Epigenetics: Nature vs nurture

A short movie which describes why the identical twins Lucky Lyle and Troubled Tim end up with totally different personalities. Is it environment or genetics? Or perhaps both?
www.med.uio.no
Project leader: Ellen Wikenius
Academic supervisor: Dag Undlien
Script: Birger Sætre and Kelly Neal
Production: Trist og traurig
Directed by: Henrik Dyb Zwart and Tarjei Tandstad
Voiceover: Lars Sundsbø

[@Byrnzy]

"High licking rat mother." a sentence I never thought I would hear

[@brandyparlee8435]

High lickers

[@hagenfarrell]

That last sentence is pure gold. Our choices can make real differences in how we develop as human beings. People really can change, even down to a biological level, and over time its as if they have become completely new people. That can go either way, good or bad. Depending on your choices.

[@my-lady-greensleeves5831]

"What makes a good rat mama?" This is my new favourite quote.

[@svakjan6076]

mine too XD

[@darkultra]

You can't help who you are, but you can decide what you become then?

[@DogeFrom2014]

Yes

[@lauryngammel6761]

Everything is your choice people can’t force you to do things it may seem like it but it’s your life and it’s who you are

[@miranx5735]

can anyone explain what "bidirectional" means?

[@MsAlex0201]

@@miranx5735 Bi basically means two, so two-directional aka. works both ways/directions

[@beelight1407]

Well, I guess what we decide also comes from nurture which is our lifestyle+environment and experience and I think that eventually links to our genotypic expression. Development happens in presence of environment so I think we can't separate who we are to the choices we make. and I believe that 'we can decide what we become' is more of a motivational philosophical quote and it certainly helps as again (environment+lifestyle). But hey I can be wrong its just my opinion.

[@Joy-yu6jw]

“What makes a good rat mámá?” 😂😂😂

[@thehippo_]

Ashley Joy Make me your rat papa. 😜

[@raisa_cherry33]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@krystalthomas7247]

😂 😂 😂

[@nickysancheeks28]

I LAUGHED SOOO HARD

[@robertrichards6477]

lol

[@nicksonkipkemoi5]

Interesting and thought-provoking video! It's fascinating to see how twin brothers can have such differing personalities. The debate of nature vs. nurture is ongoing, and this video provides a great perspective on environmental and genetic factors influencing an individual's personality. I enjoyed working on this video as part of my assignment.

[@marizavanderkroft3575]

I've seen multiple videos on this subject, but I've never fully understood it until your video. Really amazing, thanks!

[@papadakoskid]

Wow! Just wow! I love the way this video explains nature vs nurture! Keep up the good work!

[@josannemurray1282]

I am Psychology student, and this video was very informative. Thank you

[@nadayacross1613]

Hello, I work for Texas Woman's University in the Disability Services for Students office. One of our professors is using the following video as a part of their curriculum. Can you either upload accurate captions to this video to make them accessible to Deaf and Hard of Hearing people viewing the video, or will you give me permission to caption the video so that we can get this video captioned before the start of the fall semester? We are not able to use the auto-generated captions as they are not compliant with our accessibility laws under the ADA, Americans with Disabilities Act. Thank you

[@uio-detmedisinskefakultet4242]

Dear Nadaya, please make a suggested caption, and we will approve it if it fits our standards. Best regards, Faculty of medicine, University of Oslo :)

[@ncg8224]

Hi, You sound hidiously entitled, if you are a university, make your own.

[@Dream-Academy]

@@uio-detmedisinskefakultet4242 they meant subtitles which it seems are active now.

[@jerrysmiths9140]

I've been adopted and now grown up and I can say it's a beautiful blend of both!

[@Fascistbeast]

We are always being influenced by people,genes,circumstances etc It's our choice how we respond and our attitude 👍

[@franciscastro3286]

its not just friends and family, its Your environment in general. You don't have a killing gene.

[@lauryngammel6761]

You are correct I’m always being influenced by my parents, friends, coaches whatever and they make me into the person I am today

[@dr.curiousinsearch4knowled898]

For the most part, It's not our choice. The choice belongs to the life we are blessed or cursed with. That is were our response and attitudes come from. Lauryn -- Thank chance or God that you are blessed with great role models because many people are not so lucky..

[@haleyhutchinson9353]

Not necessarily. If you witness your father abusing your mother and not talk about it ever. That anger you have to your father will come out at the worst moments

[@nadinenettleingham2985]

I feel it could be more complicated than that. For example neurodivergence would make decision making rationally difficult/impossible. I don’t think it’s always this straight forward

[@paulMcGlothin]

Bravo--Excellent , easy-to-understand video! Especially glad you mentioned DNA methylation.

[@hlangananigrace1625]

Bravo

[@minhphuonguyennguyen3303]

Great visualization. Thanks a lot for your effort making this clip ^^

[@spencer1980]

Nature determines a lot. Temperament, taste, personality, quite a bit. Virtue, honor, morality, those are taught.

[@M4NDOL4NDO]

Great work on this video. Epigenetics might not sound very easy at first glance, but this video really makes it clear. Thanks!

[@kellymessol1536]

Fascinating. I now wonder just how much our genes differ in themselves, as opposed to their expression. Do we all objectively have the same genetic potential, and the determining factor of how much of that potential is utilized is through our decisions?

[@luicifiero]

In the case of Body Building, yes it does. Genetics determine how big or how swollen certain parts of your body can be whether it be body composition, arms, legs, back and etc.

[@AndrewTominac]

@@luicifiero could that also be influenced by diet or even hormonal differences caused by environmental factors?

[@Leotique]

not our environment made us, but the things we've experienced and the choices we've made

[@PouyaIranitalab]

what an amazing presentation thank you so much !

[@dinaacademy8109]

That's interesting and i have spent time reading and find out which is more influential. thanks

[@jataviouscampbell7931]

A strong mind comes with the will to overcome adverse situations

[@paulhe3268]

I like the mouse mother licking experiment because it is interesting to know that our genes could be changed postnatally, and I think our genes can also be changed during our infancy.

[@jillmarjeanwagner]

Thanks, this was really helpful. The narrator has such a pleasant accent!

[@breathecosmosicblip]

This left me speechless ♥️ Brilliant job making this guys

[@Save.Palestine.]

Best explanation of epigenetics. I'd been looking forward for it but couldn't find any effective video. This one is perfect!

[@nickmorrison921]

Great video, thanks for posting

[@gcbicca]

Very good explanation about epigenetics! Thanks so much!

[@ellesharlene9808]

I like how you explain it

[@DawnaJones_Evolution]

A great video that explains the importance of your environment and your emotional states... Thanks..

[@mariemac5347]

Fascinating! Thank you

[@ELILevel3]

I was so excited to share this with a class I teach for deaf/hard of hearing college students-however the auto-generated captions have too many errors and so I can't (several times it substitutes "rant" for rat which as you can imagine is very confusing). Please let me know when you make this video accessible and I'll add it to my lecture, with full credit of course :)

[@DavidHernandez-fs9sj]

That was so great! Thank you so much

[@Wappapappa111]

David Hernandez you're welcome

[@js.4383]

amazing video! could you site the sources, i´m especially interested in the research paper about the L&G Rats?

[@mikaelaluna3353]

As truthful as this is, I think we need to highlight the importance of neuroplasticity and understanding the reality that if we did grow up with "low-licking rat mothers," or, an environment lacking nurture and rather exposing neglect, we can become are of this and change the course of our future so it is a positive one. So even if we experienced trauma and neglect while young, we still have power to create new neural pathways in the brain even as adults and heal our trauma and create good lives for ourselves. The issue with this concept is there are countless amounts of children who are experiencing neglect, abuse, and trauma, and for them to see this video as an adult is probably going to be unsettling, especially if they do not have a degree, etc. It can make them feel hopeless. So we have to then look at the lives of highly successful people, who did experience extreme neglect and trauma, and what makes them different. It is also important to understand what we can do to support children who are growing up in a household of neglect, to ensure that they can change their own lives and create something better for themselves.

[@TiredHumanBeing]

Very Informative thank you!

[@boltonresearch44]

This video is very informative! Thanks

[@SageGaming100]

2/10 not enough rat licking

[@sarasapiensoto2226]

Omg this is so beautiful!!!!!!

[@OtabekHoshimov_]

Animation of this video is very interesting and educational, thank you for sharing!

[@Acts-1322]

Fantastic info thank you!

[@Alzter0]

Can we get a source list on this please?

[@GamerzShit]

So what is the conclusion? If the environnement determines wether a gene is expressed or not, here the mother that licks (environnement) causes the baby (gene) to lick (expression of gene), then isn't everything nurture? Sure the genes are the building blocks, but if the environnement decides which ones are used and which one aren't then can we really say nature is the determining factor here?

[@sp-gw7zl]

This explains a lot 😊

[@jamesferry5709]

As I interpret it, it seems that the way a mother(and father) behaves with the offspring genetically changes the behaviour of the offspring - in other words- nurture

[@manspider1833]

Can someone link the michael meaney research?

[@whoasked6147]

Thank you! I hope i get a high score in my test tomorrow❤❤

[@fittech5370]

Nature+Nurture=balance ❤

[@lanzraven6764]

So, it's saying that genetics can be physically altered by the environment. But that environment is dependent on the genetics before it, i.e. the high licking mother had to have the exact same environment, therefore, genetics are dependent on the environment and vice versa. Anybody realise that? Also, does anybody realise that most important things come in two's? Like night and day, good and bad, men and women? None can exist without the other.

[@krystalthomas7247]

No hun. Its saying that behavior is influenced by genes AND environment - not just one of the other. It definitely leaves room for debate.

[@lanzraven6764]

@@krystalthomas7247 i was talking about GENES, not behaviour. But that is true what you were saying.

[@craetydonutkey1348]

It was just an example. It could have been the other around.

[@stevedoetsch]

You have an independent mind, meaning, you observe patterns not directly taught to you. Yes, I see your point about the pairs in nature, and it's clear you recognize the pattern not only in biology but in other areas, like the cycles of night and day. Do you recognize that these designs must have had a designer? If you see a painting do you recognize there must have been a painter?

[@aishawilliams3504]

I noticed that too. I'm trying to differentiate between nature and nurture but when it said that your environment can affect your biology it had me stumped.

[@VALR1able]

Is there a transcript for this video? Would greatly appreciate it.

[@kristinbhle2770]

Flott animasjonsfilm med godt innhold! Kan dere åpne for nedlasting og teksting på norsk?

[@myroseaccount]

Which shows the importance of environment and nuture.

[@abram730]

The offspring of low licking rat mothers have high rates of hypertension(high blood pressure), heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and are very aggressive, violent and are antisocial. Think of how much that costs human society. The poor in the US mistreat their offspring and brag about it. Look at the medical, prison, and social costs.

[@steakyhumus5628]

This was so so helpful, thank you!! The Mama rats were soooo cutee

[@WAKEUPARTIST]

So a gene's genetic potential is always defined and constant while only the expression is variable and contingent on environmental triggers? And what is responsible for interpreting the response to the triggers as positive or negative once certain behaviors transcend basic survival? Can a rat from a high licking parent actually interpret the licking in a negative way whereby it develops an aversion to licking that in turn causes it to become a low licking parent?

[@mariapetre6535]

Great video!

[@user-is3yn7xr4c]

Ultimately, the Environmental affects literally transforms the psychosocial and neurophysiological biology of humans in a specific society.

[@MrStifleras]

very good explanation!

[@ariel3667]

Someone have the link to the article??

[@hayaa.6545]

Best video i watched about epigenetics

[@Strebmal1]

Just brilliant and beautiful. Fabulous intro to the mechanics of Epigenetics that even I can understand. Perhaps all those DNA sequences that are supposedly redundant maybe not so redundant after all. Take an entirely different environment like space or Mars and what might crawl out of the woodwork (or DNA)? I'm a complete amatuer I know, but hey its these sort of mental flights of fancy that help my glass(es) of wine go down.

[@liamwlynch2485]

thanks so much :)

[@EmeranceLN13]

Thank you for this video, about to use it for 8th graders.

[@BayaniMagtanggol]

but the question is can you still change after living a bad life?

[@farehafasif1182]

loved it!

[@partlysunnydk]

Tim doesn't pay taxes...still hope for Tim:)His Epi Geno must be repairing..

[@knutalbertsolem3993]

Denne er flott - men hva med en norsk utgave?

[@lroer]

Hva med norsk teksting? Forøvrig veldig bra.

[@heikake1234]

How do i cite this video?

[@Wappapappa111]

Amazing matie

[@panxitoo2769]

good video, the epigenetics is awesome!

[@jayanthijaiaraman9324]

Wow!!

[@MaratibAliShad]

From this video - it is clearly impression that nurturing is more important which can impact on genes. But being success Coach I do believe that third thing of power of choices which comes from your conscience, emotions, body and mental intelligence, make your destiny.

[@johnisaacfelipe6357]

Maratib Ali Shad but isn't your concsience, emotions, body, and mental intelligences are all just products of genetics

[@MaratibAliShad]

John Isaac Felipe all higher forms of conscience, body, mind and emotions are not products of the genes.

[@johnisaacfelipe6357]

well they are, everything about yourself is produced by your genes, you likes, dislikes, your habits, and the areas of comfortability are all results of your genes expressing itself. it can only be suppressed or enhanced by the environment you are in. its silly to think that evolution has contributed heavily in the polymorphism of our species in all manners of physical attributes except the brain as if the brain isn't a physical thing. especially when the brain is the most important organ and thus recieve the most fine tuning (which is supported by the dominance in the number of transferable alleles that designates the creation of the mind compared to any part of the body). if you were born a psychopath, you are a psychopath, if you were born a savant, you are a savant, if you were born as a genius, then you are a genius, all the environment does to you is that it determines to what extent is your psychological and mental alleles are expressed.

[@MaratibAliShad]

if this is true what you say than power of chice is also determinded by Genes? Great decisions made by man in history were result of only genes not spiriutal connections to make power of choice?

[@johnisaacfelipe6357]

Maratib Ali Shad most likely. I'm not saying that each of your decision was fated to happen due to your genetics, but your decisions are actually heavily influenced by it.

[@amazing384]

Sources??

[@davoudderogar]

wow. this is so awesome. I am so grateful for the valuable information, so this for sure tell us that there is no excuse that we can not cure any neurological dis-eases. By finding a way to change the nature we can change nature. So is there any way to study this in more detail please what book or info would be good resources to read. I love the narrator voice and fluency too. I have helped many people with hypnotherapy and now know why it works, when you change the belief or behavior(nurture) you can change nature. I hate it when scientists say there is no cure or diseases are neurological, BUT THEY DO NOT REASE THAT ENVIRONMENT CAN CHANGE THE NEUROLOGY. THEY LOOK AT ONE ASPECT AND NOT BOTH. THANK YOU.

[@rushi6130]

okay, so from the research I have gathered, not every trait can be influenced by genetics, such as lets say the way you look. Your environment will have a very minimal impact on the way you will look because your phenotype is largely genetics. However there are some traits that can be influenced by the environment and are found in your "epigenome" I think a lot more research needs to be done in this field to figure this out.

[@ExtensofacasBr]

Big pharma

[@derekkwasisenamnutsugah8738]

Please, is this related to Charles Darwin's theory of Natural selection. That's Nature vs Nurture debate?

[@paradiseb5950]

i think the knowledge and social construct is what we teach the kids but such things as sexuality, agressiveness,etc. are all in our genes

[@RafaelMEIRELES]

Interesting!

[@BITTU123100]

Smoke is not good for greatly affect in your love and with changes with DNA level and happened with epigenetic changes.

[@joset01]

This video does not explain epigetics right. It does not permit such a radical changes, especially during your lifetime. Its most profund effect occurs in wonb and silencing some genes does not change your personal traits as shown in the video.

[@unknown-10k]

sources please ??

[@lili-yz1wb]

👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼

[@cyberdimi1100]

I think you made a mistake: you said that nature is our genes and nurture our environment. Have I understood something wrong?

[@henrikwiik7639]

Hei, det er faktisk feil at Kirken som institusjon har hevdet at jorda er flat som dere viser med illustrasjon 1:08. Kirken styrte universitetene i middelalderen, og pensumet var at jorda var rund. At kirken hevdet at jorda var flat kommer antakeligvis fra at noen var misunnelige på Kirkas innflytelse. Ellers en bra video.

[@GreyException]

People who think of it as "nature OR nurture" are stuck in dichotomous thinking

[@stevedoetsch]

Omg, dichotomous is a real word, I checked.

[@Lifewithpradip]

Brilliant

[@volcommadness]

Nature vs nurture lodge, nature always wins

[@minecraftrotisseriechicken]

Sounds like a miserable existence to live under predetermination.

[@TBDguitar]

"Dove right into the brains of the rats.." uh oh

[@marthavitustversted9328]

Does anyone know which article this video is based on?

[@santoroy2120]

Who else came from “three identical strangers”?

[@johnrobertson7231]

It is not necessary to study rats when there are studies of human twins and adoptees around that can yield relevant conclusions. The DNA revolution has made DNA personal by giving us the power to predict our psychological strengths and weaknesses from birth. A century of genetic research shows that DNA differences inherited from our parents are the consistent life-long sources of our psychological individuality―the blueprint that makes us who we are. Longitudinal studies of twins and adoptees have been going on for almost 50 years. Genetics explains more of the psychological differences among people than all other factors combined. Genetics accounts for fifty percent of psychological differences―not just mental health and school achievement but all psychological traits, from personality to intellectual abilities. Nature, not nurture is what makes us who we are. These studies lead to some some provocative conclusions ―among them that parenting styles don't really affect children's outcomes once genetics is taken into effect; unless you are a rat it seems.

[@return2innocence221]

Very interesting, so are genes are important but actually love (and lots of licking!) Can physically alter our genes... WOW

[@abram730]

Yes, crime, and evil could prevented. They could even be medically fix. People used to say "What's wrong, didn't your mother love you?" But then poisons got involved and we didn't know for sure if the mother was the cause.

[@lauryngammel6761]

- I believe that who we become is by the way we were raised just like the licking example they were taught not by genetics - I don’t think who we are is by genetics because I’m nothing like my parents they weren’t athletes but I am - my side is nurture like in the Wes Moore book the other Wes was a troublesome kid because he had an alcoholic father that he learned from and didn’t go to a great school while the author Wes did and the author Wes went to a private school and he turned out better and not in prison

[@lessthanaminute6726]

Wow that was good

[@jimsourdif2374]

The fundamental premise of this video is flawed. Research has repeatedly shown that twins raised in different environments have similar outcomes and similar personalities. Clearly how a person turns out is a combination of genetics and environment, that is hardly some profound statement. However there is a reductionist sense of environment presented here. Positive and negative environments are presented as overt, obvious, and directly influential. This isn't the case in real life. There is an old Chinese proverb that wealth skips a generation. This is based on the fact that often people who develop in soft environments become soft and people who develop in hard environments become hard. However being hard or soft isn't expressed in "going to school" or "becoming a criminal", that is not the way an environment shapes someone. For example, one of the most important factors in determining a persons social success is their innate ambition. This is a psychological trait that is highly inheritable but tends to express quite differently depending on environment. Ambition tends to target levels of comfort and lifestyle rather then the "naked unlimited ambition", often presented. What that means is that two twins born in radically different environments tend to target the same social and economic strata as indicators of personal success. Research is fairly conclusive on this point and the outcomes of studies on separated twins strongly support it.

[@kayess718]

I was thinking of confirmation bias as I watched this video as well......

[@xanderguldie]

This is total bs, show me something to support your claim. Also in the video they explicitly say that it's a combination of the two. And there is no doubt about in as far as I'm concerned.

[@robertbowen5506]

I would recommend a film called Identical Strangers, a documentary about a longtitudinal study of triplets who were intentionally separated and raised by different families in different socioeconimic groups. Highly unethical study, and with very different outcomes than previous studies have indicated. The video is accurate to a point, for more information read Not By Genes alone, Richicherson & Boyd, 2005.

[@Ina-hh9nv]

research has shown that twins do have similar outcomes, but in cases in which they do not it is because of the impact of the environment which triggers the whole epigenetic process to occur. The video isn't wrong it's simply explaining why some twins may not have a similar outcome, if the environment is drastically different and at the end of two different spectrums then it's more likely the outcomes would be different as well due to epigenetics.

[@GoldKunai]

Jim Sourdif it was using the twins as a gimmick in the video not the main point you have failed to understand their argument, and based your opposition on a fallacy. You are fundamentally flawed

[@slashbash25]

if nurture is so strong it can modify nature then does nurture not win ?

[@getshuffled]

2:25 memetics

[@fatimav441]

Huh?

[@sopeish3147]

👍

[@marymireles6967]

testerone versus tiarias

[@imawarrior313]

My mother was abused by my grandmother with lack of love and affection .. This made her an animal .. A monster .. A person you'd only meet in your scariest nightmare .. She served me the same shit .. I was hugely affected by this but overcame it in my early 20's .. An year ago i was put forcefully in an environment in which i was stuck with her and her god awful negativity for about a whole year .. Now i have so much pain inside me and i have become to a large extent a very bitter and vengeful person .. Now im afraid that this experience might make me serve the same misery to my children subconsciously.. God forbid .. I just wanna let all this out and become the happy Alpha jolly dominant me again .. What can i do?

[@SornasChopper]

I'm not expert or knowing dude in this topic, but from what I've listen to, my opinion is that you can try to change your behavior by adopting new habits, in this example, try to learn and pratice to be more positive and to see every side of the coin, if I make myself understand. Good luck and best wishes to your improvement

[@imawarrior313]

Diogo Sornas thank you very much i will do that in sha allah .. Im moving out soon

[@SornasChopper]

@@imawarrior313I'm sure it will go all well!!

[@imawarrior313]

Diogo Sornas thank you so much and god bless you!

[@OdinTheAllfather-su2zk]

I'm also not too well versed in epigenetics, but I can give you a story about someone I personally know who went through something similar, and what happened to him that changed him forever. This man had a mentally disabled mother, and a good father, up until this man who was then a boy, turned 10. At 10 his good father abandoned him and his mother. His mother married another, but this person, was a dragon in sheep's clothing. This dragon beat the 10 year old boy, not only beat, but literally tortured him. By the time the boy turned 15, he witnessed his monster of a stepfather rape and kill one of his two only friends. The boy turned the rapist in, and was finally free. See the boys stepfather turned the boy into a trouble maker. Constantly fighting, swearing and hurting others. Once his torturer was gone, he had an identity crisis. His mother wasn't fit for work so he took on the responsibility for providing for the remains of his family. He turned into a working man by age 17. His rage quelled by liquor. He got his booze however he could, and quickly became an alcoholic, at just 17. It helped him forget his past, but dulled his creative mind, cursing him to be but a grunt on the walk of life. By age 19, he found a woman who changed his life. This woman eased pain booze could not, so, he married her 2 weeks after they first met. He would spend the next 14 years, working, drinking, and spending time with his wife. The rage he had was just a relic of a by gone age. He still could feel the pain of his past, not even his wife nor his job could nullify it. By age 33 his wife gave him his eldest son. His son, was the painkiller he was searching for. He made a vow to stop his excessive drinking. He wanted to give his son the childhood he dreamed of when he was a boy. A year later his youngest son came to him. After leaving drink behind he became successful in his workplace, and a very caring husband and father. A few years later tragedy struck him. He had an accident and became disabled. Year by year the nerves in his body slowly die. Leaving him in constant physical pain. But even his defeated body could not break his spirit. He became an even more loving husband and father, and this love spread even outside of his family and into others. Today he has found peace in fishkeeping, family and friends, and his cars. He went from a drunken thug to a father of the whole neighborhood. He did this by keeping his eyes on the road ahead, and finding someone who could help him, then to building a new life of his own. He still bares the scars of his past, and sometimes he can still feel the pain, but always tries to keep himself busy. He spends less time thinking, and more time acting. Hopefully his story shows you that there is always hope, you just have to take life, one step at a time.

[@Nick-ft4dk]

Who else coming from BYU?

[@brih9613]

ayyyy me

[@ahmedajabi2654]

genes can change, its called epigenetic!

[@Leotique]

jeans ? ohhh genes.

[@dj_neon_delta2897]

like if youre watching this because you have to catch up on missing a week of school 🔥🔥🔥