Introduction to the Indus Valley Civilization

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

What products do you use daily that comes from another culture? Let us know!

[@SSMBukhari]

#Mobile phones

[@amulyakumarverma8637]

Q

[@SJ-zo3lz]

@BloggerNANCY That is this Indus Valley civilization. It's not coincidence that Vedas, among the greatest works of the ancient world described only the pre-5000 BCE Indus Valley night sky and landscape and of no other place in the world!! It's too obvious that the Indus Valley civilization is the Hindu civilization !

[@dk11243]

@@SJ-zo3lz indus velly has absolutely nothing to do with vedic culture, the fact that indus civilisation has toilets 5000 years ago while vedic culture people still shit in open in 21st century

[@maryamhaseeb6493]

U gave a heart to urself, weird 😐

[@yo2trader539]

That was interesting. If I understood correctly the period of decline for Indus Valley civilization is about the same period when the Yangtze civilization declined. Based on archaeological findings in the Yangtze basin, volatile climate irregularities around 4,000 years ago was one of the main causes, possibly also triggering various migrations around the world.

[@jmab721]

Yeah, end of Age of Taurus. Beginning of Age of Aries.

[@haniaatif3102]

Being the student of art history I really liked how you explained.

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks for watching!

[@Mourinho244]

Hey...can i make money with art history?....

[@MuhammadTariq-vj9wi]

Being the professor of history i strongly recomend this video to students and every one as best video o IVC

[@kraut1982]

Why would such an established civilization with a big population take the language of a few people coming from outside? Not very convincing argument in my opinion.

[@SJ-zo3lz]

Spot on! It's Just a Religio- political lie planted by Christian-Islamic-Marxist missionaries to establish that Hinduism is not a native Indian civilization but a religion like theirs that invaded India!!

[@kraut1982]

@Alexios I Komnenos Can you provide 3 examples please?

[@rondg8696]

Very impormative and very reliable historian anchor love it to watch all of your vlog thank you for all impormation love it to watch 🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thank you!

[@matthewmann8969]

Have to say I like how it looks like a very old or ancient kind of Chicago in a way yeah

[@gameon4594]

Great video!!!! It made me the smartest in my class 👍👍👍👍👍

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Glad it helped!

[@aadibutt911]

I enjoyed this video coz its very informative ... And I exactly got the info I was searching about

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Glad it was helpful!

[@waqasmansoor7956]

i am in pakistan and i live liek 10 km away from this . just came back from the visit . its very silent whenever you visit this part

[@KatariaGujjar]

Make a video

[@clydeandreivallite5652]

Wow grape

[@evilvengeance-pl1bs]

Very helpful as I am currently studying the indus valley civilisation

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks for watching! We hope your studies are going well.

[@hlqa7938]

Thanks!!! Please where can we find documentation on IVC/Harappan VALUES? It might b da only civilization that flourished without wars or slavery, we need 2 learn in what they beleived n how their society worked

[@hlqa7938]

@Kapil Jain Thanks Kapil, would you please share some links? I can't find a good one

[@SJ-zo3lz]

You mean Indus /Sindhu/Hindu valley Values? Obviously Vedic Hindu values! It's not coincidence that Vedas, among the greatest works of the ancient world described only the pre-5000 BCE Indus Valley night sky and landscape and of no other place in the world!! It's too obvious that the Indus Valley civilization is the Hindu civilization !

[@kraut1982]

Can you please provide your source about the wind catchers in IVC, you are the first one I have heard this from. Also wouldn’t that make Indus valley civilization the first evidence of use of wind catchers in the world ?

[@jmab721]

Study of Antiquity channel also mentions that in his aryan origins video

[@virenkumarvasava4366]

That was not unicorn on coin scripture but it is well identified Bull and male cattle🙌🏻.

[@zolameteku5781]

How come on your web page chronology there is no mention of Egyptian or Kush or Kemet civilization?

[@ahmedshaharyarejaz9886]

So did nothing happen between the Indus Valley Civilozation and Today? What about that portion of history?

[@paulinav4413]

Super informative. Making my iso couch days so much more productive ✔️

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thankyou so much Paulina, so glad you enjoyed it!

[@qaismohmand5490]

Hello

[@Mourinho244]

@@qaismohmand5490 she is not going to be converted...shut it

[@jamshedqadir2725]

Wow... Simply its outstanding

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks for watching!

[@Sonu.kushwaha1-]

I'm from India ❤️

[@mukarramraad]

Mehrgarh (7000 BCE - 2600 BCE) Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BCE - 1300 BCE) Gandhara Civilization (300 BCE - 1100 CE) These three civilizations originated in Pakistan and later extended their influence into modern-day Afghanistan and a small part of India.

[@tawan20082008]

awesome

[@pedrolplgm]

Thanks like.

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks for watching!

[@noumanaslam8951]

Indus Valley civilization Proud of Pakistan

[@H_3mant]

Abe hadd h kuch toh saram karo ab hamari history bhi churaoge chi chi. Kya lanat h tum logo pe ek to 70 saalo se hamare zameen par kabja karke bethe ho itne mei sukoon nahi h kya.

[@H_3mant]

Tum log surrender kyu nahi kar dete maan kyu nahi lete ki hum sab hindustani h. Border ka jhamela khatam kashmir ka tension khatam pakistan khatam sab ek.

[@KatariaGujjar]

@Karna Surya Putra There was always Pakistan.

[@KatariaGujjar]

@Karna Surya Putra Sorry we dont know this term

[@eshal5700]

@Zodiak Hindustan, and the name comes from indus river.

[@whitehope724]

Liked the information & the presentation as well.

[@secularsunshine9036]

I believe that the River dried up due to earthquakes and a large fault that change the flow of the river, sending it in a different direction. While there is climate change associated with a river drying up, the cause of the river drying up "is not" climate change.

[@anbalagapandians1200]

Super News

[@citystatetopresent]

Great 👍

[@ThatNewTeacher]

Very helpful. Thank you!

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Glad it was helpful!

[@qaismohmand5490]

Hello

[@Tekmirion]

Nice info and well presented

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks very much!

[@John_O_Connor]

Indus Valley Civilization of Pakistan ❤🇵🇰 Mehrgarh, Harappa, Mohanjo-Daro and the Indus Valley are all part of the Pakistani soil and the history of the Pakistani people 🫡🇵🇰

[@bg53rockylayek4]

😂😂😂😂 Pakistan? It was created only for religion the mohenzodaro discovered by rakhal das Banerjee is an Indian , the name indus came from Sindhu which is Sanskrit word 😂 it was part of India . Mind it

[@Pakiza-Ali]

Yes you are right - the original site is Mehrgarh, Pakistan. The interesting thing is the date given for this site is 8,000 years ago and it is in Balochistan. I an proud of IVC, Gandhara etc 🇵🇰

[@bg53rockylayek4]

@@Pakiza-Ali 🤣 abe lwde search kar goggle mai ki oldest indus site kon sa hai, oldest site hai bhiranna jo ki haryana mai hai india ke, aur indus valley discover to indian hi kiye the 😆😆

[@fun-mode]

Pakistanis never recognise them as they were part of indus valley they recognised themselves as turks Arabs etc

[@ahmedshaharyarejaz9886]

Thanks to decades of Indians badgering us about recognizing our roots, we Pakistanis have started to own the Indus Valley Civilization as our own. It is ours now because we are mostly the original inhabitants of this land. We will keep both Islam and Our Ancestors ancient Culture for our benefit now.

[@chenlanhuang6898]

I have more than 100 pieces collection antique seals Thank you 🙏

[@padmanabhanc.s.chittoor1605]

After the invasion of Aryans, the original habitats called Dravidians were driven down south mostly. The remains of a female in Rakhigiri dating to 4500 BCE has DNA matching to Irula tribes in the mountains of Nilgiris in Tamilnadu.

[@johnjacobastoriv688]

The following points bring out the inconsistencies in popular narrative of AIT - 1.Mahabharat war happened in india in 3000 BC, and aryan invaded india in 1500 BC, so how could this happen 2.If Aryans were nomadic, did they become agarians overnight? 3.Did they immediately wrote vedas 4.Did they explored the Indian Subcontinent from Afghanistan to Gangite plains (mentioned in Rig Veda) within a century? 5.Did they forgot to write about the famous battle they won against the inhabitants of a strange land they had just invaded? 6.If Sanskrit is the Indo-Iranian and Tamil is Dravidian, then how both languages have some similarities 7.If North Indians are Aryan Invaders and there existed a Tamil Religion which, didn't followed Vedas then how come Pandya Kingdom was doing Ashvamedha Yagya even Dravidian Kings have performed this Yagya more than arya kings 8.If Aryans came from outside India, and Vedas were composed by Aryans - then why Vedas do not refer to any distant homeland ? Even, Aryas refer Sapt sindhu as their motherland. 9.If Dravidians were inhabitants of Indus valley civilization, and were pushed downwards into south - then why does Tamil/Kannada etc. literature does not refer to Indus valley as their original distant homeland ? 10.Vedas were composed by (so-called) Aryans around 5000 BC** which means they had (supposedly) settled in Indus valley already by then - while scientific and archaeological evidences suggest Indus valley civilization collapsed during 1500-1800 BC, then how is Aryan invasion theory consistent with the timelines ? 11.Due to lack of any remnants of a war or massacre in Indus valley civilization areas - was Aryan invasion theory (AIT) conveniently changed to Aryan migration theory (AMT) ? Even then, is AMT consistent with timeline and chronology discussed above ? 12.Much of the genesis of Aryan invasion theory is based on similarities between Sanskrit and Latin/Greek - so why should it be construed that Aryans came into India from Europe or Central Asia, and why not it be construed that it's probably Indians who might have migrated outside to Central Asia/ Europe ?Even Edward Pococke surrendered to the indian invasion into greece theory 13.Another premise on which AIT/ AMT is loosely based is Harappan seals which carry inscription of 'bulls’ and not horses which is (supposedly) associated with Aryans - isn't this logic too simplistic as like someone suggesting 100 years later that since Indian currency carries only 'Gandhi’ hence that is an evidence to conclude that India had no other freedom fighters ? 14.No Indian sage has ever supported AIT/ AMT - then why Indians trust Max Mueller's interpretation of Vedas but not their own sages (Vivekanand, Aurobindo, Ambedkar etc.) who negate the theory and know both sanskrit and vedas more than Max Mueller ? 15.How were the Dravidians able to migrate down south, crossing the dense Aravali Forest, without any weapons or tools made of iron? ( As iron age hadn't come into total effect in the Indus valley civilization )

[@harshvardhankumar7486]

There is no signs of invasion, so please stop using the hypocrite early dravidian politicians in tamilnadu.

[@dr3lok07]

@@johnjacobastoriv688 you raised very interesting question ..appreciated !!

[@nitinbull8720]

There is no aryan invasion ,if any invasion there must be proof of destruction ,aryan invasion is british agenda ,aryan and tamil both are native of India ,aryan invasion theory has been debunked by many foreign and indian scholar and researcher including south indian scholar ,your comment is politically motivated what your so called politician told you

[@SJ-zo3lz]

@@johnjacobastoriv688 Perfectly compiled!

[@ronhak3736]

Saraswati was a mythical river. There was a river which dried up 4000 year back,.

[@assailantgaming6089]

Just fucking stop

[@guileniam]

Unlikely all the rivers mentioned in the river hymn were actual rivers and correspond to the same

[@nicermobil2601]

Outstanding video

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thank you so much!

[@fridge8270]

indus valley civilization

[@guyanaspice6730]

6:09 that's not a unicorn; it is an old rhinocerus with a long horn that supposedly went extinct around 29,000 yrs ago in siberia; so siberia is not too far - either rhinos were in india or indians went to siberia to see them; seems more likely an artist probably saw those rhinos in india; current rhinos' body look just like the shoulders in the depiction, but horn is not as long.; india has some interesting finds coming up soon; hope they do more and sooner and honestly w/o political agendas.

[@azoj2332]

Who even cares

[@guyanaspice6730]

@@azoj2332 nobody is saying you have to like video. She made a video so somebody cares; plus, others have viewed video including you; just wanted to point out extinct rhinos; as for the future finds coming in India, it is very important to knowing human and India's history.

[@ProtiumPower]

It is obviously bull. Other horn is behind the first, due to perspective it isn't visible. It is symbol of Lord Shiva the protector of cattle the Pashupati. Because bulls were used in agriculture. Huge grain silos have been found which tell the importance of cattle, so Lord Shiva is so important. Even today cattle is worshipped.

[@Naraa1]

That is not a rhino, because there are separate seals for rhinos. That unicorn also has cloth over it, Domesticated animal I think. But agree that may be something went extinct around 3000 BC. Or... some foreign animal of nearby mesopotamians like Horse etc which was not seen by local creator of the seal.

[@Naraa1]

@@ProtiumPower Indian Bull has hump. And there is already separate seal for bull with clear distinction. It may be Nilgai. Nilgai has horns, almost no hump. Just a guess

[@MJAli89]

7:50 Decline and Fall, I think you meant around 3,500 BCE.

[@najarnayeem345]

Thanks a lot mam You are providing such a information

[@gooddayhuman]

If you think that is amazing - wait until you discover the main city was none of those, but Dwaraka and is under the ocean to this day waiting to be rediscovered. It is the origin of many stories of "Atlantis".

[@kingsurya3215]

Don't spread misinformation

[@mo_msg]

what a fantastic video

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thank you very much!

[@RiyasatEnoshad]

The Hindu settlements at Indus valley civilization predates Egypt and Mesopotamia. Already considered one of the oldest civilisations in the world, experts now believe it is actually 10,000 years old - 2,500 years. That's actually shocking.

[@SJ-zo3lz]

You are right. Do watch videos of Nilesh Oak and Raj Vedam.They say the same.

[@anbalagapandians1200]

Super News Video

[@mail2pvrajesh]

Hope it's deciphered soon

[@FockYouMang43]

Indus means our independence

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks for watching!

[@dr.dinkel5682]

The merchandise is fire, make more designs

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Glad you like it! Keep your eyes open for new designs coming!

[@dyutikeskar6042]

Was Sanskrit related to Indus Valley culture???

[@sakondo789]

Ancient people traded their seals

[@madhurmotwani9935]

hahah I love when people talk about my civilization and origins :)

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Lots of fascinating history. Thanks for watching! 🙂

[@fridge8270]

i use product like water water bottle,tv

[@heathcasey7803]

anyone here in anuchion class

[@alivirk3025]

Indus Valley civilization Harappa and Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan

[@greaterbharat4175]

Oldest site still in India (7570bce) in India bhirrana

[@umeshjagat8947]

There was no pakisatan. Ancient india have these civilization

[@alivirk3025]

Land and history is same people now Pakistan name.. people is this land only , inda name so come form Indus.. this land.

[@historicallegends3702]

It was india 🇮🇳

[@historicallegends3702]

@@alivirk3025 indus Valley people dna Is dravidian not Pakistani 🤣

[@wavemaker2077]

It is indeed possible that civilization started there. After the flood, Noah's ark landed on Mt. Everest. Then, according to the bible, they went to Shinar, which is in modern day Iraq. (Yes, Noah's ark didn't land in Turkey. Noah came from the east in going to Shinar. Turkey is in northwest of Shinar.) But of course Noah didn't go to Shinar right away. Going down from Mt. Everest, the Indus Valley is one of the places that are in the vicinity of Mt Everest. Some descentants of Noah may have settled in the Indus Valley and didn't go with Noah in going to Shinar.

[@ishamahal362]

nice

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Thanks very much. We hope you enjoyed it :)

[@dhanalakshmikorra3542]

Good enfermesan

[@girishbhoge4212]

Indus was the first civilization in the world

[@sajinair870]

Bharamns..?

[@sajinair870]

Killed why ? Any world Ask ...?

[@Inderjit666]

I am from Punjab and dont understand anything

[@valentinovictor]

Indus valley civilization is not the oldest, so it makes clear group of people from Sumerian or Mesopotamia have reached indus and settled there. Middle East has many raising kingdoms, wars during 3500 BC and it sounds meaningful that people migrated from Mesopotamia towards east in order to avoid damage , save their lives.

[@rahulpaturkar1425]

If you check some other facts of Indus valley civilization, one would conclude that Mesopotamians budded out of Indus valley civilization. The spectacular fact was that Indus valley civilization was much more populated than any contemporary civilizations like the Mesopotamian and Egyptians, it is estimated 5 million people use to inhabit this area which is bigger in extent than either of these. The number of excavation sites is more than 1500 and still finding. Unlike Mesopotamian or Egyptians Indus were more of fully realized civilization ever with no signs of wars or human genocides. It is probable than Indus people during later period migrated to Sumerian and Egyptian regions to starts new sites.. Indus valley civilization was the most flourished civilization of our times and technologically Moe sophisticated too.

[@nitinbull8720]

You are wrong ,vedas are 10000 year old ,sumerian and mesopotamian civilization mention in ramayana

[@valentinovictor]

@@nitinbull8720 😂😂🤣🤣 you must be joking

[@nitinbull8720]

@@valentinovictor so ignorant you are 😀😀😀

[@pinkvenom989]

@@valentinovictor it's not a joke

[@lol-si6cm]

yo post lyrics

[@suzimanipur2983]

😍🌹

[@LaughAdda]

Pakistan not care of this greatest Ancient..

[@asquidwithrabies3544]

WOW THIS WAS AMAZING A I THOUGHT I WAS THE ONLY ONE IN THE WORLD TO EVER HAVE A TOILET

[@historicallegends3702]

Indian subcontinent will be united again 🇮🇳❤

[@August14th1947]

No it will not, Pakistan zindabad 🇵🇰

[@everythingfc4004]

@@August14th1947 and Pakistan itself is created by Indians.😂😂

[@Arunxolo]

@@August14th1947 tu kon a 75 sal purani history 🤣

[@August14th1947]

@@Arunxolo Alhamdulillah Pak has a rich and diverse history, fikr not ;)

[@laibanasir3498]

@@Arunxolo lmao 🤣 Indus is based in Pakistan

[@bhupandrasalodia3607]

it is a bull, not a unicorn

[@human8454]

Oldest civilization

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

One of the oldest. 🙂

[@GyanTvAmit]

​​@@WorldHistoryEncyclopedianot one of the,there is new city found which was part of indus civilization its called bhirrana which is 10000 years old city more advanced and larger than harappa and Mohenjo daro😊😊 so its true indus valley is oldest civilization on this earth❤

[@mr.hotdogwater]

Bruh I’m in geography right now

[@KatariaGujjar]

So this is how ancient Pakistanis lived. Such a rich history Pakistan has.

[@umeshjagat8947]

Ha, ha, they are hindu not mulsim. You are Muslims indus valley have hindu god but you worship Allah

[@umeshjagat8947]

There is no ancient pakisathan. Only ancient hindustan there in 1947 pakisathan made for Islamic people

[@KatariaGujjar]

@@umeshjagat8947 Nope. No hindu in indus valley. This is Pakistan history. Deny all u want, it doesn't matter.

[@umeshjagat8947]

@@KatariaGujjar oh 😂😂😂indus valley people are not Muslims. Then how you are Muslims??? You are converted to islam and your grandfather are in india and he is hindu

[@hey-yw4rd]

@@KatariaGujjar but don't y'all claim to be arabs and mughals? and indus Valley had idols gods and aren't you guys against idol worshipping?

[@clydeandreivallite5652]

WOW GRAPE XD

[@thirumalmurugesan2587]

India valley civilization is a Tamil civilization ..

[@samirrewari6104]

no it was a north indian, and caucasian population. Tamils were jumping around in the forests and cleaning their buts with sticks at that time.

[@shaheen5281]

Nope. The people of Indus valley civilization are ancestors of the people of Pakistan. They were Iranian Neolithic Farmers. You mallus were running buttnaked and hunting boars back then.

[@valentinovictor]

Indus valley civilization is not the oldest, so it makes clear group of people from Sumerian or Mesopotamia have reached indus and settled there. Middle East has many raising kingdoms during 3500 BC and it sounds meaningful that people migrated from Mesopotamia towards east in order to avoid damage , save their lives.

[@shaheen5281]

@Kapil Jain What proof do you need? That the people inhabiting Pakistan aren't the descendants (maternally or paternally) of the IVC people? Are you one of those muh Dravidian people are the successors of the IVC?

[@valentinovictor]

@Kapil Jain get your knowledge base correct, harappa was dated back from 3300 BC, whereas Sumer civilization was dated back from 4500 BC.

[@saimamuqeet4242]

The word is harrapa but u should pronounce as "harruppa" I wanted to inform you because l am from Pakistan.

[@jessicajames4493]

I use arabic/ indian numbers and latin Alphabet 🤣😱🎉

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Nice! Thanks for watching!

[@GyanTvAmit]

there no arabic in it,its indian numberal system,arabs never even had idea of zero,they learn decimal system and numberals from india and attached their arab name with it and start promoting in western world

[@assailantgaming6089]

6:09

[@RizwanAli-gg6pi]

I am belongs to this city and my identity also a Indus people valley proud to be Sindhi

[@Pramod_Rawat0]

You are Arab, brought here after 7th century CE. How hypocrite of you to tell that your identity is that of ancient Indus Valley. Your own religion is centuries younger than our city Varanasi.

[@laibanasir3498]

@@Pramod_Rawat0 not all Pakistanis have Arab ancestry. Although some do have Arab as well as Persian ancestry.

[@cgt3704]

Fun fact: the indus valley civilization is not the oldest. In fact the oldest confirmed civilization is in Europe at what is modern day Serbia and Romania

[@priyankadave614]

You are wrong in recent discovery indus civilization dated back almost 9000 years ago and for your information if you dig deeper into archeological sites in rest of the world you will find signs of ancient civilization (indus Valley) and now DNA also provide the data that India is the cradle of all humans (you can check Abhiheet chawada videos) it's not your fault that you and others like you cudnt digest the fact because its feeding from childhood that european are best (false thinking though every thing is looted including all scientific knowledge and wealth) from all over the world. But they forget that truth will out someday.

[@cgt3704]

@@priyankadave614 dude. You are mispelling the discovery says the IVC was founded in 7000 bc, not 9000 bc. So stop with this nonsensical hubris cause it leads you nowhere.

[@priyankadave614]

@@cgt3704 no it's not, the thing is that you are biased with manipulative agenda of some evil people that shows only their agenda and hide real truth from rest of the world as if world know that people won't listen to them and their so called kingdom wil destroy so question is how long will they do it the truth will be out.

[@cgt3704]

@@priyankadave614 I AM BIASED. ? I can say the same thling to you. You speak nonsense. I work for nobody. So take your conspiracy bullcrap. Take your lies. Take your xenophobic prejudice AND PISS OFF.

[@priyankadave614]

@@cgt3704 😀😀😀😀 you are proving you are wrong showing anger and if I say that human history is million and billions of years old then, anyway people like you is there in this world who simply cannot digest truth but it doesn't mean truth become lie.

[@Techbhaktt]

I feel so critical when they are not able to pronounce indian words 😂

[@WorldHistoryEncyclopedia]

Apologies, we're doing our best.

[@MrKhan-ye7go]

How are those indian words ? When it is in Pakistan my country those are put words both yours

[@RitikArya11]

Not Indian subcontinent. It's just India. United India. One India. Aryavart. Bharat. Hind.

[@guileniam]

Who's this hot chicken narrating? History class would be wayy more interesting with teachers like this

[@phoebeknapp5870]

a spoon

[@ashutoshbhattacharya7355]

All is fine, but the Aryan invasion theory is not proved. There is conflict among scholars about it's truth as there is no evidence. Good video, but do not tell things that are debatable as facts!

[@sakshatkarandikar889]

Aryan invasion theory is a dogma

[@Byakuya_Senku]

A******

[@sunandabagha773]

Proved by most upper class Indians who always say that we are Aryans...they must have learned from their ancestors generation after generation

[@ProtiumPower]

Indus Valley civilisation is the soul of Indian subcontinent. Its script has been deciphered using Tamil-Brahmi which makes it ancestor of tamil, brahmi and sanskrit. And the important thing is that they worshiped Shiva and Vishnu. In south Shiva's son Kartikay is worshipped and in north India Ganesh is worshipped. Ayyapam is son of Shiva and Mohini avatar of Vishnu. Shiva is also called Pashupati ie protector of animals\cattle which is popular form of worship in south. So, I have heard this sentiment that tamils are not 'Hindus', tamils are related to Indus valley so they are Hindus as word Hindu and India have come from Indus river. We are one. There have been numerous changes in Hinduism over period of atleast since 10000 bc, since the period of hunter gatherers to farming to Indus Valley Civilisation to more modern history which had brought to its present form. Various migrations kept happening, changes were welcomed. There are said to be 330 million gods due to this. That is the cause of great social stability and unity. 6:13 It is obviously bull. Other horn is behind the first, due to perspective it isn't visible. Notice the bull penis. Nandi is Lord Shiva's vehicle. It is symbol of Lord Shiva the protector of cattle the Pashupati. Because bulls were used in agriculture. Huge grain silos have been found which tell the importance of cattle, so Lord Shiva is so important. Cows are still considered holy. As for the 'Deciphering' it is somewhat controversial because of disturbance it causes to beliefs of some extremists, there is unwillingness to accept it. The drying of Saraswati river which was caused by change in its course due to earthquake in Himalayas forced people to leave the place, so the knowledge of architecture and drainage was forgotten. We have all the archeological evidences, genetic evidences. Hinduism is not an agenda, it is the past of Indian Subcontinent. Even Swastika seal has been found in Indus valley. If you can't dare to see the evidences then you have no say in this matter. Aryan migration Theory is a myth. If you have enough courage to seek the real, true past that was hidden by western and colonial british scholars, then click on this link. First ensure that you have enough knowledge of science and basic biology. kzbin.info/www/bejne/hnrImnupfLqYe7c It will debunk every aspect of the theory that 'Aryans were not native Indians.' And as for Pakistan, it is just 75 years old. Their only relation to Indus people, is that their blood is Indian. This false theory of Aryan invasion and migration by britishers makes COLONIAL BRITISHERS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HOLOCAUST OF JEWS. Peace.

[@gideonram4607]

Mesopotamia was the cradle of white peoples origin and civilization that’s the difference. Harappa was associated with black peoples culture and represents the ending of a long history of being civilized already.

[@anbalagapandians1200]

Super News