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As an Indian Hindu who reveres Lord Buddha, and with respect to the elder Wang Gungwu, we no longer care if the Chinese or the Japanese or whoever calls us "heaven" anymore. China has martyred our heroic Indian Army soldiers and we wiped out the PLA personnel responsible. We are no longer moved by these sentimental notions and as Hindus and Buddhists and Sikhs and Jains and practitioners of ALL the indigenous Dharmas of our Bharat, we don't need the approval of ANY other Asian nation anymore. Stay on your side of the border, China.

"it was despicable" want to learn more? Read American Samuel Merwin's book Drugging a Nation written more than a hundred years ago

Chinese have a positive view of the American people because they are kind. Even the US pre-WW2 was somewhat of a decent country. The US today has become decadent, selfish and Evil

This old man is very wise. I am so impressed. God bless him.

This peace, coperation can't happen cause we are ready to negotiate but problem is that chinese people are too much limited and suppressed by their communists ideology,govt thats the reason their leaders ego,ignorance is pushing two countries relations into hell otherwise the people to people relations, thoughts,ideas on philosophy was always welcomed in both nations.

That GD Thing would say/do ANYTHING for his Chinese Money 🤑

Pakistan is being demolished, i think both India and Pakistan bear responsibility for the relationship between them. India vs Pakistan and India vs China, guess who is the common demoninator?

*IF INDIA AND CHINA JOIN HANDS IT WILL BE A NIGHTMARE FOR USA*

Mr Mahbubani is pro singapore and only pro singapore and rightfully so. China doesnt listen to you. Why presume india should.

Mac Mohan border was demarcated between Tibet and British India. By that time Qing empire was fallen already.

I am Jose Manuel one of your new contacts .Good explanation professor George Yeo

The comments here show just how uninformed people are about the issue of India-China relations. To make things clear I put together a timeline of how events transpired in the last century evolved to today's situation. 1912: In the first full year of the Republic of China after the fall of the Qing dynasty, the United States National Geographic Magazine dedicated an issue to China. Accompanying the issue is a large and detailed fold-out map of China. The map clearly shows that Dirang Dzong (德讓宗) and Tawang (達旺) are within the boundary of China. 1943: British India likely calculated that dealing with the Lhasa government was easier than with the Republic of China's Nationalist Government in extracting land concessions and proposed to the United States to recognize Tibet's right to exchange diplomatic representatives with other powers. The Americans rejected this proposal: "The Government of the United States has borne in mind the fact that the Chinese Government has long claimed suzerainty over Tibet and that the Chinese constitution lists Tibet among areas constituting the territory of the Republic of China. This Government has at no time raised a question regarding either of those claims." 1944: British India annexed Dirang Dzong (德讓宗), a Tibetan-settled area. Dzong means fort in Tibetan. The Chinese Government (the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China, seated in Kunming at the time because of World War II) protested to the British. So did the Tibetan Lhasa government. 1945: British India intruded into the tribal area of South Tibet. February 1947: The Chinese Nationalist Government lodged a complaint with the Indian mission, which was by then newly established in China, on British India's border intrusions into Chinese territory. August 1947: Britain left South Asia, and India was created as the successor polity to the departed British. India's creation means that a country that historically did not exist suddenly appears on China's doorstep. October 1947: The Tibetan Lhasa Government dispatched a formal request to New Delhi, asking the newly independent Indian Government to withdraw all its predecessors' intrusions into the territory between the McMahon Line and the traditional border beneath the foothills and return a wide swath of territory from Ladakh to Assam, including Sikkim and the Darjeeling district. 1949: When the defeat of the Nationalist Government's in the Chinese civil war was imminent, the Republic of China's ambassador in New Delhi reminded the Indian Government that China did not recognize the McMahon Line and held the Simla Convention invalid. October 1949: The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) took control of the mainland, and its civil war rival, the Republic of China, retreated to Taiwan. December 1949: India recognized the People's Republic of China as the legitimate government, effectively cutting off the diplomatic channel the Republic of China used to deliver its protests to India. February 1951: India annexed Tawang (達旺), the birthplace of the Sixth Dalai Lama and home to the four-hundred-year-old Tawang Monastery. The Tibetan authorities in Lhasa protested but were simply informed by the Indian political officer that India was taking over Tawang. The Tibetans protested again, accusing the Indian Government of 'seizing as its own what did not belong to it.' The Tibetans went on to ask New Delhi to withdraw its forces from Tawang immediately. The protests were ignored. The Republic of China (which had already retreated to Taiwan by then and had no diplomatic relation with India) also vehemently denounced India's territorial travesty. Curiously the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) made no noise. 1954: India published a new map showing South Tibet as part of India. The map also shows the two countries, Sikkim and Bhutan, as part of India. January 1959: The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) commented for the first time on the issue of South Tibet when Zhou Enlai, in a letter to Nehru, offered to concede South Tibet to India. However, India rejected the offer, as it also sought control over Aksai Chin. 1960: India started establishing posts (border markers) north of South Tibet (north of the McMahon Line) and proclaiming that it has the right to unilaterally 'improve' the McMahon Line as it sees fit. October 1962: After years of warning, China attacked India's position in South Tibet and recovered Tawang shortly. Three weeks later, in a second wave, China recovered the whole of South Tibet. November 1962: China unilaterally withdrew back to the north of the McMahon line. 1975: India annexed Sikkim. 1987: India made South Tibet a state and renamed it the so-called Arunachal Pradesh. The Republic of China (Taiwan) put out a statement denouncing India. Here is the statement: "In regard to the issue of the Indian government's illegal occupation of our country's territory and the establishment of the so-called 'Arunachal Pradesh,' the foreign ministry of the Republic of China issued the following announcement at midnight: India's illegal occupation of our country's territory has been repeatedly stated by the Government of the Republic of China as something it will not recognize. Recently, the Indian Congress unilaterally passed the establishment of 'Arunachal Pradesh' to the south of the so-called McMahon Line. The Indian Government also made it a state. The Government of the Republic of China once again solemnly proclaims that the Government of India intends to legitimize its illegal occupation of Chinese territory. The Government of the Republic of China regards this as illegal, void, and absolutely not recognized." 2008: A little over a decade after Britain returned Hong Kong to China, Britain finally had no stake in Tibet and could afford to be honest for once. The British government made a statement recognizing China's sovereignty over Tibet (previously recognized as suzerainty, not sovereignty). The statement, supported by both the Conservative and Labour parties, is remarkable for its honesty in admitting that Britain once had territorial ambitions in Tibet, and it adopts an almost apologetic tone. Here is an excerpt: "...But our position is unusual for one reason of history that has been imported into the present: the anachronism of our formal position on whether Tibet is part of China, and whether in fact we harbour continued designs to see the break-up of China. We do not.​​ Our ability to get our points across has sometimes been clouded by the position the UK took at the start of the 20th century on the status of Tibet, a position based on the geopolitics of the time. Our recognition of China’s “special position” in Tibet developed from the outdated concept of suzerainty. Some have used this to cast doubt on the aims we are pursuing and to claim that we are denying Chinese sovereignty over a large part of its own territory. We have made clear to the Chinese Government, and publicly, that we do not support Tibetan independence. Like every other EU member state, and the United States, we regard Tibet as part of the People’s Republic of China. "​​ 2014: A Tibetan Chinese named Nido Tania from Arunachal Pradesh (occupied South Tibet) went to old Delhi and was beaten to death because he 'looked Chinese.' 2024: The festering border dispute between India and China persists with no sign of India relinquishing its stolen land.

It's never China n India border... but China n Khalistan border!!!

Until now china suffered a huge humilation because of her arrogant, greedy, and shameless attetude.

Two Singapore's ex-politicians Kishore & George in an exchange? Very interesting! Qing dynasty's emperor QianLong's mistake is not just the corruption that he tolerated or even help to shape it due by his favorite minister He Shen but also his total ignorance & did not pursue industrialization for China.

“Composing history”, need to say any more?😂😂😂😂😂

Outstanding George perspective. Enlightenment and Wisdom in person.

He now thinks he represents ASEAN. Karenpochi delusional thinking.

Please go around the world with peace talks, great work Please keep up the peace talks, We would like Australia join the peace talks and join BRICS

Singaporeans think that they are the most neutral people in the world. But here you actually sound like Chinese drum beaters. If you are really rational about it then tell me why China has disputes with Phillipines, Vietnam. It can not go like some long time ago some sheep of the ming Dynasty grazed in LAC. The fact is Singaporeans have always lived in denial of India always demeaning Indians. Certain examples were in this talk where Mr kishore tries to paint India in bad light. He apparently does not like the leader of India as he told, I cannot wonder but think if he can say the same about Chinese leaders. It seems to me that whatever china does is right and whatever India does is wrong.

Make Asia Great Again as it was for centuries..

Talk only. Karenland can't even handle their own toilet.

Why should India be the one to initiate the normalisation of relationship with both Pakistan and China. Why should India be the only one to offer something to normalise both the relationship. All I can hear from this podcast is India should offer this, India should offer that why should we be the only one to offer. We are not dying to improve trade with Pakistan(and I won't deny the fact that it will boost our economic growth) but we can't be the only one to offer when there is no initiation from the other side. I appreciate the discussion but it's too biased and only holding India to do something, offer something to improve the relationship. If there is no intention for normalisation of relationship from the other side, there is no need for India to offer. We learnt our lessons from Kargil. We don't want another backstabbing anymore.

both now china and India have very strong can make peace agreement the sooner and will not reflex more and more appropriate to settle the border before the next generation.

Kishore should interview on China preparative facts to make both facts to make way to solve both side to deal.

I think, the very disputed area(s); between: China and India, should be: -"used: instead; to: help both -great:_ Nations, to: "NET-work; TOgether!!"!!"??

Btw. When the new Republic of India come into existence? BRUH? India border existed by the British colonial time?

Kudos to this interesting and insightful discussion on China by the brilliant George Yeo and Kishore! Thanks to you both for helping us to understand China and why she is rising surely and peacefully! 👍

The Han undermined the Manchu, that's why

traitors of Singapore ? mouth piece for China ?

disgrace Singaporean ?

Its all a propaganda done by the communist china to inflame their people into hatred, actually the chinese so called "century of humiliation" is in reality just the feelings of the chinese ego that got hurt because the people they call barbarians (white european) are actually more advance than them such that they are helpless in the face of their exploitation which is actually happening in all asia at the time. The chinese suffering is less than what other asian people endured example of india wherein the entire country was exploited unlike the chinese where only pockets of territory was taken and just an unequal treaties was enforced. Im not saying the chinese did not suffer what im saying is its just their ego that got was hurt more so in theory having that disproportionate respond to that part of history is overblown by the chinese. THE CHINESE JUST CANT ACCEPT THE BARBARIANS DID THOSE THINGS TO THEM BECAUSE IT HURTS THEIR PRIDE that is the real definition of "Chinese Century of Humiliation" i mean did you hear the indians coined the similar word "Indian Century of Humiliation ?" then incite their people to keep hate alive ?

India china never had political relation bcz china was far away from india and was never the neighbour of india. Expansionist china annexed tibet and illegally become indiaz neighbour.

Y do indians believe tat Openin up difference of idk15yrs means in next 2decade India is gonna reach where china is at the Moment .....mayb even better.....😂...Asean...Africa is Not Dead Yet....besides the kind of Society India is & its Construct....I sometimes wonder will they even make it to Half of Wat China is Today in 20yrs.....Sth to take note of...China is the New investor like West was for China.....So where now richer Chinese Invests matters......apparently INDIA is not on their List....So where does tat Leave INDIA's ambitions without Substance? IDK Just A Thought

Good India remain fearful while SEA proceeds its own path.

Kisore madhubani is china lacky

I am pessimistic as far as Indian and Chinese relations are concerned. India's sentiment against China is somewhat irrational. With the Americans stirring irritants and adding fuel to the Indian fire, India has no incentive to improve its relations with China.

But unexplained is why China doesn't just concede territory to India for the sake of peace just like they did with the Russians, whose theft of a huge amount of Chinese lands Beijing actually ignored just to get their all-important peace treaty...is it that India's actually not really a threat to China and so there isn't a y urgency to resolving the issue?? Or is there supposed to be gold or oil or something under the ground there??? Or is this just a useful thorn to keep in India's side in case they join with the Westoids?

It is quite evident that Prof Mahbubani expects India to do all the heavy lifting and concede all issues to China. This is exactly what China wants, they want their economic power to bulldoze all countries and the political differences. Its not tenable. India is more comfortable cozying up with the West and other countries in Asia, including ASEAN and Japan.

i am fan of Mr Mahbubani and enjoy your book and your speeches. I am living in Singapore. I am not agree with mahbubani that Buddhism was not created in India. Buddhism was practice in India by Buddha who was born in Nepal.

china only knows how to remember the bad things and plan revenge when the time comes.

China wants to invest so much in india. CHINA can make India a superpower like USA did to China its a cycle USA makes china and now china wants to dethrone USA same thing will Happen again China make India stronger and then india will try to dethrone china and then india makes its enemy stronger

modern China must strengthening its defense and weaponry to prevent repeat 2nd humiliation occurred.

Communist 🐕

After the china floods ? Where are the china earthquakes ?

Now is the time for china citizens to be homeless

The Chinese are a mature race, they don't bear grudges: in history, in life, things do happen.

George Yeo is unique in that v few eng stream educated s'poreans feel for their roots, have passion for & appreciate own culture (of 2 thousand yrs....) LKY was one of these few ..

A China Chinese Sympathiser.