Nitrate from Ammonia using Air?

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

Also, I've already shamlessly promoted it here, but this band I'm in is putting out a new EP tomorrow, so check us out in Spotify if you're looking for new music to listen to: open.spotify.com/artist/3mpSF8RDzaTvalpWQIL1pC?si=h7GUUBpNRzOKyGYgi6ieug Or on Bandcamp: cameramenband.bandcamp.com/releases

[@joeydubbs763]

"What thing have I spent the most time on for the least rewards"?.... This video comes to mind. 🤔

[@franglish9265]

What part are you playing?

[@williamackerson_chemist]

It was very experimental for sure... I got a lot of garage-band / post-hardcore punk / Jazz? I don't know, it was hard to classify, but I really like "Dance Dance Dance" and "Drunken Serenade." But seriously that ozone generator though.... *cough cough*

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

@@franglish9265 I play piano, synth and sax in the band :)

[@R4nd0mScience]

really nice musik, gotta say

[@opbrah]

I spent 1.5 years trying to get a CRISPR system to work in a type of Cyanobacteria but kept getting really weird results with the clones. One test would show the clones have the edits I was after and after a few days in culture the edit was cured. Turns out after some work quantifying the number of genomes in the cells we found that the little shits had upwards of ~50 partial copies of the chromosome meaning that we were making edits on only a handful of copies, but whenever the copies would segregate into daughter cells there were ones without any edit which would just outcompete the edited version in culture. Moral of the story; stay away from the unholy life sciences, there’s too much bad juju here.

[@wn9500]

Ah yes, non model organisms. The one thing I won’t work with. Well, that and physicists.

[@KallePihlajasaari]

Can you splice the Ivermectin producing bacteria gene into a Ginseng root? You can call it tree of life root. Yeah, not quite that easy but nice idea.

[@petevenuti7355]

Is that really what you do?

[@griffingibson4389]

What if you edited the bacteria to produce a green dye or something to allow you to crop out the desireable bacteria in the petri dish? Then you could selectively breed the bacteria without fear of the other bacteria out competing.

[@MrMilarepa108]

@@wn9500 and those godawful yellow things

[@piranha031091]

Wanna hear about my failures? My thesis is on titanium dioxide surface chemistry (finally writing up now!). My first batch of syntheses were done using some "titanium oxychloride" (really more of a Ti4+ aqueous solution with a varying number of chlorides in the Ti coordination sphere) that we had gotten from industrial partners. Turned out to be contaminated with vanadium, TiO2 turned green upon reduction. Throw away, start over. This time make the starting solution yourself by hydrolyzing TiCl4. (A pain in the ass of a reaction, took me a few tries to get the hang of it...). I must have then spent over a year trying to remove fluorides from the surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. We used fluorides in our synthesis to control their growth and the resulting morphology. Turns out you can't remove said fluorides without destroying said morphology. (Contrary to what had been published in the literature so far). Ended up studying the chemistry of the fluorinated surface instead. (A *lot* harder, and far from what we were hoping to get) I also spent months grafting vanadium on the surface of those particles, and doing all sorts of characterizations of the surface vanadium species, to then hand them to someone who would test their catalytic activity for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane. I did so because initial results showed great selectivity to propene. Initial results were due to an improper setting on the GC. My material had been sh*t all along. Oh, and have I mentioned grafting nickel complexes on the TiO2? I first tried it with diallylnickel. It's air sensitive, you have to synthesize it yourself (nickel chloride and allylmagnesium chloride). And keep it below -40°C, or it will decompose. (Hence why you can't buy it) After multiple failed attempts where I ran out of dry ice halfway through the days-long process, and almost froze off a couple of my fingers by spilling some acetone/dry ice from a dewar on my hands (no Leidenfrost effect to save you here! The skin turned paper-white from frost... lost all feeling of touch for a few days), it turned out diallyl nickel simply destroyed TiO2. (It reduces it to some amorphous, non-stoichiometric oxide, instead of just grafting on the surface hydroxyls) So I switched to different, less reactive nickel complexes, like the ones NiBr2 makes in acetonitrile and dimethoxyethane. (Of course, this being surface organometallic chemistry, everything has to be done under perfectly air and water-free conditions, so as not to soak your oxide surface in moisture. So, Na/K drying, everything handled on a schlenk line, high vacuum line, or glove box, etc...) They did graft on the surface. But they did none of the subsequent chemistry we intended to use them for! So, good for the trashcan too. And now I'm trying to get a thesis out of it. And panicking. And procrastinating on youtube instead of writing... (Thankfully, I did have _some_ success when grafting platinum. But it's not yet published, so shush! ^^)

[@posysajrazdwatrzy]

I feel bad for laughing but damn that's some thorough and dedicated research. Sometimes negative results are valuable results just as much. Good luck with the writing.

[@jeffy1161]

I feel that struggle. My uni research is making nanoparticle ligands, such a shitshow.

[@AguaFluorida]

I was once attempting to make the addition product of fluorene and acetophenone using fluorenyl lithium at 77K. I recovered fluorene in nearly quantitative yield. Only afterwards did it occur to me that acetophenone is acidic enough to protonate fluorenyl anions. While my synthesis scheme was clearly rubbish, I can at least feel vindicated in the quality of my work-up. In a curious parallel to the preceding posts, the (erstwhile) fluorenylmethanol derivative would have been used as a chelating ligand in a titanocene complex for the polymerisation of alkenes such as propene, butene and pentene. I managed not to spill liquid nitrogen on myself, but the time I got sprayed with butyl lithium solution when the cannula popped out of the rubber septum was pretty scary. Good job it was only 1M, had it been much stronger I'd have been toast.

[@AnKangaru6005]

@@posysajrazdwatrzy lol make your thesis about how lame titanium dioxide surface chemistry really is

[@elnombre91]

A PhD thesis (ideally) shouldn't come with buckets of failure, but often does. I had 2 years of failed results in mine that made up about 5 pages in 1 chapter. Good luck with writing up!

[@WTB1327]

I’ve tried in the past, to make nitrocellulose 36 times before getting it right. And it turns out that I might have gotten it right all those times, because when I fluffed up my old runs a bit more, it lit perfectly fine. 36 times bro.

[@elephystry]

That stuff’s hard to dry.

[@alfredorotondo]

Now mix that with glycerin

[@RobBoss757]

I feel the pain behind your statement sir. Though I'm a electric fucker arounder and do not understand 💯%. I felt.

[@crinkly.love-stick]

@@RobBoss757 my grandfather used to say, "I once thought I was imperfect, but I was mistaken"

[@tsclly2377]

@@elephystry mix it into acetone at only 5-10%.. you can actually buy it off of Amazon if you want the real dope coating.. now do realize that dope is only nitrated up to around 10- 11% N instead of the 12% so it does not readily 'burst'... and it is noted that a dope coating never really dries, thus is 'self-healing' from scratches. I'm not going to go into doped fabric as doping is used in restoring furniture and guitar finishes.

[@SomnolentFudge]

I don't think that the transformer is damaged at all, I think the black stuff is just an insulating goop that is commonly used in high voltage circuits.

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

I mean maybe, although it is hideous then, and just poured randomly over half of the components (still possible though)

[@HomeDistiller]

@@ExtractionsAndIre yup made in China.. I had a faulty one that was bigger.. Both sides were fully potted. But the low voltage side was filled with coarse sand before potting.. Just to cut a few cents off the cost

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

Why..... sand

[@gplustree]

@@ExtractionsAndIre Doesn't conduct! Yeah, sometimes potting compound is slopped around like that. But still prrrrobably a good idea to cool it better.

[@willynebula6193]

@@ExtractionsAndIre that little transformer is actually for high frequency noise suppression. It's a filter basically. It allows 50hz through but stops anything above 1khz getting back in the power grid.

[@AlphaDestroyer-pw8on]

I like how he managed to tar up an inorganic reaction

[@FedoraMaster3000]

I spent 2 full months esxtracting N,N DMT from mimosa rootbark I ended up extracting only parafins from lighter fluids

[@oceanjunkie5968]

It only takes like 2 days, how did you end up taking 2 months to finish?

[@kjpmi]

hehe, that brings back memories. That extraction is quite easy, though. I wonder what went wrong for you.

[@willeveryday]

I don't know how many coffee grinders/food processors I broke trying to grind acacia madenii bark

[@jhyland87]

How did you fuck that up? Lol. A/b extraction or the straight to base method?

[@alllove1754]

U purchased preextracted bark, imho. Sorry for your luck. Try ronsinol lighter fluid. Very clean otc naphtha

[@FullModernAlchemist]

Your electrical engineering here looks like most of my projects, I tend to make things that teeter athletically on the edge of catastrophic failure. The thing that I spent the most time and frustration on so far would probably be the sommelet reaction. With what reagents I had on hand it involved first making a benzyl halide which is horribly lacrymatory and then reacting it with hexamine to form methylamine and benzaldehyde. The idea being that you make two useful products at once. And with the halogen present the methylamine is already in a salt form so the workup should be pretty straight forward. (It wasnt, I went with the metabisulfite aduct method to isolate the benzaldehyde which adds several steps but gets a better product). I also needed a high boiling non polar solvent that wouldn't react in that system. So I chose tetrachloroethane which I had to distill from brake cleaner first. So After all that mess I performed the reaction and the workup in the same day and shot the video all in one go. I then edited for hours on end and at some point my software bugged out and I lost the entire days progress on the editing. Being so frustrated after all that effort up to this point I put off editing it for months until an unexpected hard drive failure wiped out all traces of the footage. The kicker is that the yield was shit on top of all this so I was probably going to end up doing it again anyway. But yeah 0 payoff at all for probably a week or two of work.

[@SuperUltimateLP]

The white part is the highvoltage transformer ;) , the other circuitry is coatet in some sort of protective paint. You could just open it up and point the fan on the circuitry. The small coil you saw was just a choke aginst electrical noise.

[@Basement-Science]

yep, all looking as it should. No problems there. Don´t know how hot it´s getting though.

[@WhatDennisDoes]

"So these hours have been wasted" and that's why I love your videos hahahah

[@mattenschwinger123]

And then he puts it on youtube to waste other peoples time :-) lovely

[@calvaryassemblyofgodsouthi8046]

esmiralda It’s a man made waste-your-time virus! Very contagious!!

[@bismuth4241]

Ostwald's Process has left the chat

[@sciencoking]

Combines ammonia and ozone Still gets tar We love you

[@LateNightHacks]

Mate, it's yellow chemistry, of course it failed...., surprisingly you forgot to even mention it got any advice on how to reduce/stop peroxide formation on ethers? maybe even how to chemically reduce the existing trace proxides? side note, the (high voltage) transformer is potted inside that big white blob. the small thing with two coils is a common mode choke, it just stops the noise from the unit backfeeding to mains, that is easy to buy/replace

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

I am surprised I forgot to mention the yellow! No wonder it didn't work honestly. Peroxide formation... dark bottle, store over sodium, good lid. Pretty hard to get peroxide in those circumstances

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

And yeah, so what is that other small core that's doing the melting actually doing in the circuit?

[@LateNightHacks]

@@ExtractionsAndIre The video is a bit dark, the black thing on the bottom right is the one you are talking about right? that's this thing en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choke_(electronics)#Common-mode_choke

[@marciaosullivan3200]

@@ExtractionsAndIre how do you deliberately get peroxie

[@luisp.3788]

@@marciaosullivan3200 mix it with hydrogen peroxide and prepare to die by the way, you can also put in a tiny amount of stabilizer into the ether, I'm not sure what kind of it, though. I think it is stated on the Sciencemadness wiki.

[@nicktohzyu]

perhaps you should use ammonium carbonate rather than dissolve ammonia as the vigorous bubbling may just sparge the dissolved gas out

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

Would it just force the ammonia and carbon dioxide out of the solution though??

[@nicktohzyu]

​@@ExtractionsAndIre​but at a much slower rate I guess

[@T3sl4]

Yeah, same thought. Or NH4Cl like the one paper did

[@soylentgreenb]

NH4Cl also has the advantage of being delicious.

[@750kv8]

BigClive just recently made a vid of this same type of ozone generator, just the same PSU of it. It was NOT melted, it's black epoxy poured on those parts.

[@DarkExcalibur42]

What experiment did I spend the most time on for the least rewards? I wrote a combat guide for building fleets in Stellaris under the original release version of the game. I spent probably 80-120 hours running experiments and testing fleet compositions and measuring ship stats and documenting everything. But Stellaris is a Paradox Interactive game. So they just fuckin deleted all the game balance and replaced it with something else. They've probably done that once or twice more since then. Who even knows anymore. Not remotely chemistry related... but comments are good for the youtube algorithms I assume.

[@sailor5853]

Oh boy

[@apppples]

I have an old lab report on my hard drive titled "Non-bromination of E-stilbene." I'm sure you can guess what reaction I didn't even get 1% yield from. (It's funny, I actually had pure starting reagents at the end). Looking further I have another from the same year of o-chem titled "Dehydration of Benzopinacol" with the conclusion being one sentence: "0%, for reference to spectra simply google benzopinacol, it was a less clean version of that."

[@urimiles4371]

Tried to produce 1,4 dioxane from ethylene glycol. For some reason it had a boiling point 100c (instead of 83 azeotrope) i kept on trying to purify and dry it for about a month and it just kept tarring up. As a last effort i tried to dry it with sodium ended up being water.

[@theterribleanimator1793]

did you not smell the product? i aways snot some to make sure its good stuff.

[@mrslinkydragon9910]

That sucks man

[@GRBtutorials]

I hope you didn’t throw too much sodium...

[@cognitivedissonancer]

On the ozone-ammonia route: I wonder how much bubbling large volumes of gas through the solution carried off the ammonia before it could react with the ozone (though I imagine the reaction is pretty fast). Also, aussie temperatures probably decreased the solubility of ammonia and didn't help. I imagine this could work in the gas phase kinda. I should look into that paper before thinking out loud. On failures: I spent 3 years, on and off, trying to prepare a photographic reagent. Not even a complicated one and there were many accessible routes with high yields starting from commonly available and inexpensive materials. But purification was a nightmare - the chemical was essentially insoluble in organic solvents (and boy did I look for a suitable one), but way too soluble in water, so it essentially acted like the inorganic salts that were the main byproducts of the syntheses. All successes were minor and final crystal yields were never above 30%. In the end, I found a source for the reagent, but that failure to prepare it quantitatively still haunts me sometimes.

[@DanielHJeffery]

There are surfactants in your ammonia causing it to bubble up.

[@kjpmi]

I love your videos so much. Just remember, "it's the journey that actually means the most not the destination."

[@guytech7310]

Not a Chem Guy But for experiments using gases: 1. Use a graduated cylinder or long glass tube to bubble the gas through so it has a more contact with the liquid before it expels into the air. Also several glass tubes could be daisy chained together. 2. Use a bubble diffuser to decrease the bubble size so there is more surface area contact between the gas & the liquid. 3. Consider use some inert media like boiling chips to slow down the bubbles so it has more time to contact with the liquid.

[@Blei1986]

6:50 too easy, just get closer and let the fumes reach your tounge. if it tastes salty af, its ammonia nitrate

[@jamesparker8529]

if it tastes like , it's ammonia

[@trippiechris1852]

A relationship is the longest chemistry experiment ive done to end up with no results

[@luisillo3511]

She was my biggest failure....now seriously, my biggest failure was trying to get some extremely pure sulfur. I was purifying my sulfur by recrystallization with toluene. Well, I had already recristalized the same sulfur 4 times (4 FUKING TIMES). Each time I used the same toluene, but I distilled it several times en between uses. Here comes the funny part. In the middle of the fifth recrystalization( using sulfur that I had already recristalized 4 times, and toluene that I had distilled a total of 10 times) everything catched fire. I looked away for a moment and when I came back I found a flame that reached the ceiling. I ran like I've never ran in my life to get my fire extinguisher. No one was harmed....but the results were: -A burned table -A burnes brand new hotplate ( it was it's firs use) -All my Sulfur was lost -All my toluene was lost -Burned sulfur everywhere -Awful smell

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

That sounds awful!! And the sulfur... so pure.... sad

[@luisillo3511]

@@ExtractionsAndIre sulfur is yellow, and after your experiences with yellow chemistry....I guess I should have known it wasn't going to end up working.....

[@Bantz_996]

only tom is able to melt the potting from a circuit component without meaning to. I've seen a lot of electricians struggle to do that on purpose! great vid bud. keep up the science!

[@censoredone1374]

That high School joke near the end was fucking great man

[@gusbailey68]

I'm assuming that the spider at 10:11 is exceedingly deadly; because, Australia.

[@jimmyjamson2227]

Yer na yer yer na your mums exceedingly deadly

[@prinssdgunofficial2400]

@@jimmyjamson2227 indeed she is! She kills you by deplenishing your will to live by constant nagging.

[@TheIdeanator]

Job hunting! Nearly 300 applications in this year and its all "while your resume is impressive, you ain't got shit on this other guy"

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

Oooh yeah that one always hurts. You'll get lucky eventually!

[@kreynolds1123]

What do you think would happen if you close looped the gasses and some ammonia and water moisture were also flowing through the ozone generator?

[@AguaFluorida]

I'm still wondering why the final product was yellow. Does the ozone produce volatile crud by reacting with the inside of that rubber hose? Would using a glass delivery line improve yields/purity? Have you ever looked into "active nitrogen"? It is formed when pure nitrogen is subjected to a silent electric discharge (i.e. put through the ozone generator?) Quoting here, "As a chemical reagent this form of nitrogen is one of the most active of the elements; alkali metals are converted into azides and with the vapours of metals such as zinc, cadmium and arsenic it gives nitrides, [...] sulphur [...] yield[s] sulphur nitride, S4N4." (Fritz Ephraim, Inorganic Chemistry, 5th revised edition, 1948, by P.C.L.Thorne and E.R.Roberts.)

[@cyborgninjamonkey]

I just did a good hour's research on this... I do not think it could be the hose, he mentions "Viton" which is probably polyhexafluoropropenylpolyvinylidenedifluoride. At over two thirds fluorine by weight, if ozone tries to oxidize the stuff it just says "you have no idea the shit I've seen". Not being black gunk also strongly suggests that the orange colour isn't from decomposed polymer. So... That airstone appears to be made of scoria, which is found in the same environments as numerous interesting vanadium compounds. Divanadium pentoxide from breakdown and oxidation of minerals in the scoria would be the right colour, solubility, and oxidation state. The cheap ozone tube might also be badly chrome-plated, and thusly spew out a little hexavalent chromium to please the pollution gods. Ammonium dichromate also has properties that would fit, perhaps even better. it also could be N₂O₄ 🤷

[@burntorangeak]

🎵 Step one: cut a hole in the box. 🎵

[@fmdj]

I like this channel. Everything is as very DIY and messy looking as in my own "lab", the main difference being that I encounter success much much less often.

[@redstart67]

You know it's proper Aussie chemistry when there's spiders involved helping run the ozone generator & despite this being quite a lot of work to generate a dirty looking beaker, the dyed condenser water proved to be a win for you, so mixed results, I'd say? Brilliant video though, as it demonstrates that the whole point of doing chemistry experiments in the first place is to see what happens & whether things work as expected & it's in explaining why things occur that often the most interesting stuff reveals itself & at the very least you proved your conjecture about this being a very inefficient process that would be tricky to get to work, so props to you Sir!

[@DrakkarCalethiel]

The actual transformer is in the potted part. The thing you saw was just a filter choke.

[@jonross377]

Nope. Question has been answered.

[@science0074]

15:50 100hrs of electrolysis for 5 gramms of NaClO3 and approx. a shit ton of graphite wich i had to use

[@stamasd8500]

I can make approx 250-300g KClO3 every 80h, but not with graphite anodes. I use MMO anodes.

[@igorpadurjan5714]

Shit, i intend to do this electrolysis with my homemade ghetto rigged electrodes. Did you figure out where you went wrong?

[@Preyhawk81]

you need to put the anode so close as possible to the cathode best 5mm and you need to make the cathode only half the size of the anode and you have an good yield araound 85% effizienz.

[@maxk4324]

If you created a sealed reaction vessel and then restricted the flow out of it sufficiently such that the vessel pressurizes it will reduce size of the bubbles. The downside is you'd likely need a more powerful air pump. Maybe something like an electric football or bike tire pump might do the trick?

[@kreynolds1123]

Miconize the bubbles. kzbin.info/www/bejne/m5-apYSfqNR0bsk kzbin.info/www/bejne/mImXaaSuh9mZfK8 kzbin.info/www/bejne/m3-whYh4qd6hibs kzbin.info/www/bejne/qGXVe36vpbGcoKM kzbin.info/www/bejne/fKLWaJabdq-We9k

[@brainndamage]

The inverter isn't melting, that's not a transformer, it's a common-mode choke for filtering the AC (prevents the inverter from sending interference into the AC power cable). The black stuff is epoxy potting compound used to encapsulate the PCB. it protects it but also prevemts you from removing it and servicing it without it breaking.

[@johnmcclain3887]

I occasionally do chemistry experiments, to find out the chemistry of the metal I'm machining, used to do gas chromatograph mass spectrometry, testing engine and transmission oil for Marine helicopters, and when we found "something interesting" it meant tearing a chopper down to parade rest, not very exciting, but enervating, starting from the top, and ending when it's in a pile on the hanger. I extracted ammonium nitrate a few years ago, out of a "hand or limb cooling pack", boiling down, cleaning by filter, and about four phases before I had "dry, white crystalline powder", not exactly "high chemistry", but better than no chemistry. If you ever find time to visit here, you've to a bed, breakfast, a machine shop, and chemistry set up, and you could teach this old dog, new tricks, you might have to come across the southern border, face painted, pretending to have covid, to be let it, and definitely don't have any identification, you could get denied entry for knowing who you are. I always enjoy your videos, precisely because the ones that fail, do so for basic principles, and in my own life, I've learned a little from success, but far more from failure. Thomas Edison was asked how many things did he try for a light filament, and answered "five thousand". He was asked, wasn't that enough to make you want to quit?, he replied he'd learned 4999 things that weren't filament material, but were being used in other ways, shown by their failure, not a quote, but approximate. I've got a literal ton of metal scrap, that never turned into the parts I was making, but they are still metal, and still can be turned into finished product. Your vocabulary rather resembles mine from my early days as a jarhead, dealing with idiot Sergeants, who couldn't do anything, trying to tell us peons, how to do the work we knew how to do. I'd suggest you might be qualified for special forces, but you wouldn't want to go there, you could end up in one or more of our wars. Thanks for sharing this art form, couldn't be much more fun, without success.

[@burnroe6611]

Have you tried electrolysis through a permeable membrane like a clay pot? i think the yield may be better and a more direct route to nitric acid.

[@jabłczan]

In Poland ammonium nitrate 99% Pure is about $10 immediate sale... per 30 kilograms (sic) ;)

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

That does sound like an easier and more effective method

[@johngriffin618]

You can buy 50lbs of it for about 80 bucks off Amazon, but I'm positive you get put on a list of some sort, probably a couple.

[@kjpmi]

Why did you write (sic) after "kilograms"? "Sic" means that something you're quoting is either a mistake or a misspelling and that it's an original error and not YOUR error.

[@jabłczan]

@@kjpmi I wrote this to indicate that this isn't mistake

[@kjpmi]

@@jabłczan ok, fair enough lol. I see what you were going for...

[@LoneWolfZ]

I ordered 200 pounds of ammonium nitrate off ebay 2 years ago. Is my name on a list? Probably! Do I have all the ammonium nitrate I will ever need? YES!

[@findenichts6697]

200 pounds? what the fuck do you need 200 pounds for other than making a giant bomb?

[@LoneWolfZ]

@@findenichts6697 it has several uses in chemistry and I use it to make small exploding targets for shooting. It also makes the lawn nice and green.

[@franglish9265]

An antibody elution, we ended up washing away everything, and none of it worked. It turned out that the procedure was incorrect, and our professor tried doing it differently, with less steps of washing, and her's worked. She was teaching immunohematology for the first time, and was using the previous professor's procedures. We guessed that the professor before her, had written it down incorrectly, and had forgotten to change it.

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

Biology remains a mystery :(

[@franglish9265]

@@ExtractionsAndIre and it was supposed to work. If it were a real patient, they could have died if we didn't identify their antibody.

[@franglish9265]

@@ExtractionsAndIre www.bbguy.org/education/glossary/gle04/ Basically you try to remove a bound antibody into a solution, in order to work up a possible transfusion reaction, or to identify what is causing Hemolytic disease of the newborn. HDN is normally caused by the RH D antigen, when the mother is RH negative, or when she has a weak D antigen. But sometimes, it isn't, and the lab has to identify, what the antibody is specific to. It's the same for a transfusion work up, but the cause is different.

[@franglish9265]

@@ExtractionsAndIre www.bbguy.org/education/glossary/gla09/ This is also part of a complex work-up of a patient. I have yet to see a full work up for a possible transfusion reaction.

[@leem.9934]

Things I just learned: -Do not store pure ammonia in plastic (although why you'd use that instead of something like teflon bottles I don't know, I guess just Australia things). -Cellar Spiders appear to inhabit Australia as well, although knowing what I do about that particular region of Earth I'm sure they've evolved to become highly venemous.

[@AdricM]

your transformer looks fine, they cover them with a mastic/tar to keep them from buzzing.

[@jimwilliamson5594]

Love it. Chopper Ried with a chemistry set. Awesome.

[@mikechambers9129]

Ok this may be pointless, but 50 years ago growing up on a farm, we used 1500 gallon tanks of ammonia gas for soil fertilization. Since you’ve got gaseous ozone, why not use gaseous ammonia to react it with?

[@neillcoetzer9133]

I mean idk man, I'd just do it the way they suggested and then just do the cation-anion test for nitrates, then if yes then focus on the buffer problem, love you vids man

[@darianballard2074]

After you sent me the information I though about making a video on it, but thought you might so I didn't. :P Thanks again for the info though.

[@Armegeothm]

I once spent about three months trying to find out what the mystery gas in the air in my house was that was adding this weird brown to the arcs on my HV transformer setup. For those three months, not once did I consider the possibility of it just being ions from the steel electrodes I was using.

[@Frostlander]

Please keep doing your thing bud (bud translated from Minnesotan to Australian = mate), your videos are one of my primary inspirations to do videos about chemistry in the future. I love the haphazard style it's very entertaining. Just don't die of cancer and carry on brother. Don't let the yellow chem/people let you down (If it's not obvious I mean cowardly people.).

[@luderickwong]

that equation was used in fish farm for decades. you need a little bit adjustment on the set up. a long cylinder (6ft?10ft?) is require, your gas come in bottom through a gas stone. and there is a flip over funnel on top of the cylinder. bubbles form on the bottom react with water in cylinder, nitrates of all kind formed (bacteria and parasites too) will then follow the bubbles up and form soapy foam on the cylinder top, eventually you can skim them out from the nozzle of the funnel, that goes to the flower bed in the garden. clean water goes back to the water tank. some people call this setup protein skimmer. and such skimmer run on ozone would be probably 10 times more efficient then just ordinary air.

[@michaelslitts8601]

You probably figured this out by now, but Ammonium Nitrate sublimes at fairly low temperature in a pure crystalline form, but it will also be easily carried away by water vapors in the open air. Disproportionation under heat is also a highly likely scenario. That is all to say if you did succeed in appreciable yields, I think the Occam's Razor falls more on the Ammonia being pushed out of solution by bubbling gas through the solution. In my organometallics undergraduate research, and further in my electrochemical analytical research, removing all odd dissolved gasses by bubbling nitrogen or carbon dioxide through a solution can be achieved after about 10-30 minutes of bubbling through a glass pipette (using a diffusion stone with a micron rating tends to make it go even faster).

[@vega1287]

12:04 that tiny transformer isn't actually a transfrormer, well it kind of is but it isn^'t a normal transformer, it's a so called common mode choke

[@tomh2628]

Could you use ozone to make potassium perchlorate or potassium chlorate from potassium chloride?

[@bordlampen3468]

11:00 "UPS on a budget"

[@atonyb2575]

Keep at doing since! Don't give up!!!

[@science0074]

13:13 Hahaha mate that is actually pretty smart!

[@rionmotley2514]

Not a science experiment, but I once spent two 14 hour days on set doing a special effects gig. My contribution to the feature-length film totaled less than 120 frames. 1.7 seconds if I recall correctly.

[@albertolando5268]

It looks like it produces to little ozone for any synthesis to be useful... But not every hope is lost; Would this amount of ozone be enough to produce Caro's acid when bubbled into sulphuric acid? In commercial sulphuric acid there are all those nasty organic molecules that prevent it from corroding metal... And you for using it in a good synthesis; since there is not much of these substances in the acid I was thinking this could be a good way to remove them. Actually the only other two ways aren't very good... hydrogen peroxide dilutes the acid and distilling it is very dangerous

[@trippiechris1852]

Hes made more ozone than the whole continent of Australia in his lab

[@ficolas2]

This is the second time in my life I watch this video The first time I was sure it was gonna fail The second time I knew it was gonna fail And I'm not even mad about the 30mins I spent watching

[@among-us-99999]

Where did the yellow stuff in the second run even come from?

[@user255]

Is that airstone chemically stable in NH4OH solution? Rubber hoses can also destroy some ozone, but that's probably more problem for longevity of the hoses, than for the reaction.

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

The hoses are Teflon or Viton, so they should withstand the ozone. Unsure how good the airstone is towards the conditions though, but physically it seems okay still

[@user255]

@@ExtractionsAndIre Just wondering what may have caused the yellow chemistry...

[@AppliedCryogenics]

Could the tar be bits of the apparatus dissolved by produced nitric acid?

[@knpark2025]

14:37 contains nitrogen, contains ethanol, so it's broadly speaking what my piss is after a night of binge-drinking.

[@JoeyC-ss2tl]

I spent a good while trying to make triisopropyl aluminum before I realized aluminum likely won't even react with isopropyl chloride. That was after spent a night making isopropyl chloride by reacting rubbing alcohol with hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride by putting all three chemicals in a capped test tube and *gently* heating it with a blow torch.

[@Frischi24]

My worst expiriment is stil ongoing. I'm trying to extract the potasium-sodium tatrate from the "bio backing powder" for my Fehling-2 solution. I got a whole bunch of it real cheap, but it had a huge excess of sodium bicarb. I am a very amateur chemist, so i don't have nearly enough ethanol or acetone for a decent extraction and i'm trying to go cheap, so i'm forced to work with water (when i fine tune the process well enough I'll even use distilled water). I am at around 1.5 months of work, 13 tries with little to no payback and no will to do any of it anymore. The process has always gone wrong at some very cruicial point (me knocking down the filtration set-up, me boiling it to dryness and burning it, me using the wrong reactant, me not recrystallising the reactant before using it and introducing a whole bunch of inseparable junk, me eyeballing everything cuz stoichiometry is for pussies and last but not least, me falling asleep at the kitchen table at 3 in the morning and (after learning my mistake from last time) baking it in the oven to, basically, a piece of charcoal). The baking powder has starch as filler, so it's extra-fun to separate. And even if, after 24 h over waiting, i decant everything perfectly, some of it makes through. It passes right through any filter i have and is virtually impossible to separate. So, i just boil everything down till the starch burns and clumps up and is actually "filterable". After filtering, I add vinegar to the solution and wait till the reaction dies down. I transfer everything to a baking dish and put it in the oven at 100-120°C. I heat it until it becomes slightly cloudy. I add a little water and take it out. Theoretically, the solution should be colourless and crystallize out right away. Best i had is black-coffee-coloured, full of particles of coloided carbon (you guessed it, it's again, completely unfiltarable) and NOT CRYSTALLISING. Like, at some point, i got some cristal-formation in a test run, but i just effing needed to scale it up. Now, i only have half of my initial product, whole metric shit ton of mysteriously looking filtrates and (like probably the yield of my process) 0.1% of the optimism i had at the beginning. I'm doing the last run on weekend. Wish me luck. P.S. sorry for any typos ( If, or rather when, you find any, you're more than welcome to correct me) English is not my native language. I'm actually half-Ukrainian/ half-Austrian. Don't really know which half is dominant. P.P.S. i fucking love parenthesis (sry)

[@ironmonkey1512]

You are repeating all of the dumb stuff I did as a teenager in the quest for energetic materials

[@PaulSteMarie]

Ch3a @ Caltech: making a bunch of cobalt-ammonium complexes. I didn't understand the reaction very well, so it was just following the process as closely as possible. Got to the end, it failed, and I had to redo the entire four week process in about 3 days in order to pass the course. Pink mud. Never want to see pink mud again.

[@Chlorate299]

Somehow you managed to get a reaction that involved nothing but ammonia, water, and spicy air to go yellow. Have you considered a career in alchemy?

[@alllove1754]

I was gonna ask what u thought of such a set up, good thing I waited to check your channel. What you could do to enhance productivity without much expense is placing a loose, floating lid, perhaps an upside down beaker, so that the gasses can be plunged back into solution. Nurdrage did many of these things. Also, during boiling phase, to concentrate and or dry crystals, I'm sure you know off hand that nh4no3 degrade and turn to n2o and whatever was left behind idk

[@elephystry]

The object I reckon most needs a break is the ozone transformer, so connect the timer in line with the transformer and only the transformer.

[@justinlynn]

"there's fuckin' always more tar"... preach.

[@bigboineptune9567]

Can permanganate be made from ozone and manganese compounds?

[@Suger5zero]

My name is David and I'm gonna pretend that Davy with a heart around it on the board is for me.

[@trustthewater]

I installed an ozone room deodorizer near a cat litterbox and, months later, I noticed it looked like frost was growing out of it. Turns out you can make ammonium nitrate from piss vapor.

[@ruke47]

My high-effort, low-yield story is university electronics lab, where I spent about 12 hours failing to bias a transistor in electronics lab, because, it turns out, the professor was teaching us the Rules of Thumb that he learned in Army instead of ACTUAL PHYSICS, which would have required a working knowledge of Calculus.

[@bdblazer6400]

put soap in your coolant so when you spill again it will be nice an shiny when you clean it up

[@MyGabrielNunes]

I spent almost a year trying to synthesize (±)-Galipinine on very low yield reactions to finally discover it's volatile and I was losing all the final product in the rotovap.

[@raptor4916]

for your next big synthesis are you going to make CL-20?

[@1234567890CAB]

The thing that I've definitely spent the most time on and got the least out of would be my love life

[@nigeldolman954]

I wonder if the ammonia is being lost with the bubbling. Maybe bubbling the ozone through to make a solution and then dripping that in might be better.

[@vevenaneathna]

i love how legit ur home chem vids are. everythings a dannN mess lol

[@saintofchelseathomascarlyl5713]

this is the most interesting video i ever seen in this website. i have so many questions! if you had more heavy duty tools like pump and ozone generator etc would you be able to do better than birkland eyde? and another question is, given that nitrates are hard to come and this didnt work, which method would be your 'go to' to make nitrates? i subscribed ty so much for this video!!!!!!

[@williamsmith455]

Won't ammonium nitrate sublimate away? Maybe boiling it is the wrong approach. You could try to drop it from solution somehow. I have a tiny corona discharge ozone generator, which not only generates ozone, but also NOX. I often find white crystals growing around the discharge tube. They disappear after a while if left alone. It seems to grow more crystals in a humid environment.

[@nelson1tom]

600 4ml solutions. 6 Months of daily kinetics observations (including weekends). Inconclusive results.

[@mrmax35]

I made some awesome cyclobutane monomers for a polymer project. Got awesome crystal structures of the pure stereoisomers! After weeks of synthesis, none of them polymerize. Think they decompose, lots of tar, hard to tell what's going on. Project is scrapped for now, maybe I'll toss it on ChemRxiv while I write my thesis for someone else to try.

[@ExtractionsAndIre]

😍😍😍tar😍😍😍 But yeah damn, at least cool Crystal structures are cool!

[@nejiniisan1265]

I think the electrical method for obtaining HNO3 is still better. The yield is low, but at least is easier to check the NO2 forming and the pH.

[@tenb-m6u]

Nice job

[@bordlampen3468]

10:05 "Australia Moment"

[@SuperAngelofglory]

Here NH4NO3 can be bought in bulk 50 kg bags (same goes for KNO3). NaNO3, however, is pretty hard to get

[@wypkewypkema6306]

You can make sodium nitrate very easily by reacting AN with sodium hydroxide drain cleaner

[@SuperAngelofglory]

@@wypkewypkema6306 I know, but it is messy (NH3 gas) and time consuming (cristalization from water)

[@Ma_X64]

Meeting a spider in Australia is equals to meet a bear in, say, Canada. :D

[@adam346]

Aussie electrical outlets look like depressed Scream villains.

[@krzysztofbroda5376]

It's possible to get nitrates by burning ammonia/air mix over calcium hydroxide. Then you add oxalic acid and distill azeotropic hno3

[@SolarSeeker45]

The problem with this one is you need activation energy. Ammonia gas will actually burn in a pure oxygen environment or even in normal atmosphere if you have a copper or platinum catalyst heated glowing hot. If you don't burn the ammonia then you don't get the nitrogen oxides you're looking for.

[@mytech6779]

I'm pretty sure the ammonia to nitrate conversion in habor process related industrial production uses catalyst and high pressures and temps

[@Slowly_Going_Mad]

Extracting sulfur from grill ash is my biggest fail. I succeeded but it was more labor than it's worth. Negligible yeild almost pointless.

[@trevorday7923]

I was wondering "why is he poking that tiny little spider with a long stick?". And then I remembered.... Ah yes, it's Australia

[@nattsurfaren]

Was there any acidity in the solution?