Ancient Anatolian History | First Empires

What comes to the mind when one says Anatolia? Does the phrase “land of the rising sun” (as the ancient Greeks called it) appear? Or, because it technically belongs to the Middle East, do you think of an arid desert? Anatolia was arguably the most desired land of the ancient and medieval world. It saw the rise of the Assyrians, Hittites, Greeks, Persians, Romans, Byzantines, and the Turks. Especially in ancient times, it seemed anyone who had some power in their hands desired to control Anatolian lands. By recounting the story of Anatolia, its importance will be displayed.
From the first communities of the Neolithic to the great Bronze Age Empires of the Hittites and their rivals to the collapse of the Bronze Age, the destruction of old Empires and the emergence and birth of new Empires as we enter the Iron Age.
Ancient Anatolia has a monumental history and will always hold a vital place in our history and we are happy to show that history.
Link to original article titled "The Anatolian Histories Part 1: Emerging Empires and Lands Changing Hands."
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[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Support Ancient Origins at the links above! Celebrate the birthplace of civilization and get our Sumerian Shirt | Hoodie | Coffee Mug today! CLOTHES: teespring.com/Sumerian-Clothing?pid=212&cid=5818 COFFEE MUGS: teespring.com/sumerian-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102908 Check out our new store! teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop Get your Sea Peoples | Late Bronze Age Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/new-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=658&cid=102950 Hoodies | Shirts | Tank Tops: teespring.com/get-sea-peoples-mediterranean?pid=212&cid=5819 Get your Hittite Merch below! Mugs: teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug?pid=658&cid=102950&sid=front Shirts | Tank Tops | Hoodies: teespring.com/hittite-empire-shirt?pid=2&cid=2397 Trojan War Merch Below! Mugs: teespring.com/trojan-war-coffee-mug?pid=658&cid=102950 Tank Tops | Shirts | Hoodies: teespring.com/TrojanWarShirt?pid=2&cid=2397 To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! Patreon: www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Ages Donate directly to PayPal: paypal.me/NickBarksdale Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium! spqr-emporium.com?aff=3 *Disclaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel! Join our community! Facebook Page: facebook.com/THESTUDYOFANTIQUITYANDTHEMIDDLEAGES/ Twitter: twitter.com/NickBarksdale Instagram: instagram.com/study_of_antiquity_middle_ages/ Facebook Group: facebook.com/groups/164050034145170/

[@liars6495]

there was no ancient greece dumbass , stop stealing the history of "anatolians" , this is not your eurocentric christian bullshit , greece is a new artificial country created by british freemasons in 1821 everything before was not greek .

[@nicolesimonealexander4639]

Fun fact: classical music uses the terms "Dorian", "Ionian", "Lydian" and "Phrygian" to describe modes, various types of scales. Ionian refers to the most common, the major scale.

[@liars6495]

these are all words invented by europeans and americans who have no relation to these regions

[@blueb9261]

@@liars6495 no😂 it came from asia and middle asia

[@sarahhaley7458]

Thanks for calling that Liars guy out- I just can’t even bring myself to that level of ignorance to formulate a reply. He clearly only speaks in elementary English- What a total nut to the point of total self-righteous-know-it-all and better. Anyway. I wanted to comment on the irony of racist-alien-consparanoia, thank you for doing the same, and just acknowledge to have witnessed such disregard for humanity. Super thank you

[@brawndothethirstmutilator9848]

@liars6495, Your whole comment is in “words invented by Europeans”. Ffs 🤦‍♂️ 🤡

[@ErenDenizMert]

​@@liars6495Anatolia is basically european who cares

[@theknave4415]

I've been researching Anatolia over the past few months. I've only scratched the surface. I've learned that it is a very complex place, with a very long and complex history. Trying to sort it all out, honestly and objectively, takes a lot of hard work.

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

yes you right 🤕

[@edwardkeenan7354]

Its alot.

[@jennifermazur4285]

So far, like you, I've understood that Sumerian was the first written word.

[@JC-nl3nh]

it’s the garden of eden. out of africa is fake.

[@ErenDenizMert]

Turkey is beautiful

[@manasertugrul6664]

The Greeks did not establish Ephesus and Miletus. These cities existed at the time of the Hittites. The real name of the city of Ephesus was Apasas. The real name of the city of Miletus was Millewanda. The fact that the Greeks captured these cities does not mean that the Greeks founded the city.

[@wankawanka3053]

Actually it was a minian settlement not hittite related at all the hittites only mention it during the lat bronze age

[@free_gold4467]

Minoan@@wankawanka3053

[@GrecoByzantine1821]

Turks are all turkified islamised Anatolians and Greeks!

[@ErenDenizMert]

​@@GrecoByzantine1821So?

[@GrecoByzantine1821]

@@ErenDenizMert So you are not Turks. Stop dreaming

[@ncroc]

we want more videos about ancient Anatolian civilizations

[@actsismmljcorrectlyobeyed6190]

Preferably before Pisslam.

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

Phrygians are not greek!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@gelbsan]

Of course

[@alexciuru6067]

Vesna, meaning spring!

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

👑 of the Spring 😁

[@wankawanka3053]

And ?

[@matimus100]

@@wankawanka3053 you don't care full stop.

[@torfinnzempel6123]

While maybe not a main point of a video like this, it might have been worth noting that neolithic farmers from Anatolia migrated throughout the Mediterranean and not only brought farming with them to Europe, but in the Mediterranean areas, and in all of Southern Europe, totally replaced the WHG peoples of those regions. This might have helped to show just how important this region was to the development of not only the region, but to all of Europe from thousands of years ago.

[@jaymcgann6637]

This should definitely been discussed. The Anatolians started migrating into Europe in roughly 9000 BCE. Otzi the iceman is half Anatolian.

[@letyvasquez2025]

Perhaps in a prehistoric Anatolian video

[@andrewlaw3589]

Anatolia is where human civilization was born

[@jcastle614]

Very interesting!! Looking forward to seeing the next chapter.

[@aykutisbilir6809]

why did you use the picture of Firat Tanis at 11:32? It was a scene from the movie named "once upon time in anatolia" :D

[@Aussiediaries]

I am an Iranian and I have 9 percent Anatolia and the Caucasus DNA❤

[@latanyamcpherson9948]

They were black people

[@AllahuSnackbar270]

​@@latanyamcpherson9948High-larious.

[@Bozkurt-fg1mo]

No they not im from Türkiye 🇹🇷 ancient anatolian City karkemish Hitit empire and i have anatolian dna​@@latanyamcpherson9948

[@halukharunduman2763]

Excuse me, do you have a video about the origin of the Turks? I couldn't find it among the videos. I would be happy if you help. Have a nice day..

[@nabazf8891]

The hurrie - mittani is missing

[@AntisemitismForDummies]

Thank U!

[@JohnLoganR]

audio way too loud after the main video ends and your plug starts. balance the sound.

[@henrikrolfsen584]

Not for one minute, do I consider the Anatolian Peninsula, as part of the "Middle East". This region has deep historical, cultural, and linguistic ties to the Greco-Romanic cultures of Europe. Geographically also, there is no good reason to exclude this peninsula, from all the other peninsulas of Europe. Please take note: Anatolia is the ancient homeland of the following Indo-European Peoples: Greeks, Thracians, Phrygians, Lydians, Ionians, Hittites, Luwians, Armenians, and Kurds. Anatolia IS Europe!

[@aytacavci]

where is turks lol? We have been living in that geography for 1000 years. But yeah you're right turkish people don't call that land ''middle East'' Middle east for us after syria and iran

[@maryichou3539]

Dude, kurds originally are from today’s north India/pakistan. They are definitely NOT indigenous

[@rebellefleur2993]

Except kurds. The word Kurd means nomad in Persian. They are not natives of Anatolia. There are no historical artifacts or written sources belonging to them

[@user-gd3dx4pd8q]

​@@aytacavci ваша родина Алтай, там где проживали тюркские племена

[@Saracens46]

Hittites are real Antolien

[@Fatherofheroesandheroines]

What a phryganly amazing history

[@minhajtunu9513]

THANKS BROTHER. EVERY ONE SHOULD LEARN HISTORY MORE OR LESS. WITHOUT HISTORY YOU UNDERSTAND VERY LITTLE ABOUT LIFE. STARTING ...CONTINUATIONS CLEARIFY THE FACTS ( DR. KENT ). FROM BANGLADESH.

[@paul6925]

Is it Chatal Hayuk or Catal Hayuk? Like Neanderthal vs neandertal I never know which is correct

[@ahmetustunler7690]

Open Turkish Translate and write Çatal Höyük And you will learn true pronunciation

[@paul6925]

@@ahmetustunler7690 Hey thanks. The Ç = CH. Got it!

[@hurguler]

@@paul6925 These are Turkish names though, nothing to do with the ancient names of the region. Çatal means fork and Höyük means hill.

[@paul6925]

@@hurguler Huh? I was asking how to pronounce because I heard different ways

[@mertozbek680]

absurdly it means "fork tell" in turkish

[@cgdmgl302]

What's Fırat Danış, the actor got to do with this video?😁🤔 11:33

[@walrus4046]

Interesting but a time reference would have been helpful

[@Level48tt]

What about the Celtic founded city of Galatia? (Galicia)

[@mattpliska]

The video understates the amount of time between the founding of Byzantion and the founding of Constantine's city by 600 years. Constantinople was founded in 330 ad, 997 years after the founding of Byzantion.

[@twonumber22]

Off topic here but I would love to know what all lies at the bottom of and beneath the Black Sea.

[@badtexasbill5261]

Interesting

[@twonumber22]

@@badtexasbill5261 Yeah have you seen that 2,400 yr old Greek ship in the Black Sea? Plus maybe the formation of that Sea inspired flood tales.

[@freedomisthechoicesyoumake8594]

This is a very important piece of history... I've recently did an ancestry dna test and some of the dna came back as "Anatolia and the Caucasus " and I found that interesting. I'm from Southeast Louisiana of Louisiana creole descent. I have large amounts of Italian (Sicily) and Greek and the Balkan ancestry, along with middle eastern (that's strange), Mali and Senegal. French and Spanish ancestry as well. I want to know about all the history of the ancient medieval of the caucasus, Greek, and the Italian role in it.

[@mustafakaraca07]

Sicilians are bronze age Anatolians bro

[@DorchadasAgusSolas]

​@@mustafakaraca07bence , i think you mean the Etruscians değil mi ? ;p Etrüskler , bizim Anadolu'dan bu zamanın Italya'sına göçmüştür .

[@mustafakaraca07]

@@DorchadasAgusSolas Onlar Sicilya mı yoksa İtalya'nın bütününe dağılmış mılar? Benim bildiğim dağılmışlar.

[@gamerk1625]

Sicilian or Cicilia was a major part of the armenian kingdom in eastern anatolia .. look into it

[@maryichou3539]

You probably have assyrian/syriac or armenian/georian or christian Lebanese dna or maybe even Pontic Greek DNA because if you look at their dna, they have Balkan/greek and northern african dna

[@TheObserversTV]

4:45, those are Assyrians taking Nubian captives during Essarhadon's conquest of Egypt.

[@TheObserversTV]

@Etruscans civilization Taharqa was a nubian-ethnic Egyptian king, Egypt from its art depiction had black, red and some minority yellow/white skin showing there was diversity in Egypt, and the Assyrians depicted the troops as prisoners based on the look of the leader and its major populace, and from the look of the art, the Nubians had very different features compared to the Assyrians, from body/head structure, to nose, lips and also hair. In terms of Assyria, the Assyrians were not black, many Assyrians especially in the early 1900s and prior braided their hair, which was a west-asian semitic Assyrian tradition since ancient times, yezidis also did that, the Assyrians neither have European smooth hair nor nappy African hair, but instead have curly hair and the Assyrian males grow curly/big beards.

[@jellymop]

It seems like throughout history, Anatolia was conquered and inhabited by people looking for refuge from the steppes and/or tyranny of the tribal hordes from the steppes. Pretty fascinating. Makes for a large mixing pot of genetics considering the steppes spanned such a large area.

[@jaat8056]

I knew it from The Fist day I was Born 🤣 that I am From this Messy Place It's Written In My Clan Surname and Blood Which is Still Violent with Barbaric Language my People Speak Here Love from INDIA 🇮🇳 ❤️

[@AT-wj5sw]

I love how they gave the Hatti black skin even after saying they came from the caucus mountains ... I have 10% Anatolian dna and the rest I am Italian and Greek. I have alabaster skin, you would think I was British or Irish

[@precursors]

Light skin color did not appear before 6,000 years ago.

[@idontkknowher]

I thought I was Greek but apparently 70% Anatolian the rest Ionian greek

[@welp5657]

@@idontkknowher Anatolian would be armenian, assyrian, and anatolian greeks so you are very much greek I’d say

[@barca8341]

@@welp5657 Anatolians are anatolians. Armenians or greeks are not called anatolians. Anatolians are different race then them

[@ding0792]

@@barca8341 Anatolian definitely not the Turks

[@idontkknowher]

Watching because this is where ancestry DNA said I’m from

[@alpha-vw9vx]

You are turkish

[@antonion32509]

Same, Anatolia and the Cacusus. I had no idea what that was

[@Unknown00432]

I'm pontic greek and i got 96% west asian and it was located in anatolia.

[@mertozbek680]

we still use the phrase "rich as croesus" in turkish

[@koksalceylan9032]

Great summery.

[@yourwifesfirsthusband2038]

43. Dislikes from ultra pro Türkic who still believe that Turks are 100% pure turkic 😖😳

[@abdullamertoglu]

We turks are 100% celt galatias

[@iBlameHan]

Nah us thuks came from Mars

[@letsbebabe]

@🇮🇳Poo in the Loo may be you should shut up 🤡 It's funny how people who have never been here talk about our DNA. These things are not that easy. I have ginger hair, green eyes. Another friend of mine has dark skin w brown eyes, my other friend is blonde, some of my friends have slanted eyes. So you really can't say "they are %50 Arab %50 Greek. Anatolia is a very complex region. You cannot categorize it as easily as other regions. That's pretty offensive.

[@abdullamertoglu]

@🇮🇳 Pajeet the poo no. %50 anatolian, %50 central asia mongoloid

[@GrecoByzantine1821]

​@@abdullamertogluhahahahahahahaha

[@marcusnolan7787]

I can show you same carving in Ireland. My family in Conniemara. Neachtainbo is my mother's side. I will show you if you wish.

[@AliciaMully]

Nolan ! Muldowney here, please show! My family from Mayo County. It seems they traveled in families and the cemetery here has a lot of gravestones with their county from Ireland mostly Mayo, Conegal & Derry i believe. I took pics but we are related to local Nolan's who's families knew each other before the US migration.

[@rdvan6705]

Your surname is turkısh

[@audreyroche9490]

Newgrange tomb in Ireland look it up from anatolia dna

[@HappyHermitt]

The most interesting area in the entire world.

[@itarry4]

The Hittites were weakened by losing several wars and then the Middle Assyrian Empire took what was left. The Hittite capital, was burned most likely by the Kaskians from the southern shores of the Black Sea possibly helped by the Phrygians who needed land to move in to. Can you do the Vinća Culture please.

[@pabloalvez915]

Great video, as usual. The Anatolian region was home to a series of civilizations and languages. I was wondering whether Etruscan (Tyrsenian Family) could've been, possibly, related to the Caucasian Families. Cheers.

[@studyofantiquityandthemidd4449]

Something tells me the channel will hit this subject eventually! Thanks for watching!

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

Probabli not .Etruskian -Rasseni- Rasejani means the one scattered !Historian belive they are from Anatolija .

[@pabloalvez915]

@@vesnanuspahic7510 nobody knows for sure their ancestral home. Several specialists state they were either Vilanovan descendants from Central Italy while others think they were one of the many peoples surrounding the Vinca cultural area. Anyhow, the Etruscans continue to pose a misery to linguists and anthropologists.

[@costeabogdan505]

@@pabloalvez915 Vinca Etruscans Pelasgo-Traco-Geto-Dacians Latins

[@pabloalvez915]

@@costeabogdan505 The Etruscans weren't Indo Europeans, however the Proto Indo-Europeans and the Proto Etruscans interacted a lot in said times, hence the mutual influences. Etruscan, Rhaetic and Lemnian formed the Tyrsenian Family. No relation to other language families. As for North Picene, it was an isolate language.

[@12345678927164]

I process the DNA of these people, the very birthplace of empires.

[@oracleswithin]

Process our DNA lol?

[@user-lh4et2hc1o]

Why is this focused only on the empires that conquered Anatolia and not on the indigenous, most ancient inhabitants, the Armenians, who have a genetic, DNA connection to Anatolia and the Caucasus that goes back to 8000 BC ??? As such, it is inaccurate. Most likely, the Hayasa-Azzi were the ancestors, as Armenians call themselve, the Hay people and Armenia is called 'Hayastan'.

[@78skj]

Are you saying that the Armenians have been conquered and ruled by pretty much every empire that crossed their path?

[@free_gold4467]

This goes through so much, so quickly that it's not all that interesting.

[@jasonduke1161]

Lost me when you called Golbeki Tepe a settlement. No evidence whatsoever of "settlement".

[@andybeans5790]

Haha, all this time I've been saying "fridge-ians", derp

[@clay2633]

Same

[@ayo9715]

Same

[@rob28803]

I’ve heard it pronounced that way, also “sithia” rather than “skithia”

[@seankessel3867]

@@rob28803 you're right, that's what I was going to say

[@irakliskazantzidis9837]

nice work Nick!Eteo-cretan(Eτεοκρητες) and Ch-Ettaio-i(XΕτταιοι-Hittite)you hear the sound of names very close!!and some letters have also been found in Hattousa between the king of the Hittites and the king of Achiyava(Achaeans) in which the two rulers are called brothers, ie equal,that is, they spoke without a translator like family!Anatolia was the great melting pot of humanity

[@otinanaipali]

Hittite king and Egyptian king (Pharaoh) called each other brothers, as well. Your point is not so valid.

[@irakliskazantzidis9837]

@Otina Naipali yes and this you say it's right!!but something connect them,lets say Danaus and Aegyptus(Egypt)is brothers!!its descendant of the princess ''Io'' through and father Belus!Io is from Argos (Greece-Peloponisos),read the myth of IO is intresting becose says about a tribe from Greece move to Anatolia and Egypt with religion of COW and knwoleage of time for argiculture..and then start Greek Dynast in Nile

[@gs032009]

IK: What do you mean when you mention Eteocretans and Hittites? Of course, Hellenes and Hittites were Indoeuropeans so at the time of the breakup of the Hittite kingdom (c.1150 BC), they would have been able to speak to each other, with some difficulty, but still communicate. What do old traditions and folklore from Crete tell us about Anatolia?? You are from Crete, correct? Kazantzidis? Kali nichta:-))

[@irakliskazantzidis9837]

hi @gs032009 and Good Resurrection for all!!my roots its from Pontos in Black sea,but before 100years my family move from ther in Greece, after the Genocide and slaughter of Kemal-NeoTurks,the same make to Armenians,but the world dont know this ''Genosite of Pontiaks''!!this mean in Turkie they stay Pontiaks but with munipulation of Ario-KemaIslam!the same happens with the Indoeuropeans hypothesis in Anatolia and in Thrace!the first local tribes of Europe.they slaughter from genocidal tribes of North! ..they stay,take the land and animals and the culture of the locals!!!the same happens everywhere in the world,after floods and glacier seasons!But the ArioEuropians they studied how to kill,but not all please,somebody must work!! thanks you ask me!

[@irakliskazantzidis9837]

​ @gs032009 we stay and live our life in Thrace now in Greece(Alexandroupoli).the same happens here in Thrace with Turks of Erdogan!!same mentality from Arius-Hun everytime and everywhere,first they slaughter and genocides and after take the possitions of victims!!in India in Caucas in Europe in Africa in America in Australia,this is the Atlantians mentality,and nobody speak for the war between Greeks and Atlanteans!why they fight?maybe the imperialism of Atlanteans?like now?haha!!the ancient Greeks give everything to free ''Humanity''and Atlanteans(like Germans) take it back this freedom with unite Europe and N.W.O with new Ario- messiah,David!

[@mostafa_hafiz]

Who are the indo Europeans and where did they come from?

[@saeedmodanlou1874]

The mythical story about Cyrus's childhood, indicates that Harpago left the infant Cyrus with a shepherd and his wife. They had no children but a dog with poppies. Cyrus had to suck the dog's nipple to survive. in Median culture, Dog ( Spako in Median language) was observed as a sacred animal. Astiages also was overthrown due to a civil uprising of Median people under the leadership of "Kavi of Ahangaran: Chief of blacksmiths" . The political power in Median empire was rendered to Cyrus as a nominee of the throne. Astiages was exiled to Hyrcania for ten years. He returned to Babylon after ten years. Cyrus should not be considered as a conqueror of the lands and establisher of the mighty and suppressing Persian empire. Median revolution changed a lot of rules and Attitude of the past empires. It had a significant impact on entire societies of the region. The real establisher of the mighty suppressing empire against other nations specially Greeks, was Darius I. Greeks and all three philosophers Socrates, Plato and Xenophon had a great respect for Cyrus. Darius I was the one who attempted the bloodiest coupd'eta in the history of human antiquity against Median revolution. He defeated and crushed sixteen uprising and defender of the revolution against his new established empire within two years. Darius I laterally revived and reestablished the Assyrian type of governing organization for his empire. Please check the Behestoon inscription. There is no respect at all for Cyrus through entire inscriptions as the founder of the empire. Cyrus never considered himself as an emperor.

[@anahidmaghaki940]

Thema are armrnians KHALDI the Stadt Urartu Van 5:20 -Dushba

[@MrDididevi]

North-Eastern part of Anatolia was always inhabited by Kartvelians and they still live there

[@aliklc1970]

Lazkiya

[@manubishe]

History Channel 2.0

[@latanyamcpherson9948]

Original man on the planet was melinated! Black! I want to know when the white msn appeared on the planet!

[@hannailkinpromopage-canada4958]

What is the most important story of Prophet Hanna a perfect replica to modern CHRIST story, was native Turkic heritage but did not know Turk, she was from wealth but raised negro, conceived in Ararat birth ISTANBUL 1967 had PKK lover, expanded holy and had rainbow of male children and was ANATOLIAN in the authentic version. TRUE VERSION

[@853dlg]

Phrygian was not a part of italo-celtic branch but a part of Paleobalkanic branch probably Thraco-illyrian, they are the Byrges from the Balkans which migrated to Anatolia. Byrges>Phyrges

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

Gord-i-an -Proud

[@lba6859]

Why aren't mentioned Armenians? Is it because they are to the 'east of Anatolia'? Or there is some special agenda the author is following? Armenians come from the same genetic pool of neolithic Anatolia with quite prominent genetic sites. Besides, Armenians are the closest neighbours of Hittie and Luwians - the last disappeared, but could have dispersed among Armenians (and probably Luwian also contributed into evolution of the Armenian).

[@jackholler3572]

Because you are not anatolian more like persian and assyrian... Urartu has nothing to do with armenians like armenians keep claiming. It is actually more related to chechens.

[@OBellamafia]

@@jackholler3572 you definitely need to learn more about Anatolia history/ Armenia history. People know about it. Who are you trying to lie

[@jackholler3572]

@@OBellamafia Armenians always lie. Nothing new. You are not anatolian but caucasian. It is not the first time you have been kicked out in anatolia.

[@reefjosey1947]

The real owners of Anatolia could not be those who rely on other powers. Because They founded civilization here and spread it to east and west. their self-confidence should be higher than all the states in the world and they must be smug. To be Anatolian, you will clash with great powers in one place. Trying to get something by hiding behind them is proof that you are not from here. It is shameful to be the one controlled or act like someone's tin soldier for these lands. This place gave birth to civilization. It's not a place where you can find excitement by running someone else's ball. It's not about your race, it's about your mindset and perspective.

[@gamerk1625]

​@@jackholler3572what's your argument? Armenians have been in eastern anatolia before and after urartu .. 7800 years to be exact

[@ashog1426]

I am from Kavkaz my ancestors come from Van

[@ow2750]

there is oi lectures. without money paying... and its better made and scientific valid

[@indianbengaligirl8700]

Vedic civilization is much more older than that

[@owenjohnson8800]

Fun fact modern Sardinia is 95 percent neolithic Anatolian. the closest population to neolithic Anatolian farmers. With Greece in a close second.... Modern Turkish people actually came from central Asia during mongol invasion and are not geneticly related to neolithic.. Anatolian neolithic are much closer to European and had the most relevant light skin gene fixed through out the population and would be major contributor to how cheddar man became white along with steppe nomads... All modern European are a mix of the civilization that built the oldest monuments on earth and we're some of the first farmers ever ..Anatolia neolithic.. And the population that invented the saddle, wheel and chariot with the steppe nomads

[@aegeanenjoyer668]

Overall correct comment, just a few corrections: Greeks and South Italians are a close second to Sardinians (about 90% Anatolian), and then come Northern Italians, Northern Greeks and Albanians (about 85% Anatolian). Turks are also high on Anatolian % since their DNA is derived mainly from the people inhabiting Anatolia when the Ottomans arrived: Anatolians (Phrygians, Hittites and others), Greeks, Armenians and Phoenicians - all of Anatolian origin, even Phoenicians who are about 50% Anatolian if not more. This wad proven by genetic studies on modern Turkish citizens and has been confirmed by secondary studies, such as the study "Origins of the Minoans and Mycenaeans" that showed modern Turks being very closely related to Bronze Age Anatolians if I'm not mistaken. There is some Central Asian (Turkic) influence but it's usually small. The Turkic nomads first invaded Persia, where they got assimilated - the Ottomans were mostly Persian and Phoenician by the time they reached Anatolia, with a significant (around 30% on average) Turkic influence. They also had many volunteers who didn't have any Turkic DNA at all. I mentioned Italians. Here are some of the genetic studies about Italians being included in the Anatolian family: -Genetic Origins of the Minoans and Mycenaeans -Ancient Rome: A Genetic Crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean -Population Structure of Modern Day Italians Reveals Patterns of Ancient and Archaic Ancestries in Southern Europe Hope I helped!

[@precursors]

And here are some actual facts for you: There was no “light skin” before 6,000 years ago. Also, Turks did not come to Anatolia “during Mongol invasion”. Modern Turkish people have around 25% of the dna of the Turkic tribes that arrived in 11th century. Majority of modern Turkish people are descendants of original Anatolians.

[@owenjohnson8800]

@@precursors "how Europeans evolved light skin " 2015....."about 7800 years ago farmers from the middle east migrated to Europe THEY CARRIED BOTH LIGHT SKIN GENES, slc24a5 swept through Europe rapidly while the second light skin gene was at a lower frequency in EUROPE until 5800 years ago." that is a direct quote it clearly shows you misrepresented facts... It specifically says that the first gene was already in high frequency 6000 years ago and that the second gene swept into high frequency 6000 years ago not that they both appeared out of nowhere 6000 years ago in farmers after they left the near east... In fact it specifically says they already had both genes.... You honestly think hunter gatherers which were there for thousands of years old wouldn't of evolved it themselves if immigrants immediately started getting lighter after a migration... How does that make sense.. Light skin came from immigration not evolution in Europe... The most accepted view in academia is slc24a5 evolved in the caucus and Iran 19k to 22k years ago... Which would still make light skin relatively recent... If there was no light skin 6000 years ago and we evolved from a west African skin tone to now having areas in the north like Estonia 80 percent blonde hair and blue eyes... That would be such a fast evolution it'd basically be super human..... If evolution can happen that fast our entire understanding of evolution is flawed

[@precursors]

@@owenjohnson8800 I didn’t say “white skin”, I said “light skin”. Yes, 7800 years ago there were white people with the white gene however their skin color was far from the white skin today. If you believe the Anatolian farmers were as white as an average modern european you are sorely mistaken.

[@owenjohnson8800]

@@precursors you do know that rising in frequency means more people have both genes not that the gene evolved lighter tones itself after they left the near east... You realize that they judge ancient skin color directly by if they have these two genes so do computers.. There is zero real way to actually see what there skin color looked like... All we know for sure is these people have the most amount of light skin genes even more than steppe nomads as they only had slc24a2 and used the term relatively light but somewhat darker.. Where Anatolian farmers had slc24a5 and slc24a2..which the other is even stronger than the nomad variant.... It specifically says indengious European hunter gatherers began getting lighter after breeding with farmers not that farmers got lighter.. The name of the article is how European evolved light skin not humans it's also been six years your missing many newer discoveries

[@gidemnas]

Interesting how long he speaks about the region that geographical name is Armenian Highland and the historical name was Armenia, the region that had been populated for thousands years by Armenians after fallen of Armenian kingdoms , how carefully avoided the word ARMENIAN. BTW the name Anatolia means East and was related to Eastern Rome well known as Byzance. And it was Western part of Minore Asia. The Eastern part of Minor Asia was always known as Armenia or later after decimation of Armenians in their Father's land as Armenian Highland. Assyrians and later Romans and Persians always called it as Armenia. Do you see How fast he blurred the map showed on 10:17 why because the word ARMINIYA??? Such a mistake btw the map is still fake there were NO in History such a big Media or even term Lesser Media. That time was Greater Armenia and Lesser Armenia. Media was strong but not so big on the West but to East to Central Asia and Bactria. Assyria was big on the South . Find and read the History of Armenia.

[@seyhuncelik9584]

Nobody denies the Armenians. I think this video focused on western Anatolia. And almost every concept in this video is only briefly explained. I am from Cilicia and it is extremely rich region of Anatolia and they never mentioned it in the video. Am I mad? Yes a little :D

[@nfiautopia2066]

Armenian highland is the eastern part of what is turkey today. The historical Anatolia is the western, southern and the inner parts. It doesnt include eastern and southeastern part.

[@gidemnas]

@@seyhuncelik9584 Do you mean Cilicia that belonged to the kingdom of Armenia? Cilicia there massacres of Armenians in Ottoman Impire started in 1894 and after were completely wanished Armenian presence there? BTW Armenians the one of the the original inhabitants of Cilicia were present there for thousands years before the XX century. I share your feelings! When we say A we have to say B as well. The clip maker has certain political implications in this video and that is the reason why he has "omitted" some of the academicall basics.

[@seyhuncelik9584]

@@gidemnas Armenians came here like 7000 years after the establishment of Adana(settlement). First known inhabitants were Ancient Anatolians probably Luwians. Adana is still called Adana atleast for 4000 years. Cilicia's history is way older then many of the modern nationalities. But yet there are many Armenian, Roman, Greek, Persian, Ottoman and prehistorical cultural remainings still stands here. And my city Adana is still a multinational and multi-religious city after all these inhumane events. After all, we are all descendants of Ancient Anatolians. Stupid politics and religions are the only things that divide us.

[@gidemnas]

@@seyhuncelik9584 7000 years? Waw! Armenians did not came they have born in the region and Cappadocia and Ciclicia included. Maybe you speak about Rubinians Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia established in 1080 , but that is just one of the Kingdoms. CILICIA still was a part of Tigranes the Great Kingdom in 1st century BC. Luwians presence on the West part of Asia Minor suggested from 17th century BC. Also they were not dominated people in Peninsula. Armenians had recorded their own presence on the East part of Asia Minor as nation from 2492 BC. (Cilicia is South Eastern part of Asia Minore btw) And if some body to be decendand of the Hettites, Hayasa and Urartians it should be Armenians. Turks are descendents of turkic nomads, turk seljukes came to land of Armenians, Greeks, Assyrians just 600 years ago. How come you became to be descendent of Luwians or other Anatolian nations, when those nations already were not there for thousands years much much before first Turks or Mongols appeared on the land of the nation's we speak about (those nations already become Armenians, Greeks or Assyrians). And suddenly Armenian town of Adana in your interpretation become "Luwian" town, and Central Asian turkic Mongol invaders came in to Adana in XIV - XV became the descendents of "Luwians" who melted into Armenian, Greek and Assyrians thousands years before? There is the logic? About the Armenian heritage. Could you imagine somebody will come and kill your family loot the property of your ancestors, overtake the house built by your grandfather and after proudly say that he takes care of the heritage and house of the people who lived there before? The rapist robberer and murderer of your family proudly will proclaim that he is the true owner of the house because he is the direct decendand of grandfather of your grandfather? BTW and main time has shut up about the fact that he had killed your grandparents and massacered your family and that his real ancestors were living in Altay, Mongolia and Turkestan and had nothing to do in your town and your house. This is not about politics this is about justice. 7000 years? Fuck why not 70000 years? the lies could be easier bured ? Just go back to 100+ years and you will see truth.

[@dastanrasul]

Ha? Where did the Hurrian went? They were before the hittite the Hurrian and araratin

[@aliklc1970]

Hurrian are not anatolian people 😂 hurrians are urartu highland people

[@SolaceEasy]

Word Salad without proper speaker engagement.

[@ValentinaPerez-iv5nj]

why didn't he mention anything about Armenia? One of the longest and oldest civilizations in that area. I wonder if the people behind this video are either Turkish or Azeri...because they always hated Armenians because they're Christian

[@jackholler3572]

Armenia is not in anatolia. Christianity has nothing to do with it. Dont agitate yourself to your colonizer masters.

[@MrsValentina007]

@@jackholler3572 According to who? What are your sources? I took an Ancestry21 DNA test and I was classified 94% Anatolian, as in, Armenian, because they classified Armenia as part of Anatolia. And I know this is correct because my family from both sides are all Armenian. Except they had to flee certain areas because the Azeri government burned down their village and murdered the people there, for being, and I quote, "filthy Christians."

[@reefjosey1947]

The real owners of Anatolia could not be those who rely on other powers. Because They founded civilization here and spread it to east and west. their self-confidence should be higher than all the states in the world and they must be smug. To be Anatolian, you will clash with great powers in one place. Trying to get something by hiding behind them is proof that you are not from here. It is shameful to be the one controlled or act like someone's tin soldier for these lands. This place gave birth to civilization. It's not a place where you can find excitement by running someone else's ball.

[@ValentinaPerez-iv5nj]

@@reefjosey1947 Owners of Anatolia? Armenians resided there peacefully, for thousands of years, without any ego-power trip trying to claim everything in sight. Armenians didn’t need to prove anything to anyone. Just lived peacefully. This was before the Mongols came slaughtering everyone and created Azerbaijan and Turkey

[@ValentinaPerez-iv5nj]

@@jackholler3572 No agitation here. Just speaking facts that Armenians (just like the Assyrians) have been residing in that region for thousands of years. It’s in the Bible too

[@jonjonboi3701]

Anatolia is not part of the middle east. Anatolia is part of Eurasia just like Armenia

[@Ottomans2k]

Anatholia is Tamil word of "Yanatholiya " because ancient tamils developed Anatholia as main space.

[@JungleJargon]

I want to know what their Y chromosomes are.

[@hurguler]

Just Google the Y haplogroups in Turkey and you'll find at least a dozen different groups. Maternal haplo groups are interesting too. Just as it does in Europe, H dominates.

[@JungleJargon]

@@hurguler H is Semitic. 95+% of European mtDNA is Semitic.

[@JungleJargon]

@@hurguler Let me guess, T L R F G I J...?

[@JungleJargon]

I forgot the Canaanite E...

[@jeanalice4732]

@@JungleJargon where did you learn about this?

[@shapasha6266]

Wrong Anatolia build by kurdish cane from Zagros Media is kurdish and akways motion as sumerian too

[@liars6495]

West asian/Middle Eastern People not Europeans .

[@e.v3832]

lol, anatolia was heartland of eastern roman empire more than a millennia(1000+years) so it is pretty much european, no need to mention about even greek history etc...

[@oracleswithin]

The Caucasus Mountains proves you wrong haha

[@aliklc1970]

Yes because anatolia is asia of europea.

[@Alarix246]

It must hurt every Greek's heart to see the names of their historical cities falling into obscurity, renamed to Turkish names today...

[@abbeyrhapsody3205]

The Helens (greeks) migrated there, anatolia wasn't even greek at first, when the ancient (native) anatolians were living in their OWN land! And today, Turkish people have %70 ancient anatolian/etresque dna {it is stated that the etresque people are proto-turkish, even though they lived (actually migrated) in Italy, their dna was the same with the anatolian turks rathen than Italians} and %30 turkic (siberian/central asian) dna, meaning AT LEAST when the turks took anatolia, the ancient anatolians didn't disappear!!! oh and im sure it must have hurt every Turkish/Turkic people's heart to see the names of their historical cities falling into obscurity, renamed to new Russian names today... (Siberia unfortunately belongs to Russia) So you got what i meant? The maps can change at any time and don't try to make the greeks the victim here while they weren't even the natives of anatolia! The anatolian turks are both aware of their ancient anatolian and old turkic dna and they are proud of it and there are MANY companies that are named after ancient anatolian words and cities (not greek, but Ancient Anatolians such as the Lydians, Sumerians or Hittites) but why would they name some greek cities when in the first place it wasn't even greek?

[@vesnanuspahic7510]

Gordion Phrygien city means PROUD ,Izmir Mirna-IZ-MIR means PEACE ,Bithnia means Importent and so and so 😁

[@thehittite6536]

peter ruby what about the kurds? im kurd and over 80% native anatolian according to dna test.

[@Alarix246]

@@thehittite6536 well I think the area was much more complicated and many more tribes were there present; to say that the Anatolians ruled all over the Asia Minor would surely be an overstatement, placing the minosr tribes and city state dwellers into one Anatolian bag. As an example, I know that part of our Bohemian Celts (living in what is today Czechia but known as Boii) left to what is currently Switzerland to join Helvetii Celtic tribes, but another half traveled to Asia Minor and settling in what is today called after them (Kelts) Galatia. I'm sure they were not Anatolians, yet they joined the genetic pool of people living there. I think that modern genetic testing is simplifying some more complicated issues.

[@Alarix246]

@@abbeyrhapsody3205 to be honest, I don't know much about these things. I was judging from the Greek names of cities which are now Turkish. I have no idea of the Greeks founded some towns as new, or renamed the existing ones and what was the percentage of it. All I know is that Turks are Asiatic people who came from far East, meaning beyond Ural mountains, and they came later than Greeks. Of course Greeks "came" one day as well, but they were themselves not one tribe but many tribes and the population before them was diverse as well. We can certainly agree that the inhabitants of Göbekli Tepe were neither Greek nor Turks.

[@tonyjemz777]

What comes to the mind when one said Anatolia? Ancient Africa! That's what comes to mind Africa!🌍✊🏿💥

[@twonumber22]

I'm pretty sure you're just trolling at this point.

[@tonyjemz777]

@@twonumber22 I knew you would see things my way!🌍✊🏿💥

[@twonumber22]

@@tonyjemz777 uh, ok

[@bryanktrenberth]

@@tonyjemz777 explains why irish people have anatolian dna......

[@georgegeorge8634]

The Anatolian people are Assyrian and Hitties in orgin and not mongols.

[@oracleswithin]

Assyrians are Semitic but the most ancient Sumerians are not

[@georgegeorge8634]

@@oracleswithin They are still the same shit, Assyrian and Sumerians. No one knows what the sumerians was semtic is a langued, but genetics they are the same.

[@charmate661]

lmao no one said Anatolians were mongols except u europeans.

[@aliklc1970]

Hahaha assyrians are mesopotamian people 😂😂

[@aliklc1970]

Turks are anatolian origin because they are turkized byzantims

[@dagdelenomerr]

wrong informattions sorry

[@nikos6821]

Ancient Greeks gave knowledge to the whole planet. Like it or not

[@latanyamcpherson9948]

Sorry for bringing truth! The Greeks got all their knowledge from Africa! They studied in Africa! Take a trip to Athens and go to the museum! Everything they have came from black Egyptians even their Gods! Europeans remain nothing without the knowledge obtained from African civilization ! We were the first people inhabiting the planet! That is why every time they dig they find a black man! It’s a shame that they have all agreed to whitewash history as part of WS! Truth frees everyone! You would respect blacks people for all they gave to this world if they would just tell the truth! Irrespective of the lies we know our truth! Putin just told you about black Yeshua! Do you research the truth is out there!

[@user-sb3yq5hi5p]

Funny

[@scottdellrobinson]

Not true. Sorry

[@jacksirounian4371]

How come there’s no word about Armenians and their kingdoms

[@lba6859]

That's why don't trust "history" channels. Everyone puts forward their agenda.

[@aliklc1970]

Because Armenia highland and Armenians are not Anatolian and not Anatolians

[@lba6859]

@@aliklc1970 because Turks are immigrants from karakum desert that assimilated Greeks, Armenians and Assyrians. Turks have nothing to do with Anatolians, Luwians and Hitties who were direct neighbours of Armenians, with Luwian possibly having some influence on the Armenian. When will you stop looking and being jealous to others and start finally creating something of your own...

[@anoushnewman1247]

I am surprised you had neglected to mention the Armenians who are one of the original inhabitants of the region ?????. Yet you show Armenian sites and archeological evidence of Armenians . This is surprising!

[@anoushnewman1247]

I suppose because the funds that come from Turkish government authority to bury the the memory of the original inhabitants of the region. What a shame for a scholar to compromise his integrity!

[@noobsaibot7006]

@@anoushnewman1247 armenians are not native to anatolia like the greeks they arrived at these places. Go cope about it

[@jackholler3572]

​@@anoushnewman1247 None of the sites are armenians and armenians not native to anatolia. Armenian controlled land is not anatolia you idiots.

[@kairuannewambui8456]

All were indo European While archaeology shows none. 👍

[@sarahhaley7458]

Yes, it’s an overly specific term science made up to describe racists before they were just all called racists.

[@Louiseskybunker]

10 tons of fake art in this creepy video

[@ding0792]

Ha ha it’s almost get to the politics, Before you mention about the Turks, you should mention about Armenians. Armenians and Armenian Kingdom in Eastern Anatolia, and todays Armenians in ... living in the Ottoman lands, and paid their taxes like any other citizen.

[@koksalceylan9032]

Armenians Paying Taxes??? Yeah sure, Just like the Greeks paying Taxes?.yes

[@oracleswithin]

@@koksalceylan9032 only fools will believe you. You will never win with truth and beauty 😊

[@jackholler3572]

​@@oracleswithin We already did

[@russelleads2145]

Anatolia? Maybe because this is where Noah and the kids landed after the flood?? Mysterious Sea Peoples, lol, that's what they say when they are just unsure. Academics are so predictable.

[@gregjundanian8284]

No Armenia?

[@gregjundanian8284]

That's just not true, but whatever@@Deruvish91

[@wor53lg50]

Indians have no part in this story.... Indo dosnt mean india..

[@wor53lg50]

@@Deruvish91 no they aint, there more related to north western european than indian, in fact Indian share no halp groups whereas Europeans do..they from celt lineage..the indo is from the steppes and the euro(aryan) is the celt/slavic/baltic line.

[@oracleswithin]

Only fools will forget Armenians

[@hamzaalmdghri8741]

Anatolian civilizations are not Indo-European despite the fabrications of fascism at the beginning of the last century

[@aliklc1970]

Armenians are not anatolians lol they are armenia higland people or urartu higlands

[@oracleswithin]

@@aliklc1970 Lmao OnlyFoolsWillBelieveYou. Luckily MyDNA Evidence proves you WRONG haha

[@oracleswithin]

@@hamzaalmdghri8741 OnlyFoolsWillBelieveYouLmao

[@argishtenterprise]

Before turks there was ARMENIA

[@cihanozel4344]

Bruh

[@oracleswithin]

Before Greece & Rome there was ARMENIA

[@argishtenterprise]

@Rüçhan Ok were your nation live?

[@argishtenterprise]

@@cihanozel4344 koyun

[@jackholler3572]

​@@argishtenterprise Cryyyyyy. No weak people stay in power in Anatolia. Now go and agitate yourself to your colonial masters. 😂😂😂😂😂

[@harutsahakyan9984]

Anatolia is Armenia

[@reefjosey1947]

The real owners of Anatolia could not be those who rely on other powers. Because They founded civilization here and spread it to east and west. their self-confidence should be higher than all the states in the world and they must be smug. To be Anatolian, you will clash with great powers in one place. Trying to get something by hiding behind them is proof that you are not from here. It is shameful to be the one controlled or act like someone's tin soldier for these lands. This place gave birth to civilization. It's not a place where you can find excitement by running someone else's ball.

[@aliklc1970]

No😅 armenia highland is armenia

[@albaniansuperiorshqipetari8055]

Albanians where the first people that lived in Anatolia. 🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱🇦🇱

[@precursors]

What an idiotic comment. Anatolia has been a bridge between Africa and Euope throught human history for hundreds of thousands of years. The “first people that lived in Anatolia” would be half a million years ago

[@albaniansuperiorshqipetari8055]

@@precursors you are worst than an idiot. to think you know the truth.

[@dastanrasul]

Wtf?

[@precursors]

@@albaniansuperiorshqipetari8055 Sorry, but you are an idiot. Before anyone else, before Homo Sapients passed trough Anatolia there was Homo Neandethals and before them Homo Erectus etc. Anatolia has always been a passage for all kinds of human migrations. Therefore, when "first people" lived in Anatolia, there was no "Albanians" to speak of. You are an idiot.

[@albaniansuperiorshqipetari8055]

@@precursors you talk bull Shit

[@mishu002]

Mai vreti putere?

[@wor53lg50]

Indigenous Anatolians was originally a celt speaking tribe when the area was still classed as being Europe, only until the islamic invasion and colonialism of muslims did it then become a Arabic speaking area under the caliphate which then became a part of Asia minor, or eurasia...

[@aliklc1970]

You are knowledgeable in history and geography, my friend. Anatolia was never conquered by the Arabs. Turks were conquered by the people and Anatolia was Turkified. Today's Turks are essentially the continuation of the native Anatolian people.

[@HSS7564]

Wrong The Hatti were Blacks of Africa .

[@m-l7127]

The ancient Armenians were there for literally thousands of years from the Mediterranean upwards. The urartu etc. . Interesting you skip this and mentioned the outsider mongol invaders the Turks. Fake history here.

[@aliklc1970]

Armenian highland is not Anatolia 😂

[@jcastle614]

Very interesting!! Looking forward to seeing the next chapter.

[@mishu002]

Mai vreti putere?