DNA Fingerprinting | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool

DNA Fingerprinting | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool
What is DNA fingerprinting or DNA profiling?
Leicester University geneticist Alec Jeffreys developed a technique called DNA fingerprinting in 1985. It allows DNA samples from different people to be compared to look for similarities and differences. It is useful for solving crimes and can also confirm if people are related to each other, like in paternity testing. Any two people in the world have 99.9% of their DNA the same, so this process analyses the differences in the remaining 0.1%.
This modern technology is called DNA profiling.
CREDITS
Animation & Design: Waldi Apollis
Narration: Dale Bennett
Script: Bethan Parry & Helen Stamp
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Exactly what I was looking for. No dry lecture, just a short, perky little video - thanks.

[@fuseschool]

Glad we could help!

[@Lowdermoomoo]

Yes, I’m doing a profiling assignment right now and was a little confused on base pairs so I looked this up and it helped a lot!

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[@srijamukherjee3261]

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[@manas4802]

Textbooks(NCERT) lines were boring and tough to understand but you have made them easy with this video... Thank you very much

[@aio8872]

Steps of Dna Fingerprinting:- 1) Extracting Genome(whole DNA) from cells. 2)Optional Step:-if amount of DNA obtained is very less then DNA is amplified by PCR. 3)Use Of Restriction Enzyme to cut DNA into fragments in the end we will be able to observe RFLP(Restriction fragment length Polymorphism) in Mini Satelite region due to VNTR, Size of VNTR varies from person to person 99.9 DNA of all human is same 0.1 percent is different due to VNTR and that 0.1 percent is enough to to tell person apart unless they are monozygotic twins. 4) Gel Electrophoresis, here DNA fragments are seperated on the basis of their Length/Charge higher the Length/(-ve) Charge the closer it is to Cathode. 5) Denaturation In alkaline Medium, here double stranded DNA is denatured into Single Stranded DNA. High Temperature is not used in Denaturation since there is risk to mely the gel. 6) Southern Blotting, DNA is transferred to Nylon/Nitrocellulose Membrane, Gel is removed. 7) Hybridization, In this step Radioactive VNTR probe prepared in lab Complimentary to VNTR in DNA is transferred to Nylon membrane Since DNA was single stranded Radioactive VNTR probe gets attached to VNTR. 8)Auto Radiography, X-ray Film is placed on Nylon membrane Radiations from where Radioactive VNTR probe was attached is now Stike X-ray Film and hence a pattern is observed. Pattern is Different in person due to size of fragment of VNTR. Uses:- 1) Forensic Science. 2) Determining Population and Genetic Diversity. 3) Paternity test(The RFLP of child is 50% match with mother and 50% with father because child gets its 23 chromosome from mother and 23 from father) Fun Fact:- Since mature RBCs don't have nucleus WBCs are used in DNA Profiling

[@matthewendrizzi6077]

This explanation conflates two different techniques. The old method of DNA fingerprinting used restriction enzymes. The new method uses PCR. The old method requires a lot of DNA, the new method does not. Once an individual's STR's are amplified enough to see on a gel, you run the DNA directly - no cutting it up or you will skew your results! If you look at enough STR's (~13) the probability that two individuals would have all 13 STR's be the same length is small enough to distinguish among 7 billion people. You guys put out really good stuff, but I can't share this with my students as it is! Would love to see another version, because your graphics and pacing are really good.

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[@adcppk9884]

Thank you. Right now I have an assignment to find more info about RFLP in DNA fingerprinting.

[@HayDayEveryday]

PCR is different, it produces many copies of required DNA in a test tube

[@aswin8063]

@@HayDayEveryday I have a doubt regarding pcr .. why do we have to generate billions of same copies? Isn't 1 dna sample enough?

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[@Sumityaduvanshi56]

Thanks a lot for this video This video is very helpful for my exam to understand dna fingerprinting.

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[@user-po4yj3ut7h]

Even though i'm korean, i can understand VNTR easily thanks to your examples. Thank you for GOOD video

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[@zoemay5441]

My lecturer always said it's not a scientist's job to say 'suspect is guilty'. A scientist just provides evidence. It would be better if the video said 'suspects 3 DNA sample matched the same at the crime scene'. If you're looking to do forensics at university. Remember this.

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[@amitkumarsingh57]

How was that probe made ? from where you get the sequence for making probe??? please explain

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Great explanation!

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[@alphawolf955]

When he said Loci.. The first thing that came to my mind was Loki

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the last part was fun !

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thank you

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Thanks a lot now DNA fingerprint is crystal clear to me

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Wonderful explaination 🙏🙏

[@fuseschool]

Thank you!

[@abdulmoiz6317]

Tell me sir , why in DNA bases A bind with T and G bind With C what's the reason.??? And A person and his parents have the same satallite or others relative must also have tha same Sattalite????

[@jennathulnisha6918]

Your answer for 1st q is The base pairing rule of adenine bonding with thymine only and guanine with cytosine only (in DNA) so we know that there are 2 types of nitrogenous bases are there One is purines(audinene & guanine) another one is pyrimidines(cytosine, uracil,thymine).Each base can only bond with one other, A with T and C with G. This is called the complementary base pairing rule that is A purine always pairs with a pyrimidine and vice versa. However, A doesn't pair with C, despite that being a purine and a pyrimidine.hydrogen bonding that connects the bases and stabilizes the DNA molecule.the bars in two strands are paired through hydrogen bond forming bp. A and T form two hydrogen bonds while C and G form three.this generates appro. Uniform distance between the two strands of helix which means.. It's these hydrogen bonds that join the two strands and stabilize the molecule, which allows it to form the ladder-like double helix. I'm sorry that I can't able to understand your second question kindly be clear with what you're asking! Hope this wil be useful for you too! I guess Enjoy..stay safe stay blessed 💯 Bye!

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It was so useful 👍😁 and interesting facts

[@fuseschool]

Glad it was helpful! 🙂

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Thank you so much 😇.

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Always welcome 😊

[@IStand4Ghaza]

Wow what an interesting topic I love learning about DNA it so interesting thanks for this video 😏😏😏😏😉😉😉👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻❤️❤️❤️

[@fuseschool]

Our pleasure 😊 Glad you enjoyed it!

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Awesome 🧬💉🧫

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Thank you so much! I couldn't understand ncert lines properly, it really helped

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Glad it helped!

[@hafsahyaser9619]

I wanted to ask three questions to do with this video. My first question is Explain what an STR is. My second question is Explain what a genetic locus is in the context of DNA profiling. My third question is Explain briefly why STRs can be used to identify individuals in DNA profiling. Please respond to my comment ASAP today.

[@hafsahyaser9619]

@@fuseschool I wanted to ask three questions to do with this video. My first question is Explain what an STR is. My second question is Explain what a genetic locus is in the context of DNA profiling. My third question is Explain briefly why STRs can be used to identify individuals in DNA profiling. Please respond to my comment ASAP today.

[@fuseschool]

@Hafsah Yaser, STRs mean Short Tandem Repeats. In forensic labs, they are normally used to create a genetic fingerprint of an individual. When is comes to DNA profiling, - it tells scientists if the DNA is from a man or woman, for example, and if the sample being tested belongs to a particular person. When scientists produce DNA profile, they examine STRs at 10 or more genetic loci, which are usually on different chromosomes.

[@epicgamer9725]

how do we bring the the restriction enzymes to the laboratory

[@payalchauhan7656]

Plz tell me what is the use of this short tandem repeats which u told

[@fuseschool]

In forensic labs, they are normally used to create a genetic fingerprint of an individual.

[@applewhite9403]

Tnx,keep up the good work

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Thank you, will do!

[@subhashdave6118]

What is the meaning of variable number of tandem repeats

[@coclover2759]

Thanks bt regarding date when it was developed here i can see 1984 n you said 1985 in mcq typ exams it matters so much it would b very helpfull if you explain this... Again thanku...

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Tnx for making it interesting

[@fuseschool]

Thanks for watching 🤗

[@kavithasampathkumar9155]

Nice explanation

[@fuseschool]

Thank you!

[@nithinnithin4996]

Nitrogen bases are not repeated correctly in loci, I think I am not sure about that but go through

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Really good 👍👍

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Excellent Sir.

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Thanks

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Thanks a lot! It helped a lot!

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You're welcome! Glad it helped!

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Neet ki bachhi👍

[@LONEWOLF-kb4iw]

Thank you so so much can't thank you enough . I was tired of attending LECTURES on fingerprinting where they make you write an Essay on this and still nothing goes inside your head as there is no way of Imagining it

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You are most welcome! Happy to help!

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Very helpful video ....I want exact this video.....thank you....😊😊😊😊😊😊😊

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Most welcome 😊

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Thank you sir DNA is my favorite concept

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You're most welcome!

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Bhahut aacha Samaja aaya or jaisa chaiheta vaisa

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Amazing!

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Thanks!