skinning and preparation work. Probably go through 100+ blades per month, and all my used blades go into sharps disposal containers. Once I've got all 3 of them mostly filled, its chemistry time haha. I used the chromium and iron extracted from them to grow a bunch of different types of crystals.

[@philouzlouis2042]

Hi Amateur Chemistry nice video, although you decided to use pool chlorine instead of common Na bleach. In fact CaCrO4 can be used to concentrate and precipitate CaCrO4 from Na2CrO4 solution. CaCrO4 display the rare ability to decrease its solubility more when hot (thus being less soluble then while most salts usually increase when hot what allows for concentration and cristallization when cooling thus isolation - ence it is filtrated hot to maximise filtration yield). I have seen another video on YT using HCl to lead to complete dissolution into FeCl2, CrCl3 and NiCl2; then they used Na bleach (NaOCl -NaOH solution) and it works like a charm to oxydise the Cr(3+) into CrO4(2-) (Cr(6+)). They used NaOH solution to first precipitate Fe(OH)2 (and traces of Fe(OH)3) then Cr(OH)3 and Ni(OH)2 (I of course take stainless steel containing Nickel too (because even more handy) and my coutellery (or cook pots or stainless kitchen-table tools) are of course much cheaper than yours because living in a big city (thus often found in trashes-garbages (for 0 € or $) or in second hand stores for a modic second hand price or into garage sales and into flea markets; and of course characterized by their engraved numbers "stainless steel 18/10" for example. I favour that to recollect nickel too what I can recollect from Euro coins. Once oxydized by NaOCl-NaOH (this last ingredient is for stabilisation of the hypochlorite) it delivers NaCl, Fe2O3, Na2CrO4 and NiO or Ni2O3; from what only the yellowish Na2CrO4 is soluble and readily washed out of the valuable mud (now holding only unsoluble Fe2O3 and NiO-Ni2O3); the CrO4(2-) isrecollected, concentrated and crystallized thanks to saturated CaCl2 providing less soluble solid CaCrO4. This process goes much much faster than all your long and intensive work and is worth the eventual price difference of Na bleach (here about 30€ for 50°Cl bleach 35 liters) vs Ca pool chlorine or HCl 20% (5L for about 15€). Normaly the excess of NiO-Ni2O3 can be recollected from and separated from Fe2O3 by air + CH3-CO2H and after NH4OH or directly from NH4OH; since Nickel do complexate and form soluble complex out of ammonia while iron doesn't. Concentrated H2SO4 is probably too valuable for most hobby chemists. Despite the european ban, I stil have some bottles of 99% and drain cleaner >90%. That YT channel did also turn CaCrO4 into volatile red liquid Cl2CrO2 isolable by distillation. Regards, PHZ (PHILOU Zrealone from the Science Madness forum)

[@chemdelic]

Great vid bro

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Thanks man!

[@wolveseatdonuts5486]

27:19 "Hell yeah" in the background.

[@abhikbhattacharya7795]

1:35 typical KZbin chemist thing If its harmful then its necessary to bbe created 😅

[@Crykir]

Didn't watch it yet but i know something acidic is gonna boil over the beaker...

[@chemistryofquestionablequa6252]

Safe bet based on history

[@SethCrosby-wz6jr]

Purified fork sludge would be a great band name

[@jimsvideos7201]

The start of a rotovap fund maybe?

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Man, thank you very much for all your donations, you just can't image how much I appreciate them :)

[@DaftyBoi412]

Mo crystals Mo problems eh?!

[@markedis5902]

I remember getting some of that in a chemistry set back in the 1970s

[@shdz5984]

20:03 The world's deadliest brownies.

[@Drjtherrien]

In high school I acquired some potassium dichromate in order to darken some mahogany chairs I made. I never knew about the hazards and just painted it on without any protection. 30+ years later and no issues. I'll count that as luck rather than evidence that the dichromate isn't that bad.

[@RyszardKacper]

Świetna robota! :)

[@dangoldbach6570]

There is a process to make normal black and white film reversal film using dichromate. Reversal film is when you're taking a negative image and making it a positive. Used when you want to project it. Not used much anymore in the mainstream but there’s a very active film photography community that definitely nerds out over such things, myself included!

[@gustavoabate6242]

Me: I'm sorry i forgot your birthday. My amateur chemist gf: Don't worry. Me: What's that? Her: I got some new forks. Me: (Panik!)

[@seankinney3797]

If u want to dissolve iron faster in an acidic solution, bubble air through it. The air will oxidize dissolved Fe(III) to Fe(III), which then oxidizes remaining metal to Fe(II), which is a much faster reaction than dissolution in acids.

[@keithjurena9319]

In my days of wet chemistry, I would frequently clean glassware in chromium trioxide mixed in sulfuric acid. Never used for NMR tubes, those got sulfuric acid and concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution.

[@Labhamsterua]

2:16 amateur chemist grindset

[@indian.techsupport]

Ah yes, reminds me of the time my teacher made us work with potassium dichromate without any safety equipment

[@joaopedropereiradelacerdat1895]

On my school on the lab we use potassium dichromate every lesson, I questioned my teachers if its carcinogenic and they say no, i think they dont have a shit about our security, on a lab full of teen fools, with dangerous chemicals and they dont mind

[@WandaDominiak-px4dn]

Perfect .

[@isaacmcginn7923]

Nice job improving on that old extractions and ire video. Your video style is very pretty.

[@DeerHunter-u6l]

Crazy Amateur Chemistry :D

[@MrMaddy1959]

I work long ago in a scrap yard and to test witch stainless steel we have we put a drop of nitric acid on it and pass 12v through it and of it turned pink that means there's molidinum in it

[@Skwisgar2322]

Great information, but the most important information is missing, what does it taste like?

[@aeriumsoft]

give it to codys' lab im sure he'll give it a taste!

[@ashlyn-6614]

my school let 17 year olds handle this stuff on sulfuric acid solution, and one kid wasn't even wearing gloves 😭😭😭

[@aeriumsoft]

we have the opposite issue now the teachers have a heart attack whenever an organic solvent isnt handled under a fumehood i mean being too careful is better than the alternative

[@dartagnan2png]

"To start processing my homemade metal lemonade..." 9:35

[@shannonolivas9524]

I thought from the thumbnail that we were gonna be chowing down on some delicious orange crystals.

[@SuperKillerkarnickel]

I once used electrolysis to decompose a fork. carbon elektrode and Epsom salt in the electrolyte. So i didn't have to use the acid. I also got some nice sodium dichromate back then.

[@trololo_zhirnota]

There is no fork.

[@Chainsaw-ASMR]

Are you THE oracle?

[@brunobastos5533]

I worked with that stuff in school , don't remember why , and then at lab because it one of the best oxidizers to redox titration

[@TreHazenF]

14:17 I want to drink this tasty looking cheesy pizza juice...those are oregano flakes, right?

[@davisveidmanis4685]

I would love to see you attempt making the ferrate ions, as they're some of the best oxidizers and also pretty beautiful. There was some interesting thread on science madness about it.

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

I have that on my to-do list, and will definitely make a video about them sometime :)

[@Nothingop122]

IN Bangalore a city in india we can get 1litre of 70% hcl for only 20rs or 0.25 dollar it is used for toilet cleaning ,we can get sulphuric acid 1 litre of 90% for 200rs or 2.70 us dollars but we cant buy 70% nitric acid because we want to give a age and id proof😅 but we can get like 10% 1litre HNO3 for 250rs or 3 us dollar ❤

[@jeremymcginnis7258]

I'm hungry and browsing youtube. That dichromate looks pretty tasty.

[@lassefiedler3542]

Watching this video while cooking food for my siblings felt dangerous

[@Dan-vq4pz]

You poor euros. I just got 4.5 gallons of 98% H2SO4 delivered the other day. Sorry guys 😔

[@Salt_and_Peroxide]

very cool

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Thanks!

[@carinhadoscomentarios4325]

At this point its alchemy

[@rocknrollmanic]

If you’re looking for cheap sources of sulfuric acid, you can buy it from auto stores as it’s used to top up old car batteries. Thats my source at least

[@ZoonCrypticon]

"Chrom" was one of the gods in the nostalgic Conan, the Barbarian, movies from the 80s, although the name is derived from the Greek "χρῶμα (chroma)" meaning "color".

[@shanejohns7901]

@8:50 A cheap electric heating pad meant for humans and/or pets would work better than the Sun. And it won't get hot enough to melt the plastic, because they only get hot enough for human skin to tolerate.

[@kreynolds1123]

If you were to do this again you might use carbon electrodes and pass a current though the solution and through the forks at the anode. Iron having a lower reduction potential than chromium means iron will plate out first leaving behind all the chromium sulphate and supher ions to further disolve the whole mass of the forks rather than using up sulpheric acid making unnessesary amounts of iron sulphate that you later turn onto iron carbonate . You could do the same with less sulpheric acid. And using less sulpheric acid also would mean you could have used less carbonate. And everything would have been far easier to filter with less iron carbonate precipitation. Electrolisys would could have saved you material cost, time dissolving the forks and filtering the sludge.

[@ggerald_]

bros making potions, cancer potions, they are colorful tho

[@MHMEDITZ]

Please provide some info on making chromium oxide in future 👍

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

In my next video about chromium I definitely will :)

[@ygrek5410]

podziwiam to co robisz

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Dzięki :)

[@spiderdude2099]

You know that conc sulfuric acid allows you to make your own hydrochloric acid right? In fact, you can VERY easily make almost every other common acid in high yields if you wanna put in the time

[@calinculianu]

I enjoy your videos more than NileRed. I wish you had a higher view count. You are awesome.

[@ricardosefa4186]

Nice video

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Thanks!

[@TheLtVoss]

Yo little note too stainless steel the commonly used alloy for tabelware is a V4A steel with below 0.1%C and about 18%Cr and 10%Ni (most have a little stance saying 18/10 refeing too the chorm and Nickel content) Without the nickel and only 18 chrome (aka V2A steel) it would be a ok in normal conditions but inside a dishwasher even chrome-steel will stain that is wahy there is so much nicke in it more chrom could make up the the corosion resistance but thesteel gets too brittel so dropping would lead to shattering of the tabelware Oh and havent watched the video just the Intro and im curious if the nickel will make it harder in theory yes since acids tha a hard time with V4A i mean i have molten alloyed and casted that and related alloys in too turbine or pump housings for the chemical industry and they were mad too withstand hot high concentraded acids soo there is sametging similar with gold silver alloys and too get pure gold you need too increase the silver content so it cann get disolved

[@Sergei_WHY]

So pretty for something so nasty. I feel blessed that all of my favorite compounds are colorless.

[@highlandlab1924]

Does it affect plants? I assume it generates reactive oxygen species at the very least. Chromium metal is suppose to be good for organisms, certain oxides however....

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Chromium (III) is an essential nutrient in many plants and animals but chromium (VI) is really toxic and dangerous for all life

[@aeriumsoft]

goofy aa oxidation states

[@BricktowneMedia]

MMMMM Forbidden Cheeto Dust....

[@doge-of-venice]

Good video. I dunno what else to say tbh. Be safe (maybe).

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

Thanks, I will try my best :)

[@profsusansatsumas]

"ghost calcium" worst band name ever

[@noahhosking495]

Lol this is so chaotic!!! Literally toxic slug chemistry in a plastic bucket 💀 Enough said

[@louiel8711]

That's neat, 25 years ago I used sodium dichromate as an after anodizing yellowish dye didn't know it's that toxic

[@chillaxter13]

Why did that final product look so much like crushed Cheetos? Now I'm hungry...😅

[@LordBrainz]

Ah, yes, chromium, one of the most colorful elements, that can be a really nice guy or your neurotic friend, depending on how many electrons you give or take from him

[@myroslavplakhotnyk8780]

you shure got some patience

[@klausschmidt982]

Judging from the color it looks like there was quite a bit nickel in these forks.

[@Angrychemist666]

I can just see two forks waiting for the day some housewife purchases them and these 2 forks are long time pals see! And the one says to the other dont worry! I think ...yes!!!! Rejoice were being sold! I can feel my ends sticking into a potato salad and bringing it to the owners mouth and then we'll be going for our steam sauna in a beautiful Maytag dishwasher and then we get tucked in for the night in our gorgeous Oak drawer with a sweet rubbermaid organizer to lounge around in! I cant wait whats he waiting for weve been in this bag for hours? Wait louey yes we are being taken out now! Its been a long time coming! HEY!!! WTF? IS THAT FLUID ? HOLY CHRIST FRANNY ARE YOU OK? OH GOD THE PAIN!THE PAIN! THE PAIN! ........... nice huh?😢

[@x-risgaming1503]

20:00 nice delicious bowl of chocolate 🤤

[@Ogorix]

12:03 😢 rip

[@liamosuilleabhain9965]

Would it not be more efficient to use electrolysis to dissolve the forks?

[@Amateur.Chemistry]

In terms of chemicals used it would definitely be more economical but would probably take a ton of time and require me to build some specialized equipment

[@linyuchen5627]

I think electrolysis process will be a easy way to dissolve stainless steel

[@WeebRemover4500]

should bubble air into the solution until no more iron oxide comes out, then yields would be a lot higher