Eastern Roman Empire: Diplomacy and Espionage - Middle Ages DOCUMENTARY

Explore the strategic brilliance of the Byzantine Empire centered around Constantinople! From Constantine the Great's founding to the challenges faced by this formidable empire, delve into the geostrategic advantages, defensive tactics, and diplomatic finesse that defined Byzantine survival. Discover how the Empire navigated threats from Sassanids, Arab Caliphates, and Turks by emphasizing containment over outright conflict, using spies, diplomats, and unconventional warfare. Uncover legendary instances of military cunning, espionage, and the fascinating clash between civilizations. Join us to unravel the secrets behind Byzantium's remarkable longevity amid relentless adversaries.
🎥 Join our KZbin members and patrons to unlock exclusive content! Our community is currently enjoying deep dives into the First Punic War, Pacific War, history of Prussia, Italian Unification Wars, Russo-Japanese War, Albigensian Crusade, and Xenophon’s Anabasis. Become a part of this exclusive circle: / @kingsandgenerals or patron: / kingsandgenerals and Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kings... as well!
Armies and Tactics: • Armies and Tactics
Late Roman Army: • Military Reforms of Di...
Roman Imperial Cavalry: • Roman Imperial Cavalry...
Roman Army during the Crisis of the Third Century: • Roman Army during the ...
Creation of the Medieval Roman Army: • Creation of the Mediev...
Strategikon - Army Manual of the Byzantine Army: • Strategikon - Army Man...
Elite and Levy Units of the Eastern Roman Army: • Elite and Levy Units o...
How the Eastern Roman Army Declined: • How the Eastern Roman ...
Justinian's Restoration: • Battle of Dara 530 Rom...
Support us on Patreon: / kingsandgenerals or Paypal: paypal.me/kingsandgenerals or by joining the youtube membership: / @kingsandgenerals We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: docs.google.com/document/d/1o...
The video was made by Arb Paninken bit.ly/2Ow3oC8, while the script was developed by Dimitris Koutsoumis. This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
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Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
Sources:
Bartusis, Mark C. The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453. University of Pennsylvania Press, Incorporated, 1997.
Heath, Ian. Byzantine Armies AD 1118-1461. Osprey Publ., 1995.
Nicolle, David. Romano-Byzantine Armies 4th-9th Centuries. Edited by Angus McBride, Bloomsbury USA, 1992.
Τσιάμης, Παναγιώτης. Η Βυζαντινή Υψηλή Στρατηγική και η ανάπτυξη των μυστικών υπηρεσιών, ως ανεξάρτητος πυλώνας διασφάλισης του imperium από τον 6ο έως τον 11ο αιώνα μ.Χ. Master's thesis. University of Macedonia, December 2019.
Luttwak, Edward. The Grand Strategy of the Byzantine Empire. Harvard University Press, 2009.
00:00 Intro
02:11 Geopolitical Situation
11:17 Spies and diplomats,
17:31 Outro
#Documentary #ByzantineArmy #Romans

[@KingsandGenerals]

🎥 Join our KZbin members and patrons to unlock exclusive content! Our community is currently enjoying deep dives into the First Punic War, Pacific War, history of Prussia, Italian Unification Wars, Russo-Japanese War, Albigensian Crusade, and Xenophon’s Anabasis. Become a part of this exclusive circle: kzbin.info/door/MmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fwjoin or patron: www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals and Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kingsandgenerals as well!

[@SarcasticSloth69]

“Diplomats and Spies” sounds like a spinoff channel about tales of historical politicking and espionage lol

[@drakehashimoto685]

Hey guys, great video as always, but did you guys see these errors? I'd like to point out two inaccuracies: 1) Cyril and Methodius developed the Glagolitic alphabet, while their students of Preslav and Ohrid developed the Cyrillic script. 2) The tale of Belisarius ingraining awe and terror in the Sassanian diplomat is most likely propaganda, and what likely led to the Sassanian withdrawal was the plague of Justinian, as we call it. What basis of accuracy does this tale have? Thank you for the vid guys :)

[@anoniem_nederland1401]

Use simple ENGLISH!!! Not all the people watching this video is English!!!!!!

[@drakehashimoto685]

@@anoniem_nederland1401 chill

[@rvrv7021]

Do you Will do some video about how the age of discoveries start ? Thanks very mutch

[@mikemodugno5879]

I love your Byzantine/Eastern Roman content. I know that much of the empire's population either contributed to the Greek diaspora or assimilated into conquering empires (you have covered this topic splendidly in the past), but I would like to know more specifically about the Byzantines who fled to Western Europe and their contribution to the Renaissance.

[@yegirish]

If you love K&G’s Byzantine content, you should consider checking out the History of Byzantium podcast by Robin Pierson. The episodes about the period of Arab invasions and how the Byzantines changed and adapted in reaction to them are excellent. The podcast goes very well with this channel’s content.

[@mikemodugno5879]

Thanks, I will.

[@natethomas587]

@@yegirish Omg best podcast ever ! I was so sad when i got to the end . lol

[@IonutPaun-lp2zq]

@@natethomas587 You can check out Anthony's Kaldellis podcast Byzantium and friends. He is a very good Byzantine scholar.

[@davidblair9877]

“War is but one method of diplomacy. However, it is far and away the least efficient of them.”

[@thebashar]

One bit of history that I have always been fascinated with is how the Byzantium Empire acquired its own silk industry. As I understand it, at some point around A.D 550 Justinian asked a couple of monks to go east and find the source of silk and bring it back. Sounds like a real wacky quest to me.

[@jakobtarrasericsson4295]

Considering that Imperial China saw the production of silk as a vaunted state-secret.. it must been a crazy story by itself.

[@thebashar]

@@jakobtarrasericsson4295 I imagine it to be something like across between "The Road to El Dorado" -- "The Man Who Would Be King" -- and "Flashman"

[@aokiaoki4238]

Silk production existed since Ancient Greek years. Silkworms came in the Alexander the Great years. This story might be a myth

[@emmanuelgabion2534]

How did they hide the secret of keeping live silkworms alive while feeding on mulberry leaves? This involved carefully planned stops spanning thousands of kilometers over several months, ensuring a constant supply of leaves. The complexity increased as they had to transform these silkworms in the loom, requiring specific expertise

[@aokiaoki4238]

"From one particular large grub, which has as it were horns, and in other respects differs from grubs in general, there comes, by a metamorphosis of the grub, first a caterpillar, then the cocoon, then the necydalus; and the creature passes through all these transformations within six months. A class of women unwind and reel off the cocoons of these creatures, and afterwards weave a fabric with the threads thus unwound; a Coan woman of the name of Pamphila, daughter of Plateus, being credited with the first invention of the fabric. " Aristotle, History of Animals, book V part 19, 551 b

[@vitorpereira9515]

You should make an episode about Heraclius. If he had died before the invasion of the Arabs he would be remembered as a hero emperor. He used diplomacy to bring the Turks to his side and convinced Shahrbaraz to abandon Khosrow II to his fate

[@mariuss1590]

An entire series maybe, like they did with Caesar, and with Augustus

[@Secondkomnenian]

He still is a hero, just a tragic one

[@vitorpereira9515]

@@Secondkomnenian He is a hero for me. His subordinates did not have his competence.

[@Cheveliery]

he was very old at the time of invasion and somewhat underestimated the threat. Perhaps battle of Yarmouk would turned out different under orders of the emperror

[@geordiejones5618]

He also was very close to losing. It wasn't until 622, 14 years after he took over and two decades into the war that he led a series of campaigns using the last troops and coin he had left. He very well could have died the last emperor leading the last Roman army.

[@highevan]

"In the Kievan Rus’, for example, an ambassador, who returned from Constantinople in 987, reported to Grand Prince Vladimir and the družina with the following words: ‘Then we went on to Greece, and the Greeks led us to the edifices where they worship their God, and we knew not whether we were in heaven or on earth. For on earth there is no such splendor or such beauty, and we are at a loss how to describe it. We know only that God dwells there among men, and their service is fairer than the ceremonies of other nations. For we cannot forget that beauty’." (Povest′vremennikh let, a. 6495 (987), ed. Kimball, 6.) Johannes Koder, Remarks on linguistic Romanness in Byzantium, pp.112

[@dominicguye8058]

That was quoted in the video. . .

[@highevan]

@@dominicguye8058 In the video the part that refers to "Greece, and the Greeks" was (purposely?) left out...

[@samrevlej9331]

I have to say, as a medieval history student, I used to prefer military history, but now I like the diplomatic, social and even economic history (long-term stuff) as much and even more than political and military events, which are much more short-term.

[@PakBallandSami]

It is not surprising that Byzantium favored diplomacy over warfare in most of its interactions with the barbarians. The constant need to fight on two fronts, in the east against Persians, Arabs, and Turks, meant that if the Bulgars posed a threat, subsidies could be provided to the Kievan Rus. Subsidies to the Patzinaks could counteract a threat from the Rus

[@user-xc6co3ur2v]

Bulgarians,not bulgars.

[@cheeseboi9951]

@@user-xc6co3ur2vback then Bulgars

[@recoil53]

@@user-xc6co3ur2v No, it's Bulgars. They were a Turkic tribe that formed the Kingdom of Bulgaria. The local slavs and Thracians formed the infantry used by the kingdom. That combination of people are who we now call the Bulgarians. But in the time of the Eastern Roman Empire it was the Bulgars who they faced.

[@jasoncropley5334]

@@recoil53 Exactly, hence why Byzantine Emperor Basil II was known as the "Bulgar Slayer".

[@user-xc6co3ur2v]

@@recoil53 This theory was written and imposed during the years when we were under Turkish slavery, for the purpose of territorial claims. The truth is radically different. The imposed story is complete nonsense, but believe whoever you want.

[@TheTodarac]

ty for covering the most underrated historical civ, I really hope byzantine history and stories become more common

[@stonefish1318]

Im so blessed that every time when going into a new deep dive of a certain history part K&G delivers a new episode to it. I Love this channel!

[@christiannipales9937]

They tied the release of the video with the new DLC update for Europa Universalis 4. There was a Byzatine empire update lol that's why they both posted Byzantine videos at the same time

[@highevan]

"After a five-day journey from Abydos, the great city of Constantinople finally appeared. It is the capital of the whole country of Ionia which is called Greece. This is the residence of King Emmanuel, the Emperor. Twelve ministers are under him.......... In Constantinople is the church of Hagia Sophia and the seat of the Pope of the Greeks, since the Greeks do not obey the Pope of Rome." Benjamín de Tudela, Jew of Muslim Spain, merchant and traveler arrives at Constantinople in 1166

[@Wisteria_9]

that first minute poem is amazing. Props to the writer 👏👏👏 edit : I take it back, the entire script were amazing. I love it.

[@schoolofgrowthhacking]

I’m literally watching this from the Fatih district (European side) in the heart of the historic capital, Constantinople. Thank you for the video guys

[@yegirish]

Jealous. One of my favourite cities in the world!

[@DominicJGomez]

Please make a video about claims to Roman territory and how they enforced it and how it altered over time. Things like did Basil II recognize Italy as Roman? Did Manuel II realize all his neighbors were former roman subjects? When did the Roman’s open relations with barbarians in western territories? Did they claim Dalmatia until the end? Where did Roman populations live in territories no longer politically controlled by Romans? And other things like that.

[@Carlo-zk2cy]

We deserve to see the full might and glory of Eastern Roman Empire in cinema.

[@iohboklangkhongjoh1615]

This is a very beautiful video. If the Byzantine empire still exists, you would be rewarded with a bag if gold and silver.

[@MrGreenman447]

The Byzantines were so epic

[@MysticChronicles712]

Kings and Generals always delivers top-notch historical content, and this video on Eastern Rome's survival through diplomacy and espionage is no exception. It's remarkable to see how cunning diplomacy and covert intelligence played pivotal roles in the empire's resilience. The intricate storytelling and detailed animation make history come alive. Thanks for another engaging episode!" 🌍🕵‍♂📜

[@yegirish]

The channel has improved so much over the years, eh? Years ago, it used to be just one of a handful of channels doing kinda bland historical battle videos, but they’ve broadened their scope to so many cooler aspects of history (like this video!) and have gotten such great art to accompany the videos. They’ve made so many obscure periods and places in history that I love absolutely come alive.

[@MysticChronicles712]

@@yegirish yes, I think so

[@yegorkhorushko479]

I'm amazed by the topics you cover. Thank you so much, the tales you present are so interesting!

[@SarcasticSloth69]

“Diplomats and Spies” sounds like a spinoff channel about tales of historical politicking and espionage lol

[@amangujar3308]

Great vid as always team!

[@ilovemesomme]

Would love to see a video on Basil I and the Makedon dynasty prior to Basil II.

[@noahzia5059]

Was waiting for a video on this! Great work as usual.

[@CS-xq8xz]

Big THANK YOU for your top notch work, you guys! Every video you make about the Eastern Roman Land's History makes proud all of us Greeks and our balkan brothers.

[@JonathanRivera-dj6mm]

You should do a series about Justinian I's campaigns in North Africa and Italy!

[@amangujar3308]

They already have done so!

[@JonathanRivera-dj6mm]

@@amangujar3308 I see!

[@KingsandGenerals]

There will be a remake down the line

[@Marex5341]

I suggest a remake​@@KingsandGenerals

[@mattpascarelli8766]

Long form. The wars of justinian featuring belasarius

[@Iraqi_baathist2009]

Amazingly done as always

[@ibrahimkucuk9842]

That was an amazing video, Thanks!

[@JoaoPedro-ol7sl]

Making this comment to thank the channel for the content, it has been very helpful for school work, even used some as sources and it has been helping a lot, thank you very much Kings and Generals

[@georginhoweahvic3977]

love your Byzantine/Eastern Roman content

[@Shadowfang1318]

Medieval Roman content always the best

[@Einherjar1986]

As always very good work and an interesting video.

[@czechmeoutbabe1997]

This was an incredible topic, more of this please! :)

[@condeaarondarkusexcubitor3155]

Considering how complicated was their situation, they truly were recursive when needed. The Eastern Roman Empire of the Middle Ages might have never recovered the max size of the empire at 117 AD with Trajan, but nevertheless managed to hold on pretty well despite not having the same raw power as before.

[@georgebethanis3188]

Thank you for creating videos for my country.

[@milabugtcher990]

really great video, thanks for it!

[@tiberseptim8434]

These videos are excellent, thank you so much ❤️

[@Uzair_Of_Babylon465]

Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍

[@jonbaxter2254]

"I have money, I can just pay my problems away!"

[@randomuser6175]

Great video as usual 👏👏

[@DustDedo]

I miss the total war footage you guys used to edit in :(

[@inSainTed]

15:50 Please check your facts. Cyril and Methodius created the Glagolic alphabet. The Cyrillic was made by their students in Preslav and Ohrid, First Bulgarian Empire, in honor of their teacher so they named it such.

[@Basil-HD]

interesting

[@its_dey_mate]

Yup, the Glagolithic alphabet was based on southern Slavic dialects for all Slavs, the Cyrillic alphabet was created by Kliment of Ohrid for the Bulgarian Empire.

[@reaver5]

Excellent video

[@atrides7]

exalent video! the video for byzantines are always facinate

[@collintrytsman3353]

excellent as always

[@AnuragVaishampayan]

I was Looking For This Video

[@davidhughes8357]

Simply wonderful !

[@highevan]

"By late antiquity, there was a single Greco-Roman Empire, but perhaps today we see more clearly the continuity of its dual nature than the ancients did. Both civilizations co-existed and both survived through the Middle Ages down to the present day;" RONALD MELLOR, THE CONFRONTATION BETWEEN GREEK AND ROMAN IDENTITY, p.118

[@philtkaswahl2124]

I've always been fascinated by Eastern Roman _agentes in rebus_ after reading the _Agent of Byzantium_ stories by Harry Turtledove.

[@danielfatfingahs5649]

Amazing

[@peltasta]

Great work as always, tho will you consider a Dacian Wars video?

[@SeArCh4DrEaMz]

thx so much for uploading content on the byzantine empire, the roman empire (especially the eastern roman empire) is so inspiring, amazing and intriguing all at the same time !

[@mazenaljayousi49]

What a rich Video 👏🏻

[@ytj17thjuggalo12]

Byzantine history is so friggin interesting 😁 These guys got beat up constantly but fought for the capital until the end. Pretty dope 😎 Great work you guys as alwaya

[@paprskomet]

Roman history.

[@ytj17thjuggalo12]

@@paprskomet agreed, but also separate brother - All Roman history is Byzantine history, but we have to make a distinction with their historical accounts, that being, Italian and Greek primarily

[@paprskomet]

@@ytj17thjuggalo12 I have nothing against using some labels that help with orientation in long and complex history but it doesn't have to be label that would completely exclude name "Roman" for example.Moreover "Byzantine"replacement for "Roman" was intentionally designed to manipulate reality to look like if that state has nothing to do with Roman history,to render it as completely separate new and foreign state.

[@user-rq2ly4bf1w]

I see Roman Empire, I click. Thanks for the great video!

[@alfiewright905]

Yay a video

[@amiirezashojaee5291]

Can you please cover Perso-Ottoman wars?

[@Hauptmann_Rudolf.Rudi.Winkler]

@KingsandGenerals Could you Please make a video about the Evolution of late Roman and byzantine Weapons and Armor?😃🦅🍻🇨🇭

[@angelbaychev3507]

Great video as always! I have one question thou: in minute 15:50 you say "...Cyril and Methodius who are famous for evangelizing the Slavs and creating the cyrilic alphabet..." Now, can we check that again? They created the glagolic script (alphabet), based on which their students of the Preslav (Capital of the Bulgarian Czardom) literature school created the Cyrilic alphabet, which was namend in honor of Constantine Cyril the Philosopher It is for some a minor or non-existent difference, but for a Bulgarian it matters a lot It's enough that russians are Greeks are all the time claiming "We made the Cyrilic" ( : Thanks again and keep going with the amazing work you do!

[@theromanorder]

please do a video on these (this is a copy and paste list for a few channels) units and tactics/evaluation of loadouts of troops (from different jobs (and other branches) like the 82 snd 101 airborne units or infantry tank units, (or when tanks were assigned a infantry unit like i think earlier war Russia then all tanks were formed into there own units wich meant the infantry no longer knew the true strength of there own tanks but alowed tank units to fight more efficiently) the tank doctrine of countries evaluation of tank veiw ports evaluation of tanks/armored vehicles of different countries evaluation of aircraft types of different countries, different between navil and army/air force fighters logistics units of the axes and allied powers in ww2 ww1 estern front tactics Russian Civil war tactics and strategies navil ship cross sections (all the rooms and how it all works) evaluation of types of ships or evaluation of navil warfare (or just dedectsded videos on ww1 and ww2 navil doctrine as theres stuff out there on other times of history) air craft carrier strike group formations exsamples (from different countries) ancient persan ships, ancient veneti ships (gauls that fought ceaser) ships used by genoa and the vernesain republic the vernesain republic government all sailing ships, (i know theres many on yt but some contradict each other and i think theres more left out) 2b9 vasilyok morter tactics used so far in the Ukraine war, better for squads to be 2 teams of 5 or 3 teams of 3, and probably the easiest, better to keep troops well feed or starved like an animal how dose age effect comsnders eg napoleon got older so took less risks, ancient urban warfare ww2 tactics in Asia, tactics in the Chinese age of warlords, (and Chinese civil war) tactics in the ruso jap war cold war navil tactics, Korean war tactics, strange tactics or unque battles from the American war of independence and America civil how were 17th centry sailing ships build types of bombs lunched by drones comands given on sailing ships (like ease the sheets and get ready to chine, or slack n beases, basically things you hear movie capitns say) why did the nazis never return (or a video on best occupations) why did the Japanese empire fall, dont just say "America" like things like how there army and navy argued alot alot more on the Polynesians and māori, but please learn pronounceations if you do this

[@joetraders7476]

ChatGPT ahh opening

[@ComradeArthur]

If there's more information available, I'd love to see a more in depth look at the Silk Job.

[@forgeflarion8362]

Could you do a video on Simon Bolivar please?

[@yegirish]

Props to Arb Paninken for the fantastic artwork on this video!

[@Dunshad8020]

Can you make a video about abbasid Frankish alliance and also about alliance between byzentine empire and emirate/caliphate of cordoba.At the time cordoba and Constantinople were most prestigious cities so i think you should make a video on these four medieval states

[@andreastveranger1331]

Can you make a video about the battle of Mosul 2016-2017?

[@xenomorph3161]

Where was Gondor when the Eastern Empire fell?

[@lerneanlion]

During the reign of Caliph al-Mahdi, the Roman envoy named Tarath visited Baghdad on a diplomatic mission to convey his congratulations from Emperor Constantine V to the new Caliph for his ascension. From what I heard, Tarath was very pleased with how he was received by the Caliph to the point of constructing a mill for the Caliph himself. But in return, the Caliph granted him the profits it generated and the money generated from the mill he constructed kept being paid to Tarath until the Caliph died, even when the Romans and the Muslims were at wars with one another. What I am trying to say here is that if the envoys from Bulgaria, Georgia, Khanate of Khazars, Kievan Rus' and the Abbasid Caliphate can be amazed by the imperial court in Constantinople, can the same happened to the Roman envoys who visited these nations? After all, it happened to Tarath before. Or is Tarath just an exception here since Baghdad in itself is also a cultural and intellectual powerhouse that rivaled Constantinople too? P.S: Since when did embassies and permanent ambassadors become a thing according to history?

[@Kaiyanwang82]

I suppose that was a period in which albeit enemies the Romans and the Caliphate considered each others the only light surrounded by unwashed savages - with related comments ensuing.

[@ethanbrandon195]

I remember in another K&G video that the Byzantines would measure their respect for another power based on something like the quality of the stamps they'd use on official correspondence. Letters to the Caliphate or Khazars would be stamped gold while messages sent to European courts would have bronze stamping, for instance.

[@malusdarkblade1190]

Loving the byzantine videos keeper coming

[@BASPAPAZ]

Who Were the 'Byzantines'? The Byzantines were not a 'people' in any ethnic sense. If we con sider only Anatolia, the population had been thoroughly mixed for many centuries." Nor did an education in classicising Greek, such as was nor mal for Christians and pagans alike when Constantinople was founded, and which continued to be the badge of culture in Byzantium, carry any ethnic implications." In this sense advancement in Byzantium was open to anyone with the means to acquire the education in the first place and the necessary connections. This was an inheritance from the Roman Empire, which included Asia Minor and the other territory which came to be ruled from Constantinople. By the early third century AD there was no longer any formal distinction in the empire between citizens and the non-citizens who formed the population of conquered or assim ilated provinces; what mattered was not ethnicity or local background but shared culture, connections and status. Cameron, A., 2012. The Byzantines. Milton Keynes: Lightning Source, p.8.

[@user-rq2ly4bf1w]

You are talking about an Empire that has its origins in Rome. The 'Byzantines' dated the origin of their state all the way back to Augustus Caesar, not to Constantine. They knew that they were the Roman Empire and not some successor state..... Therefore, there is no such thing as a "Byzantine" except in the sense as a citizen of Constantinople, that is how the eastern Romans used the term, Byzantios, Βυζάντιος, meaning 'Byzantine'. The people of the Empire named themselves Ῥωμαῖος (Greek) or Romanus (Latin). It was a multi-ethnic state from the beginning, but you cannot separate it from its Greek vector, either. As time went on, the Roman Empire became ever more Hellenized. By the Empire's end, namely within the last 300 years of its life, the upper aristocratic class were much more open-minded towards accepting their Hellenic cultural past.

[@hristorusanov23]

Cyril and Methodius created the Glagolic alphabet. Their pupils created the Cyrillic alphabet in their honor in the First Bulgarian Empire.

[@peristeri1312]

biggest lie of the week.Cyrilus and Methodius were of greco-roman decent not Slavs.

[@inSainTed]

@@peristeri1312 What does one have to do with the other? Read about their work and their students' work. Specifically Naum of Preslav and Klement of Ohrid.

[@RichardEdwards40]

3:48 Its strange. The eastern border was more vulnerable but yet the Byzantines still chose to focus most of their attention on europe and neglected the east.

[@Holsp]

So no one's gonna mention the "They could do a little trolling" bit? :D 8:58

[@alfrancisbuada2591]

Hey guys can you do a video on Eastern Rome if it managed to reconquer the west. That'd be interesting.

[@MichaelGalt]

It has always bothered me that the Catholic Church and Western Europe abandoned the Byzantines to their fate. Had they provided support and sent supplies and troops... that whole region would be dramatically different.

[@OhioDan]

Not sacking Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade would have helped immensely too.

[@MichaelGalt]

@OhioDan Yes, that further blows my mind. I mean, Sunni and Shia are still fighting each other in modern times... but all the way up until at least 1700, Christians were quite happy to kill each other over their interpretation of the New Testament. Hopefully that doesn't mean that Sunnis and Shia will be fighting each other until 2200... since Islam came 500 - 600 years after the Christians.

[@peterpienczuk2664]

The subsidies no matter how well meant or effective should defiantly be seen as weakness

[@richestmanintatooine7131]

No one ever at any point in history called themselves Byzantine.

[@iVoid_N]

Cyril and Metodious didn't invent the Cyrillic alphabet. They invented the Glagolic alphabet, which was really complex and inefficient to write on. Their students in Bulgaria invented the Cyrillic as a significantly simplified version of the glagolic, closer to the Greek alphabet, and named it after their teacher Cyril - Cyrillic.

[@lorenzoo90]

Still this day the Byzantine empire haunt us

[@pul0y]

Wow! Imma try and RP my future CK3 Byzantine runs with more intrigue and diplomacy then.

[@generalkenobi9782]

“The greatest victory is the battle not fought.” -Jackie Chan Adventures

[@richbattaglia5350]

You can only do so much with espionage and diplomacy. I think these traits made Eastern Rome great. So how long can knowing things sustain a nation when the methods used to actively protect it fade? Those settlers were the buffer to the Arabs and when they either died or relocated, that buffer went with them.

[@vivecald-vehk6978]

Byzantine diplomacy really be like: "What Mars gives to others, Venus gives unto thee"

[@goldenfiberwheat238]

16:09 back then the bay east of Gdansk was a lagoon

[@bigsarge2085]

👍👍

[@davidhughes8357]

My favorite story of mind games is when Belisarius bluffed the Persian king's envoy with a bunch of super tough guys standing around him!!! LOL

[@zombieoverlord5173]

Interesting story. Not real history though

[@davidhughes8357]

You're absolutely certain then?

[@zombieoverlord5173]

@davidhughes8357 The reason the Persians left was the plaque. And the story of Belisariu's bluff just reeks of propaganda. There's no other source for why the Persians left but plague is a pretty good one no?

[@davidhughes8357]

Procopius wasn't there at the time . Probably just making stuff up . You are quite correct about the rumors of plague in the empire. We just dont have substantial proof of some incidents or motivations. Thanks for responding.

[@ethanbrandon195]

@@zombieoverlord5173 It is what Hannibal did though

[@jonathanwells223]

0:50 Jehovah: 🤦‍♂️

[@janlindtner305]

👍👍👍

[@georgepatton93]

The pen is mightier than a sword, unless the person holding the pen fails to pay the guy with the sword, then we have a problem

[@MrCrossTd]

Cyril and Methodius created the glagolitic alphabet. Their students created the cyrilic alphabet and named it that way to honor their teacher.

[@manimoradi66]

Hello, because your channel is a historical channel and you may look at the ancient times of Iran I suggest you to buy the book History of Ancient Iran by Sayan Publications Iranologists work methods And it will be released soon and available for purchase in Europe

[@vladimirboskovic]

is there chanell that does not refere to romans as byzantines

[@Rhosus]

Those Great Moravia borders are deadly............ 16:00 seriously, Nitra, one of the two core territories of Great Moravia, aka majority of today's western half of Slovakia, is south of the Carpathian mountains, you cut like half of Great Moravia off, not to mention making U. Panonia reach north beyond the Danube... which it also most likely did not around the Morava river. (Let's not even get into gigaBulgaria inside the Pannonian basin at this point in time, please don't use crusader kings 3 map)

[@rjofusetsudzin8011]

Any borders during that time are absolutely uncertain and were everchanging. Great Moravia in particular. At the end of the day its our general estimate not how things really were back then. And without satelites, proper research even cartographs couldnt get it right back then. As long as we are not having Abbasid Caliphate in Scandinavia we are good. This is for me in acceptable distance.

[@Rhosus]

@@rjofusetsudzin8011 "uncertain and everchanging" I mean yes, doesn't change the fact that Great Moravia as we call it today was composed of core territories of Moravia and Nitra (Bohemia was more of a side thing) and Nitra was and still IS south of the Carpathian mountains (look at Slovakia please, seriously) so if the map portrays the Carpathian mountains, it should care to adjust the realities of colored regions to reflect it, it's like putting Lombardy somewhere inside Bavaria rather than in Italy. As for the bit with satellites... what even is your point? We use satellite maps today to portray historical realities because we have such tools, the source and materials that fuel them have nothing to do with people in the past not having satellites. "Proper research" is done on the ground and then you apply it to the map, not the other way around.

[@rjofusetsudzin8011]

@@Rhosus Nobody will waste soldiers or people to do proper research on the ground in the time where there are more important things in highly dangerous territory. Even then there is limit how much accurate map can we if you have only that POV on the rock. And Grand Moravia and its core territories is describe by uncertain sources since almost nothing about Grand Moravia from the Grand Moravia itself was left. So all the borders will be just guess. Setting aside there was no border control back then. Thats why you have fortified cities and villages. Any controlls were done there and at castles. Nobody was guarding the line which would be even impossible at time.

[@Rhosus]

As you clearly haven't read my comment I'm seriously thinking whether I should even write more but very well. I am talking about making a map in modern day and age with information we posses in modern day and age, aka archeological sites and what we know from chronicles or other written sources. I am NOT talking about how people traveled or viewed their lands in the past or how scouting and control was done nor what was perceived as a border Great Moravia formed by unification of Moravia and Nitra. Historical Nitra is majority of modern day western half of Slovakia, which is located entirely south of the Carpathian mountains, in geographical terms even with your mentioned shaky borders it was a land between the Danube in the south and the Carpathians in the north and northwest where it neighbored Moravia, while Moravia was a land around the Morava river between the Danube in the south and the Sudeten mountain ranges in the north and west, bordering Nitra on the southeast with Carpathian mountains to it's east Not respecting that fact on a map that has Carpathian mountains on it is just silly Or do you think that a map of Holy Roman Empire shouldn't have northern Italy on it because it's south of the Alps?

[@BasileiaRomaionHistory]

Basileia Romaion

[@aspacelex]

Kyivan Rus' wasn't a potential threat to Byzantium, they raided it often.

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Sadly, East Roman hard power would decline terminally.

[@user-rq2ly4bf1w]

Such is the fate of all states. No empire in history has ever lasted forever. The eastern Roman culture and legacy still continues to live on, though. Just take a look at the influence it has on Russia, even Turkey itself that can claim to be its conqueror is heavily marked by the eastern Roman past.

[@ThatWeldingGamer]

KZbin monetization might be inconsistent but then again KZbin wasn't meant to be a job sooooo

[@theawesomeman9821]

So did medieval diplomats have special immunity from being arrested in another diplomatic country?

[@BASPAPAZ]

And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century

[@sonofnothing2714]

The world Hellene never meant pagan. The world for pagans was Ethnikoi ,a word that means national in Greek.

[@roostersrealm1554]

Comment 🎉

[@alexor081]

😮Why do you call it Eastern Roman Empire? Byzantium has to do with the Capital and the Byzantines were Orthodox Greek. That's why it's a good name that reflects the originality. They knew they were Greek just the name Hellene wasn't used. When Chalramagne, the western Emperor was crown the Roman heir, the Byzantine emperor was considered emperor or King of Constantinople (imperator, rex Constantinopolitanus) his empire was called Kingdom of the Greeks (regnum Graecorum). Latin wasn't used as much the same way Greek was forgotten in Italy. The split of the two churches is also a good indicator of two empires going their own route but especially in the Meso-Byzantine era.

[@MrLantean]

That's because it is the eastern half of the old Roman Empire. The term Byzantine Empire is used to distinguish it from the old Roman Empire and the term Byzantine is coined during the Renaissance. The term Byzantine is derived from Byzantium, the old name for Constantinople before Emperor Constantine chooses it as the new capital of the Roman Empire. Emperor Heraclius changed the official language from Latin to Greek. Although Latin is the official language of the Roman Empire, Koine Greek is the common language. Roman elites were educated in Greek classics and were well versed in Classical Greek. In the eastern Mediterranean, Koine Greek was the local common language. Thus, it was practical for Heraclius to use Greek as the official language instead of Latin. Throughout its history, it is the Roman Empire and even its Muslim allies and adversaries called Rum. Only the West refused to acknowledge it as Roman Empire and preferred to call it Empire of the Greeks. East and West had diverged from each other culturally and politically. Power struggle between the Pope in Rome and the Emperor in Constantinople is one of the factors for the friction between east and west. Both the Pope and the Emperor believe themselves as the head of the church which led to conflicts between them. When Charlemagne was crowed Emperor of the Romans by the Pope, this was seen as a challenge to the Roman Emperor at Constantinople. The final schism between East and West occurred in 1054 when both the Pope and the Patriarch excommunicated each other led to the separation of East and West.

[@alexor081]

@@MrLantean They didn't say Rum, they said Ρωμιοί even Ρωμανοί that's why I'm saying this indicator in English describes Βασιλεία των Ρωμαίων (as the Byzantines called themselves) poorer. Βασιλεία των Ρωμαίων means Kingdom of the Romans directly in English when it's a different in the Greek dialect of the time to when they wrote Kingdom to mean Empire. But the English language doesn't reflect that. That's why Byzantines (a real name that was always in Minor Asia) helps.