Bronze Age Chariot Warriors: The Sintashta Culture

[@DanDavisHistory]

If you enjoy this video please hit "like" and subscribe for more videos like this one. Check out the playlists too. And if you enjoy what I do here and would like early access to advert-free new videos then please become a Channel Member: kzbin.info/door/UVwT8zcS5Z_rYXnpomlbfgjoin or Patreon supporter: www.patreon.com/dandavisauthor As I am a one-man team, your support will make a huge difference to the quality and quantity of work I can produce for this channel. Thank you for watching.

[@samuelbutler3215]

Will there be a God of bronze book 3 also could you do bronze age cultures in Southeast Asia

[@robertcrusader5019]

Dan, i would love to see one on the Maritime Archaic culture along the northeast American coast and possible connections to the maritime cultures of the Mediterranean, and western Europe. Also, have you considered the work of Robert Sepher?

[@ahmedzakikhan7639]

This would be a very political and controversial subject in the Indian subcontinent. Do we have more material on the migration to South-East ? In the sub-continent, the nationalists prefer to say that migration happened from India, not to India. They have a point. Where can we trace evidence of actual migration happening ? How much could a small group of people in Steppes contribute to 1.5 billion population two thousand years later ? Maybe 5% , or 30% of the population ? What is it. Why is it that Iran only has a fraction of India's population today ? Did most of them prefer to migrate east to India-Pakistan region over Iran, I mean look at the population difference, or did Alexander took away most of Iran's population potential ? I wish I had the answer. But then again, who would not want to settle in India because it had and still has one of the most fertile lands. And the links are obvious - the Sanskrit language has roots to the regions you showed. Its a mystery.

[@antoniomingardo8585]

Grazie 👍😁

[@juanlans272]

Hey Dan, I dont know if there is info about it but the Minoan civilization is really intresting to me, maybe because of how mysterious their history is. I do believe there has been some progres made deciphering their language and writing so maybe there is new info about them now. Anyways, thats what Id love to see next. Awsome video by the way, thanks.

[@МаксимРочев-щ7д]

By the way, just recently a reconstrution of Sintashta chariot was made by a team of researchers from Russia. Also, a couple years ago another team from Greece reconstructed a Sintashta bow. Both are quite complex. Especially interesting that Sintashta chariots are mostly wooden, and wood is a scarce resource in steppe. Also for some elements they used moose antlers - also not the most typical resource in steppe.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you yes I read these papers and made contact with a great researcher named Ivan Semyan. He offered to answer my questions and talk about his work which includes not only chariot reconstruction but also a Sintashta bow reconstruction. There is some evidence to suggest - and we may well find more evidence in future - that the swift two wheeled chariot developed in the Abashevo culture of the forest-steppe zone. Perhaps in conjunction with the Poltavka culture.

[@МаксимРочев-щ7д]

​@@DanDavisHistory well, Sintashta people probably came to southern Ural with some sort of a chariot, since in their new lands they, as you said in the video, were in a state of constant warfare. But the fact that they still used expensive materials for chariots for at least a century truly amazes me. Maybe it can even be interpreted as a presence of stable economic relationships with other regions and cultures.

[@gulnaragalyautdinova3635]

Wood is not scarce resource in the Urals. You can come and see...

[@MeanBeanComedy]

Wait, American Moose or European Moose? 🤔

[@MeanBeanComedy]

@@DanDavisHistory Aren't some academics lovely? You can ask them anything, they'll chat for as long as you need, and they're more than happy to give you access to their paywalled research! Never been turned down yet! 😎👍🏻

[@bc7138]

Excellent video. The prehistoric steppe cultures have had an enormous impact on history, but they're only ever referenced briefly in most World History books.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you.

[@Tipi_Dan]

So soon... we forget.

[@tamasmarcuis4455]

Written references mostly come from the cultures that a group of steppe raiders attack in years when drought drives them off their land. Furious desperate people can only ever be seen as dirty barbarians.

[@slappy8941]

Because writers of history books only care about cities and empires.

[@manichaean1888]

Well, some settled civilizations, like BMAC or Helmend clearly had enormous impact on the world history. But we don't know anything about them at all.

[@trevorparlane]

That was a fascinating documentary. The fact that all modern horses are descended from the steppe warriors' horses was amazing

[@Raito-kun01]

​@robertolang9684 Lol

[@Raito-kun01]

​@robertolang9684 The word 'guru' means teacher. How could you except teachers to solve problems of a country which even the politicians aren't able to solve? 😂

[@matthewscott4629]

You realize a guy saying it on YT doesn't make it a fact, right?

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@matthewscott4629]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq the caste system has entered the chat

[@themesiasinrs]

Every time a Dan Davis video comes…cancel everything else and enjoy the 20-30 min of best quality content in KZbin

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you!

[@themesiasinrs]

@@DanDavisHistory you as well Dan! I love your content and hope you continue doing what your doing! Huge fan!

[@piotrmroczkowski2324]

I wholeheartedly agree.

[@demonyakku3710]

Same here

[@MrAwsomenoob]

Of all the historical youtubers very few talk about the bronze age and fewer still talk about anything outside of the ancient Mediterranean. Before I watched Dan davis I had no idea how diverse and fascinating the cultures of Northern Europe are.

[@yojoe5311]

You've filled in a gap of my mental map of prehistory. Thanks for posting this it must have taken a lot to make it.

[@Wakamolewonder]

Except the sintashta predate the corded ware culture so that part is wrong

[@thefisherking78]

This was really good! You have a unique skill at humanizing ancient life for us.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you Jeffrey

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@piotrmroczkowski2324]

The intro was amazing. So sad your books are not available in Poland. The video is great, as allways. Greetings and salutations.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much.

[@Boric78]

Yeah the intro - wow.

[@AJKecsk]

What happened to it? Seems that beautiful intro part has been removed.

[@zurgesmiecal]

@@AJKecsk ikr, glad it's still on odysee

[@sensibleperson8208]

As chariot warfare fan…this is such an interesting documentary. Amazing how much was going on outside of Summer, Akkad and Egypt.I would guess Hammurabi chariots to be like the reconstructed shown. Will watch again.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@Beyonder1987]

@@KManjunath-eg4gqwhen u look at Indians you would jnow they are not aryan. They don’t have the physiological and racial make up. There social norms are uncivilised even compared to 4000 years ago.

[@Just4BuyClick]

Aryan invasion or migration theory was proved by genetics test now... Aryan are outsiders and Dravidians are original Indians... These aryan destroyed Indus Valley Dravidian people and killed male and take ladies thus with maternal genetics test this theory was proved...

[@kauaiaguya]

What's with the K 1 , ​@@KManjunath-eg4gq

[@raddamusray1387]

Absolutely brilliant work. As an armchair historian, i love the journey into a previously unknown time and culture/s. Especially when they are revealed to be part of the foundation upon which so much was built. Outstanding.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@haileuropa3708]

​@@KManjunath-eg4gq you're unhinged

[@Scar-jg4bn]

I just ordered your three "Gods of Bronze" novels and can't wait to read them! Love your channel!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you, I hope you enjoy the stories.

[@RanvijayRana23]

@@DanDavisHistory sinthastha very juicy

[@heathercurry898]

Wow that Steppes area is utterly beautiful! With the mountains and the curving river.

[@PetroBeherha]

Hey Dan. As I watched the end of the video with the split between the Iranian and Vedic cultures from the Andronovo culture and it made me wonder about something I've thought about for a long while now. It's namely from their beliefs and how they seemed to be opposite of each other. The devas from the Hindu tradition were considered akin to angels, whereas in the Iranian tradition they were evil spirits and I suspect it's from there that we get the word "devil." Likewise, ashuras in Hindu mythology were considered a form of rage-filled demon while Ahura Mazda is the supreme benevolent deity in the Iranian Zoroastrian religion. My guess was that before the split the two cultures were unified, but by around 1600 BCE there was a "schism" that caused the two cultures to split and antagonize each other ever since. Can you make a video delving into this? I'd love to see your findings on this!

[@pripegalapobedonosni3324]

Xerxes ordered the destruction of shrines and banned worship of devas. So any schism happened prior to that. Also it looks like it was broader then just a vedic-avestan schism. So the schism either happened early and slow or spread like a wild steppe fire just prior to Xerxes. The nordic pantheon is named aesir, while the baltic/lithuanian use dievaite. Like in Perkun dievaite(their thunder god) or dievaite sventa(holy goddess). And as I understand both the baltic and germanic tribes are descendants of the corded ware. You could probably find even more examples among the Indo-Iranian/Indo-European. And in the end it could just be a cultural disagreement early on among IE about the glass is half empty/full 😂

[@Dahras1]

One alternative explanation is that the two categories of supernatural beings underwent a "holiness swap". It's not uncommon for a culture to essentially forget whether something exceedingly sacred or taboo is one or the other and consequently switch its association. For example, cows are initially seen as unclean and thus unusable for sacrifice, but over time their unsacrificeable status become an arbitrary rule. Then, when someone is trying to explain the rule, they reason that cows cannot be sacrificed because they are to precious and sacred to kill. I could imagine a similar thing happening in proto-iranian/sanskrit culture. Asuras are initially sacred to the point that they cannlt be talked about outside of the temole/sacrifices. Devas, on the other hand, are appeased with sacrifices. Eventually people reason that this is because Devas are good/normal gods and Asuras are evil. That could be a more organic process than a schism. Then again, the two theories can both be true too.

[@sulaimankhan3457]

No it was zorastrian effect. In proto indo iranic stage both devas and asuras were good being. Zorastrian does not goes against devas of veda but devas of proto iranian.

[@luckiestone5007]

@@pripegalapobedonosni3324 exactly bro once they all following vedic religion bt time by time things gona change

[@bendercito]

X2 😎👍

[@TheLacedaemonian300]

Dan, I just want to thank you for your very enlightening and educational videos. You have opened up an area of history that I previously thought was of little importance in the Steppe region, but I have now come to realize just how enormous an impact these waves of destructive creation have had on the world.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@jmp9035]

​@@KManjunath-eg4gqdoesn't matter how many times you reply on various comments its not going to make your comment any more true. Get a grip. Some of you Indians have the same DNA as Europeans deal with it.

[@ghotonkaka]

You sir need to write a new series like Godborn. This is amazing stuff and there just isn’t enough fiction out there on Indo European origins. Yours really are the best fiction writing on PIE origins I’ve come across. About time you released a new one for fans like me!

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@yuliac3980]

This is the best channel about ancient history of humankind. It is fascinating to see how humans migrated in bronze age. Well done!

[@alienpov]

I like the chariot wheels at 2 :42, Aluminum forks and rubber tires were all the rage back then. LOL I do love the channel

[@KrisP408]

Actually the Indo-Iranians should be called the Arya, as Indic Arya, Avestan Airya and Old Persian Ariya are all cognates, so the endonym Arya can be reconstructed to proto-Indo-Iranian with confidence. Another interesting fact, is how it seems the ancestors of the Avestan Aryans and Indo Aryans came into conflict with each other probably over sectarian issues. The gods of the Indo-Aryans are called Deva, whereas the demons of the Avestan Aryans are called Daiva. Likewise, the god in Avestan is the Ahura, whereas the demons of the Indo-Aryans are called Asura (in Iranian the s changed to h, e.g. sindu/hindu). Indo-Aryans gods are also found in the Mitanni inscription in Syria.

[@lijosmiles]

I meet many Iranians in the streets of kuwait, exactly look like the Brahmin priests of South Indian/keralite temples.

[@ArghyadipGhosh]

I was just going to write this comment but you've already said it ❤

[@Kedar752]

Very well put

[@gunner9936]

These euros take our culture for their egos, stop caring what these egomanicas think

[@animedc69]

​@@lijosmilesnah they look nothing similar to each other Indian pandits are also black

[@brettbradshaw3297]

I am thrilled to have found your brilliant channel a few weeks ago. Your examination of history is fascinating. I have shared it with my son, and he is as impressed as I have been. Thank you for your hard work!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thanks very much Brett, I'm glad you found us. Cheers.

[@CyrusLi]

Long live Dan, it's the first time I have ever seen someone acknowledge this part of history. you really made my day.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@mog2182]

@@KManjunath-eg4gqThis is verifiably false, the only ones who deny it are indians with an identity crisis, but they can't disprove the Aryan invasion overwhelmingly vast evidence. You were given your culture by the Aryans. There are no more aryans in india.

[@user-k4d-e59mo28oc]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq So you're saying Sanatan/Hinduism is Voodoo BS . . . *Rig Veda 10.23.4* "With him too is this rain: Indra throws drops of moisture on his yellow beard" *Rig Veda 10.96.8* "At the swift draught, the Iron One with yellow beard and yellow hair" *Rig Veda 1.100.18* “Indra attacked the Dasyus and the Śimyus; won the land, sunlight, and water with his white-complexioned friends” *Rig Veda 1.103.3* “Armed with the thunderbolt, he has gone on destroying the cities of the Dasyus, and augment the strength and glory of the Ārya.” *Rig Veda 1.130.8* “Indra defends his Ārya worshiper. He consumes the malignant; he tore off the b_______ skin; and him who delights in cruelty.” *Rig Veda. 2.20.6* "Indra, the slayer of Vrittra, has scattered the Dasyu sprang from a b______ womb." *Rig Veda 2.20.7* “Indra, the slayer of Vṛtra, destroyer of cities, has scattered the b______-sprung servile.” *Rig Veda 3.34.9* "Indra gained possession of the Sun, Horses, Cow. He smote the Dasyus, and gave protection to the Aryan color." *Rig Veda 9.73.5* “They have roared in unison, burning up riteless men, Blowing away the b______ skin which Indra hates.”

[@stanlibuda96]

I've seen many professionelly made tv for a lot of money and by many people about these times your are focusing on and none came even close. Thanks, I really appreciate your work, always a highlight when a new one appears in my notifications

[@197mmCannon]

As an American it always blows me away when I hear things like “shintashta only existed for a mere 3 or 4 hundred years “ when my country is still younger than that. We are still babies in the grand scale of history.

[@sovereigncrux]

Actually, many of the existing cultures which were here in the Americas before the European colonists had existed far, far longer.

[@walterdiaz2003]

There is evidence the Olmecs began registering their history in writing as early as 900BCE.

[@prajwalbharambe343]

​@@sovereigncrux but very few proofs. aryans were only discovered because of indo europian languages.

[@rumble2468]

Yup, and the history of farming alone is a tiny blip (like 10% at most) of Homo sapiens sapiens' existence on the earth. Never mind actual civilization, with writing, cities, government, organized religion, etc., is only like 4% of Homo sapiens sapiens' history. Not to mention hominids have been around for 6-7 million years, and modern humans only for like 3% of that timeframe.

[@WilliamCelandine]

​@sovereigncrux He's talking about Anglo culture which typically eludes Americans. English culture (defined by whatever the ethnos perpetuates) is 1500 years old

[@selfinihalation]

We're with you all the way Dan. Keep making history

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you.

[@saurabhoi13]

Keep spreading propaganda

[@ericcloud1023]

This opening was amazing! Your content is top notch

[@believeinpeace]

Thanks!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much!

[@robertcrusader5019]

Excellent job. Lots of good data, and little speculation so common to historical works.

[@DrosoJK]

Only small parts of india aryans. Indians are mostly negroid chineses turkik mix

[@DrosoJK]

That explains their dumbness and cruelty.

[@benndanny12]

Thanks for another brilliant video. They really help to clarify the monumentally complex movements and developments of prehistory.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@benndanny12]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq That's interesting is there an alternative story that you can put forward for discussion?

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

@@benndanny12 pls read satyarth prakash book written by swamy Dyananda Saraswati

[@alok_singh]

Chariot is available in India at Sinauli dated back to 1800-2000 BC.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Sinauli is dated to 1865 - 1550 BC. The antenna swords suggests it was 1500 - 1000 BC. The vehicles at Sinauli were heavy, with solid wheels and copper sheets. They heavy and so could not have been pulled quickly by the small horses that were around back then and so were not war chariots.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@lijjo1986]

jai sriram@@KManjunath-eg4gq

[@yogeshchaudhary2093]

​@@DanDavisHistoryThey were 2 wheel chariots,and at that time Greece was making 4 wheel chariots which proves that we were technologically advanced and about the point made about them being heavy because of solid wheels, firstly, the wheels were not solid, they were decomposed making it hard to seperate organic matter and wood. Also there were swords and other things in it which proves that it was a war chariot. On other note, we had masterd the manufacturing of war chariots by then because of copper, gold and bronze was embossed in chariot and no person in their correct mind would do that if they haven't perfected the art, specially with these kind of materials. Also the way the sword was made, the process. Please just get over about Europeans being aryans. They are not that great. They can't even make food and you want to make them great 😂.

[@lalsarun4696]

​@@KManjunath-eg4gqInvasion theory is wrong but it's the Aryans migrated and that has valid evidence .

[@sterkar99]

I loved this one as well. You never rabble on mindlessly. You always stay on the core of the subject

[@drainmonkeys385]

Good job…. I absolutely love these type of channels .. stuff you’ll never see on tv…but absolutely should …

[@lindawhittaker6866]

I'm an archaeologist and I am forwarding this video to a graduate student who is doing her thesis on the origin of horse warfare in the Near East. It is an excellent introduction to Central Asian origins of horse warfare.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thanks very much. I also have a video about the origins of horse warfare.

[@ДаниилФролов-м3л]

Already knowing most of this factology, I still really love these videos for they visualize maps, express life and feels of ancient people who even couldn't write. It really helps to get the FEEL of it - how it lived in space, time and human lifetimes. It's great to feel them as real people, who travelled, fought, communicated with other peoples etc, and not as bones and their shards.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you that's exactly what I want to do.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@benkratz36]

Fantastic work as always! Thank you so much for your efforts

[@TheOlgaSasha]

Just wonderful video of high historical quality. It is very difficult to find a really good material for Corded Ware culture and its descendants, especially about Sintashta culture (the "mother" of Indo-Aryans)... I've never seen such intersting videos made with a soul and deep knowledge. Thanx a lot!!!

[@blyat5352]

More like "father of indo aryans". Also, modern Indians and Iranians on average only have around 10-15% Sintasha ancestry.

[@demonyakku3710]

Im waiting for this episodes like for nothing else in YT those days. Amazing voice amazing stories freaking amazing

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much.

[@AllistairNeil]

Central Asia played a huge role in our past. Cannabis was first consumed in the foothills of the Tien Shan. If you take a summer stroll in Almaty you'll no doubt notice massive buds welcoming you to the many parks and green spaces in and around the city. Not many rastas yet!😅

[@JoeBidet-yb5er]

And poppies

[@Tombomber8888]

How do I even adequately thank you for this, Dan? The gears in my mind and imagination are set in motion each and every time I come upon your work and I’m so very grateful for it.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@Meraj_1983]

I see a Dan Davis video and I click and watch without question

[@DanDavisHistory]

💪

[@AloneComes]

your ability to deliver high-quality content consistently is amazing!

[@angelopueyygarcia43]

Damn that intro gave me chills. Such beautiful storytelling

[@hræfnwarianMLXVI]

I wonder if there is any connection between the ancient Hittites of Anatolia and the Sintashta? The Hittites migrated out of Russia to Bogezkale in northern Anatolia around 2000 B.C., being contemporary with the Sintashta culture and are known for their use of chariots in warfare. I also find it interesting that Sintashta settlements were fortified much like how Hattusa was after it was conquered by Anitta.

[@alexgabriel5423]

Bravo!! This is the Truth! Thank you for posting it on this site. See my new comments. They are supported by your comments!!

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@stephanelafargue4263]

​@@KManjunath-eg4gq many bonds between North india tadjiks. N south Oural yamnayas. Lenguage n so on

[@zhangzongchang1057]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq Hindu nationalist triggered

[@Baryshx]

Sorry, Indian, but if there was an Aryan race, it would be Afghans, Pakistanis, Iranians and some North Indians. Your attempt to attribute this to the whole of India is pathetic. R1a Hablogroup

[@edwardshafer1729]

Thank you for these high quality videos. I love love love them. 🎉

[@pete5134]

These videos are such a welcome antidote to all the "peaceful diffusion" narratives that seem to be put about when it comes to the spread of ancient cultures.

[@indianhistorybuff]

I would add that we have few concrete ideas on the spread. As Dan also said, IMO trade was more popular than warfare. And the ones conducting warfare were more on a tribal level rather than on a civilizational level. Plus heavy warfare conducting cultures seem to have died of faster. As with everything in life i believe answers must be more complex than an all conquering horde.

[@JustGrowingUp84]

I've never heard about that narrative. All evidence points to both warfare and trading. And, when there is mass migration, there is usually mixing of the invading culture with the invaded one. Maybe you're watching the wrong documentaries.

[@therationalcollection2999]

@@JustGrowingUp84 there is a big discussion going on especially in conservative Hindu communities that Aryan invasion was never a thing.. or that the Aryan people originated from the Indus valley civilization. Also you can see this discussion when looking at Anatolian farmer expansion. However, maybe it has some validity in that case

[@talyn3932]

If you look at the scope of history, migration through trade and population growth drives most expansion. Warfare covers such a very small portion of any culture's history. Even if there is a massive war once a century per civilization, that still means you have 3-4 generations living in peace and doing their thing between each event. War disrupts trade and population and thus halts expansion. Conquest and invasion is only a lead into a longer period of adjustment, trade, and migration. You cant look at history through wars alone, it you do, you compress it and lose sight of it completely.

[@thefisherking78]

@@therationalcollection2999 yup. The nationalists over there also commonly believe that Sanskrit _was_ the original P-I-E language and not a daughter language. It's eye-rolling, but it's not unprecedented. They aren't the first group to use pseudoscientifically supported wishful thinking to shore up their ethnocentric worldview.

[@jmab721]

*YESSS, another video on the Proto Indo Iranians, the Sintashta. I subscribed, awesome work.*

[@gnb_2476]

It is something how many military innovations came from the steppes. Thank you for this great video. A good follow-up could be about the Mitanni, who took chariotry to the aristocracy, with their Maryannu caste being akin to Bronze Age knights.

[@gnb_2476]

@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 I wasn't talking about ancestry. I was talking about the evolution of chariotry and the chariot's role in ancient aristocracies. And castes came from peoples all over the world. The Mitanni had a chariot nobility and a hierarchical system with levied peasants at the bottom and the king with the ruling elite at the top. And everyone in each level of the heirarchy had rule of decorum to the others. Hence, a caste system.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@pendragonU]

​@@KManjunath-eg4gqyou could say that stringing it as "on the other hand" hypothesis BUT modern DNA testing of human remains in Archaeology finds of that period say.... "You were NOT the father's culture and people"

[@rationalintelligence8949]

The Proto-Aryans (Indo-Iranians) invented the chariot, that is something fascinating. The Aryans' legacy still lives on through the Vedas, Gathas, Achaemenid Empire, Mauryan Empire, and their cultural influence thrives throughout the Indian Subcontinent, Iranian Plateau, and the regions where the Scythians, Alans, Mitanni, and other Indo-Aryan and Irano-Aryan tribes dwelled. The Aryans' languages still live too (Hindi, Persian, Pashto, Urdu; those ancient influential languages that gave birth to those other languages: Sanskrit and Avestan). The Proto-Aryans originated in Arkaim where they were bringers of the Sintashta culture (in which they probably built the huge citadel that Arkaim is known for), then they expanded and formed the Andronovo culture (their technological and biological-sociological accomplishments cannot be ignored regarding warfare and horse breeding). After that, the Proto-Aryans split into the Indo-Aryans and Iranians. The Iranian tribes migrated to the Iranian Plateau (and to other parts of Central Asia and Europe); the Indo-Aryan tribes migrated to the Indian Subcontinent (and to other parts of Western Asia and Central Asia). Long live the Arya!

[@chrisnewbury3793]

Tartaria and Siberia both mean Star Aria, or Aryan Star. Tara in Sanskrit means star, and is likely where we get the words Tzar/Tsar/Czar. The Egyptian symbol for Star is called Seba. The Sabbeans were Aryan star worshipers. So the Tara and Seb prefixes could also have meant "king" or "kingdom", as well.

[@antidweller6373]

@@chrisnewbury3793 haha. No !

[@chrisnewbury3793]

@@antidweller6373 haha yeah...prove me wrong. And with something other than Wikipedia lul.

[@antidweller6373]

@@chrisnewbury3793 nope, you have to prove YOUR bullshit. But you can't 😂😂😂

[@chrisnewbury3793]

I don't have to prove shit to you lol. Do your own homework.

[@liquidoxygen819]

Excellent video as always, Mr. Davis!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Cheers!

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@liquidoxygen819]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq Of course… there’s no Y-chromosomal, autosomal, physical-anthropological, historical, linguistic, archaeological, comparative mythological, cultural, or zoological evidence to indicate that… When are you people going to wake up to reality?

[@alwaysright3943]

Remarkably well made video, I'd like to see you make a video about the Scythians as well. Greetings from Iran.

[@michaelgutierrez9563]

Always learning! Thank you 🙏!

[@tomascc9367]

serious research. Very impressive. Big fan.

[@TheMercian13]

A video dedicated to the Andronovo cultures would be a great watch, absolutely loving these videos

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much. Yes I agree and Andronovo is on the list. I may do the BMAC first. And I'd like to do the Indus Valley Civilisation too.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@alokbejai5250]

keep living in your dreams!!!

[@blaircolquhoun7780]

I wish I learned about these cultures in my college history class over 40 years ago. Nice video.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you.

[@blaircolquhoun7780]

@@DanDavisHistory You're welcome.

[@enlightnedsoul4124]

This aryan Dravidian theory is wrong... All Indians are descentants of Harappan Civilization and they still have a DNA identiy of 30% matching a harappan Skelton they found last year in haryana, India... The Indus valley or Harappan civilization is the oldest dated back to 8000 years..

[@blaircolquhoun7780]

@@enlightnedsoul4124 I know it now. When I was in college, my history book, History Past & Present, said that the Ayrans invaded India and toppled the Harrapan, then known as the Indus Valley Civilization.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@the.pandamonium]

It's always interesting to me how advanced these cultures seem judging by their level of advancement in metalworking, building and erecting walls, towers and settlements but also at the same time didn't have saddles for the horses without which they couldn't live. It's a strange mix of advanced yet primitive that makes it so interesting to me.

[@vorobyovmichael]

Well that was somewhat explained they had chariots and could throw spears farther than on horseback. Mongols shot arrows off horseback that's why they used saddles. Chariots are arguably more complex than a saddle. Chariots and carts are arguably more comfortable but yeah higher maintenance

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@stephanieyee9784]

This was really interesting and informative. Thanks Dan.

[@rankingresearchdata]

As you mentioned chariots in 1750 BC but in excavations in indian state of uttar pradesh the chariots was 1900 BCE found

[@DanDavisHistory]

Nope, those two wheeled ritual bullock carts are not chariots. Sintashta chariots date from c.2000 BC, and Abashevo had them earlier.

[@Ghost007-yu2jm]

@@DanDavisHistory what "two wheeled ritual bulllock cart"?? lol u people do everything to show other findings less great

[@Gopalavijaya]

@@Ghost007-yu2jm I agree.

[@ramez4262]

Goes to show how biased these self proclaimed historians are.

[@rankingresearchdata]

@@DanDavisHistory those chariots are similar to Mesopotamian & Sumerian advance version but 2 wheel 🛞 chariots.... Hope you make a video on the first blade chariots which was created by Ajatshatru in the magadh empire and cover the topic of magadh dynasties and fall of early buddhism in starting of AD

[@ThursonJames]

What a spectacular combination of thorough research, vivid narrative, charming accent and voice. Thanks, Dan!

[@enlightnedsoul4124]

This aryan Dravidian theory is wrong... All Indians are descentants of Harappan Civilization and they still have a DNA identiy of 30% matching a harappan Skelton they found last year in haryana, India... The Indus valley or Harappan civilization is the oldest dated back to 8000 years..in fact the aryans didn't came from Europe, they left from Indus vallry to Europe around 4000-5000 years ago. The new proofs from Haryana Archeological site has many evidence that the world's first civilization evolved in India and later spread to elsewhere

[@ThursonJames]

@@enlightnedsoul4124 given that we share 98% of our genetic code with chimpanzees, how, exactly, would 30% Harappan DNA be impressive?

[@BARBARYAN.]

Hands down the best most informative channel on YT nowadays!

[@SirLeDoux]

This is my first time seeing it and yes it’s very good so far. Another great channel on KZbin is Robert Sepher -he’s an anthropologist who breaks down some great stuff. He uses DNA haplo groups and does a great job of explaining the spread of humans- not the “ everyone came out of Africa “ which has lots of proof against but is still pushed. He also talks about the “ Aryan culture “ which is where the word Iran comes from. Not many people want to hear the truth about the origin of peoples. Much love to all

[@BARBARYAN.]

@@SirLeDoux Dude, I love Sepehr! He's the reason I became an anthropologist and discovered channels like Survive The Jive and Dan Davis! You definitely are on the right path to knowledge, my friend. Never let the world guilt you into denying your ancestry and heritage. We are living in horrendous times when our sons and daughters are told to hate themselves for their European culture. But the good news is our hope is growing and more and more people are waking up to this nasty propaganda. Stay strong and hold onto your culture! Never lose your smile.

[@TheEvertw]

Nice documentary on a fascinating people I knew nothing about!

[@spartailukurgosz1392]

Dude, I'm fucking addicted to your videos. Binged thrm all in a week!

[@indianabroad4530]

Sanauli site in Haryana (India) has Bronze age chariots and burial sites from 1900 BC. And based on the content of Rigved, it dates back to at least 3000 BC.

[@gaufrid1956]

You always teach me something new, Dan! Maybe the technologies used in warfare have changed a lot, but the reason behind it has not. It's always about protecting resources, and where possible, expanding your territory and influence. Well done!

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

Aryans never came out of india the people who livein india are called Aryans.

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@goldenvalkyrie7142]

very nice and informative video! I love learning more about the indo-european cultures!

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@Axel_Kidd]

Great video, thanks! I just want to add one idea that came to my mind when watching your video. It is how important for the development of these early cultures was the combination of different landscapes in which they lived. They had access to both the steppes (mobility, prosperity through livestock) and the forests (wood, occasional refuge from attacks). Plus, there are major rivers in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe, which is also helpful for obvious reasons. And the diversity of landscapes may also foster greater mental flexibility, though it's only my guess.

[@FarooqKhanx-mk5jv]

As a Pashtun/Afghan I'm a descendant of the Scythians 🐎🏹 love to all Aryan brothers and sisters around the world 🗺 ❤

[@171_indranildutta6]

hail the good old ppl

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@FarooqKhanx-mk5jv]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq according bollywood graduate historians! Right! 😂

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

@@FarooqKhanx-mk5jv All living from Afganistan to Saudi Arabia all where worshipping idols before Islam was born. Means all were following Vedic culture. You can still find Indian god idols from turkey to Afghanistan.

[@171_indranildutta6]

@@FarooqKhanx-mk5jv he is South Indian they are Dravidians

[@yourherper]

The word "Aryan" originates from the Sanskrit word "Ārya," meaning "noble" or "honorable." It appears in ancient Indian texts, primarily the Rigveda, one of the oldest Vedic scriptures, dated around 1500 BCE. In the Rigveda, "Ārya" refers to a group of people who followed Vedic culture, not a race. The term later gained racial connotations in the 19th century due to misinterpretation by European scholars. In ancient texts, it was used for cultural and linguistic identity, not for ethnicity.

[@AngeloCapra]

You’re absolutely right! But this word is utilized in European languages too and with the same mining! In Ancient Greek language we have Aristos and many personal own names as Aristeides, Aristodemo, Aristarcos etc, in Germanic languages we have Ariovisto, Ariovaldo and 👉 Ar…my , Ar…ms (weapons), certainly this world it refers to a military activity or warfare! And certainly who was considerate an Aryan he was a war chief! 🙏

[@SecretsOfScripture]

Your journey is truly inspiring - from adversity to redemption. Embracing the transformative power of faith, you've found a home, a loving family, and a renewed identity as a child of God. Hallelujah to the incredible testimony of grace and resilience! 🙌🌟

[@alexhurt7919]

Amazing video. I had no idea that all domesticated horses were from sintashta. That's one of the coolest facts I've ever heard.

[@alexhurt7919]

@@zzzzz653 sounds like you just don't like the steppe theory. Probably because of some racial reason I imagine. Your name sounds indian so I imagine that's where your angst about it originates. Most indian's hate nomadic steppe herder theory. The proof that all horses come from sintashta might not be a proven fact, but other things are. For example there were no horses in india until steppe herders brought them. Genetically you probably have ancestors that were steppe herders, especially if you're from northwest india. I know the disdain for the theory is born of indian nationalism, which is something I fully support, but I don't understand why steppe theory is bad for indian nationalism.

[@alexhurt7919]

@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 you realize horses aren't native to the Indus valley right? They're native to the steppes. I want you to imagine how horses could have ended up moving from the steppes to the Indus valley. I'm well aware that Indians are in denial about the invasion, but there's so much evidence for it that I'm not willing to entertain your denial. I mean even going off just the genetic evidence in the modern population of northern India there's more than enough evidence to prove it.

[@TheM41a]

Great video as always. You should do one on the bell beakers next.

[@TheMillionMiler]

Thanks

[@Wolfen443]

Wow, amazing story to start the video City Building Nomadic Cultures are the transitory point between Nomadic and early City building Civilizations. Their contribution to Human History is under related or covered a lot. Just because they left behind not might cities and records that does not take anything away from them.

[@indianhistorybuff]

What an intro! I have even more confidence in your storytelling, I'll have to find your books. Also you teased the Indo Iranian phase, I wonder if reading about it, made you more curious?

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you. I am interested in ancient Indian history, I intend to read much more about it.

[@isoldam]

@@DanDavisHistory I hope you can do some videos about non-European pre-history some day. I really love these videos and I've learned so much from them. I've tried to find some similar, science based, videos for Asian, African and American pre-history, but no luck so far. Thank you for putting out these videos. I really enjoy them.

[@benghazi4216]

@@isoldam Stefan Milo has a few, but maybe not the literary genius Dan is, so there is that.

[@enlightnedsoul4124]

This aryan Dravidian theory is wrong... All Indians are descentants of Harappan Civilization and they still have a DNA identiy of 30% matching a harappan Skelton they found last year in haryana, India... The Indus valley or Harappan civilization is the oldest dated back to 8000 years..in fact the aryans didn't came from Europe, they left from Indus vallry to Europe around 4000-5000 years ago. The new proofs from Haryana Archeological site has many evidence that the world's first civilization evolved in India and later spread to elsewhere

[@indianhistorybuff]

@@enlightnedsoul4124 lol

[@VictorianTimeTraveler]

I just finished God born. I feel compelled to tell you that it is very powerfully written and it is exactly the sort of thing we need in this day and age.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much, so pleased to hear it.

[@19angela71]

Our history is in our DNA. And we are just learning how to read it.

[@theisheep2676]

Sintashta were not your ancestors !

[@theisheep2676]

@yitzhak shekkelsteingoldmanberg none of your business

[@inovator8603]

9:36 A goat runnin in the heard fell and got ran over by the other goats. I couldn't stop laughing! XD

[@RandomHeroVIII]

Amazing video!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Glad you think so!

[@fairdaest]

Hey big history buff. I've been prowling KZbin channels for decades. Your channel is some of the greatest work, and research I've ever seen please keep it up. 💯

[@johnspizziri1919]

Hey, this was great!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thanks!

[@editorrbr2107]

Thanks for this one too. When you alluded so heavily to the Sintashta last week, I wondered if you were going to do a f/u.

[@celtichistorydecoded]

Amazing video Dan, I had never heard of the Sintashta culture before watching this

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you, glad you enjoyed it. A really amazing people.

[@AO-xd2ml]

BMAC (Bactria Margiana Complex) is an extremely important point before Indo-Iranians become the Iranians and Indians. BMAC was a prior advanced civilization that Andronovo would have fused with, at some point. That combination is what gives rise to Indo-Iranians.

[@DigoronKavkaz]

Yes gave rise to the Iranic people whereas the Indo-Aryans fused with IVC

[@AO-xd2ml]

@@DigoronKavkaz Yes, and IVC is maybe a misnomer because IVC also had a city called Shortugai, near the modern city of Kunduz in Afghanistan. It is in Tajikistan and northern Afghanistan, where this fusion of Indo-Aryan and IVC probably began.

[@Baryshx]

Iran, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan are not the same race. There is no such race as Indo-Iranian. This is to express so-called linguistic unity. Aryans maybe R1a hablogroups people

[@AO-xd2ml]

@@Baryshx There is no genetic thing called race to begin with. Everyone is mixed with various mutations. Although Indian and Iranians share IF (Iranian Farmer) and SP (Steppe Pastoralist) genes. Along with linguistics and archeology, this indicates shared ancestry.

[@samtemz4886]

Спасибо большое за ваше видео.Thank you very much for your content, You tube is filled with so much content,most of which good and entertaining,.and not many Brain Food and Every video I learn something new and giving my brain a jolt of good energy .Thank You and God bless you

[@Wowowomg]

Hey man, your videos are exceptional. Can’t believe I’m just now finding your channel. Love from Virginia, USA!

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you

[@CW-rx2js]

So these are my ancestors!! For most north, central Indians. These people came in, mixed with the indus valley civilization yo form the north indians today. They were a highly militaristic society and invented the horse driven chariot that was used to win wars. We have the same chariots in indian religious texts such as the Mahabharata - there would be one driver and one person in the chariot riding it.

[@ver939]

Modern Indians arent even close to Sintashta people. The closest people to the ancient Sintashtans are modern day Swedes lol

[@DigoronKavkaz]

​@@ver939amongst modern Indo-Iranian speakers, the Pamiris have the highest Sintashta DNA, almost 50%.

[@ver939]

@@DigoronKavkaz source?

[@helveticaneptune537]

​@@ver939lol how could they be the ancestors of the swedes! They lived thousands of miles to the east. Also they spoke an indo-iranian langauge and there gods were similar to the avestan and vedic gods so chances are they are the ancesters of most norther indians although only about 20% depending on the location. In the north west of the indian subcontinent its more 40%

[@ver939]

@@helveticaneptune537 indo-european migration

[@igorkostin5280]

Wow! I lived here all my life and did't know about this. Very interesting.

[@mikegonzales8520]

I'd be curious to hear your take on the BMAC and how it interacted with the Sintashta/Andronovo ... if only because, as others have noted, your novelist story telling tradition makes the material much more alive than dry archaeological white papers

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thanks Mike, yes I will make a dedicated BMAC video for sure.

[@theisheep2676]

Sintashta interacted heavily with BMAC which is why the proto indo Iranian branch was so unique

[@GreaterAfghanistanMovement]

@@DanDavisHistory Do you think the BMAC people were also Indo-Iranians? I connection has been suggested.

[@the420aditya]

@@GreaterAfghanistanMovement if that is case then why there is no evidence of substrate language in Sanskrit or old Persia about BMAC language. That language seems to be completely different from India European.

[@eho6380]

@@GreaterAfghanistanMovement Genetic studies did reveal that the BMAC didn't have Steppe ancestry, so no they weren't

[@JoeDirt-lf6sb]

While reading Gods of Bronze, I’m also listening to The Horse, the Wheel and Language on my work commute. Absolutely fascinating, almost obsessive topic. Dan, have you run across any info on the wooden Sintashta chariot museum reconstruction you show here? The kurgan burial chariot remains seem more like a wooden frame, over which a hide or leather suspended platform, like later (Egyptian, Celtic, etc.) chariots had. Seems like that would explain the fact that only the frame seems to have survived in a recognizable form. On the other hand, perhaps they used a species of wood for the frames/axles that was more rot-resistant and the thinner boards of the floor and sides were of wood that didn’t last as long in the ground. I haven’t found much on the specifics of how the chariot was constructed or what informed the decisions of whoever built the reconstruction.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Yes there are questions around the designs due to issues of preservation. Oftentimes only the wheels are left or even only the marks in the ground indicating where the wheels were and so giving the width of the chariot and no further information. Some people have experimented with reconstructions based on the evidence. One specialist is named Ivan Semyan and he has an instagram account with a few snapped photos of reconstructions. Unfortunately a lot of the published info is exclusively in Russian so yes it is hard to know what the current thinking is.

[@JoeDirt-lf6sb]

@@DanDavisHistory Thanks for the Sayman reference. I'll check that out. I think I'll also look up an email address for David Anthony and see if he'd find the time for a response with his thoughts on the topic. His book so far references the width of chariots, wheel size, number of spokes, etc., but no mention of how the platform or box was made. He seems to have spent a lot of time studying Russian sources, so he probably has at least a hypothesis. My own current hypothesis is that the platforms were not planks. Lumber milling was done in the bronze age, but since building with hyde-lashed poles probably predated lumber carpentry, the earliest chariots were probably built this way. Hide suspension platforms would have offered not only better shock absorbing properties, but would also have been cheaper to make and easier to maintain than milled lumber planks. I'm 'nerding out' on this for two reasons; I'm a life-long woodworker and furniture maker and would love to build an accurate early Indo European chariot. Second, I'm also a police composite artist and an illustrator. For my own enjoyment, I'm working on an artistic representation of a steppe chariot team in combat, and I want to get the chariot right. I've painted the chariot to look like the Arkaim museum reconstruction, but the all-lumber box just doesn't seem to make sense.

[@jamesvandemark2086]

Quite the lead-in! A BIG step up from leading a squad of mounted infantry!

[@eprst45]

Вы делаете поразительную работу! Должен признать. О Синташте и Аркаиме в англоязычных материалах мало рассказывают так..👍 Вот ролик от Дмитрия Пучкова "Иван Семьян о реконструкции синташтинской колесницы" .... Там все на русском, но можно включить английские субтитры.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Большое спасибо, я ценю это. Мне очень нравится работа Ивана Семьяна, его работа по реконструкции колесниц великолепна.

[@eprst45]

​@@DanDavisHistory Преклоняю колено, у нас говорится- "..работайте братья.."

[@KManjunath-eg4gq]

K Aryans never came from outside India it's fake story, the people who live in India are called Aryans. There's no Aryan invasion theory. 1 ,

[@eprst45]

@@KManjunath-eg4gq Let me recommend you a wonderful video that explains the origin of the inhabitants of India from the point of view of modern genetics science. Exploring India’s Diverse DNA: Indo-Aryan & Dravidian Admixture

[@kathrinat9824]

I love that an Iranic culture is getting attention, often times the old European Iranic cultures are overlooked in the west :(

[@Akash11898]

Hinduism is one of the iranian religion

[@infinite5795]

@@Akash11898 Zorastrianism is a sub-branch of Hinduism from India.

[@shezyam460]

@@infinite5795 no, it developed seperately but retained the same roots as hinduism. Zoroastrianism and hinduism stem from the same core traditions and beliefs

[@fakegaming729]

Indo aryans were their ancestrers

[@kathrinat9824]

@@fakegaming729 their*

[@mouradsabri4869]

Excellent as usual.

[@SuperMrMuster]

Can you tell us about the Seima-Turbino Phenomenom? They were the paternal ancestors of Finns, Hungarians, Estonians and the Sami people. They were the true Fingols, behind the meme of Fingolia. Supposedly they were contemporary to the Andronovo people. As another tie-in to this video, there's a paper by Asko Parpola pointing out correspondences in language and religion between these peoples. For example, the chief god of the Vedic religion is Indra and not some permutation of the more common Indo-European Perkwunos. Indra would seem to correspond to Finnish Ilmarinen and Inmar, the chief god of the Udmurt people in Russia.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Yes I will - Seima-Turbino is on the video list. Cheers.

[@disorderedenthropy]

Chief god of Vedic “religion” is not Indra. It’s the trilogy of Bhrama the creator, Vishnu the maintainer, and Shiva the destroyer. Indra is considered a much lower diety that is the god of heavens.

[@joelabraham9456]

@@disorderedenthropy lol virtually every scholar worth his salt agrees that Indra was the main and most important god during the Vedic period. It’s evidenced by 250 of the Vedic hymns dedicated to Indra . The trimurti gained their importance much later in history. They are only minor and for the most part irrelevant deities in the vedas

[@genoshistoria3487]

Goddamn it how did you make another video? I haven't finished a video in two months. No just kidding, I'm excited to see another video from you. This is the first comprehensive description of Sintashta I've seen. Kudos to you for making this.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thanks bro.

[@YoungChunds]

Get busy bro, I need my dopamine receptors satisfied with genetic analysis 😉

[@genoshistoria3487]

@@YoungChunds I've been working on a video for three weeks on the Bohemia ancient DNA study. I'm in the last stages. By a hope and a prayer I'll have it done this week.

[@genoshistoria3487]

@@ario4795 Yeah that's not what google says. Plus even if that were how you pronounce it, I would refuse to pronounce it that way. I refuse to look like a fool pronouncing things that go against basic English phonology rules.

[@genoshistoria3487]

@@ario4795 Yes I just figured that out not too long ago. B-hole. That was clever. Sorry man I actually take the pronunciation errors seriously. Not because I want to always get it right but because it is frustrating. So that's why I was salty.

[@teeheeteeheeish]

Those settlements are incredibly cool. I imagine them spreading, as each settlement gets overcrowded a group of them continues on to found a new one.

[@genoshistoria3487]

*Aliens observing humanity in 2300 BC* "Ok, the Kurgan era is over. Their prime is over. They took over Europe. They can't possibly do more." *Sintashta emerges in 2200 BC* mightier than any Kurgans before them. *Aliens…..* ”You’ve got be kidding me! These frickin' Kurgans just won’t stop.”

[@Adil_Turysbek_TVRC]

Shame we do not make kurgans anymore. I would love to see a giant Kurgans built for exceptional individuals of my country (Kazakhstan).

[@jochem420]

9:37 RIP that one sheep on the bottom left lol

[@gideonros2705]

😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@alexandrejose8362]

Thanks for drawing attention to this old video, I don't think I would have noticed it otherwise

[@jeremyleven1733]

You are really do make the best videos of the Indo european and pre-IE cultures. Just prefect dude. I've learned so much.

[@DanDavisHistory]

Thank you very much Jeremy, I appreciate it!

[@Wog68]

When you mention Rig Veda refereeing something that appear to be connected to this culture of Shintashta, you are not considering the whole Rig Veda (and three other Vedas). Rig Veda also has rhymes referring to rising Sun from Sea in the East. Stepps is landlocked. There are also tales in Sanskrit about a sage named Agasthsya, who went east and engulfed water of the whole oceans IMHO, the whole idea of people moved from stepps in Central Asia to Indian subcontinent could be misleading. Recently, archeologists find 5000-7000 years old buried human remains and artifacts that include chariot, weapons, other items and edible remains. Chariots found display complex artwork. Once examination and thorough analysis these findings completes, it may require us to rethink that actual migration may have occurred out of India into Iran, Central Asia and finally to Europe. Also, while all languages northward of India has Indo-Aryan words at varied at random from region to region, Sanskrit as fully developed language has survived till today in India instead of in Stepps or Europe.

[@schoolkid1809]

Indus valley civilization People's 👥 are south Indian People's only ~ Recent Excavation in Tamilnadu Keelzadi Excavation proofs are connecting Indus valley civilization ~ Like Jallikattu Symbols - Red black Pots are in both Indus valley and Tamilnadu ~ Even Tamizili (Oldest Tamil language)Symbols are Founded

[@sveinoleaase]

Hello brother! India is a great nation that has and continues to give in full. And it does not take anything away from you that the origen of that particular influence comes from outside.

[@tablescissors]

@@eshwarrao7358 And ofc we’ve come to understand that science misrepresented carbon dating and it has very important limits and is not as “accurate” as previously forwarded. Meanwhile, it’s also important to bear in mind the information of ancestors as this too has led to important discoveries and overlaps. Nor was anyone stating they be relied on exclusively, but we did do ourselves a disservice on multiple occasions by being too quick to dismiss them as well.

[@tablescissors]

shwarrao7358 - And an even more troubling aspect in your response, one that bodes poorly for space travel, is the necessity for us to be “one” (especially in the face of genetic evidence to the contrary) - are we truly unable to be fair to one another otherwise? Again, although you went OT with those sudden aspersions; this is an important and valid point to be considered.

[@Wog68]

@@sveinoleaase That is not the point. It is the false narrative and geopolitical-theological battering that needs to be countered. Why did the language, the traditions, the text and the rituals survived and why? Did aryans arrived only in Indian subcontinents by vacating steps of Central Asia completely? How did Indo-aryan languages spread to Iran and Europe without conquest and imposing aryan traditions, rituals and customs and why did they failed to preserve text, literatures, scriptures, traditions and customs? While descendants of islamic conquests, Christian captures and colonization in past centuries (that imposed their theologies and customs while eliminative native theologies, customs, traditions and rituals) do not have to take responsibility, accountability and politico-economic battering why decedents of Aryans that percolated to South Asia way before 5000 years ago and made particularly what is India today and who equally suffered 1000 years of foreign rules and atrocities with everyone in India have to take it, be guilty about it and remain silent?

[@mohammediqbal123]

Just found your channel. Brilliant stuff

[@SuperCROivan]

This is pure gold, keep up the good work. You deserve much more fame :D