Part II - Oxidative Phosphorylation, Electron Transport Chain

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[@JaguarBrakeNerd]

Dude, I have to say, all these videos, combined with your amazing drawing skills and attention to detail has helped me to understand each process much better than any book or teacher ever could. Thank you very very much sir (applaud)

[@scrivnerrob]

Hey man, this two part series is stellar. Thank you for the effort you put into this. It makes a tremendous difference for a lot of people.

[@aabhaam25]

Thanks a lot! I almost cried after reading this chapter from Lehninger! Your video helped a lot.

[@EruConsLtd]

thanks for the explicit elucidation

[@ummewaseem5983]

Wow I'm speechless at the quality of your drawings, explanations, careful planning, attention to detail and just EVERYTHING. Thank you thank you thank you thank you! Wish you every happiness in the world :)

[@pannuaman]

This is unreal!! Wouldnt have understood any of this nonsense going on in the ETC without your videos!!!! THanks

[@Marobobb]

I swear the minute i see an Armando video, I know I've got the topic on lock. I can never thank you enough for practically saving my sanity (and grades) countless times. This kind of content is truly priceless and immaculate. Please keep doing what you do, and keep being as genuinely humanitarian and empathetic as you are to put it out there for anyone at any time to benefit and learn.

[@anaxocgrahm]

thank you so much! YOU HAVE NO CLUE how lost I was, this literally helped so much! Im now ready for this BIO test!!

[@lesliehernandez1222]

Honestly, your videos were god sent. I cannot believe you explained this with such clarity. My biochem professor has literally taken the course of three classes to teach us what you did simply and beautifully in less time. You're amazing. Thank you so very much!

[@simpl6775]

The oxidative phosphorylation(electron transport chain) series helped a lot thank you :)

[@tiagomaldonadosantos]

The preparatory step is in the end of glycolysis. You have the formation of Pyruvate, from Phosphoenolpyruvate. This pyruvate will be used to form Acetyl-CoA that will go to the Krebs cycle (CAC). In this reaction (Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA), you will produce one NADH + H+. Seen that by each glycolysis you produce 2 pyruvates (due to the fact that each glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate will continue the process. Fructose-1,6-Biphosphate former Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate. The G-3-P will continue until PEP gives pyruvate. The DHA will give another G-3-P, that will give another pyruvate in the end. This is why you get 2 NADH + H+ in the preparatory step! Hope it helped guys!

[@krnbah]

I really loved how you explain the glycerol-phosphate at the end. It gave me a clear understanding. Thanks

[@victor3431]

thanks for your explanation. Every time i don't understand something about physiologic, i study your clips and it makes sense. Keep on going! Very helpful!

[@asifpipita20]

this and the first part, brilliant video, explains everything perfectly, ive read the books but it really did help, amimations were nice and just overall really well done!

[@bethcoull3814]

thank you so much!! i now have a chance of passing my exam.. you're the best. nice drawings too.

[@nityamurthy48]

Been memorizing that there's a net yield of "36-38" ATP for years without ever understanding why. Thank you SO MUCH :)

[@pointeprincess302]

You are awesome. Thank you. Sincerely, Your friendly neighborhood biochemistry student.

[@twinkletoes24101]

Thank you so much for this dude! You literally cleared up a concept that's been giving me nightmares in 2018! And your video was posted in 2013! You're awesome!

[@omerrl1]

Important- Cytochrom C does not carry two electrons! it can carry only one electron-and therefore has to do the tryp to Complex 4 twice- that was a Question on our test, just last week. Other Than that I love your videos!

[@zzoorroo]

Thank you very much for making studying so much more enjoyable and clear!!!

[@declanmccallum]

I think you, sir, will be the reason I succeed in my medicine career, hahaha!

[@noonebutk]

That was epic. Thanks man. I have hell amount of appreciation for you.

[@심효진-v8x]

hi! im a korean colleage student! this is the most hardest part i study right now, and couldn't understand caus' professors dosent explain in one picture but you did it!! thank u for your great explanation!

[@captfalconXX]

Thank you very much. After watching your tutorial video, now I can see the whole picture and be able to put all the jigsaw pieces together to solve the ETC puzzle.

[@D1llsta]

Better at explaining it than my old teacher! cheers!

[@SandipSinhaKolkata34]

Nice presentation with great clarity, you have negotiated the complexity gradient quite well. Thanks

[@simransodhi9869]

You should be awarded for the way of your teaching.....👌seriously amazing

[@tanyeesuen701]

Omg thank you so so so so so much for this clearly explanation. I finally understand why Nadh produce 2.5 atp and fadh2 produce 1.5 atp ! Thanks alot !

[@ramsha213]

hw cn u make such good videosssssssss!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! i m a fan of ur work... i hv studied thru ur videos whole of my graduation. Thnxxxxxxxxxxx! :D

[@zainabalradi2306]

thank you Armando I can't thank you enough I finally understand everything. if I pass my exam on Monday I would dedicate my success to you

[@suvdmunkhuu5674]

great Video. it helped so much. i read the books so many times and didnt understand it so structured, but after your Video it makes one part. thank you so much

[@chautellehaberman2835]

Thanks for these, they're all extremely useful! You're much better than my prof and my textbook… put together!

[@Thought2less]

I like your videos! I think they will really help me in my exam next week. Sometimes I wish you would speak more slowly, because english isn't my mother tongue. I'm german. But, very well done!

[@Magic_Slate]

You always there for me' without ur knowledge bruh! Thank you Mr. backup

[@KholoudAAA]

Much appreciate the good and perfect work

[@rawadnicola]

Brilliant, Just brilliant both parts for Oxid phosp. and Electron Transport chain

[@devidrsr]

till my exam ends u r my real god :-D u rock sir

[@sounoosingh]

Amazing video....most beautifully explained.... and drawing were so clear! great job!! thanks!!!

[@TheMustafa511]

1:54 "Because 20 divided by 4 is 5" I like his humor

[@shanikomo]

THANK YOU! finally I understand the ATP's calculation :)

[@m.haruniqbalqurashi267]

much appreciated... great effort.. you are the saviour of students.. ☺

[@sarahaldee6440]

I think I'm done studying now. Thank you SO much, you have no idea how lost I was.

[@drvishalsreenivasan3870]

you are awesome Armando Hasudungan

[@jhanratty1]

ATPs missing in the totalling: - net 2 ATPs from glycolysis(directly) - 2 GTPs in Kreb's cycle (succinyl-coA->succinate) now add 4 ATPs to the 28; 32 ATPs! :)

[@Leo-hc3yy]

This made lot easier for me to understand thank you

[@rozanf191]

U r just AMAZING at teaching

[@luannguyen2504]

NADH can produce 2.5 ATP as he mentioned in the video. However, many of the textbooks just round that number up to 3. Thats where the number 34 ATP from electron transport chain come from, which adds up with 4 ATP from glycolysis and preparatory step to make 38 ATP.

[@Jeterify]

This was really helpful, thank you very much! Also, love the accent :P

[@MIROSJDVHGF]

seriously thank you so much!!!! now everything is waayyyyy clearer

[@MayaHasan555]

I have watched and so amazing, thank you to make me more understand about it.. I'll be waitting for the other videos

[@crystalbutterfl]

Nice explanation... My textbook says each ATP generated takes 3.33 protons. (Tho it also says the true value may vary.). Which then shifts the value of NADH to 2.5 ATP and FADH2 to 1.5 ATP... No doubt you are aware of this... But viewers may not be...yet. However your explanation and presentation is awesome. Thank you for posting.

[@raquelbautista8165]

Awesome! Ridicuosly helpful for my biology exam. Thank you so much

[@JhonAndersonHerreraZavala]

Wuau, you are amazing, I understood all. Saludos de Perú :D GRACIAS

[@blakeroche7383]

Seriously great summary videos - thanks a lot.

[@dr.karishmasalana5096]

sir, could u please give us the final image as a downloadable image in the description box or anywhere else.. because it would help us a lot! because u do it so well.. not able to replicate that beautifully... really lovable images.. or probably u aren't sharing it because of copyright issues??

[@oliviasolkah5164]

WOW! You're pretty good my man!

[@pricilliacaldwell525]

I LOVE YOU. YOU ARE AN AMAZING TEACHER!!

[@ClaraL27]

So so helpful and clear, thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@doctorres112]

Great video, biochem test on friday and this is a section on the test.

[@carlottabrusis9274]

loving the avicii in the background!!

[@aundreaq7267]

wow, this cleared things up ALOT. THANKS!!

[@miguelaretxa]

Nice video! Really good explanation!

[@damodaranvanisri]

Thanks Again Armando!

[@Husam311]

You're a lifesaver!

[@MrBoomser]

Both parts were a great help, thanks!!! Was just wondering why you drew the reduction of DAP to Glycerol-3-phosphate in the inter membrane space, although the (first) Glycerol-3-phosphate-DH supposed to be active in the cytosol !?

[@dogsplicer]

you, my sir, are my new idol!

[@bununu6380]

You're saving my life ^_^ now I get it. Thank you very much

[@zakeerashaik77]

u r awesome yaarrr... helping a lot

[@ffmbtj2026]

Thank you☺️شكرا جزيلا

[@richmondarzola4961]

Duuudeee thaaankyouu soo muccch

[@angel1ami]

Hey, I just want to let you know, the current conversion rate from H+ -> ATP is 3.3 H+ to one ATP. At least this is what I was taught this summer at UMBC. This may answer some peoples questions on

[@carriehggns]

Excellent explanation of cofactor:ATP. Thank you :-)

[@alsh123am3]

Such a talent!!!! Thank you so much!

[@rajiv89hyd]

Insanely helpful!

[@Skipperj]

Very good! I bought some Ubiquinol supplement,but after watching this I don't see it making it's way to the matrix and to have enough to do any good.

[@siyabongapatrick2257]

Thank you very much, you've just made this topic interesting to me now.......I though it was very difficult to understand

[@dannieboy824]

Great vid - very informative

[@osyrichardson5465]

this really helped. thanks alot

[@suada96]

Thank you so much! You are so helpful xo

[@TheMooseFromTheRoom]

where do you see that? You get 10 NADH, 2 FADH2 and 4 ATPs from the glycolysis, CAC/Krebs and preparations state.. 10 NADH is 30 ATP, 2 FADH2 is 4 ATPs and with the 4 extra you get the maximum ATP efficiency from the cell, and this number will rarely go this high, but in theory we are working in ideal conditions in an ideal world and that gives us 38 ATPs. When in real life its a bit lower, since maybe some of the electrons are lost or they skip a step in the electron transport chain.

[@SlimShady2525]

Do you teach at a university? Your explanations and understanding are alot better than my profs

[@enriqueortega1909]

Nice explanation. Btw I have Biochemistry exam about Krebs Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation.

[@mollybee91]

You have been so helpful!!! Seriously I wish you were teaching my class! You wouldn't happen to have any videos about photosynthesis/calvin cycle/pentose phosphate pathway would you?!! (High hopes hahaha)

[@andreascasablancas3574]

I would like to know about the other shuttle, how come the NADH coming from Glycolysis can go through complex I, I've heard something involving translocases in other videos and I would like to know if this apply for the NADH produced in cytosol. Also could you do a video explaining how some toxins inhibit a certain step in the oxidative phosphorylation, and another one explaining how the cell counteracts free radicals produced by the ubiquinone reduction/oxidation! I would really appreciate it and it could enhance your explanation! Magnificent video btw

[@mygoldentruth]

Look for Malate-Aspartate shuttle. NADH reduces oxaloacetate to malate which is able to pass through the internal membrane by an specific transporter, then inside the mitochondrial matrix the malate is oxidized back to oxaloacetate and NADH is generated inside the mitochondria. The actual NADH doesn't go from the cytosol to the mitochondria because, as other charged/phosphate molecules, NADH doesn't have a transporter to maintain its compartmentalization.

[@atanujana4486]

it really help me to know what nonsence is going with ETC

[@ReginaldoFerreira_ProfDr]

Amazing! Congratulations!

[@Zalkenn]

Thank you so much. This was amazing!

[@Just-thy-way]

Great Explanation,Amazing video. Thank You . :)

[@icedespresso]

Thanks a ton! I like your explanations (and your accent, haha)

[@DeadshotX1]

Wudve rathered you put the part abt the succinate in Part 1 lol. Now my steps skip! I kid, great job

[@amaliapriovolou5160]

You're my heroooo :)

[@jacquelinelabovitz4613]

YOU ARE AWESOME! THANK YOU!

[@Roh0io]

Hey had a question! our book says one NADH2 molecule contributes 3 ATP molecules and one FADH2 molecule contributes 2 of them. So according to modern theory should we discard it? Also it says at the end of oxidative phosphorylation we get about 36 ATP(in eukaryotes) and 38 ATP(in prokaryotes due to absence of shuttles), unlike the calculation mentioned here, where ATP counts up to 26-28. I'm really confused so as to what to follow. FYI, the book i use is an old one

[@AmitKumar-ee4sc]

Bravo dude

[@saurabhjoshi7477]

Nicely explained !! :) Thanks !! :)

[@kainatsoomro2111]

thanks sir.. i liked ur vedio. thanks alot.👍👍

[@echkoholman9932]

This helped soo much, thank you!

[@eisenj21188]

studying for the GRE in order to get accepted to medicine! thanks a lot!!!

[@eisenj21188]

not in israel

[@eisenj21188]

ain't easy my man, ain't easy... I'll get there!

[@DMomsFan1]

+josh eisenberg is it the same difficulty as the mcat?? good luck!!

[@eisenj21188]

for the sake of those who apply to the mcat- I hope not!

[@daniellekernan2052]

+gymnastdancerstuff The GRE is much easier than the MCAT.

[@doctorres112]

Right, but he said 26-28 from oxidative phosphorilation right, and that's just the ETC I believe. Substrate phos. would include Gly and TCA.

[@robert3330]

I have a question with regards to the NADH that comes from glycolysis; you discuss how the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle results in less ATP by avoiding complex 1. What is the other way the NADH from glycolysis enters but does not result in loss of ATP.

[@imranvaliallah2713]

Awesome Videos!