We Polish people suffered a lot. Millions of Poles dies in the @nd World War. Huge numbers of Poles lost their lives in Auschwitz. Now, it's high time the Polish began to respect themselves and be proud of themselves, their history and nation.
@y.harveynorman13926 ай бұрын
Yes, but at least the Jewish problem in Poland was solved, this must give you some peace? Polish suffering is real and Jewish suffering is real. But it was different, 95% of Polish Jews were killed vs. 10% of Poles.
@MarcinAntczak1 Жыл бұрын
Tym razem napiszę po polsku. Ogólnie z wielu rozmów i wątków także dotyczących wspomnień wyłania się taki oto smutny obrazek, że Żydzi bardzo intensywnie nakłaniają Polaków do "rozliczania się ze swoją historią", "akceptowania swojej winy" itp. itd. szczególnie pod dyktando tej kuriozalnej propagandy zbudowanej wokół Jedwabnego czy Kielc. Tymczasem zupełnie jakby nie kultywują traumy wobec Niemców. Nie ma winy Niemców, jest wina jakichś Nazistów a ogólnie Niemcy to przecież dobrzy ludzie byli same Schindlery które co prawda zbijały kasę na niewolniczej pracy, ale ratowali swoich robotników przed zamianą w popiół. Jestem ciekaw czy przeciętny Żyd który wie coś o Jedwabnem i Kielcach - wie także o Babim Jarze? I czy zna skalę? Bo na razie wychodzi z tego, że Żydzi oczekują od innych pracy nad sobą, ale sami nie robią w zasadzie nic nad swoją edukacją. Cieszy bardzo, że Michael widzi sens w otwieraniu umysłów i budowaniu poprawnych relacji. Tylko nie da się tego zrobić mając taką ścianę niechęci po Żydowskiej stronie. Dobrze by było aby to się zmieniło, bo po polskiej stronie jest ewidentnie więcej dobrej woli
@KatarzynaJo Жыл бұрын
No wreszcie jakis sensowny komentarz. Trochę realizmu i refleksji nad samym sobą dla obu Panow by sie przydalo.
@ararabarara Жыл бұрын
Mnie też zastanawia skąd ta nagła zmiana narracji. Od kilku lat mieliśmy do czynienie z apogeum, żądań, nienawiści oraz pretnsji wobec narodu polskiego. A tu nagle pojawiają się propagatorzy naszego kraju. Jest to szczególnie zastanawiające w kontekście obecnego konflikut izraelsko-palestyńskiego. Już kilka lat temu czytałem, że w wielu kręgach izraelskiego establiszmentu pojawiają się głosy, że emigracja do Izraela była błędęm i należało zostać w Europie. Mam wrażenie, że to jest takie samo promowanie nowej "ziemi obiecanej" jak przed IIWŚ promowano wyjazdy do Palestyny. Co do Niemców to oni się wykupili ale nie ot tak tylko zawarli z przedstawicielami Izraela porozumienie, że zbrodni dokonali naziści, a nie Niemcy. W taki oto sposób pieniądz zmył wszystkie grzechy narodu niemieckiego, które spłynęły na mityczny naród nazistowski... no i oczywiście tych strasznych Polaków... Smutne...
@Krlowanigu-mg6eg Жыл бұрын
Kat - ofiara. Żydzi - Palestyna.
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
Wybacz, ale co jest kuriozalnego wokół prymitywnych typów z Polski Z zabijających sąsiadów, bo ktoś im powiedział, że macę z krwi dzieci robią? To było by tylko żałosne, gdyby nie było tragiczne. To *polscy* obywatele zabijali - czy chcesz, czy nie, idzie to na nasz rachunek.
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
@@ararabararato dlatego, że Polska zyskała dobry image w mediach z powodu sukcesu gospodarczego, a ostatnio z powodu pomocy Ukrainie. Wcześniej Polska miała image "Polski B": Kielce, Jedwabne, kradzieże w Niemczech itp.
@Dreju78 Жыл бұрын
Pierwsza w nocy, rano "do fabryki" (dobrze, że zdalnie chociaż) a ja siedzę i ogladam jak dwóch Żydów się odnajduje w Polsce, chociaż jeden tylko z doskoku.. I w sumie nie żałuję 😁 Dużo prawdy w tym naszym, polskim szukaniu wspólnych naszych korzeni. Wy straciliście tamtą, dawną Polskę i próbujecie ją odnaleźć i my też ją straciliśmy, i też nam jej brakuje..
@pawekaczmarek2542 Жыл бұрын
To Polożydzi :) Ja ostatnio odkryłem swoje niezbite bo genetyczne korzenie żydowskie :) Chociaż w pamięci rodzinnej nie było żydowskich członków :) I to po matce... czyli dogmatycznie.... jestem Żydem bardziej niż wielu Żydów zza oceanu [aż chichocze wewnątrz na myśl o tym jak opowiadam o tym jakiemuś polonofobicznemu ortodoksowi żydowskiemu ;p
@bullet1544 Жыл бұрын
dobre
@aleksandracieslak54879 ай бұрын
dobre
@moniidzia4 ай бұрын
Ty mówisz odnajdują, ja mówię czmychają od syfu do którego się przyczynili
@mateuszwesoowski9583 Жыл бұрын
Polish culture is steeped in the heroic Christian myth of death and rebirth. You have romantic concepts in Polish cultural identity of: "Poland as Christ of nations", "Prometeism" and "For our freedom and yours". I think it is this archetype of "death, sacrifice and rebirth" that imbues the Polish culture - is what makes the people appear more genuine. Polish people are taught to respect the sacrifices our ancestors made for our current freedom. To cherish and defend our culture, without being chauvinist or burdened with guilt. We are neither politicaly correct nor disrespectful. But are not afraid to talk about big things. We are not much into "mourning of the past". Or rather the way Polish people mourn is a romantic and dramatic idealist dream with an optimistic slant. Although in Polish culture Jewish people were often associated with pessimistic lamentation of the "unredeemed". And also of mystical wisdom. As for poetry an interesting tidbit i recommend is a song by a famous Polish bard Jacek Kaczmarski titled "Opowieść pewnego emigranta". A tragic tale of a Soviet/Polish Jew seeking spiritual reconciliation after the rollercoster of history.
@mateuszwesoowski9583 Жыл бұрын
Opowieść pewnego imigranta - Original Jacek Kaczmarski, translation Mateusz Wesołowski Fear not we won’t run out, this is Polish vodka You see, prior to war I was a communist For I wanted to be someone. For I was a Jew And if a Jew wasn’t someone than this Jew was no one Perhaps this one thing communists gave the world that people no longer call bankers and fiddlers “Ike” I wasn't a banker nor a virtuoso I survived the war in Russia, befriended the cold And on my two own feet I crossed the Bug Arm in arm with red army as a politruk I was like Moses caring new commandments on which we would set our reconstruction And then me, a loyal communist They retrained to be a manicurist I love Mozart, Bach to me is god But where I worked - only blood and fear I could sleep well listening to human screams But couldn’t fall asleep to the sounds of music As result of October’s so called “events” I was no longer a functionary, I was a journalist I knew languages, no need to teach me How to write straight, that which crooked follows lines And then a thought was born in my minds, by chance perhaps "Did I tie myself to this country in the worst possible ways?" For those disgraceful achievements - Warsaw or Cracow Comrade Gomulka told us “Poland for Poles” This republic isn’t for strays anymore! Wiesław - like the pharaoh - chased us away And off went professors, scholars and writers Off went functionaries and journalists in tow In Tel-Aviv one day, out of the blue, I ran into a colleague from my prison posting And it made me ashamed to pray by the western wall Am I a communist? A pole? Or a Jew? I couldn’t as he did, accept that glory Easily given to bankrupts elevated to heroes I left, came here to the States They say: “Teach Americans what communism was” “Tell them what you know, what’s on your conscience lies” “To atone for sins, and wash away the guilt” But I can’t even dress into words That built through the destruction we brought And so, I forged my own demise Melomaniac - not a fiddler Not a banker - but an interrogator Political commissar - not a Russian geroy Neither Zionist - nor a goy How will I tell Jehovah “Jahve Stand by my side”? Tied to this Poland by an umbilical cord of shame How will I tell Jehovah “Jahve Stand by my side”? Tied to this Poland by an umbilical cord of shame // Manicurist - prisoner slang from soviet prisons for the interrogators who ripped of fingernails. October’s so called “events” - death of Stalin, and his assigned polish prime minister, release of "On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences", destalinization,
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
We were taught those myths, but who believes them? Do *you* believe the rebirth myth?
@mateuszwesoowski9583 Жыл бұрын
@@LMB222 Its deeper than a belief. Even if you reject it it is the framework that you view the world through.
@radsec Жыл бұрын
I completely agree, every nation has things to be proud of and just as many things to be ashamed of, we're no different.
@tomaszbialek80 Жыл бұрын
Catholicism is not the myth that's reality
@smok4011 ай бұрын
A very interesting conversation! I appreciated its thoughtful and serious tone.
@dareheard Жыл бұрын
I agree with you Michael, Jews as nation focused on such a traumatic history of their nation because of Holocaust just forgot about the joining history of our nations... We have a great history, you cannot simply wipe out 1k years of us being together. As mentioned on my previous comment, you are doing great job, hope your channel will get a great view and finally turn Jewish people mindset to think about their nation history not only about 2nd World War, but look before... there are lot of fields to discover... such a great conversation. Fair play to you both!
@robertkowal6349 Жыл бұрын
Jakie leki bierzesz bo nie działają żydzi zawsze Polskę nienawidzili pokazali to 1939
@micgelbart Жыл бұрын
This thread is so interesting. I tell stories of our pre-Holocaust family, those I know, and am fascinated by generational lineage wisdom and blessings that get passed down, as well as trauma healing.
@Czarnapannajoanna Жыл бұрын
Greetings from Poland! Thank You for Your love to the Jewishness of Polish culture. I’m Jewish, because my mother, grandmother are Jewish but because of the world war II my great grandmother left her daughter in Poland and flew to the USA…She was adopted by intellectuals family. Most of them generals ( two of her uncles died in squadron 303 - the battle of England as a pilots) I tried to search my jewish heritage but war destroyed everything. My fathers family was important in old times- Gajewski rhodium had a vibrant history from medieval period so it means a lot to me ❤ I love Poland 🇵🇱
@radsec Жыл бұрын
We as Polish people are proud of our history and we want to preserve it and Jewish culture was a big part of Poland and its history. Restoring that culture to Poland is vital in my opinion, it will only make the country culturally richer. I really appreciate your videos and your perspective on things. The future should bring us Poles, Jewish and otherwise together rather than split us apart. Educating Jews abroad about what today's Poland is like and dispelling the existing misconceptions is vital to restoring the broken ties.
@mk1430 Жыл бұрын
Yes, You are right, but I feel it should be two way street :)
@januszlepionko Жыл бұрын
Gdyby nie było tak licznej niezasymilowanej ludności żydowskiej w II RP, Niemcy robiliby „rozwiązanie kwestii żydowskiej” gdzie indziej, a nie na polskiej ziemi, i nie byłoby oskarżeń Polaków o antysemitzm, ani nie byłoby gangsterskich wymuszeń w rodzaju Act S447. Więc mów za siebie.
@radsec Жыл бұрын
@@mk1430 agreed
@gregorz482 Жыл бұрын
Mow chłopcze w swoim imieniu.
@robertkowal6349 Жыл бұрын
Żydowska kultura to poczytaj zdrada kresow 1939 😅
@Litwinus Жыл бұрын
For centuries, your grandparents fought with mine for a free Poland, that's why you feel these connections. You can feel this energy in Poland.
@przemekkulesza3242 Жыл бұрын
Guys you like to talk about Polish sins, please also talk about Jewish sins, namely Jewish communists who murdered thousands of Polish heroes right after the war. This was a massacre not comparable to Jedwabne. Please note also that Jedwabne has not been fully investigated as exhumations had been stopped once the proof of Germans' involements started to pop up - so it is not modest to talk about Jedwabne with your unproven assumptions on the Polish guilt in it.
@LS-Moto Жыл бұрын
They're not talking about that, because it's utter nonsense what you describe. Typical antisemitic crap.
@frusia1237 ай бұрын
We have a couple of things in common with the Jews, one is that we have emigrated for centuries, and there's someone who has Polish ancestors in every corner of the world. The other is that our history is full of pain, and we're identified with it. Let's not make it a competition... They suffered a lot, we suffered a lot, we suffered together with them and sometimes, we caused pain to each other. Let's try to write the next chapter now, hopefully one about communication and building bridges, hopefully one about peace and happiness.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Regarding "Jedwabne" have you seen that that other movie that had 2 million views in 3 days. in Poland and got banned?
@kingdenis2002 Жыл бұрын
Jewish ppl were living in Poland for a centuries. Sometimes we did not agree but no one hurt anyone. They were Polish people, Polish Jews, they felt as much Jewish as Polish. They were fighting for Poland. Remember that.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
"Alte Haim" is a masterpiece, and authors are geniuses, both, Polish and Jewish. It time to finally finish mourning started by the late Shewah Weiss in 2003 and finish it with inspiring musical in 2023.
@Milivoj69 Жыл бұрын
Trauma of holocaust was make by german Nazi not Polish people. Ask Adam Michnik when he will be Apologize Polish citizen for His brother . And for you knowing you should be digging deeper why so many Jews serving in communist Political Police to fight Polish independence and freedom . For me as a Polish it’s trauma too be blame for something what I not do for Jews. Be accurate .
@EmiFem Жыл бұрын
Dear Michael, when you've said that you feel more conected to Poland, Kraków something shocked me. I live in Gdansk and have very strong Kashubian roots and connections from my mothers side. My fathers side of family comes from small village near Trawniki and Lublin. My grandmothers memories from childehood were difficult, to say the least (Erntefest). But that is another story. As a child i've never been there, in that village. When I first visited i felt something really strange. I felt like ground under my feet was singing. That was so... physical. I realy dont know, to this day how to explain it. Like my body and mind could feel that i come home. And i think that you experienced the same thing. The calling of your roots, ancestry. ❤ So... welcome home❤
@MsManatee1 Жыл бұрын
My dad lives in Charzykowy , beautiful area
@micgelbart Жыл бұрын
I have been exploring similar feelings of geographic connection. My Jewish family lived in Klobuck for generations. Dad survived the death march, mom in hiding in Warsaw. I’m in a Thomas Hubl east European community cohort. Some of us Jewish some not. Some of us live in Eastern Europe, some don’t. There are some remarkable resonances that occur, like we fill in pieces of others puzzles. Check out Thomas Hubl’s ancestral and collective trauma healing community
@paulsevenitz616 Жыл бұрын
Me as living in germany being from poland. My impression is talking about jewishness, jewish culture is kind a tabu for germans just out of fear that it is a very delicate thing and so they fear to act somehow wrong.. and out of ignorance about jewish culture..so i think jewish culture and jewishness is very seperated and kind of unpresent in the daily experience whereas in Poland.. i guess half of poles make jokes that „a your grandfather may be jewish“ or yeah you are aware of the history, of Lesmian and Tuwim, and about the polish heroes who risked their lives for jews.. and finally yeah the jewish influences in cities like krakow warsaw etc.
@admonster11 Жыл бұрын
There used to be two types of Jews in Poland the Litwaks expelled Russian Jews without connection to Poland and Poles very distinct groups about their Polishness.
@KatarzynaJo Жыл бұрын
Jedwabne was not a Polish crime. You should get updated on the subject. It was a Germen crime. And yes Krakow is a fantastic city.
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
BuIIshit. The Jews in Jedwabne were killed by *our citizens* . Whether we like it or not, Jedwabne and the tragicomic pogrom in Kielce (because they believed Jews killed Christian babies) goes on us.
@Hubert_G Жыл бұрын
czemu niemiecka zbodnia,jeśli to Polacy spalili Żydów
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
How on earth can you justify saying this. There is no evidence of this, plus Poland officially recognizes it as a Polish crime. Stop this stupidity, please, it is horrible for the image of Poland and Polish people.
@jozefk8948 Жыл бұрын
there are interviews with witnesses...
@MCADHD-rf5kl Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeld I disagree with Rabbi Shudrih about the excumation of the victims of Jedwabne. His reason was that it is against Judaism to dig up dead members of the faith under any circumstances. No religion should stop any research. Especially historical research.
@aureus138110 ай бұрын
Michael mam jedno pytanie do Ciebie. Czy mógłbyś udostępnić mi kontakt do Twojego fryzjera?
What a refreshing conversation. Loved to listen to you, guys. All the best to you:)🤗
@evka_esgie Жыл бұрын
Very interesting video. Interview from time to time is a very good concept. I was thinking about suggesting this form to you. There are so many people you can talk to.
@antekp2965 Жыл бұрын
polska i niemiecka kultura to zupełnie inny świat nawet w tak wielokulturowym mieście jak Berlin. chyba trudno o większy kontrast w Europie między dwoma sąsiadującymi ze sobą narodami. no, może Finowie i Rosjanie :) na przestrzeni wieków wielu Niemców osiedlało się w Polsce (czy też pod zaborami), także w Krakowie i Warszawie, a jednak te kultury pozostały sobie w dużej części obce. Niemcy ulegali polonizacji, Polacy germanizacji i koniec.
@tomaszgarbino2774 Жыл бұрын
1000 lat sąsiedztwa robi swoje. Nawet takie banalne reczy jak zwyczaje (np. choinka na Boże narodzenie) czy potrawy. Głębsze wpływy kulturowe też, np. w literaturze. Na pewno mamy ze sobą więcej wspólnego niż mniej ;P
@antekp2965 Жыл бұрын
@@tomaszgarbino2774 jak na 1000 lat sąsiedztwa i skalę migracji np do Warszawy w 19. wieku to wpływy są nieznaczne. oczywiście nazewnictwo przedmiotów, technologia itp. to jasne, ale np literatura francuska miała o niebo większy wpływ na polską literaturę niż niemiecka. jest wpływ np malarstwa z nurtu akademickiego, bo wielu polskich malarzy studiowało w Monachium, ale ja miałem na myśli głębszy wpływ niż samo know-how. wiadomo, że gotyk przyszedł od nas z terenów niemieckich, prawo magdeburskie, urbanistyka średniowiecznych miast..
@antekp2965 Жыл бұрын
@@tomaszgarbino2774 to trochę tak jakby powiedzieć, że Rosjanie się zamerykanizowali, bo przecież powszechnie oglądają filmy z Hollywood, piją coca-colę itp. Ale co z tego skoro mentalnie są bliżsi Wielkiej Ordzie niż ideałom amerykańskiej wolności
@peceed Жыл бұрын
@@antekp2965 To stereotyp. Rosjanie byli superprowolnościowi na przełomie '80 i '90, potem przyszła smuta ale dopiero Putin rozpoczął propagandę która przebijała tą z ZSRR. Popatrz jak szybko Hitler przerobił Niemców, a Putin miał większe know-how, aparat i 3x więcej czasu.
@marti6607 Жыл бұрын
@@peceed To nie stereotyp. Fakt że po upadku ZSRR była chwila wolności w Rosji ale Rosjanie bali się jej, utożsamiali ją z chaosem i bezladem. Potem przyszedł kolejny "ojczulek", Putin, który twardą ręką zaprowadził porządek za co Rosjanie są mu wdzięczni i go kochają. To jest naród z mentalem niewolników, głęboko patrymonialny. Jak ciągłe powtarza moja rosyjska znajoma, Rosjanie wolności nie znają, nie rozumieją, nie potrzebują i gdyby ją dostali, nie wiedzieliby co z nią zrobić. Stosunek do wolności jest moim zdaniem zasadniczą różnicą między nami a nimi.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Ambivalence | Jonathan Garfinkel Book not in Polish yet
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
He has not found a publisher/translator interested in publishing it here.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
probably due to political reasons :( Jan Gross got a lot from sponsors @@lerubenfeld
@cetus4449 Жыл бұрын
I have nothing against Jews who don't practice Polonophobia. For hundreds of years, Poles and Jews lived side by side rather than together. Many of them turned out to be wonderful people, many became Polish patriots, while others gave in to Polonophobia -sometimes unjustifiably. These are not simple things. There is no real anti-Semitism in Poland however, I believe that the growing influence of the Chabad-Lubavitch sect should be stopped.
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
Let's not forget judeo communism which is denied by Jews as an antisemitic myth because it would go against their narrative as eternally innocent victimes.
@teresaz1692 Жыл бұрын
Mnie juź nużą te ciągłe przepychanki, kto zawinił, ile jest ktoś komuś winien, jak kiedyś było i do czego to wszystko doprowadziło!!! Od tego się zaczyna, że ktoś nieźle mąci, kręci i kłamie o stosunkach polsko-żydowskich, przypuszczam, że to Chabat Lubawicz, więc z takim podejściem do tematu i w takich warunkach "dialogu" nie ma szans na porozumienie. Tym bardziej zaprzepaszczono jakąkolwiek możliwość na utworzenie jakiejś wspólnej społeczności, bo to za daleko już zabrnęlo a teraz jeszcze ta wojna i izraelskie "podejście" do Polestyńczyków, dopełniły czarę goryczy!!! Ja już nie chcę się tłumaczyć, ani przepraszać, ani być wplątywana w te narodowościowe zagrywki polityczne i nie chcę poznawać "prawdy", ja naprawdę jestem tym wszystkim zmęczona i popieram radykalne rozwiązania i wyjaśnienia nieporozumień, jakie zastosował Pan Braun, czyli oddcięcie się całkowite od tego tematu!!! Polacy już nie chcą więcej udowadniać, że nie są wielbłądami!!!
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
Zastanawiające jest że Żydzi nie kajaja się za żydokomune zarówno tą przedwojenną jak i powojenną , wręcz wciskają ciemotę że to antysemicki mit. Więc zamiast tłumaczyc się że się nie jest wielblądem niech się żydzi tłumaczą z swojej przeszłości. Żydzi nigdy się nie przyznają bo to idzie wbrew ich globalnej narracji o byciu niewinnymi ofiarami.
@leszekleszek773 Жыл бұрын
It would be interesting to know the Israelis' opinions on Poland. I have no clue what they think, but I remember that once at orthodox shop in Mea Shaerim district the shop keeper asked me where do I come from and I was worried for a second what would be his reaction (would he throw a stone on me or smth) but he's reaction was positive, strangely enough...
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
I think it is impossible to say that there is one overarching opinion that Israelis have about Poland. It will be diverse.
@marti6607 Жыл бұрын
I work with Israelis and the vast majority of them have been really nice. They are all academics though meaning potentially more open-minded. One of them is a historian, originally from Austria. We discussed the Holocaust a little bit, he told me that as long as Poland is concerned there were, I'm quoting, "very positive and very negative behaviors from the Poles". In general I find them friendly, easy-going and with great sense of humor.
@graywolf3000 Жыл бұрын
I love the way the conversation went. I was reslly curious of why you came to Poland, what are your trying to find in the past. What future you want to build with that.
@03817 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for interesting conversation! Looking forward for more.
@justynadzt7728 Жыл бұрын
Interesting conversation. Thank you for introducing me to your perspective. Greetings from Lublin.
@navyseals9128 Жыл бұрын
Będą filmiki w języku polskim ???
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
Czasami robię ale większości moje filmiki są po angielsku.
@navyseals9128 Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeld dziękuje za info pozdrawiam miłego Dnia :)
@jerzybrudnicki6815 Жыл бұрын
Where is the catch?
@ytu77 Жыл бұрын
As a Pole I believe that restoring Jewish culture is important for us. Some might ask why? Because this culture has been a part of Polish culture for ages. Half of Polish nation has a Jewish DNA so... it's simply natural. That's all. Everything was simple until the wars started....
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
Speak for yourself. The most of the Jews barely spoke polish that's how they were part of Poland
@ytu77 Жыл бұрын
@@moniidzia have you lived then and there to say what you claim is true?
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
@@ytu77 Do you know why American Jews were against immigration of their people from Eastern Europe to USA?
@agnieszkasiemek8552 Жыл бұрын
This is one of the most valuable conversations I have listened to recently. I am Polish, I lived in Krakow for 20 years, I have been living in Berlin for 18 months. Since I left, I started to really think about what I miss, about my identity, what Polishness actually means to me. I agree with you that Poles are wrapped in nostalgia and sentimentality. I would like Poland to stop being a museum of Jewish culture, but a place where Jewish life was reborn.
@gregorz482 Жыл бұрын
Żyd zagrał na polskiej nucie,a Wy mu laske robicie .Biedni Polacy.Patrząc na komentarze
@teresaz1692 Жыл бұрын
Nie wszyscy, ja jestem realistką i wiem, że porozumienie z całą nacją już jest niemożliwe, ale na gruncie prywatnym to już zależy od poszczególnych ludzi!!!
@leszekleszek773 Жыл бұрын
Poland is that kind of place: either love it or hate it...
@murrayeldred3563 Жыл бұрын
My daughter in Law is Polish. Not Catholic. JWitness background. Lovely girl. I have Arab connections so cannot be objective about Zionism or Israel. But an interesting interview.
@ppzav Жыл бұрын
Thank you Michael...as always it was a fascinating episode. Many thanks to Jonathan♥
@adam_zs8292 Жыл бұрын
Does your love of Poland include love for Poles,or are we far on the margin?Just wanna make sure about that.
@Mm-kv1gn Жыл бұрын
I have no words for how grateful am I for what you're doing there. Do other Jews perceive your words about Poland being antisemitic? Warm regards, M
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
No they don’t perceive them as antisemitic.
@Malcriada115 Жыл бұрын
A fascinating conversation. It is my favorite video of yours. It feels like I got to know you a little bit better. Thank you.
@biglance Жыл бұрын
Very interesting conversation, thank you for posting, it is giving me insights into Poland. I am curious if either one of you were able to get citizenship in Poland or Germany b/c of your ancstry. If you grandmother was born there I'm guessing she left after Poland became a country around 1920, so she was a citizen, thus giving you a direct connection to getting citizenship. I know this can be a sensitive topic, so if so I understand. Going to Poland next month for first time in my family lineage in about 150 years, going to be interesting. Shalom to your both, peace from China.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
Yes I was able to get my Polish citizenship because of my grandfather.
@biglance Жыл бұрын
Excellent, thank you for sharing and good luck there! Peace be with you.@@lerubenfeld
@bonanzaboomer Жыл бұрын
Thank you for smiling when talking about Poland 😊 🇵🇱. It’s rare to see, considering that most Jewish people still have Holocaust trauma. Polish people who survived the war had terrible PTSDs also, yet the new generation has managed to overcome the negative and is making the future look bright. I think that it’s nice that some Jewish communities like in Kazimierz/Krakow are starting to come back in a nice way.
@NobelMicha Жыл бұрын
the Video Quality is still very bad.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
Yes it’s not great. I shot it on an older phone. Other videos are better quality.
@jacksonblaze4235 ай бұрын
Have you considered that there might be greater emotional similarity between Poles and Jews than Germans and Jews?
@agharta3350 Жыл бұрын
Two Khazarien not Jevish.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
Hahaahahahahahahahahhahhahahahahahhahahahahahahahahahhahahahahaahaha there is no end to the stupidity on KZbin.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Yes, peaceful Zionism and peaceful coexistence. 30 milion of rich and happy Jews in Israel :)
@Aptster19397 ай бұрын
Dear Michael, I am not Jewish but thanks to George Santos, I am rather Jew-ish'1nnI grew up in Idaho so only know one Jew , I knew was Jewish because I mowed the big lawn in front of his bi house I really agreed with you about you explanation n about the Israel/Hamas dilemma. I am sending you this article I wrote that I hop doesn't offend you but amuses you:
@gug718711 ай бұрын
If u want to live in Poland and want to be respected and welcomed, u must follow the following simple rules: 1) Respect the Polish history. (Generations of Poles have given their lives for the freedom of Poland and the Jewish community is a part of the Polish history.) 2) Respect the Polish customs. 3) Respect the Polish tradition. (the Polish tradition is thousand years old and the Jewish community is a part of the Polish tradition.) 4) Be loyal to Poland. 5) Take care of the Polish state, because Poland is our common good. 6) Don't kill, don't rape, don't cheat, don't lie, don't steal, don't insult others, don't hurt others 7) Be polite, help people who need your help. 8) Help Polish people to protect their country. Respect Polish soldiers, police and firefighters. 9) Don't take narcotics. Drinking vodka is commonly acceptable in Poland, but if you lose your family, money, job ... because you are an alcoholic, you will be despised. 10) Take care of the environment.(30% territory of Poland is a forest. 80% of forests lakes, rivers etc is owned by the Polish State and is FULLY OPENED FOR ALL POLISH PEOPLE!!! TAKE CARE of this COMMON TREASURE!!!!!!) If you follow the rules above, you have 100% guarantee, that you will be respected in Poland no matter the colour of you skin, race, religion, gender or nationality. You can be a part of Poland no matter where are you from. This is a part of the Polish tradition. If you are not able to follow the rules above, Poland is not a place for you.
@image8154 Жыл бұрын
Sounds like some old generation forgot that what happened in POLAND during WWII was done by the Germans, so I do NOT understand their bad attitude towards POLAND.
@MaleWielkieImperium Жыл бұрын
Kler jest gównianym filmem Smarzowski ma na koncie zarówno swietne jak i maksymalnie gówniane filmy. Kler jest tym gównianym
@antekp2965 Жыл бұрын
mam wrażenie, że tutaj pomieszał dwa filmy : Pokłosie i Kler
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
In Poland catholic religion demands mourning for 1 year, an the return to family and business duties. How is it in Jewish culture?
@jacekchmielewski6372 Жыл бұрын
The full extent of Polish, Slavic, as well as Jewish and Polish Jewish culture, needs to be retold from an unbiased and truthful perspective. There is so much more positive than the actual tragic negativity that happened in the middle of 20th century. While remembering these horrifying events, we need to build on the positive because the Polish culture as well as Polish Jewish Jewish culture in Poland throughout centuries, has so much more to offer.
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
When Jews gonna apologize for judeo communism?
@edytak3105 Жыл бұрын
That movie which you are talking about isn't "Wesele 2"? Not "Kler"?
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
I am definitely not in Kler :) I am in Wesele 2
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
Mr Rubenfeld, who edited the subtitles? The "morning process" and the "Yiddish kite (jiddischkeit)" may confuse rather than assist the viewers.
@antekp2965 Жыл бұрын
automatic :)
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
They are just auto captioned. I contemplated going through and editing them all, but it would have taken far too long -- so I just accepted that there would be errors, but it will still be useful/helpful for some people.
@georgeeko Жыл бұрын
Why is editing of this film so sloppy? You force us to watch close captioning that is 70% accurate. If you force somebody to read the captioning it should be edited to the actual words that you’re saying not that nonsense that appears over there at the bottom of the screen.
@jerzy7118 Жыл бұрын
You are wrong if you think that Poles lack Jewish culture. There were about 3 million Jews in pre-war Poland, but the problem was that although they lived among us, they were a foreign element in Poland and did not assimilate in Poland. They created their own enclaves, living among their own people, and often they could live their entire lives without even knowing the Polish language. In Poland, Jews have no sympathy among Poles, although no one will do any harm to a Jew and this results from history, especially modern history, because Poles associate them with the introduction of communism and murders of patriots and soldiers of the underground army and those fighting in the West, torturing and murdering them. by the security office where 90 percent were Jews. But also today the state of Israel pursues a policy of slandering Poles, equating Germans with Poland in responsibility for the murder of Jews. Poland was in the same situation as the Jews. Hitler's Germans were to destroy the Jewish nation and after the Jews, the Poles were to be destroyed. But Jews show off their own tragedy too much without seeing the tragedy of other nations.
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
Judeo communism is denied by Jews as an antisemitic myth because it would go against their narrative as eternally innocent victims.
@kubulej Жыл бұрын
Ooo, koledzy, nie zapędzajcie się za daleko. Poradzimy sobie doskonale bez was w Polsce.
@MaximVani Жыл бұрын
Ja tez bardzo lubie Zydow i ciesze sie jak sa szczesliwi w Izraelu albo gdzies w Kandadzie.
@knobs_matrix Жыл бұрын
Very interesting conversation and some new points of views for me. Pozdrawiam ✌🏻👍🏻
@Aptster19397 ай бұрын
ANTISEMITISM November 29, 2022 I am from a small town in Idaho. When I was twelve I got a paper route and also made money mowing lawns. One of my customers was Mr. Cohen. He had a small shop selling furs downtown that must have been successful as his home was in an area known for the upper class. He had a big lawn that I mowed with a push mower so you know it was a while ago. We never conversed, just collected my dues. So I never knew anything except that he was Jewish. There was another singular ethnic person in our town and he was an African American. He had a tiny slot on Main Street that held his shoe shine shop. My Dad told me he was called the “mayor” as he had to usher others of his race to the other side of town with instructions to keep moving on. Proud Americans? So, I want to get to the issue of this paper. Jewish people have faced discrimination, hatred and endless, incredible, violent treatment for as long as they have existed. They have been persecuted since the birth of Jesus as they do not accept him as the savior and the Christians just cannot accept that. You may disagree, call me crazy but it is my idea the problem is..THE MOTHERS! The very survival of the Jewish people has been tough for them for ages. How have they not only survived but even prospered. Why? I contend that it is because of their mothers. Mothers insist on excellence from their sons. Their daughters too but the sons have had more opportunity and responsibility. No matter what field, law, finance, medicine, music, show business, even art, their sons must excel. They must not accept less than the best marks, the top grades. And they have achieved those goals. Jewish men have prospered in so many directions. They can be very tough businessmen, like in the textile world on the East Coast. Brutal at times, taking advantage of young children, working them long hours in miserable conditions for as little pay as they could squeeze. This all came from endless years of the challenge for Jews to just exist, to survive. Christians grew up with jealousy. Their god says, “Thou shalt not have any gods before me!” So, they can easily be jealous of their successful Jewish brethren. In the Buddhist teachings there are four illimitables One of them is mudita, sympathetic joy. That is the pleasure one has in the success of others. It is not a feature of Christianity as proven by The Crusades and the Insurrection where the plan was to make every one believe like me or die. That can be lead to such conflagrations as Kristallnacht where enraged Germans destroyed hundreds of Jewish shops. Which lead to the absolute abomination of humanity, the Holocaust. The world has had much abominable genocide from every quarter but that is not what this is about. Jewish men have succeeded immensely and made personal fortunes but they have also created tremendous (a 45 word!) wealth for many nations. If there is any blame, it must go to the men but if there is any glory, it must go to the MOTHERS
@michalmalek Жыл бұрын
Very interesting conversation. I appreciate your efforts for rebuilding ties between our nations. As a fellow Kraków citizen I always felt void left by Jews after the war. I think we need at least some of it back.
@aw7178 Жыл бұрын
Your LOVE Of ………!
@dumbalek6001 Жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing this interview! Its very interesting to see the Jewish perspective on our shared history. I would definitely agree that there is a need on the Polish non-Jewish side to reconcile our history and culture.
@maharadzdza Жыл бұрын
A quick question on the margin. As you actively seek for reconciliation between Poles and Jews are you willing to claim responsibility for the massive Jewish collaboration with Bolsheviks.
@Ocodo Жыл бұрын
A lot of the polish Jews ware patriots as well, according to their own words. And yes, the cultures ware intertwined a lot.
@Ocodo Жыл бұрын
No, of course not, there is always tension between large communities of different background, like the Palestinians and Jews now in Israel for example. But somehow I doubt they hated Poles more then the Nazis let say. @@ipodman1910
@leszekleszek773 Жыл бұрын
@Michael - how do you feel in the city of Lodz? To me this is the most Jewish place in Poland actually. Even if not that old one as Krakow. Jews was for poor Jews mostly while Lodz is a place where they florished economically in the 19 century.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
To be honest I don't know Łódź very well. I have spent very little time there.
@marekmarek5954 Жыл бұрын
Mam małe ale do Michała...... Wymagasz by zacząć uwzględniać Żydów w Polskich organizacjach żydowskich czy iwentach artystycznych..... Ale by zacząć ich uwzględniać to najpierw niech się te osoby nauczą Polskiego..... Bo żeby zrozumieć kulturę i sztukę Polską i być jej częścią przedewszystkim trzeba znać język Polski !!!! Niestety Michale to trochę brzmi chipokryzją wymagać od kogoś by Cię zapraszał do tworzenia treści Polsko/Żydowskich..... Nie znając dobrze języka..... Przecież możesz sam stworzyć własną organizację i własne iwenty artystyczne a nie domagasz się by Cię do nich wpuszczono ( lub kogoś innego tylko dlatego że jesteś Żydem) . Uważam że osoby które nie znają języka Polskiego nie mają prawa niczego żądać!!!! ( Michale jesteś już chyba 6 lat w Polsce a nie znasz dobrze języka..... albo to jest lenistwo i brak chęci do nauki .... albo Niestety jest to ściema że kochasz tak Polskę..... )
@kazimierzgaska5304 Жыл бұрын
A ty ilu jeszcze lat w Polsce potrzebujesz, żeby zapamiętać, że przymiotniki piszemy małą literą?
@jekubos Жыл бұрын
Honestly, I prefer shorter materials, as I often don't have much time to watch everything I would like. But this interview was very interesting and after all I neglected my work to watch it at once 😁
@ilonaw.8352 Жыл бұрын
Long form, but I enjoyed it. Thank you.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
Glad to hear it!
@PiotrBuczyński-q4x Жыл бұрын
A little late, but still, congratulations on seeing it! Meanwhile, I will not explain my opinion, I will simply write this: The Jews who settled en masse in medieval Poland called the land (which welcomed them when they were brutally expelled from Western Europe) POLIN (meaning: here you will rest safely). Best regards to both gentlemen...
@winchesterwinston8826 Жыл бұрын
Ulice wasze kamienice naszę tak kiedyś żydzi mówili do Polaków z pogardą w Polsce what about that?
@vodkila194 Жыл бұрын
Avant la guerre, et depuis le Moyen Age, c'est en Pologne qu'il y avait la plus grande communauté juive en Europe; c'était aussi cité comme exemple d'ouverture et pendant des siècles, la cohabitation s'est remarquablement bien passée. Puis l'Allemange a envahi la Pologne et commis les Pogroms contre les juifs. Cette horreur s'est passée effectivement en Pologne, mais c'est de l'entière responsabilité de l'Allemagne nazie; aujourd'hui, la communauté juive associe le Pologne à toutes ces horreurs, mais s'ils devaient en vouloir à un pays, ce n'est évidemment pas à la Pologne, mais à l'Allemagne...
@Osoba333 Жыл бұрын
Strange, I'd never present myself as Polish Christian, I say Im Polish. But Jews cant be just Canadian or American. They always are Jews first. Mabye this is the better way to defend ones culture.
@tomaszstramel3594 Жыл бұрын
When one Polish Jew hits another Polish Jew, the media will report it as "An antisemitic Pole attacks a Jew". Jews are smart, always placing themselves on the victim side. Look at what Israel is doing now. They're bombing the living daylights out of Gazans, yet keep saying they are fighting Nazis! Even though when you look at the Gaza wasteland, you immediately think of 1944 Warsaw after the German bombing in reprisal for the 1944 Warsaw Uprising. Why, I don't even have to hypothesize! A woman ran into Grzegorz Braun while he was wielding an activated dry-powder fire extinguisher, started to pull at his arm which resulted in her face getting sprayed with the powder. Guess what the media said. It was all along the lines of "In a fit of antisemitic rage Braun attacks a woman who celebrated Hanukkah and sprays her face with dry powder". Exhibit A. Case closed.
@LS-Moto Жыл бұрын
Under the law, a Polish citizen is a Polish citizen, regardless whether they are Jewish or Christian. How each person decides to identify themselves though, is up to them. You can define yourself as a Polish Christian if you want, just like a Polish Jewish person can identify as Polish Jewish. I don't see the problem, as long as we don't distinguish between people under the law.
@adidas862 Жыл бұрын
what is this? Some kind of organized action to convince Jews around the world that Poland is the best place to live for them?
@ruthhartmann85414 ай бұрын
like your lamp
@externalwallinsulationsyst8648 Жыл бұрын
Jews will return to Poland, there is something in Poland, something very valuable. More valuable than gold or wealth. We will rebuild the Polish Hussars, we will shock the world, the prophecies will become true.
@agnieszka7231 Жыл бұрын
"Cinnamon Shops" by Bruno Schulz and "The Trial" by Kafka are required reading in high school. Each of us knows Tuwim's poem "The Locomotive". I have the impression that the "besieged fortress" policy used by the Jews is doing them an incredible disservice because they have "erased" 800 years of history on Polish lands. It is obvious to us because we learn it because it is part of our history, culture and art.
@lazymajou Жыл бұрын
Oh, I had Bruno Schultz at school (I’m Polish).
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Well, well well, have Mr Garfinkel read Adolf Eichmanns memoirs edited By Polish Jew Daniel Passent /Polityka weekly/ 1960?
@beata6265 Жыл бұрын
very nice interview
@wielebna444 Жыл бұрын
Very charismatic men. Jewish people- please come back to Poland! :)
@peterkiedron8949 Жыл бұрын
What for?
@birotariusintaberna818 Жыл бұрын
@@peterkiedron8949to piss you off.
@wielebna444 Жыл бұрын
@@peterkiedron8949 I can think of a thousand reasons but just to pick one- to write more fantastic children books, did you know that Brzechwa or Tuwim were Jewish? So our childhood was partly shaped by the Jews :)
@MMM-ep8lc Жыл бұрын
LOL Poland needs good people and those both are smart and seemingly also good people, so be welcome, but calling people to come to Poland because of their ethnicity especially if this is not Polish ethnicity it's an insanity
@peterkiedron8949 Жыл бұрын
@@wielebna444 Neither Brzechwa nor Tuwim were obsessed with their Jewishness while clearly this guy from Canada is pathologically obsessed with his Jewishness and has zero connection to Poland.
@andrzejbiesiadecki91927 ай бұрын
Living for centuries in Poland why Jewish population never learn Polish language?and then you say that people did not accept you?In Canada and USA every Jewish, person speak the language of the country including Quebec french!!!!!
@lerubenfeld7 ай бұрын
You are wrong about basically everything you said. Many Jews spoke Polish, including my entire family. Also most Canadians don’t speak French. Nice try though maybe do a bit more research.
@jacekkazimierczak8896 Жыл бұрын
I was born in Łódź, Poland. Although I have no Jewish ancestry there are number of traditions continued in my family, adopted by my grandparents from its Jewish neighbours. Specially food. It is fascinating Jewish tradition survived so many generations in non Jew family.
@kazkazimierz1742 Жыл бұрын
So was I.
@justikie1008 Жыл бұрын
Kochany Michaelu, Jest moim marzeniem, żeby dużo ludzi żydowskiego pochodzenia i ich potomków wróciło do Polski i było polskimi Żydami. No i oczywiście żeby nasze narody były jednym. Dziękuję że się do tego przyczyniasz. Mieszkam w Niemczech od 30 lat jestem szczęśliwa widząc jak dobrze można się z innymi narodami zrozumieć. To co robisz to nie tylko przyjaźń między ludźmi i narodami ale przede wszystkim pokój!
@alicjarysart Жыл бұрын
Zgadzam sie z panią!
@tomaszstramel3594 Жыл бұрын
Inni mają inne marzenie, nawet przeciwnie ukierunkowane.
@LS-Moto Жыл бұрын
Zgadzam się w 100%.
@mk1430 Жыл бұрын
Dziękuję za ten wywiad, jest niezwykle ważny również dla nas Polaków. Wspaniale się Was słuchało, tyle ciekawych wątków i tematów do dyskusji i przemyśleń. Pozdrowienia dla Was obu ❤
@lookie4448 Жыл бұрын
Well, after what happened, it'll be interesting to hear your thoughts about what happened?
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
With Braun?
@lookie4448 Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeld yeah
@ladyinthepink9865 Жыл бұрын
I am Canadian and Polish and my father was jew❤❤❤
@waldek32 Жыл бұрын
What's your view on Hanukkah in Polish parliament?
@franekkimono9833 Жыл бұрын
Dobrze ze zgasili te swieczki w sejmie bo jeszcze by sie cos zapalilo.
@jacekkoldra6485 Жыл бұрын
Chłopaki gorąco Was pozdrawiam z Warszawy ❤
@rafalkamiski737311 ай бұрын
If the answer is a tora.... Those jews are not any smarter than Koran readers.... Polish point of view....
@sawomirmarnotrawny1694 Жыл бұрын
Dear Sir, you are neither Polish, Jewish nor Canadian. these are the names given. you can't decide for yourself, which is quite understandable. I was born in Poland, I have no idea where my ancestors are from. pan szanowny to nie jest w sensie ani polakiem, żydem, czy kanadyjczykiem. to są nazwy nadane. pan sam nie moze sie zdecydowac co jest dość zrozumiałe. ja urodziłęm sie w polsce nie mam bladego pojecia z jakich stron są mipi przodkowie.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Rumours are, Poland has now the greatest number od Diaspora in the World, and it is growing.
@ewascheer7951 Жыл бұрын
It has been always the case , since around 900 AC
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
counting Russian Zone, BelaRussian and Ukrainian?@@ewascheer7951
@iskaiska6505 Жыл бұрын
@@ewascheer7951 Since 900??? You must be joking.
@ewascheer7951 Жыл бұрын
@@iskaiska6505 please go to Wikipedia ,Early history to Golden Age: 966-1572 history of Polish Jews ...I am also discovering more history and dit is fascinating how little we know and how our ignorance is weaponized for political gaines .best regards
@kiaaurora Жыл бұрын
Rumors? Are you stupid?
@rafalkamiski737311 ай бұрын
Strait away i know that i AM not gonna like IT. Cos that first guy. He is a wissle.
@Krlowanigu-mg6eg Жыл бұрын
Please stay away with your luv.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
I will keep away from you, I promise.
@moniidzia Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeld You'd better go on the other side of the road when you meet him.
@solaris2015 Жыл бұрын
Jewish PM Morawiecki lost his office today in Parliament, and German Donald Tusk will be PM. Not goof for Poland and Jews.
@baryka2015 Жыл бұрын
Jewish PM Morawiecki is Jewish ? He's father said that he is don't know anything about Jewish ancestry. Last 8 years were not, so good for relationships between Poland and Isreael especially ,because Nathaniahu and his gabinet close realationship with Putin many antipolish statments .Poland lost his independens for 123 years .Polish look on Jewish population is thru their view on Polish indepencence. Jewish historians try to avoid touch years 1864, 1919-21 ,1939-41 during soviet occupation and after WWII during soviet domination role of Jews at communist goverment apparatus.Dont forget that ortodox Jews were 80% of Jewish diaspora separated themself from Polish society.
@Bojko1970 Жыл бұрын
My good Jew again 👍
@sawomirmarnotrawny1694 Жыл бұрын
אויב איך זאָגן אַז דיין שיינקייט איז ספּעציפיש? איך אנטשולדיגט פון שטייַגן, אָבער דיין קולטור האט שטענדיק פאַסאַנייטיד מיר. Will I sound racist if I say that your beauty is specific? I'm sorry to advance, but your culture has always fascinated me.
@lerubenfeld Жыл бұрын
You mean we have a specific appearance? I don't think it is racist -- I think people like to attribute certain features to being "Jewish" but I believe it goes further back to Jews being from countries like Spain, Italy and Portugal.
@LMB222 Жыл бұрын
Żydzi spoza Izraela raczej nie znają hebrajskiego. Sasha Baron Cohen nie jest przykładem, a raczej wyjątkiem. Pisz po angielsku…
@sawomirmarnotrawny1694 Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeld yes sir. sorry for my lack of knowledge of the language. we are not Poles... we are Slavs. pagan tribe.
@sawomirmarnotrawny1694 Жыл бұрын
@@LMB222 ja osobiście nie mam nic to Żydów jednak autor kanału jest przeświadczony o tym ze ma prawo do bycia bardziej żydem niż polakiem. prawdopodobnie sie myle jednak autor kanału głosi teze ze naród żydowski był wiekszością i kontrolował polskę, że bez żydów naród polski by nie istniał.
@evka_esgie Жыл бұрын
@@lerubenfeldI think it's about Middle Eastern DNA. That's why Jews look similar to Arabs, Kurds, Armenians and partly Turks and Greeks. Of course the further places they lived in may also have influence.
@sukayna7026 Жыл бұрын
I live in Kraków. I think that this city is affected and beautified by Jewish culture and religion a lot. 😊