Vlog 380: Complete blood count (CBC): Procedure, preparation, indication, abnormal values

Complete blood count (CBC): Procedure, preparation, indication, abnormal values
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A Complete Blood Count (CBC) is a common blood test that provides crucial information about a person's overall health. This test measures various components of the blood, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets.
1. *Red Blood Cells (RBCs):* These cells, also known as erythrocytes, carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and transport carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation. The CBC assesses the number of RBCs per volume of blood, known as the red blood cell count (RBC count). A normal RBC count ensures effective oxygen delivery.
2. *Hemoglobin (Hb):* Hemoglobin is a protein within RBCs that binds to oxygen and gives blood its red color. The CBC measures the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. Low hemoglobin levels may indicate anemia, while high levels could suggest dehydration or other conditions.
3. *Hematocrit (Hct):* This parameter represents the proportion of blood that consists of RBCs. It is expressed as a percentage. Changes in hematocrit levels may indicate conditions such as dehydration or overhydration.
4. *White Blood Cells (WBCs):* Also known as leukocytes, these cells play a crucial role in the immune system, defending the body against infections. The CBC provides a WBC count, which can help identify infections or immune system disorders.
5. *Platelets:* Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small cell fragments involved in blood clotting. The CBC assesses the platelet count, and abnormalities may indicate bleeding disorders or increased risk of clotting.
6. *Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV):* MCV measures the average volume of a single RBC. This parameter helps classify anemias and can provide insights into the size of RBCs in the bloodstream.
7. *Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH):* MCH calculates the average amount of hemoglobin in a single RBC. It is useful in diagnosing various types of anemia.
8. *Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC):* MCHC represents the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. It can aid in diagnosing and classifying different types of anemia.
9. *Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW):* RDW measures the variation in RBC size. Elevated RDW levels may indicate certain types of anemia.
A CBC provides valuable insights into a person's health and helps healthcare professionals diagnose and monitor a wide range of conditions, including anemia, infections, inflammation, and bleeding disorders. Interpretation of CBC results requires considering various factors, including age, sex, and overall health.
Regular monitoring of CBC results can aid in the early detection of potential health issues, allowing for timely intervention and management. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider for a thorough interpretation of CBC results and appropriate follow-up actions based on individual health considerations.

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[@Joydebsingha]

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