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Medicine in the Middle Ages was often a lot more complex and sophisticated than many people assume. In the 11th century, a translation movement reintroduced much of ancient medical theory--and introduced for the first time much from the Arabic tradition--into the medieval medical worldview, and medieval physicians would use this theory to diagnose and suggest cures for their patients. But what happened when this theory suggested that sex would be the best medicine? How did the very Christian medieval populace react? Well it turns out medieval views about sex and sexuality were just as complex and nuanced as their medicine.
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Works cited and recommendations for further reading:
-Conrad, Lawrence I. The Western medical tradition: 800 B.C.-1800 A.D. (Cambridge University Press, 1995).
-Gerald of Wales. The Jewel of the Church. John J. Hagen, trans. (Lugduni Batavorum: Brill, 1979) [the episode about Louis VII and the bishop of Louvain are recounted in Distinction 2, ch. 11; the bit about Louis is also repeated word for word in Gerald's Instructions for a Ruler ch. 20 along with a similar situation involving his grandson, future Louis VIII]
-Pormann, Peter E., Emilie Savage-Smith. Medieval Islamic Medicine (Edinburgh University Press, 2007).
-Wallis, Faith, ed. Medieval Medicine: A Reader (University of Toronto Press, 2010) [Includes Wallis's translation of Constantine the African's book "De Coitu"]
-William of Malmesbury. Gesta Pontificum Anglorum: The History of the English Bishops. Michael Winterbottom, Rodney M. Thomson, trans. (Oxford University Press, 2007) [for Maurice, see book 1, ch. 64]
All images used in this video are either my own, in the public domain, under fair use, or under creative commons (whence they shall be credited appropriately)
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Outro music: Laid Back Guitars by Kevin MacLeod, CC BY-SA 4.0
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