CELL-MEDIATED response - A-level biology immunity cellular response of T cells (T Lymphocytes)

[@rubyk1947]

got my first biology paper in 5 days your account is honestly saving my grades thankyou!

[@menaaaa05]

Same sis

[@thomasgale96]

amazing video, helped enormously. my class is doing online learning and so my teacher couldnt explain this easily, however this video is perfect. thank you!

[@MissEstruchBiology]

So pleased that it is helping during school closures!😊

[@keiralevene4946]

you helped me get an a* LEGEND KEEP DOING ALL THE COURSE!!!!

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Congratulations!!!! That is amazing.

[@Sophia-dg7wk]

Thank you so much this was extremely useful. It's great to have easy to understand and concise notes.

[@MissEstruchBiology]

You're welcome 😊 Really pleased it helped you.

[@tanzilakhan9235]

... have gone through almost 8 videos on the internet.. nothing helped as much as this one did Thumbs up👍. Thankyou ma'am ❤️

[@MissEstruchBiology]

aww so pleased!

[@surpremier]

miss youre so so so helpful. love this channel so much x

[@MissEstruchBiology]

ahhh thank you !

[@solojekwu2142]

Nice presentation Ma. Presently a clinical student at University of Nigeria Teaching HOSPITAL Ituku-Ozalla 🎉🎉

[@hoyama1520]

That’s extremely helpful! , your channel is really underrated

[@MissEstruchBiology]

thank you!!!

[@SadafNoor-z9p]

Best vid on t lymphocyte I must say

[@MissEstruchBiology]

thank you 😊

[@junaidrehman7519]

AMAZING VIDEO,HONESTLY BETTER TEACHING THEN MY SCHOOL

[@MissEstruchBiology]

☺ thank you. Hope they help with your studies!

[@alisalis1568]

Than*

[@flanyx7908]

I am not even from AQA but this helped alot, thank you

[@MissEstruchBiology]

☺️☺️ so pleased it helped you

[@victorzhou4818]

Thank you so much. My SAC is next Monday and this just reminded me a lot of things.

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Good luck for Monday! I hope the videos help you!!

[@qumt1366]

gr8! one of the best explanations

[@MissEstruchBiology]

I'm so pleased!

[@YuenFongTsui]

most clear explained and structured video thanks very much

[@anishagunasekera7360]

This was so helpful, thank you!

[@MissEstruchBiology]

So pleased it helped you! 😀

[@sciteach4012]

Very helpful and well presented

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Thank you!

[@archanakathiravan825]

Amazing

[@archiesutherland6127]

Thanks

[@MissEstruchBiology]

You're welcome 😊

[@BenjaminNnadi-o3s]

I am studying biotechnology in the university of Nottingham. Thanks for the help

[@MissEstruchBiology]

You're welcome 😊 That's where I went to uni too!

[@dm_entertainment_]

@Miss Estruch woahh that's so cool, what did you study?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

@@dm_entertainment_ Biology!

[@taimoorenterprises]

Nice Keep it up👍

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Glad you liked it!

[@MaxwellGonyora-z1t]

exams coming up😊 This really helped❤

[@avamaliz]

Hi, do we need to know about macrophages and neurophils?

[@riemashanaachandragantha4655]

i don't think so as they got taken off the spec but it won't lose you marks if you do.

[@thesteeley]

thank you so much :)))

[@busterzigler7530]

Thumbs up after 3 minutes. Pls grant me permission to download this video.

[@MissEstruchBiology]

So glad you found it helpful!!!

[@israshalim9111]

May Allah bless you . Peace

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Thank you!

[@mdffmfff9378]

I thought that through maturation process, the T lymphocyte (having both CD8 +CD4) would differentiate into t helper and t cytotoxic via downregualtion of genes. does this happen after the t cell has been presented with the antigen? or is it that a t cell randomly produced with the correct receptor which has the highest bidnign affinity to the antigen gets clonally selected via APC and then differentiated into a cytotoxic t cell if needed? thanks for the video, your response will be much appreicated

[@mohid0786]

Hey, I was just reading through Class Notes whilst also watching your videos. What's the difference between a cell-meditated response & a cellular response?

[@mohid0786]

Or is it the same thing?

[@mohid0786]

Btw what do you mean by embed on 5:27 ?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Hello, those two terms both mean the same thing :)

[@coriolis4761]

@@mohid0786 Hi, you might know by now but: It can me attach (or fix) but for the sake of biology I'm gonna assume it's the former -attach.

[@l.halloran4819]

question - if b cells can also become antigen presenting cells when they encounter the antigen and take it in by endocytosis, what makes them different from phagocytes/macrophages that also become APC cells?thanks so much for the videos!

[@riemashanaachandragantha4655]

different antigens i think? they might just all be apc cells

[@harsangovinath4833]

There's not that much difference tbh, they both present endogenous antigens

[@triplemgaming5103]

Does cell mediated immunity involve the MHC class 1 or two because I keep seeing different ones? Please help

[@mdffmfff9378]

cell-mediated involves MHC 2 where CD4 t helper cells bind onto the MHC2 complex of the APC such as the macrophage/dendritic cell. the MHC1 complex is only presented on those cells which are infected, which the Cytotoxic t cell binds onto and releases perforin destroying the cell by creating pores within the membrane which in turn reduces viral replication

[@ayeshasidat5830]

Do you have a video on binary fission?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Sorry I don't 😞

[@aminaislam4620]

Hi miss, what is the difference between a T lymphocyte and a T cell? Or are they meaning the same thing? & which shall I call it in the exam? Thanks

[@JoshDocherty-nl6zc]

Their the same thing!

[@JoshDocherty-nl6zc]

Sorry didn’t mean exclamation mark.

[@mrspedrix1858]

is this aqa?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

yeah

[@RebeccaSCREECH-l8e]

Hi Miss Estruch, please can you explain the difference between a macrophage and a phagocyte when applying them in an exam question. Thanks!

[@ArashMIRZAII-c9h]

Teachers pet

[@jackholmes3506]

Hi Miss, When the cytotoxic T cells release perforin to create pores in the cell surface membrane and substances are able to leak in and out of the cell, would you consider this as an example of apoptosis. Apoptosis is controlled and tightly cell regulated death so would you say that this could be considered an example since the death of the infected cells is tightly controlled by the immune system and the Cytotoxic cells? However, if the pathogen was to destroy the cell this would be an example of necrosis but I was interested to see what you thought?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Hello, As it is the body's response killing the cell, I would class it as apoptosis, not necrosis, as it isn't the pathogen directly causing the cell death.

[@goodquestion8064]

Can some one explain how the vaccine affects the t Cells

[@riemashanaachandragantha4655]

vaccines are used to produce more antibodies essentially 1. vaccine contains antigen from pathogen 2. macrophage presents antigen on its surface and t cells simulate b cells 3. t cells with complementary receptor protein binds to the complementary antibody on its surface. 4. b cells secrete lots of antibodies 5. b cells divide to form clones secreting the same antibody to destroy the virus.