X Inactivation and Epigenetics (2017) Etsuko Uno wehi.tv

[@Guoldisney]

This team are the best molecular biology animators of the world. Not only because the videos look great, but they pay a lot of emphasis in brownian motion, random collisions, molecular twitching and protein overcrowded cell compartments. Being the most accurate artist view of the molecular sized life process, duplicates the beauty. Congrats!

[@satisfaction2009eBay]

These animations are easily the best media productions in the history of the universe. [tear drop]

[@edwinismail9401]

fact

[@MercifulArchitect]

if we ever meet aliens, this is what they need to see first!

[@ozzie_goat]

I love the sound effects. Splat!

[@Eduardado]

the frightening sounds make the video more interesting for me :)

[@eireannsg]

The X inactivation is FAKE NEWS.

[@colejohnson4941]

@@eireannsg wut

[@eireannsg]

@@colejohnson4941 You can't even write proper English. No wonder you don't understand anything.

[@colejohnson4941]

@@eireannsg Wow, you just got a lot of information out of a one word reply. Anyhow, I'm just curious as to why X inactivation is "FAKE NEWS"

[@Justin-wm6qh]

10 years later, still one of the best if not THE best video with regards to X-inactivation ever!

[@michasosnowski5918]

Drew Berry and Etsuko Uno are gods for making this kind of animations happen. The rest of the team also does great job. Thank you!

[@fleks16]

I absolutely love it! A whole lecture of epigenetics in 10 minutes. Hats down!

[@geisonizidio]

Fantastic video! But we have more than just epigenetics here 😃👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽

[@michaelqiu9722]

Not really. You don’t know basic stuff in epigenetics like H3K27me3, Chip-seq, DNMT and TET enzymes etc.

[@Gelatinocyte2]

@@michaelqiu9722 that doesn't sound like "basic stuff", you just listed names of specific proteins/DNA sequences/RNA molecules (whichever they are).

[@michaelqiu9722]

@@Gelatinocyte2 It's basic for people who study epigenetics

[@Gelatinocyte2]

@@michaelqiu9722 you mean it's basic for *doctors* who *specialize* in epigenetic diseases. This video DOES touch upon the very basic (general basics) of epigenetics - like DNA methylation, and nucleosome modification and remodeling.

[@WEHImovies]

Thanks everyone! @mdoerkse We use Maya for animation and After Effects for compositing.

[@videodjuegos6914]

A los primeros 4 días después de la fecundación como se encuentran los cromosomas X provenientes del padre y de la madre ???? me podria explicar porfavor

[@kunalpatil4612]

This was absolutely amazing, with crystal clear explanation, visual and sound effects. The best educational video I have watched so far. Thank you very much!

[@neccowaif9]

Those sound effects! I love how they convey how squishy it all is in there. Thanks for these videos!

[@Xakana]

This was riveting. This was included in my Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression class. Absolutely fascinating to watch. Thank you!

[@nikitagupta6164]

This is one of the best channels on KZbin. Great information, great animation, and weird, but great sound effects as well!

[@ThiagoBenazziMaia]

Amazing work. I can just imagine the time take to made all this thousand atoms dynamics to work for the video.

[@eireannsg]

The computer did it.

[@dvorakmichalek3121]

This is blowing my mind. I dont understand like 80% of what hes saying but in highschool these are the questions I wondered but couldnt properly ask. I wanted to see. I wanted to see what was happening. Id ask questions but the teacher would look at me like I was crazy. I love watching these videos. Life is ridiculously complicated

[@TheMarcopolo83]

The best video of epigenetic ever, no doubt!!

[@CzechNeight]

I don't see anyone else use audio as a metaphor. The sound effects makes these videos so much more engaging and accessible. I love stuff at this level of science that is meant for a wide audience. AND ITS 11 YEARS OLD!

[@hilaltuncer6149]

the best animation about epigenetics...

[@francisduenas4072]

this is one of the best descriptions + visuals

[@nonyabizniz]

How can one not be simply fascinated and intrigued by this? Outstanding video.

[@IntraFinesse]

I enjoyed the lecture. Great animation, it helped me visualize what was going on.

[@hectorsantos4662]

I'm following the playlist "Biomedical Animation by wehi.tv" and I've got to say, this is one of the most amazing and beautiful things I've ever seen. Great work.

[@EDUARDO12348]

Am pushing the like button over and over again

[@preslavaberkova8960]

Thank you so much! The bast animations I've seen so far...

[@thomasrademaker233]

this is the most breathtaking animation of DNA. the sounds are everything

[@rafesmommy]

This was a very descriptive, easy-to-understand video. Thank you

[@ringoze]

Really like the voice-over style too.

[@gspb4]

hands down one of the best biology videos

[@guitarkatie]

i love the sound on this!

[@josephnolan7364]

Excellent video, loved the combination of audio/visual effects paired with the soothing, laconic narrator .

[@roidroid]

the sounds always really brings me into this world.

[@charlespendragon1742]

Thank you very much! You've saved my final exam!

[@iestynne]

Absolutely unbelievable. It's like magic. So hard to grasp that this evolved via stochastic processes. I do wonder if human technology will ever catch up. It's just so so far ahead of us, and took such a monumental optimization process to create.

[@hansmack6792]

Your videos are so good! Thanks for your scientific and artistic effort!

[@patriciabong20]

Thank you so much, WEHI!

[@pdjinne65]

Life is so incredibly complex. I don't think our brains are supposed to be able to understand all this, but it's fascinating that they can by naming things and understanding patterns. Compared to it, our micro-processors, CPUs, GPUs and AIs are children toys.

[@gustavbloom7768]

Amazing. Is there any debate about the sound effects ? I would vote for leaving them out. Thanks.

[@darleneestrada8101]

I love genetics and these types of videos..matter of fact I plan to present my PHD dissertation in this format.

[@PresidentOfBlah]

the animation and sound effects so scary - i forgot to actually listen to the spoken word. I LOVED IT!

[@kimanipatrick]

This is a very good clip. Great in terms of animation and explanation.

[@TechyBen]

Nucleosome sliding? Wow. That is amazing. The fidelity and accuracy of the system is brilliant.

[@inkajoo]

considering that all this evolved over time by itself, seems the essence of brilliance itself, or perfection, isn't actually rooted in the idea of the miracle, or spontaneous creation, but rather the patient testing and selection of alternative possibilities, and openness to change.

[@TechyBen]

Roger Levy Sorry, that assumes the conclusion. I'm open to possibilities. Though I prefer what is most probable. As you say, we are required to think about these things, we cannot learn about them by selecting our beliefs by "chance". :)

[@WellThatsSilly]

What you're saying really, is that if you have a jar of clock parts, and shake it for long enough, you may end up with a perfectly functioning timepiece? With the ability to not only write down its own plans, but also replicate itself by reading those plans. While the jar is still being shook.

[@TechyBen]

That is the truly difficult part of it all. Get any (mathematical, logical or physical laws) system, then arrange it such that it does exactly what simple life/cells/DNA with RNA does. It seems to leave us with two difficult conclusions. Either the space of all possible arrangements is too large to allow for a chance, or we have to accept it as a given. The two ways to look at the requirement for the unprobable to have happened, is either that all possibilities did happen, or that one was more preferred over the other. No matter how we look at it, life is unique, and not mundane.

[@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk]

@@WellThatsSilly that's not how evolution works.

[@mejjar]

This video is fraggin' awesome. Thank you so much!

[@walterricardomencholavasquez]

Very good explanation and a wonderful video, thank you, congratulations.

[@marlenfalkenberg2751]

I absolutely love it. Thank you very much for this video

[@cr3flo]

Awesome video! I think the eerie background sound and the bad ass graphics make it so engrossing.

[@PatrickStaight]

Do the histones detach from the inactive X chromosomes during mitosis (and then reattach immediately after)?

[@tarka38tara34]

how did scientists understand all these mechanisms which are so complex and invisible, thank you

[@Daniela-jk3bg]

Loved the animations!

[@budekins542]

Outstanding animation.

[@carolblair224]

Love the sound track!

[@ShyamBhakta]

Beautiful molecular animations!

[@hasnakhan2436]

So which comes first: histone tail modifications or de-condensation (allowing TFs and histone modifying proteins to bind)?

[@LejdiJ]

Awesome video and graphics!! great explanation! Thank you

[@nmkadhim]

Subscribed. Amazing stuff, but I would appreciate it if you go more into details. This is very general and I'm constantly looking for detailed descriptions.

[@mmcindy33]

Thank you for the AWESOME video!! HELPS A LOT!!!!!!!

[@goaheadmakemyday7126]

That's really, REALLY cool. But my question is why does the X chromosome undergo inactivation? If the female's autosomal chromosomes don't have to undergo inactivation and both of all her autosomal chromosomes can be active at the same time, then why must one of these X chromosomes be turned off?

[@drouhin]

OMG. I'm female, and I'm a little freaked out right now. >:O Awesome animation, though, and a great pedagogic tool.

[@fullsolangeveloso]

A really well-done video, visual and informative

[@BrentLeVasseur]

Great job on the 3D animation for this video.

[@citizenofNecropoliS]

absolutely love the narration and sound effects!thnx!:)

[@DanielLee-jr5fr]

Excellent graphics and narrative!

[@bradhilton2283]

this like something straight out David croninberg

[@michasosnowski5918]

Eat healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables. Exercise regularly, meet your friends or make some and your body would know how to repair itself and stay healthy.

[@gretela4668]

This makes me love science even more

[@AB-if8pd]

Who created us with this detail and harmony? I'm still baffled by one cell work, can't get my head wrapped around it and yet 100 billions of cell working in harmony which makes one of us a scientist, another a thief, a lawyer, doctor, a homeless, a brocker and so on and so forth. I am going crazy by all this precise detailed engineering that generates all kinds of molecular machines and regenerate itself. WOW.

[@yuanitalangi8069]

Thank you very much....great explaining..

[@yasamanmirzaee4166]

it was really helpful thank you so much

[@pascalgrunder1055]

Very helpful, Thank you.

[@unknownvector1]

This is just awesome

[@theoreticalorigamiresearch186]

I know the colors and shapes can be abstracted away to understand what is "really going on"... can those sounds be abstracted away as well?

[@patchouliknowledge8112]

Can you explain me how does allele gene's interaction of 2 female's X chromosomes work? I mean, if, for example, haemophilla disease appears as an X-linked recessive inheritance and a dominant gene turned up to be in inactivated X chromosome, so how does recessive gene expression can be suppressed by an inactivated gene in allele chromosome?

[@chantellehollingsworthplow4695]

Thank you so much. Very helpful (if creepy sound effects - maybe that helped the info imprint on my memory lol). At the point when the egg has both maternal and paternal X chromosomes - before methylation occurs to silence one of the Xs,: DOES Crossover occur at this point (just before the silencing)?

[@jogobig1319]

bonjour Si un père ( cadet dans sa famille) qui a la calvitie et que à ses gène dans notre corps est ce que le fils est disposé à l’avoir ? Si oui y a t’il un moyen d’éviter cela ?

[@Sunflower1405]

Great video. Great explanation. Thank you.

[@Jindy2]

Just great! Many thanks.

[@jto1292]

AMAZING. seriously, this is so useful. the animation is superb!!

[@dummyhead3]

Love the sound effects !

[@priyankasasmal4879]

Thankyou for the detailed information. I liked the animation also. Can you help me solve the doubt which arised .. What happens when their is an X-linked disease in females if one of the X chromosome is inactive? We say that males are more susceptible to the X-linked diseases since they have only one X chromosome and females have another X-chromosome to overcome the defects in one X -chromosome.. So how it happens if the other X- chromosome is inactive?

[@giovannapg7532]

I love this video so much

[@holyhell5050]

Epicgenetics. Absolutely fantastic video!

[@vinniesharon477]

Amazing compilation!!

[@asifdawar9302]

Awsome collection

[@AnimeUni-versed]

This is amaaaazing

[@Taropok]

2:55 what happens during meiosis, does the inactive X chromosome gets reactivated again? what happens during mitosis, does the inactive X chromosome gets inactivated again in the new cells?

[@santhoshnagraju7859]

what happens to the inactive X chromosome during segregation ???? is it active or inactive ????

[@retihedley6481]

Bravo! Oncore oncore fro Aotearoa. Thank you for your amazing knowledge

[@nancy1352]

really wonder fulll thanks forward

[@huttarl]

Very informative. What are the sounds based on?

[@lakea.6218]

Subscribed - In theory, can X-linked genetic polymorphisms potentially be “inactivated” through this mechanism?

[@paramino]

this is so helpful, it clears everything!

[@keepondev]

thank you for the great video

[@parnordqvist3895]

But if both X-chromosomes were active, what would happen then? Would genetical abnormity appear?

[@AnnikaVictoria24]

Hi WEHI, I was wondering if someone could explain this for me! If a female has an X-linked recessive disease (say that the diseased or mutated gene was on the paternal X-chromosome), will the disease be less severe than if a male had the same disease, because half of her cells will contain active maternal X-chromosomes and inactive paternal X-chromosomes?

[@ThePathOfEudaimonia]

Yes, that's true. Males tend to experience more symptoms of the disease because they only have one X-chromosome (and thus only the mutated gene copy on this chromosome). And with many X-linked diseases, males have a higher chance of getting the disease in the first place. One little sidenote though: Males get their X-chromosome from the mother, so there is actually no "paternal X-chromosome" in males.

[@GeneticJulia]

+Annika Victoria Yes, that is why males are very disproportionally affected by X-linked disorders such as colourblindness and haemophilia. But indeed fathers can never pass this on to their sons, only carrier daughters.

[@hugodaniel8975]

@@ThePathOfEudaimonia what about lgbt people?

[@ThePathOfEudaimonia]

@@hugodaniel8975 Could you be more specific in your question?

[@hugodaniel8975]

@@ThePathOfEudaimonia do Barr bodies make people attracted to men? Like woman are usually attracted to men, maybe gay men or trans women have x inactivation too. Lesbians dont have barr bodies and so on

[@VicKyCusTard]

when the view changes when the nucleosome remodeller attaches its like frodo put the ring on

[@lokomomo33]

LOVE YOU GUYS!

[@TheKainMan]

Epicness at it's finest.

[@mouvementebr3575]

true wonder of intelligent design

[@sanxxxx]

The sound effects make it sound like some kind of a horror movie lol Love it.

[@TheNasaDude]

Does the inactive gene get used as a backup in case of damage to the active one? How does RNA polymerase decide where to bind, which one strand of the double helix to read, and which direction to go?

[@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk]

RNA polymerase doesn't "decide" where to bind, it has an affinity to a specific short sequence of base pairs where it will always bond to. That sequence also determines which strand and what direction the polymerase will take. Due to the molecular structure of a DNA strand, the polymerase can only run in one direction; it can't go the other way around. The two strands of DNA double helix run on opposite directions; that means the polymerase goes one way transcribing one strand, and goes the other way when transcribing the other strand.

[@TheNasaDude]

@@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk thank you for the insight! Does it mean that both sides of the helix are useful for making proteins? I always thought that one side was the "master" and the other was the "consistency check/error detection and correction", otherwise proteins would have to be palindromes.

[@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk]

@@TheNasaDude The "sense" strand - the "master" - can be on either side of the double helix, though they're usually on one side most of the time. But they cannot be on both sides in a section of the double helix. Same for the complementary "non-sense" strand - the "consistency check". Both strands can act as the "consistency check" to one another, even errors on the non-sense strand need to be corrected.

[@TheNasaDude]

@@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk thankbyou for the clear explanation

[@RockerProf]

What's with the weird sound effects? Distracting.

[@shann5408]

Thanks