X Inactivation: The full mechanism, the formation of the Barr body, Heterochromatin and euchromatin

[@Nisha-hg9tc]

I never comment on anything but I had to sign in to do this. Thank you so much. This is so helpful and exactly what I was looking for! Plus it was uploaded on my birthday so I think it was just meant to be. Thanks again!

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

HAHAHA thank you for your comment, I appreciate that ... Ya, maybe it was meant to be a secret gift for your birthday .. stay tuned :D

[@JorgeBrown]

This response was activated by NISHA protein...haha@@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989 This

[@davidfierro7399]

My professor taught this in a way that would've probably confused every scientist on the face of the planet including Steven Hawking. But you have managed to make me understand this without crying. My most sincere gratitude to you, hopefully one day my name will have the MD next to it because of you and only you.

[@mo_ahmed18]

David Fierro hola el bebe, what a surprise to see you here

[@sushmithaj6343]

Thank you so very much! I've been struggling to grasp this concept and had a hard tie visualizing it. This video helped me comprehend the process thoroughly. It was detailed and explained in a simplified manner, making it easy to follow. The organization, emphasis and the pace of teaching was perfect. :)

[@souvikghosh5825]

P0, P1, P2 are promoters not primers. You didn't mention the role of Tsix amd its interaction with Xist.

[@Guzmicu]

Well spotted. Tsix does indeed play a role which complicates things. It should also perhaps be mentioned that the "blocking factor" is a postulated mechanism but hasn't been proven to Xist, I mean exist.

[@yannamkrishnarjunarao9996]

I am lecturer in botany I am so happy to watch your class hear. Thankyou

[@arianabusca1291]

this was such a great video! i never understood this topic until now, the way you explained with the cats made it instantly click in my brain so thank you so much! and dont mind all the comments of people complaining about your english, those people just cant deal with hearing something a little different, your english gets the point across which is all that matters!

[@saidlouzi6413]

This topic was vague to me but things are starting to become clear. thanks a lot for this video .

[@JorgeBrown]

Dear BBS presenter, I've been interested in Epigenetic for about a year. During this time I was able to watch a number of presentations none was so clarifying as this one. Thanks a lot for your enlightening presentation. I did subscribe and will follow you from now on. Success in your endeavour and be happy!

[@mehmoonabutt8653]

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[@mehmoonabutt8653]

Check this channel for epigenetics

[@shining7527]

you just saved a soul. God bless u

[@aaishashaikh1188]

Tomorrow is my exam This helped me sooooo much I was not able to understand from many videos or google but here I've understood everything very well 😄

[@amandineclaus8250]

First I don't wanted to watch your video because it is in English but I could understand it very good, you spooked very clearly

[@chayanikabaruah7350]

Thank you so much...your explanation and presentation of the topic was very helpful..it was lucid,clear and unambiguous

[@muratbas9966]

Thanks a lot. i didnt find these lessons who teach better than you.

[@samuelmingo5090]

This was awesome! Thank you! I had a hard time visualizing the material, and my textbook did not offer any graphics. I have to visualize things to understand how they work. Again, thank you so much! -student taking Graduate Biological Anthropology

[@aritramondal1825]

You are too good .... lecturer....love from India...❤️❤️❤️👍❤️👍👍

[@ishaaggarwal3427]

You Actually explained the topic x inactivation in female mammals from chapter linkage, book-person a global edition Thanks a lot for such a simple simplification for such a complex topic. I was really struggling there And I really appreciate your efforts 👍👍👍😃

[@nishahemandharkumar9082]

the video is excellent...thanks....i would like you to explain about dosage compensation

[@sunaynasharma2531]

This is very very much helpful to me. Thank you very much

[@inhwajeong4891]

Thank you so much for your lecture. I had to go through the basics to understand the diagnostic method to detect X chromosome skewing in case of X-linked CGD

[@triptiverma3208]

Maam your way of explanation is awesome. Please make video on blood group inheritance also.

[@mahwishadnan646]

your video helped me a lot in understanding the topic easily...can u please talk explain about DNA rearrangement and allelic exclusion

[@ciao_abhi]

Amazing as always. I cant get enough of your videos. SO helpful

[@swetakk6651]

Pretty helpful. Enjoyed the session!

[@nusratjahan4922]

Thank you so much .....you r explained very well like my zoology dept. Professor 😍😍😍😍

[@adamwells5396]

Thank you so much! This is really helpful in preparation for my exam coming up!

[@nimishatripathi7845]

It is exactly what i m looking for...thnx mama

[@CHIAMAKAMARYANN-hh4rc]

Very informative video. I think the P regions should be the promoter regions not the primer regions

[@tanyushka671990]

Thank you very much! Can you please upload a video about Prader-Willi syndrome? Exactly how the syndrome occurs and what exactly happen in the cells?

[@chemiaaadil6280]

Fantastic...I have research about Barr body just now I will understand. So thank for you..

[@meylingloo7631]

gracias por explicar lo que el profe quiso decir en una hora y media de clase

[@burakkucuk9234]

Thank you so much! Your video is clearly understandable and it helped me to do my homework. :)

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

Thank you .. glad to hear that :)

[@mikeladeluka5757]

Thank you so much!!! You saved me and totally helped me to understand this theme

[@alexissanchez7723]

Wow! This video is excellent. thank u

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

Thank you .. stay tuned :)

[@shaheenmajeedwani1969]

X inactivation is necessary for dosage compensation. In Marsupials, most monotreams and humans, one of the X chromosome of the female is inactivated in order to compensate the dosage. In case of Drosophilla no inactivation occurs but the single X chromosome of male is hyperactivated inorder to compensate the two X chromosomes of the female.

[@milavukovic8705]

Thank you very much! I totally understood everything! I absolutely love the way you organize and bring your thoughts to us. I have to agree with you that nobody explained this better than you on youtube *bow for that confession* haha :)) Keep up the awesome work!:)

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

HAHA .. thank you .. so you read the comments as well ... keep tuned many interesting videos are coming up, and tell me if you are interested in a certain topic :)

[@shaheenmajeedwani1969]

Actually the X-Inactivation occurs randomly after the cytodifferentiation of embryo according to the Lyon's hypothesis.

[@caleigh7575]

shaheen majeed only in eutherian mammals

[@mobinamohebi5756]

Thank you very much! you explained very well.

[@rjbhatia]

Really very well explained ❣️. Plz make a video course on csir net life sciences syllabus. Many of us really need your help. Thank u ❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️

[@LifeistheBubbles]

I love this video!! Where is the blocking factor transcribed from? The material or paternal X chromosome?

[@Priyanka-dh7wu]

Thanks a lot..... Luv ur way of explanation.... Superb.... Plzzz make more vedios on genetics.... It would b really helpful..... plzzzzzzz

[@shaheenmajeedwani1969]

In case of human females, due to the inactivation of one of the X chromosomes, the inactivated X chromosome becomes darkly stained and condensed and remains transcriptionally inactive. This darkly stained body is known as Barr body. Every human female is having a single Barr body.

[@ulukbekzhumaliev2588]

Turkish accent; good explanation!

[@bhaskarjyotibarman4989]

Nicely presented. Its very helpful

[@pallabdutta1011]

Thank you for this, the video was really awesome

[@jabalrahmat1654]

thank you , Now I'm understand XIST

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

you are welcome ;)

[@abdulrahimalomran1912]

Thank u so much , very helpful vid I bet that u meant there is H3K4 (hypomthylation) rather than saying methylation :)

[@saranga7676]

Very good detail explanation....thank you🤗

[@adrijasaha1465]

The video is very helpful Thank you

[@amelmostari4150]

Thank you so much. the video is worth watching 😍😍

[@ursulagwozdz1955]

Very well explained.

[@laharithrilok1427]

Can I get the article from which this information was taken??

[@sushreeacharya5510]

Can u please explain.. Which histone modifications will activate and deactivate the transcription. Like methylation, phosphorylation..... But i want to know about ubiquitylation and somoylation....

[@drchaitanyagottapu6698]

tq sooo much......pls prepare more for...desimminate the knowledge

[@nirvana152]

Can you please tell me how the blocking factor is produced ?? Thank you son much, and great vidéo by thé way ;)

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

Oh thank you, the blocking factor is produced like any other protein in the cell, it has a coding gene called the blocking factor gene, and it will be transcribed and then translated into the blocking factor protein ... is that what you meant?

[@larademiney7914]

Would you mind explaining the correlation between the unstable RNA transcript and the production of the blocking factor. Also, at the pre-8 cell stage would there be more blocking factor produced to be sufficient for both X-chromosomes. LOVED the video! thank you so much

[@hraqhraq]

You should say "Xq13" Xq one Three, not Xq thirteen; it is the band and sub-band nomenclature.

[@sudiptajana1854]

Ook.aslo is it right that methylation of H3K4 for chromosome compaction/condensation..?as mentioned in this video.. I have read that H3K9 methylation is for condensation...what u say??

[@hraqhraq]

@@sudiptajana1854 H3K4me3-promoters H3K9me3 = Tri-methylated Lysine number 9 from N-terminal causes heterochromatin (condensation), but there might be more to condensation than just one location, even recent discoveries suggest mechanisms of action of methylation and acetylation are different than just blocking mechanisms to enzymes

[@sudiptajana1854]

@@hraqhraq so both H3:(K4met and (K9met, acetylation)) are responsible for heterochromatin structure??

[@hraqhraq]

@@sudiptajana1854 No just K9

[@sudiptajana1854]

@@hraqhraq ok..then is this video giving wrong information...the 8th cell stage..have u noted that??

[@حوراءحيدر-م2ذ]

Thank you so much very helpful video

[@chrysanthiiliadi7729]

Thank you! Could you please upload the script of the video too?

[@competitionwallah4763]

Hey, I have a query. How X inactivation occurs in somatic cell inspite of germinal cell that is sperm and egg cell participate in fertilization and leads to the baby

[@ching2443]

thnx a lot.. it's just so easy for me now

[@한호진-r6b]

very very very helpful thanks

[@jingluo3385]

a very helpful video! thank you

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

You are welcome :)

[@muhammedal-samarrai9498]

Your are the best..thank you so much.

[@sudiptajana1854]

At first what a great video this is...👍 I have question..I have read that methylation of K4 in H3 cause the chromosome not to condense..that is it is active..then why in 8th cell stage u have shown H3K4.. showing chromosome condensation...?please clear this doubt..thank u.

[@gloriamastria7459]

magnificent videoooo!

[@souravdalapati.6270]

This is really helpful.Thank you.

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

Thank you ... Stay around many videos are coming up ;)

[@shrabonishee5942]

Very nice.. Thank you

[@honeyfarms1982]

Hi nice video...got a doubt ..if one x is inactivated...how does recessive and heterozygous dominant find it's expression in sex linked disorder...

[@subhi7945]

WOW thanks that was so clear

[@parthadutta3495]

excellent maam

[@divijakg]

Hello, thanks for the video, is the x inactivation mechanism only in Calico cat or in general or in humans??

[@shaimaaeidibraheem174]

EXCELLENT VIDEO

[@biomedicalandbiologicalsci4989]

Thank you :D

[@medicaleducation8978]

Methylation and deacetylation take place for every normal DNA when they become condense in metaphase or methylation and deacetylation occurs only in Inactive X chromosome ???

[@magdalenedsilva5640]

What are the references? Which books could I refer for this ?

[@mohdroufawan6483]

In Birds females consists of X and Y chromosomes but out of these chromosomes which one changes into bar body

[@mucsat]

Perfect lecture

[@Poopyduckling9999]

Hellow ma'am, how's it possible for a rna transcript to have hydrogen bonding with a ds dna? Is hoogsteen base pairing occurs there??

[@jamesdoleyofficialmisingso5322]

Thank you very much Mam.

[@طارقعلوش-ه5ل]

U r perfect and very wonderful. I understood you. Really to be frank and honest I love your voice very much :$

[@shilpa.bchotu3324]

Thank you...well explained.

[@anagiovannaart]

I have a question, what are the genes that are affected for this inactivation?

[@Dineshkumar-cv9pd]

but why blocking factor does not bind to the another x chromosome and what the role of Tsix...?

[@khalidbashir4033]

Superb

[@benitaariaslara8485]

At 17:31 you talk about the H3K4me being present as well as H3 deacetylation, is this happening at the same time or is the deacetylation happen after the fact that H3k4me is present. My understanding is that H3k4me is associated with gene activation and euchromatin while deacetylation is associated with heterochromatin and silenced genes. thank you!

[@AmeyRedkar7695]

As far as I understand, h3k4 site is modified as in 4th amino acid(which is lysine) is modified to be methylated there are other sites as well like k9 and k27. As for deacytlation sites are different.

[@nishanthgm518]

Good lecture

[@ahamadaoukachioukachi7269]

You're awesome thank you so much

[@tshetensherpa3004]

Thank You!!!

[@abhyarthanabehera4802]

Where does the blocking factor come from?

[@marianradvansky6304]

Brilliant ♥

[@shwetapatel-bq4st]

I have one confusion. At 17:18 you mentioned H3 K4 methylation after xist transcription. But H3 K4 methylation is associated with chromatin activation and not condensation. Can you please clear this doubt...?

[@giantbob7979]

Methylation of Lysine makes the chromatin more condense, which is opposite of chromatin activation. However if the Lysine was acetylated the chromatin structure would loosen up.

[@sarahamdy1041]

Thank you What are References please?

[@brendabarsallo9311]

Thank you for this video. It did answer many of my questions. But, just a friendly suggestion, please rehearse your speech before making the video. The way you talk is very distracting (too many uhhhs, hmmms, ehhh, uhhh ok?, etc) Otherwise, great content!

[@Isaiaswolf66]

It seems that its her second language judging by her grammer, but anyways, shes trying and helping. Why english speakers always so rude?

[@leemoore5212]

@@Isaiaswolf66 Actually lots of non English speakers are rude too, but we English speakers don't realise it because, since we only speak English, we don't understand what you are saying :) In any event, I really liked her accent and it helped me pay attention.

[@leemoore5212]

I thought it was about right as to rehearsal. Too little rehearsal and there's too much umming and ahhing. Too much and you're basically reading a script and, unless you're Churchill, you sound stilted and boring. This seemed to be pitched about right. As an amateur passer by, not studying biology or genetics, I feel - as the saying goes - no wiser, but a lot better informed.

[@azifahahmed4462]

Hello, how does X inactivation leads to haploinsufficiency of SHOX gene?

[@walidrehawi4133]

Thank youuuuu❤

[@mimisukul9141]

Why barr body is only present in somatic cell?

[@kaziwahid4646]

Thank you😊

[@BacardiColi]

I thought the white in a calico cat was determined by a gene on an autosomal chromosome (Gene S, Piebald Spotting), and you say epigenetics, can you explain this? Thank you

[@leticiabarreiros5621]

From what I understand the gene on the autosome chromosome regulates whether or not there's going to be pigment on the hair. So if there is pigment, it can be either black or orange, creating the patches of color in the fur. If there's no pigment, the hair color is going to be white.

[@joselyncolumbusponce3552]

What it is the diferentes of this and codominance?

[@sabanorouzifar8805]

Thank you soooooooooo much ❤️❤️❤️❤️

[@peggycarter6460]

thanksssssss appreciate the help!

[@priyankaprajapati2329]

Why Baar body is present on nuclaer membrane?