Armies and Tactics: Ancient Greek Siege Warfare

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We are continuing our series on the Ancient Greek Warfare with a video on the siege technologies of the Greeks prior to the reforms of Philip of Macedon and Alexander the Great. This video covers the siege engines used during the sieges and the defenses employed.
Support us on Patreon: / kingsandgenerals or Paypal: paypal.me/kingsandgenerals
We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1h...
The video was made by our friend Cogito, a very talented animator/illustrator Benjin Pratt created some of the assets used in this video, while the research was done by an aspiring historian Andreas Kokkinoftas.
This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
Machinimas for the video made on the Total War: Rome 2 Engine by Malay Archer ( / mathemedicupdates )
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Inspired by: BazBattles, Invicta (THFE), Epic History TV, Historia Civilis and Time Commanders
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
Songs used:

[@KingsandGenerals]

It is my birthday. :-) So... consider sharing any of our videos with your friends. :-)

[@andreaskokkinoftas3770]

Kings and Generals Happy birthday! Its been excellent working with you so far :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much, my friend! :-)

[@VladTevez]

Many happy returns!!!

[@gianlucaborg195]

Happy Birthday!

[@govindmenon2196]

Bro happy birthday and thank you so much for making these awesome videos.

[@TyrannosaurusRex5027]

1. Get an army 2. Surround the city 3. Make seige engines 4. For more information consult kings and generals and not some pleb like me on the internet.

[@baabaaer]

Instructions unclear, envoy sent didn't die.

[@overlordgaming752]

Instructions unclear, Roman Empire restored

[@destubae3271]

I don't understand, did you want me to build a wall around the army?

[@lefterislarios911]

I am Greek and I didn't know how that technology worked thank you for enlightening us and learning us stuff our school books don't mention!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Glad you enjoyed it! :-)

[@CogitoEdu]

Who would win? Some of the most sophisticated fortifications built by Greece's finest minds. Or a bunch of lithobois.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Not gonna lie, expected better from you. :-)

[@CogitoEdu]

Your first mistake was expecting something good from me.

[@NobleKorhedron]

@@CogitoEdu I think you mean lithobolos...?

[@hannibalburgers477]

​@@NobleKorhedron boi u succ

[@NobleKorhedron]

I don't have time to bother with trolls, @@hannibalburgers477; consider yourself blocked.

[@ssa3101]

The flamethrower looks sick

[@davidquezada50]

Gimme a Break it's also cut content in Rome 2 total war

[@FlashPointHx]

I did an episode on one of the most impressive mathematician / engineer / mad scientist of the ancient world - Archimedes. His defense of Syracuse during the second Punic War was legendary! Catapults / rolling boulders - his famous claw to capsize ships and even his fabled ‘death ray’ - he made Syracuse not just a fortress - but a fully operational battle station!

[@Intranetusa]

The death ray is an impractical myth.

[@SamuelHallEngland]

It seems like Dionysius I did his fair share of siege inventing too. Syracuse what an interesting place!

[@sdts8847]

During the siege, the death of Archimedes was also much legendary(if you know what I mean).

[@mtayseer82]

which episode?

[@FlashPointHx]

Episode VII

[@Synystr7]

Ah yes. Ancient Greece. The original border gore.

[@ostracized666ther2]

Still is man haha

[@Hamza-tq7dh]

i have a siege to do tomorrow . this video helped a lot may mars protect us.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Go get them!

[@umaransari9765]

eKo HaMZa dont kill their emmisaries

[@cerealkiller7143]

Umar Ansari Somebody should have told this to the Tyrians. You do not mess up with 35.000 Greeks.

[@umaransari9765]

CEREAL KILLER you talking about 332 BC Yes Alexander massacred around 8000 civilians of city after he captured it and enslaved 30000 more

[@sean668]

Alright I have a serious question. It’s actually been bugging me for a while. How would the engineers know how tall to make the siege towers? Did they just look at the walls and guess? I’d imagine it would be kind of shit if they made them too tall or too short, and the army couldn’t get into the city.

[@KingsandGenerals]

That is a good question, actually. Never thought about that, will need to think/research. :-) Let me favorite this comment, maybe someone already knows the answer - yes, I am lazy. :-)

[@Archenhaust]

Kings and Generals Going out on a limb here, but if you know bowshot range distance and the angle of elevation, could you then arrive at the height? www.calctool.org/CALC/math/trigonometry/height Or maybe you use shadows? mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/55316.html

[@SamuelHallEngland]

I imagine that intelligent inventors and philosophers such as Archimedes and Pythagoras could calculate such dimensions with ease.

[@username7735]

Yea Pythagoras probably had a theorem or two handy at all times.

[@rat488]

If I am not mistaken the Ancient Greeks were pretty aware of Trig so by measuring the shadow cast by the wall over the time of day you could feasably calculate the size of the opponents walls.

[@jesperstrombald3490]

Ah i saw Greek siege warfare and was expecting to see the fabled siege battle in Tyre by Alexander the Great. Nevertheless your channel is my favorite. Excellent work!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! Alexander will be covered in future. For now, we ended the series on the Greek Warfare prior to Philip's reforms.

[@jesperstrombald3490]

spread the love brothher

[@alexandros735]

Wow I knew we created the first napalm but I didn’t know we had the first flame thrower!!! I love your series man! And happy birthday!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@Fman0909]

Happy birthday :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! :-)

[@umaransari9765]

Fahad Al Mandil i have seen you as Patreon on my favourites of History channel Huge respect for you

[@lukezuzga6460]

Amazing work as always! Never boring and the visual work is top notch. Devin can read the obituaries and Id listen but you gents brought this part of History back to life at least one more time!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, good sir! :-)

[@SamuelHallEngland]

Interesting how the inhabitants of Syracuse have a real knack for inventing both offensive and defensive siege equipment. With both Archimedes and Dionysius being native inhabitants of the city.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Well, think about it as a Greek stronghold always surrounded by the enemies. They needed that.

[@satrio303]

Damn, these greek engineer is awesome. I hope you cover roman engineering too

[@KingsandGenerals]

Planning to!

[@salgarcia8021]

The new intro reminds me of games in the early 2000s. Nostalgia's addicting.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yep, I guess, we grew up playing the same games. :-)

[@bmr2104]

Happy Birthday! I have a lot of respect for you, because you cover history with so much detail and most importantly, you are "unbiased". Thank you!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much, appreciate it! :-)

[@jamesmichael5]

I seriously love waking up to these videos...all so well made and always makes my day a little brighter

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@duke9534]

Can you do an episode of Spartan King Brasidas and all of his adventures through Thrace to the battle of Amphipolis? It would be very interesting, thanks

[@MrAcrobot]

Shaun McDonald Brasidas was only an officer

[@angelicovasquez2081]

When you guys posts new videos, it always makes me happy :D

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@chummychum706]

I swear, you guys just improve with every video. Definitely surpassed what I first expected.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Glad to hear that! :-)

[@Chris689200]

Had no time recently to watch your videos, but this is great. You guys are doing an amazing job, i hope you'll keep on going like this. Thank you!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, we certainly will. :-)

[@thebestofhockey8684]

This is one of my favourite series on this channel!!! Great work as always and happy birthday!!!!!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! Good luck with your channel, we need more hockey stuff on youtube. :-)

[@thebestofhockey8684]

Thanks for the support man!! Would you be interested in watching one or two videos? (not obligated of course)

[@KingsandGenerals]

I am currently watching the latest. :-)

[@thebestofhockey8684]

Thanks so much!!! Really appreciate it. By the way, I have a friend named Micahistory who really loves your channel too and has been trying to get you to respond to him but you don't see his comments. Could you please check his channel out too?? kzbin.info/door/W5qXP-71qDZxLY4984X1Bg

[@matthewkuchinski1769]

Another great job. I think it is very interesting how siege warfare was not a choice, but rather a necessity, as it has been the case for guerrilla armies. The creation of strong walls to protect cities pushed invaders to seek new innovations in technology and tactics, causing them to be more adept in this form of warfare. Yet, the defender also grew more skilled if they could obtain multiple victories against enemy nations, as was the case for most of Tyre's situation prior to Alexander the Great's conquest.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Indeed, there was a matter of escalation. It seems that prior to the addition of the walls, the Greeks rarely if ever sacked the other Greek cities. Siege warfare is probably one of the most violent types of war, there is always hunger, diseases and the eventual sacking.

[@motorola1543]

Awesome video! Happy Birthday! To the consistent uploads 🥂

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, my friend! :-)

[@umaransari9765]

Agree

[@KHK001]

Great video and Happy birthday!!! General

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you :)

[@etienneboussange4357]

If you want to learn a lot about the Greek philosophy of war, you should read "Western way of war" from Victor David Hanson. This book will teach you so many things ! :D

[@ThersitestheHistorian]

VDH is no longer as well-regarded as a Greek military historian as he used to be. His understanding of how a hoplite battle would work is pretty far off the mark, since the first two ranks were not "wiped out".

[@umerawan2834]

Happy Birthday and congrats on being one of the fastest rising channels !

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@MRHarshajeet]

Happy birthday General...this is awesome!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you and thank you! :-)

[@guymontag162]

Beautiful and informative video. Thank you as always!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@antonispoli]

Happy Birthday man! Love your videos, keep it up!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@aguatinmorales3582]

Awesome vid bro and happy birthday.

[@milesl6070]

Great job!! Also happy birthday ! Mine is in two days! I love these videos!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you and happy birthday!

[@greywolf7206]

Happy bday man! Also, great video =)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@jasondoe2596]

Excellent video, I'm glad it popped up in my KZbin recommendations.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Consider subscribing, we have new videos every Sunday and Thursday. :-)

[@jasondoe2596]

Kings and Generals, done, and Happy Birthday :D

[@rubenkerobyan6891]

Great, loved it

[@KingsandGenerals]

Appreciate it!

[@arcgamer295]

Χρόνια πολλά Kings and Generals!!! Happy birthday Kings and Generals!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@rollolodbrok9582]

Very good and useful, especially for historians.Well done man

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, more on the way!

[@angela_merkeI]

It would have been easier if the greeks would have been using magic torches to burn down enemy gates...

[@KingsandGenerals]

No one told them. :-)

[@umaransari9765]

Kings and Generals i wounder what would happen is you would be alive at that time

[@juliusgreen9179]

Umar Ansari Dying from disease probably

[@umaransari9765]

Julius Green immune to diesease

[@davidquezada50]

Julius Green they would've not gotten diseases if they built a fountain!

[@christermi]

Happy birthday K&G :-) Approaching 250k subs ;-)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! :-)

[@arilagi]

i kind like it how he tell story with the great game, love this vid and all his video

[@valorwarrior7628]

Least we should also not forget that the most advanced torsion techniques were from the Chinese and the Greeks for inventing the Semi-Auto Crossbows called the Chu Ko Nu and the Giant Ballista, without these inventions we cannot conceptualize the arts of sieges, bombardments, and defenses. It would also be much more interesting if you also covered the Chinese Siege warfare during the Warring States period.

[@treestone95]

This intro is the realest man

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@Killjoy97_]

Demetrius the Besieger would like this one.

[@KingsandGenerals]

He surely would. :-)

[@briangeeslin5938]

The Great Courses are for the most part excellent with a few limited exceptions. The series on the CRUSADES, on the Byzantine Empire, for example, are amazing in the erudition of the professor from the University of Louisiana, his name escapes me; however, the ones on Western Civilization have quite a few blatant errors such as Philip II destroying Thebes when we all know it was Alexander III. Moreover, his treatment of the Punic wars are reduced to a few ambiguous statements.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yeah, they have some really nice courses.

[@gianlucaborg195]

This was a very well made documentary! I myself thought that the earliest piece of siege artillery was a version of the catapult and/or the ballista. I also never knew that the Greeks suffered so much in sieges at this time. I wonder how the crossbow was not rendered portable and how it failed to replace the bow.... probably I might venture, it was due to the complexity and or fragility, in comparison to the bow which was more practical and cheap. Very interesting! Keep it up!

[@duke9534]

Simple google search: The earliest crossbow-like weapons in Europe probably emerged around the late 5th century BC when the gastraphetes, an ancient Greek crossbow, appeared. It only became a staple weapon replacing the crossbow in many areas by like 800 AD, but I'm probably wrong on that.

[@gianlucaborg195]

Alas, that still doesn't tell anyone (in fact, it is not really known) as to why such a weapon took circa 1400 years to come into common use!

[@gianlucaborg195]

Also, the "Greek crossbow" to call it that, was more like an arbalest

[@Synystr7]

Is this where all that dank youtube and patreon money is going? A sky-lit, stone circular library with thousands of ancient old tomes and mahogany bookshelves? Badass my good man.

[@genericfakename8197]

Food

[@Synystr7]

Yea I know. Twas a joke.

[@fuzzydunlop7928]

*RICH MAHOGANY*

[@amaansaiyed1169]

Happy birthday Kings and genrals

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you

[@UpcycleElectronics]

I think we need a "Fire Arrows (response to Lindy Beige)" video ...I think we've all seen that one, or should have :) -Jake

[@KingsandGenerals]

I think, eventually I will make a video full of my own grievances. :-) Constant "fire arrow? Idiot!" is annoying. :-)

[@UpcycleElectronics]

Kings and Generals It's okays. I like your uploads just the way they are. I can't do anything like what your able to pull off in these videos so who am I to judge? ...but I do think of lindy beige every time I see a fire arrow. It's more of a tip of the hat to him than anything else. In video game type graphics a small black stripe of an arrow moving in real time would probably look more like a graphical error than a physical object. The graphics are just here to support the interesting insights and info ;)

[@KingsandGenerals]

:-)

[@UpcycleElectronics]

Happy late BD... just saw that sry ;)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! :-)

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

Happy birthday K&G! So, is there any part of Greek warfare you didn't cover yet?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! We will cover Macedon, Diadochi, Epirus, Byzantium, so, in a way, we haven't even covered 20% of it.

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

Ah, I didn't think about that :D There is still a lot to cover

[@zhshsG7]

Can't wait for Byzantium, rarely ever does anyone cover that and it's the longest and probably most interesting period of this area, at least in military terms.

[@umaransari9765]

Most excited about Byzantine

[@nomooon]

I don't think the Peloponnese war was covered? And rise of Thebes was not covered.

[@nothingtoospiffy7913]

Wow love the intro

[@catjudo1]

I don't care what the plebs say, learning about the ancient world and all the stuff they did never gets old!

[@skoockum]

Love the Riven vibe of your intro

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! :-)

[@TheCsel]

I am skeptical on the effect that macedonian torsion catapult have on walls. More likely they were used as covering fire against defenders on the walls while others assaulted the walls with rams or towers.

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will discuss it more in our upcoming series on the Macedonian warfare. :-)

[@tr1stan007]

You are right. It was only under Alexander and the developments to the torsion catapult by Diades that made them powerful enough to bring down walls. Philip's torsion catapults still predominantly fired arrows and were used anti-personnel. We'll cover this :)

[@adrianbrunner8]

Everything good to your Birthday and really good video ;-)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, my friend!

[@adrianbrunner8]

Kings and Generals no problem Friend ^^

[@Sendo664]

Firstly, Happy Birthday K&G! Secondly, will there be a huge Series about the Byzantine Empire were you cover the Events before and after the 4th Crusade?

[@64standardtrickyness]

typically at this time, how much of a countries economy was urban and how much grain was typically stored? It amazes me that Athens could neglect it's countryside for so long and later Rome could neglect it's countryside during the 2nd punic war

[@athanasiosbairlis5563]

Best K & G. As scholar and tour-guide in Greece, ( tourtripgreece. gr )specialized in ancient warfare & battlefields , I enjoy your videos, excellent work ! I would love to see more about the siege of Plataia (429 BC of the Spartans-Thevans) and the spectacular escape of the 220 defenders. The consctruction of the doube siege wall and the defensive city-wall, was just amazing (still remains visable)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Hope you can show us all these when we visit Greece next year. :)

[@athanasiosbairlis5563]

I would love to show you on the venue, in detail..."REAL' wars...strategies...warfare...battles that smell the soil ! Marathon (490 BC), Thermopylae (480 BC) , Plataea (479 BC) , Mantineia (418 & 362 BC), Lefctra (372 BC), Delion 424 BC), Pylos-Sfacteria 425 BC...etc (www.tourtripgreece.gr)

[@VladTevez]

First like, then watch

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks :-)

[@REVENANT-77]

Happy birthday Man

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@hassantahir209]

Another great video. Could you please do a video on the British conquest of India

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, will consider!

[@ScipionLaurentiend]

quite interesting....also the fact that engineering feats of the antiquity such as the siege or Tyre by Alexander far surpass what the European of the medieval period could achieve...mostly it would seems trough sheers man power

[@alighahremani3656]

wow.nice one! tnx I'm really excited to watch your series on persian empire. you working on it right?! :))

[@KingsandGenerals]

For now it is planned. :-)

[@alighahremani3656]

Kings and Generals thank you. by the way happy birthday mate! I want you to know I introduced your work to all my friends and they liked it too. stay strong and don't forget the persians ;)))

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! :-)

[@WCSPriest]

During this time, were there any written records of the using the lithobolois to launch heated stones in hopes of setting fires? Thank you.

[@lonestarwolfentertainment7184]

I don’t know why but I’m obsessed with Siege Warfare specifically the actual Siege Machines.

[@johntatva713]

How about Miletius (Ionian Greek) cooperation with Persia during the short siege of Naxos in 499 BC? What kind of equipments did they use? Couldn't find info in the internet.

[@carlobasile1025]

Happy Birthday! Can you guys do Ancient Italy?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! Planning to!

[@brokenbridge6316]

What an informative video. I had no idea that siege warfare had been used by Athens n Sparta during their famous conflict. I thought Philip II had introduced it into the Greek World. Oh well consider me corrected. My compliments to those who made this video a reality.

[@heavenwatcher100]

Good job and have a nice birthday party!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@FilthYodouR]

I love your videos! Keep it up! I wanted to add a little something. Knowing that you aim on authenticity in your videos, some pronunciations of Greek words sound wrong. The most common mistake is the pronunciation of (-oi), examples: "Perioik-oi", "Lithovol-oi". The right way to say it must sound like (e) and not -Oi (O and E). Those words should sound like "Perioiki" and "Lithovoli". Oi (Οι in Greek) sounds exactly like the english E but indicates plural form. For instance, Lithovolos (λιθο-βολος=stone-thrower) and Lithovoloi (Λιθο-βολοι=stone-throwers).

[@benprior9251]

Can you do some videos on the great northern war or seven years war please

[@giannipinotto4193]

Happy Birthday !

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@yvanthedrakon]

The Delta on the Athenian flags and shields never cease to remind me of the Assassin's Creed emblem lol

[@govindmenon2196]

Please make videos about the wars fought be Shivaji and the marathas

[@fatimaalamour5256]

Can you do a video about the battle of gallipoli? It would be nice and cool video btw

[@KingsandGenerals]

It is on the list.

[@davewill4713]

I'd love to see a video on some of the battles of the Russo-Japanese war.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Noted, will consider.

[@fahyaz3643]

A video about Ottoman siege strategy would be nice.

[@mercom152]

Wich software do you use to create your videos? They are amazing

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! After Effects, mostly.

[@kartiksaraf4676]

Is there going to be an armies and tactics on non-greeks or romans. Many examples abound like mongols, indian elephants etc

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yes, it is planned.

[@jackson3777]

you should check out the new assassins creed! great portrayal of sparta and athens

[@KingsandGenerals]

I bought it. Have no time to play. :-(

[@filipjoldzic7368]

Can you please make a video about Alexios Komnenos and the Komnenian Restoration?

[@omkarunde2040]

Sir please can you make a video on The Battle of Red Cliffs.

[@KingsandGenerals]

It is on the list

[@jefferypanman9061]

Good video once again. One correction. It's pronounced Hop-Light or Hop-Lite not Hoplitay

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! There are multiple "schools" of pronunciation.

[@SamuelHallEngland]

I know it's almost too simple and obvious to mention in a video about siege warfare, but you could have mentioned the use of ladders too! I suppose the ladder could be an invention as old as the wheel.

[@KingsandGenerals]

That is a good point, indeed the ladders were used.

[@sergelengerelmaa2450]

Yaay! Interesting video! Maybe next time chinese siege engine?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! We have it on the list, but yet to start researching.

[@nikolatasev4948]

I'm a little disappointed you did not mention the Vallum. It is not nearly as well known as the rest of the siege engines, and probably more used. I only lerned of it from Lindybeige. Otherwise the entire video playlist was great!

[@MegaSchley]

Where do you get the video game animations from?

[@ioannisstavropoulos4319]

I am a simple man. I see notification of a new video from Kings and Generals, I watch and click like.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much for your trust in us! :-)

[@gorgon6680]

What programme for animation do you use (both for battled and the 3rd segments)

[@KingsandGenerals]

After effects

[@doodmann5898]

Do about the invasions of emperor Basil II it would be great!

[@KingsandGenerals]

On the list.

[@feelsgoodman9751]

Its been like 3 months since the last Ottoman, would be nice if u guys finished that one

[@Heavenshakerable]

What about the supposed siege of Troy? (Reference to the beginning of the video about absence of sieges till 490 BC)

[@andreaskokkinoftas3770]

The video says "no reliable evidence for sieges between 1100-490 BC"...

[@ab_khanayy]

Good video but I have a question,during the Peloponnesian wars did pillaging or massacring a city's inhabitants happen after the city was won by any one of the leagues?

[@andreaskokkinoftas3770]

Yes, in fact historians argue that the Peloponnesian Wars were seen similarly to how World War One would look like in the eyes of a European in 1914. Thucidides characterized it as "A war like no other". There were executions of captive soldiers, raids, pillaging and mutilations (for example Spartans used to cut off the thumbs of Athenian oarsmen so they would not be able to continue their practice).

[@ab_khanayy]

Thanks for the reply.

[@sdts8847]

How about doing a piece about the naval conquest of South Asia by Emperor Rajendra 1 of Chola Empire, it was the strongest navy of of it's time even better than the Byzantines and the Italian states.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Will consider!

[@sirlordhenrymortimer6620]

That's overstatement, byzentine had the Greek fire and cultivated the ancient Greek naval tradition. India never had any naval tradition

[@TrylogieHard]

Are you planning on doing a video on "the Battle of Vienna 1683"? or rather did you consider it as video idea?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yes, it is on the list.

[@hasimahmetabdulbakibugrauc6268]

Kings and Generals Pls don't do it. XD

[@bandit5272]

Step 1: Build a big horse. Step 2: Win.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Instructions unclear, ate the horse, didn't win.

[@vakhokuparadze1688]

I'm Georgian... you know what I'm going to ask ;) , so how's the research going? Happy birthday and Great video as always

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! You know how the sources are convoluted on this topic.

[@vakhokuparadze1688]

Thank you for your reply, I heard you were having trouble finding non-christian sources, There are plenty of them: Didgori battle is in Ali ibn al-Athir's book "The Complete History" and there are some Ibn Al-Azraq al-Fariqi notes about the battle P.S please don't use Russian sources if possible

[@KingsandGenerals]

Noted, thanks.

[@crmesson22k]

What type of siege weapons do you think were used during the Trojan war?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Ladders? Some early type of the rams?

[@JonatasMonte]

Not surprised siege wasn't common. Have you ever placed spears on walls? They might have figured that one out after the walls were built or maybe they were so they could phalanx the streets in time...