Keeping ICE from EXPANDING?? (in liquid nitrogen)

[@TylerBellMakes]

Huge thanks to my Patrons! They help make these videos possible. If you want some behind the scenes stuff and to help out then head over to www.patreon.com/tylerbellmakes

[@oreosmith2862]

:)

[@VerifyTheTruth]

8:15 😐

[@eyesareopentoall3320]

If you boil That same wax and drop it in cold water is extremely dangerous no joke that’s why the flames started because the rain touched the hot wax. It sounds stupid but I’m serious this is very dangerous your lucky it didn’t start raining hard and please do not do this this is a warning to be careful when using that wax

[@-Untitled-]

Thanks for putting it in C°

[@Ghost_4576]

You should try this again, but cast the boxes so the welds aren't as much of a weak point

[@hacksmith]

Love this! First time finding your channel -- you're going places!

[@TylerBellMakes]

Thanks so much!!

[@TylerBellMakes]

Very impressed by the engineering company and the media company you guys have created. Super exciting to see the businesses that other creators are making!

[@flowboy4483]

This is awesome!!!!

[@RadoWave]

@@flowboy4483 yeah

[@kurtissharp8616]

Omg i think it would be a really cool collaboration id love to see what you guys will come up with together maybe help eachother in your videos

[@bjarnivalur6330]

Fun fact: This is how we used to remove rocks here in Iceland, drill a hole into it fill it with water and wait for it to freeze. Nowadays dynamite is a lot quicker.

[@Nevir202]

They still remove concrete in this way under certain circumstances, though it's with expanding concrete rather than water ice.

[@It-b-Blair]

🙀🤯 well now my rocky land in VT just got a lot easier to landscape! Permits for dynamite in a town to remove ledge? Ha! Thank you for sharing that good sir!

[@matthewfiedler4739]

We do this in welding class for fun by making a cube, filling it with water, welding it shut then holding a acetylene torch under neath it causing the water to boil and it eventually blows from the pressure

[@Nevir202]

@@matthewfiedler4739 How do you avoid being boiled when they blow? I assume by "holding a acetylene torch" you must not actually mean "holding" it eh?

[@KClO3]

sæll

[@billunderwood3392]

A dozen years ago I read about an experimental bicycle in a cold country - Norway, maybe - that used a water-filled cylinder. The bike, left outdoors overnight, froze the water; the expansion pushed a piston against a massive spring to load it to power a gear-train for riding next day.

[@peterduxbury927]

Yes, I saw that video. But the resultant force (as created by expanding ice) only propelled the bike 10 metres or less.

[@jonathangreenawalt5724]

Safety improvement for the next experiment, put a hinged lid on the VTCB such that the lid when opening the opening is facing away from one self (hinge on the side of the clear part or 2 side hinges so its attached to metal sides). This would make it so that any exploding things get deflected away from you as the lid opens to deaden any upward momentum of any projectiles or liquid. A hinge vs a heavy lid is preferred so that the lid itself doesn't become a projectile. One thing that Mythbusters showed is during the cigarette lighter experiment is that a loosely placed lid can direct gas toward the user, Adam in that case, singeing his hairs and they also taught us that besides things flying at you they fly up and around. Nice safety precautions you have taken, I do commend you for that. The liquid nitrogen could have been deflected by the ceiling to go back toward yourself, but luckily it didnt. Its better to have a controlled deflection.

[@BenAtTheTube]

Yes, he is a lucky fellow. Stands behind a shield in case the bullet proof box fails, then when nitrogen is low, walks around both of these to add more nitrogen while the box keeps cooling. That could very well have been when the box exploded! You needed a larger tank of nitrogen on a pivot operated by a rope from inside your shield, just pull the rope to dump more nitrogen into the small container.

[@b0rd3n]

yes, and remember... keep a constant flow of pizza.

[@cheshirecynic3061]

@@b0rd3n And don't forget to take brownie breaks!

[@RatzerLeaf]

@@BenAtTheTube and a hard hat, its beyong me that he didthis without any face protection tbh... his head is totally unprotected from anything from above

[@J.C...]

You don't think the hinge can break?

[@skatefreak666666]

this is a good demonstration of pressure vessel design and using leak before failure criteria. basically you want to size the thickness of the vessel to fail slowly, and relieving pressure before it becomes so high it causes an explosion

[@caraday7768]

I would love to see a sequel to this video where you go up to 3/8, 1/2, etc... until the ice is contained

[@BraxtonHoward]

So much anxiety watching you handle those things.

[@Troy-Sheets]

Came here to say this, he's basically handling a live bomb and just because it didn't explode in the nitrogen doesn't mean it won't go when he's jostling it, etc., especially having it up at face level. Yikes!

[@BraxtonHoward]

@@Troy-Sheets every time he cut to him holding a still steamy box my everything tightened up and I yelled at the TV.

[@milandavid7223]

As he said, since the boxes are filled with a solid, they tend to crack rather than explode. It would still break your hands tho.

[@BraxtonHoward]

@@milandavid7223 shattering your hands isn't scary?

[@BrutuxMusic]

spherical next

[@andersrasmussen3942]

The steel embrittlement temperature will depend entirely on the steel type and grade. Looks like carbon steel was used for the boxes. So that would typically mean significant embrittlent from around -20 to -40 degrees C. The transition happens gradually over a temperature range.

[@williamguillermovilzane8707]

The thing with the canned soup is the chemistry of the soup, there are a lot of macro and micro components that make a different structure than just water only

[@malayrojak]

Steel will embrittle as it is cooled. Another one for you to try to make the box out of is in Stainless steel, which does not become brittle at cryogenic temperatures (therefore it will not crack and fail when you cryo dip it).

[@studyoabi]

You wasted a great chance to say "Cold diggity" lol

[@kaarel545]

It would be appreciated if you could use metric conversions alongside imperial ones for international viewers like me. Especially for the gauge measures seeing as it's nonlinear and thus more difficult to learn(I can do rough conversions for most imperial units in my head so they aren't as big of a problem).

[@drezster]

I've always wondered what happens when water is frozen in a strong enclosure. Nice work!

[@flamerollerx01]

The canned soup (broth) makes sense, because it is sealed with a negative pressure, so it has a little extra room to expand. Also, there is some level of extra empty space in those soup cans, so when you add up the negative pressure and the extra space, you likely get at least 9% of the cans volume.

[@kieragard]

That's not why. Water is the only molecules that expands in its solid state. Broth when frozen will shrink. It's normal for everything else to shrink in its solid state.

[@stinkygOat]

this guy gives me good vibes. youve earned a new sub

[@fjs1111]

Water might expand 9%, however keep in mind the other components in the soup might also compress to absorb some of the expansion. Food for thought! ;-)

[@freedom_aint_free]

It's a common exercise in physical chemistry to calculate "work of expansion at constant volume or isochoric conditions" that the water does and it is well above the strength of most materials.

[@jsweizston5410]

Would be interesting to use some of that super hard steel filler rod and see what your results are. Good test of welds and hardness of steel vs pressure.

[@gorkem9371]

Nice one, now I'm wondering if the water gets colder in a slower rate than it does in open environment and how the pressure dynamics affects changing forms. I think it should effect but the question is, with a thick enough wall, is it possible to stop water to freeze or evaporate or will it inevitably explode at some point?

[@hemppu6974]

Good that someone did this as I've been wanting to see this for a long time

[@YilmazDurmaz]

I think you should try the wax experiment again. You were trying to test expansion of wax when it melts, but you put melted wax into the box. you should pour it slowly and let it cool inside the box. the way you did possibly caused more air pockets inside where the expansion found its way hence preventing the expected explosive expansion.

[@BIGSTANK1983]

I know your trying to be as safe as you can but a few times I was really afraid for your safety. Be careful but it's awesome to watch you learn.

[@scottieb6442]

The nitrogen introduction caused thermal shock in the first cube, hence the embrittlement observed. A high deltaT in a short amount of time creates a lot more material stress than slowly cooling it.

[@patman0250]

Actually the liquid nitrogen doesn't affect alter the steel and makes it extremely brittle. Depending on how good this steel is it might not matter it's the welds that are going to be the weak point. And in fact that's where they initially failed. The welds became brittle due to the liquid nitrogen altering and ultimately damaging the crystalline structure of the welds.

[@19smkl91]

While visualizing expanding ice on a popcan you can get visualization of popping a can too, significantly lowering excitement having to clean the fridge.

[@snorelaxplanet9569]

I love how excited he gets about science

[@JayDawn01]

Bro is like yea ima fill this with even more nitro, one sec and doesnt even blink at the thought of it exploding at the last second. Man, the stuff people do online. That being said, awesome video. Mythbusters has inspired many folks. I love it.

[@CreepyChappy]

I love how excited you are !!

[@shanemeyer9224]

I was absolutely terrified that you pulled that cube out and held it next to your face before it warmed back up

[@alexkram]

Instant subscriber here. I don't know what your background is but I'm a mechanical engineer and this is impressive. The 40,000 psi part is news to me. I wonder if the 10,000 ft thick ice sheet in Greenland has some type 2 ice near the bottom.

[@JaredLucas]

Another thing that would be interesting would be doing the same experiment but having heat treated the boxes after welding to remove the residual local tensile stresses. Perhaps it'd end up failing in the base material?

[@willedrington1379]

Could you tell me what software you are using to simulate those stresses at the 4:54 mark? I think I would like to use it.

[@The4stro]

the reverse of the wax experiment could be interesting aswell. a thinner steel plate filled with molten wax that is the cooled

[@hootinouts]

Maybe try repeating this using ASTM A500 square mechanical tubing. Then you would only have to weld plates on two sides. Your welds appear to have failed adjacent to the welds (heat affected zone). You may not have gotten enough penetration during welding.

[@suflaj9314]

The thing is if you have frozen the water in cylindrical or spherical shape, it would've bursted much quicker due to the fact that all the pressure is "wasted" on the walls becoming sphere...

[@gavinj721]

It will always explode unless the wall material can withstand the force if water reaching the temperature of the liquid nitrogen without freezing. Water will cool below 32 degrees without freezing, but as it gets colder there is a stronger expanding force for the water wanting to freeze. The more you know

[@daviddavid5880]

No mention of the original artillery shell experiment? Have a heart.

[@Badoonk]

in theroy, you can make a certain type of ice called ice III and it gets smaller when it freezes.

[@darkloot]

wax: starts a fire Tyler: oh, ok!

[@JonnyMudMower]

A moment of silence for all the forgotten beers that exploded in the freezer.😔

[@bloob4719]

In case you are wondering, only water expands when it freezes. Other liquids do not.

[@EngineerNick]

Pointless with regular steel, temperature has a strong effect on material strength and toughness. I think you would get better results with more exotic materials that don't lose so much strength in cold. I found some stuff about 9% nickle steels....

[@levanderneninhas]

Awesome video, it took an absurd effort to make it for sure

[@alexd7951]

Man, great value brand Jschlat is really smart

[@M0JHN]

Radiator valves take advantage of the wax expansion as it regulates radiators room temperature.

[@nemtudom5074]

0:35 The payday gang cracked a safe by filling it with water and throwing C4 in there

[@kablammy7]

it may be possible that the water in the soup was able to compress the solids instead of pressurize the can . Probably because the ice formed from the outside - in . The way to test that is have the cooling be on the inside of the soup instead of the outside .

[@mickeygallo6586]

I can tell you'll have a nice future ahead of you, technology, or science wise !

[@drmilkweed]

Assuming he doesn't die from doing stupid stuff like handling pressurized steel containers right next to his fully exposed face.

[@jasonarcher7268]

Very cool experiment. Really enjoyed the video

[@petersmythe6462]

My immediate instinct is that you need very thick walls. Compressing liquid water is a lot like compressing a gas except it starts at 20000 atm. So to compress ice by 10% you probably will need 2000 atmospheres = 200 MPa if its behavior is like water.

[@denzzlinga]

I´d love to see a box made of some "serious steel", like 1" thick at least.

[@ccvvxxbbbbxxvvcc7541]

In my idea of the experiment we don't want the water to turn to ice we want it to remain water under extreme cold pressurized conditions so we need an indestructible intake valve and an indestructible pump that can continually put more water in to increase the pressure so it can't turn to ice while the temperature lowers. At this point, it's probably glowing but rinse and repeat. Hopefully we then get a snap freeze with net energy gain, maybe they did a movie about it from the 90's?

[@ccvvxxbbbbxxvvcc7541]

So after thinking it over I realized you'd probably then have to leave our ice cube battery out in the sun so it can melt and once it gets hot enough you just release the pressure so you can replace your battery with a colder one.

[@Millyybop]

i like how he just, poked the box even though itd been inside liquid nitrogen for like maybe an hour

[@johnybottle5874]

Man I think you got really lucky with the last test. All liquids and solids can waporize into gasses that could potentialy create explosive situations especialy when wax is even flamable.

[@A_Wild_Dyzzy]

I’m curious if the nitrogen also weakened the welding joints was the main cause of the failure. I wonder if there could possibly be a way to prevent a failure by embrittlement.

[@nathanbelcher1139]

Unless your welds are perfect, it doesn't really matter what thickness the walls are. They'll only be as strong as your weakest weld.

[@Shabobidhuffy]

Gibs free energy. Not just the order at some temp, but also the hydrogen bonds being broken/ formed. Need to take it all into consideration

[@Hekinsieden]

Wow dude! Ice was so cool that they made Ice 2!

[@David-yy7lb]

Try using a 2" thick steel sphere with a threaded 2" top fill it with water and freeze it I doubt the sphere will crack at all

[@bobbydirtamiyer2151]

Definitely should have filled one with pop since we know it expands in the freezer so well. 👍

[@RCichard]

8:48 - You have balls seeing how violent these explosions can be, then handling that thing 6" from your face with just a flimsy sheet of plastic to save your eyes and face.....

[@sikliztailbunch]

You got some serious balls taking that bulged out box into your hands :-D

[@machinesandthings9641]

When my dad was in the navy 30yeas ago they used to dip rats they caught on the ship and dip them in liquid nitrogen and watch them shatter on the ground. Probably can’t do that anymore

[@jakejager]

Try cylindrical containers, bet you could get more results like the can...round tends to do better than square in thilese sorta of cases...

[@alexyochum5648]

Theres a reason steam was called the hand of god. No clutches or anything, it just pushes. I truly think a modern day advanced steam engine would be super efficient and powerful

[@liveuk]

Thank you, always wanted to but never dared to.

[@ryanbarton6945]

Now honestly 2 things I would have done differently would have been weld the inside of the box where possible and larger weld size on the bung

[@st.charlesstreet9876]

Science experiments that is so interesting and fascinating that I just had to stop and say Thanks for showing us what can happen. But please be careful! 😳

[@lordcinmin]

first off dope video but. i actually feel like im going crazy i swear i watched this video like a year ago i remember watching it in my last house (moved in December) and i go and look at my browsing history to see i apparently watched this in April inbetween 2 videos that i actually remember watching here in my new house and have no recollection of watching it that day. makes me feel like im losing my sanity

[@crunk74]

All of the boxes had residual stresses due to welding. So, I wonder how the failure modes might have been affected if the boxes had been annealed?

[@fmh357]

I think you are risking your safety holding those frozen cubes while still ultra cold. There's always a possibility they could shatter and take your face off. It was interesting though save the safety issue.

[@fredio54]

Interesting that it failed in the heat affected zone. Hardened and got too hard and just cracked. If you annealed the entire thing it might go quite differntly. Only at 7:02 and have to duck out for an hour, continuing to the end when I get back.

[@divingfalconfpv4602]

Doesn't the freezing of the metal make it more likely to break.

[@Patrick.Weightman]

Love from Snohomish. Be careful out there

[@FlamingRobzilla]

Canned soup does not freeze/expand like water because the salt content won't allow the water to crystalize properly.

[@whatscookingresearch]

I think the broth has fats in it and it will compress while the ice expands.

[@charlesyates6687]

Canned soup is Canned under vacume . Done by hot soup being dealer in the can when it cold it creates vacume.

[@RavenDrakearud]

Tyler seems like the type of person to drink LaCroix, NGL

[@benzii9331]

Soup can isn't full. It did expand, just not enough to put pressure on the can.

[@zacharycolton267]

Here I am just living my life when this guy drops ice 2 on me

[@teamunicorn9389]

If you pulled all air out of the box while ensuring there was only water left over, I bet it would be more explosive. But be safe!

[@crohkorthreetoes3821]

The whole time I'm watching this wondering if you realize 43,000psi is the average chamber pressure of an actual rifle.

[@acorgiwithacrown467]

Just a word of caution, mythbusters found out those blast shields were pretty much useless

[@woody7422]

Would there be any different results using a triangle instead of a spear ?

[@TheGbelcher]

Salt water doesn’t expand as much as fresh water. The broth probably expanded a little but much less due to the salt, oils, and other ingredients

[@ovocrowovo1666]

should have done a spherical concept just like the original. too many points of breaking or ruptering for it to produce an explosive effect

[@allegorx58]

Keep it up, Tyler. You should hire some people so you can put out more than 1ep/m. 500k this time next year either way.

[@jonny5955]

"Well dang, it's on fire."

[@charlesk7687]

Salt content in soup maybe prevented the soup from freezing through?

[@JaCubed1951]

fire starts* oh okay

[@wartable]

Wondering if the sodium in the soups affects the freezing and expansion

[@yui907]

You shouldn't have put them in the freezer, you should have put them in a 1 degree Celsius fridge.

[@sirshurlur9004]

how would your experiment react with water that was first put in a vacuum and then put in the liquid nitrogen?

[@mandowarrior123]

Hmm I was under the impression wax thermometers are good partly because they don't really 'explode'

[@TechTokOffical]

Should try something other than metal that won't get brittle when it get that cold. Also what about freezing but at a normal temp where the steel won't be so brittle

[@Lumberperson]

Dude, please do not ever pick up something enclosed and filled with water out of liquid nitrogen. You should wait at least a few hours after the nitrogen has evaporated completely before you pick it up. It could literally explode otherwise, and those gloves won’t save your fingers, and your safety gear won’t help either. Please be patient. And if you’re dealing with something like wax, you should cover your head, face and neck, or cover yourself completely . You might even want to build a top for the blast shield.

[@SullySadface]

Firstly, it's called "soda" And secondly, lol Lacroix

[@erictaylor3496]

You are extremely lucky the wax did not fail. A 9 inch long wax candle has the same energy as a stick of dinamite.

[@RESISTAGE]

next : same test only with boiling.