Immunology | T- Cell Development

Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org
Ninja Nerds!
Join Professor Zach Murphy for our lecture about the thymus gland and T-cell development. We go into detail on positive and negative selection, and the movement to secondary lymphatic organs. We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
References:
● Steve Ford. 2020. [Digital photo] The lymphatic system 2: structure and function of the lymphoid organs www.nursingtim...
● Vector Shock Lymph node structure medical educational vector image. [Digital photo ] www.vectorstoc...
● Indiana University. Histology of Spleen [Digital image] vmicro.iusm.iu...
● Teach Me Anatomy. Tonsils [Digital Image] teachmeanatomy...
● Varsity Tutors. MCAT Biology [Quiz] www.varsitytut...
● Le T, Bhushan V, Sochat M, Chavda Y, Zureick A. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2018. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2017
● Marieb EN, Hoehn K. Anatomy & Physiology. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson; 2020.
● Boron WF, Boulpaep EL. Medical Physiology.; 2017.
● Urry LA, Cain ML, Wasserman SA, Minorsky PV, Orr RB, Campbell NA. Campbell Biology. New York, NY: Pearson; 2020.
● Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York etc.: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018.
● lberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P . Molecular Biology of the Cell. New York, NY: Garland Science; 2002
● Murphy K, Weaver C. Janeway's Immunobiology. Garland Science; 2016
● Doan T, Melvold R, Viselli S, Waltenbaugh C. Immunology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012
● Levinson W. Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology. Lange; 2012
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#ninjanerd #TcellDevelopment #Immunology

[@ahmedelhenawy1998]

This was more informative than a 2 hour university lecture from a phd that has written his own textbook on immunology.

[@AestheticMEDICO]

Lmao yessss

[@namitachanda2124]

Exactly

[@nbme-answers]

Good research and good teaching are two separate, highly specialized and unrelated skills. Don't let anyone tell ya different!

[@Jabreup.]

💯!!! This guy is the best!!

[@gulanzafar7636]

Yup indeed!

[@katerbrig]

There's a big difference between an expert and an expert who can teach. Thank you for being the latter.

[@Almog6k]

This is how education should look like. Thank you!

[@carolinerivera108]

I have been teaching this stuff for close to 20 years and yours is the best explanation I have ever seen!

[@princessjazz5767]

I really hope u r a good Professor because... most of the Professors just assume we know all of this. What ZACK did is TEACHING, what Professors in Uni's do is not TEACHING at all, i dnt care what anyone says.

[@abdoulazizdabo9064]

I like your humbleness and honestly, I wouldn’t surprise if yours also is the best.

[@sayalidukare135]

Plz make a whole series of an immunology leacture, it's very beneficial to us

[@DrZoonotics]

Actually, I have counted 8 Ninja Nerd videos concerning inflammation.

[@elenasultan3627]

Good teacher. Shame that we can only see and learn from KZbin nowadays when the course has been paid thousands of pounds and no one there to teach, so I end up listening this guy here.

[@amdgarcia17]

Please please make more on the immune system 🙏🏽 your videos are very detailed and explained well for someone with no medical backgrounds. Mom has had auto immune disorder/RBCAPLASIA (acquired). And when we found out we were so lost and confused because her doctors would explain it in medical terms, we didn’t understand anything until we started searching and watching videos like yours. Truly appreciate you, I feel like I better understand her situation and feel confident explaining it to others as well

[@DrZoonotics]

Actually, there are 8 Ninja Nerd videos concerning inflammation.

[@amdgarcia17]

@@DrZoonotics Actually when I posted my original comment which was a year ago, there weren’t all the videos that are up now. Of course now there’s been more uploads since then.

[@hamzenouh4911]

you guys are helping humanity. you deserve the highest award possible for education

[@chandlereyre8792]

Thank you for the video! I did want to add/ask one thing, however. Current medical student, and we were taught that the downregulation of CD4 or CD8 on the thymocyte is due to the interaction between TCRs and the MHC 1/2. If the TCR (by chance) interacts with MHC1, then the corresponding CD8 will also interact alongside it, and CD4 is downregulated. If the TCR on a thymocyte interacts with MHC2, then CD4 will persist, and CD8 is downregulated. I guess this differs from your explanation in that you imply the CD's are what determines this varability and choice. But I believe the chance originates from RAG recombiation to the TCR earlier on. Thank you for such a helpful video!

[@xSEALs2007x]

Teaching cannot get any better than this. This is the best I’ve seen by far.

[@leeannstorms3239]

I am a retired high school biology teacher and I enjoy watching your videos so much. You truly have a gift.

[@TheFarahzz]

I know that you guys hear this a lot, but I am truly thankful for these videos. It has been 3 days now in which I haven't been able to grasp this concept when my teacher has explained it and you guys were able to do it in just 20 min. Much appreciated and keep them videos coming

[@SpoonieSensei]

i have always been a little shaky on my t-cell development and this is honestly the most straightforward and comprehensive information i have ever come across. thank you!

[@MK-ih6wp]

Same. I have decent memory of what we learned back in school but never felt very confident about t-cells, until now!

[@abdullahibrahim531]

no one in thizs world can b better than this guy.....thanks alot

[@patponggullayanon3075]

พ

[@joanapires8883]

A minha vida

[@zuluzero4659]

Simpily amazing! My university lectures explain this in such a difficult way with 100s of slides and i almost gave up but watching your video motivated me that I CAN DO THIS!!!

[@princessjazz5767]

GOD BLESS U MAN.... I dont know why we go to universities at this point when we learn more from KZbin than our Professors.

[@humanitytribe1111]

Thank youuuuu! I spent hours trying to understand this in my text and you literally helped me completely understand it in a short period with zero confusion.

[@yuqingcai3447]

I had been struggling with this part for many hours, and now everything is clear. Thank you so much, sir!

[@lilchiliflake]

Thank you so much for this Immunology playlist as well as the videos on COPD and asthma pathophysiology! You helped a desperate biology master student to dive into therapy research on chronic lung diseases and to pass her oral exam with flying colors :D The Janeway was giving me a hard time to get myself oriented! You are my hero

[@TheAmmarKeylani]

perfectly explained. The only missing info you missed is the fact that it is NOT RANDOM where the stage of T cells become either T helper cells or T cytotoxic cells but according to a regulatory hormone from the liver reflecting the status of the body at the time of formation of T cells and its demands to which kind of cells it needs such as in yellow fever or Malaria or Dengue etc .. Thank you for an extremely simple and elaborate lecture! :)

[@elenemchedlishvili303]

Could you please provide reference? I have been searching for paper that describes the process.

[@annettecochran2214]

I have Lupus and watching your videos on immunology has helped me understand why it is so complicated. Thanks. Wish you could have been my anatomy instructor years ago.

[@MK-ih6wp]

I know we are all marveling at this guy's incredible teaching skills... but do you guys ever get blown away by the complexity of the human body? I just can't get over how intelligently our bodies are designed.

[@paromitasarker151]

It is exactly what i was looking for. It synchronizes perfectly with the main text book. Thanks a lot. You saved me

[@uqunerds1180]

I love the way that you explain , oh god thank you sooo much for every things you saved my medical life❤❤☹

[@KG-pt2sr]

Dude! You are a flat out BEAST/BOSS!!!! I'm an engineer and can't help but appreciate your mastery of what you're talking about. You're a natural!! Keep up the GREAT work!! Love this site - best site out there.

[@nightlythoughts4701]

I've been staring at my pathophysiology book trying to understand this for hours. thank you!!

[@WelshwildGem]

So thankful for your videos! I struggle with my reading sometimes but you explain things so well, I wouldn’t get through some of it without you!

[@sannahshah1115]

honestly, you are an angel sent down to us depressed and tiredlookingforanswers students. may God bless you :)

[@jacquim5134]

I'm a first year med student and I just finished watching your series of videos on immunology. Wow, you explained it all so well! As someone with myasthenia gravis I'd be interested to see your explanation of MG's effect on the thymus, t cells and what implications thymectomy to remove a thymus with hyperplasia would have on an adult.

[@bionium6976]

Mg is so painful i beleive

[@sliderulelover]

Excellent description of how T cells differentiate via the thymous and various chemical signals.

[@sashaschtein2690]

I can't express how thankful I am for this.

[@shahiramohammadi7284]

Because of professor Zach immunology playlist I got 100 marks in immunology 😁Thanks to Zach and his wonderful team🥰

[@sunghoonsbiceps2287]

I swear bro you were meant to be a teacher. Thank you so much! ❤️

[@pvsraju7092]

May God bless you, at 76yrs I am learning. Ths Pvsraju

[@CarnivoreAnesthetist]

Who are the 48 people didn’t like this video? Probably immunologist somewhere thinking this physician assistant knows more about this stuff than I do ha ha. Nicely done great video. I practice clinical anesthesia. but, I have been addicted to the immune system the last 6-7months. Most of what I washed on other videos I have learned nothing from. Probably very basic for the casual watcher. I learned a bunch watching this video. Very good job do you have a true gift

[@xclvrfip]

Thank you! I couldn't get this topic for the past hour trying to skim and read my textbook over and over again. I'm glad I found this video. Thank you a thousand times!

[@dev-ir7ox]

This downright has to be the best way of teaching anatomy and physiology there is

[@vence84]

The whole thing is, there is no hard lesson there is bad teaching. Thank you soooo much, actually this issue was very simple i know that now because of you❤

[@yaklub]

Dude, you keep amazing me. This r cell development video is outstanding. Humbled by both you, Ninja Nerd, and evolution.

[@sirinesaleh5398]

Hello ninja nerd, first thank you so much for your videos they saved my life. Can you make more immunology videos, because a vast subject, and i think many people, other than me need them ( cytokines and chemokines, Dendritic cells, MHC, B-cells development, immunological synapse). Thank you deserve so much more recognition.

[@TrupthiJanet]

you can check out Shomu's Biology too!!

[@ftyuiokmn]

Been looking for a proper explanation of the T-cell development for quite some time now and I'm glad I came across this video! Goodluck to me analysing and memorizing all this to report in front of the whole class and our teacher. 😬 Aiming for that high score for the evaluation!

[@stellawu1768]

Bro, that was awesome. I can't understand jack in my immunology lecture and you just made it so clear and simple (well, it's never simple), but definitely manageable especially during these times where my exams are online I can't understand any of my e-learning lectures!

[@walebelayneh2892]

how you can keep all these things in your mind? is so amazing you deserve so much respect

[@layalitamesh2125]

It’s the last night before my immunology exam. You simply explained me 90 slides ❤

[@madhavdhakal1715]

Wow you are expressing so nicely. I am doing PhD Biotechnology and I learned so many things from this video. Thank you for this video

[@josephdahdouh2725]

I'm learning some immunology in Highschool, and this is helpful. I rewrote my own lecture on my C.B. to revise this material later.

[@josephdahdouh2725]

Well. Here I am again, in premed senior year watching this because I was forced to skip the class that concerns T cell development. Lol. I knew I watched this a couple years back, but that was so long ago ahahhaha. Hopefully, 4 years later, I don't return to this again omg.

[@dra.acosta7397]

I'm so amazed in the scrumptious way he explaine everything. Thank u sooooo much 😍😍😍😍

[@tranll1]

Love it!!! This is the best demonstration for T Cell development so far!! Thank you 😊

[@amnamustafa2942]

"I hope that helped" there has literally not been one ninja nerd vid that did not help, they're all amazing

[@shwetagupta-f8c]

Thank you. What a beautiful factory within me ❤

[@aloquoraespada3580]

Ninja Nerd forever 😍💜

[@NinjaNerdOfficial]

+Fatima Alaa that's awesome!

[@just_a_nerd01]

I am a high school student and I understand T cell lesson very well from you ... I am more concerned with immunology now !

[@user-gg2ne4mm8c]

I just wanted to come back to these videos and thank you so much for single handedly helping me achieve my goals in my immunology course! I just finished my first year as a pharmacy student and your videos really helped me, thank you!

[@aditijoshi4959]

Finallyy !! I got the concept !! Thanks a lot for this video :)

[@christinapeck3573]

All your videos are Gold. I can't wait until I'm done with PA school and can send you a fat check as a thank you for helping me get through it.

[@meroniajabou3127]

are you still in PA school?

[@sbtsbt4224]

Ohhh...thank u so much sir Zach.... U are just perfect....! I really enjoying learning by you and never get tired or bore... Thank u 🤗 Love from Pakistan...

[@zacharygomes1843]

The marker capping and uncapping is soothing to my brain

[@julioservantes8242]

I think there is a mistake here. CD4/8 does not bind to MHC molecules, they are just clusters of proteins we use to determine what type of T cell it is. MHC molecules bind to TCR in both positive and negative selection.

[@raynehentges5414]

I have been working on learning this information for a while and watching this video, everything finally clicked. Thank you so much!

[@AGrant-eb5mr]

Thank you so much -- you cleared up my confusions! Your teaching is the absolute BEST!

[@aayushbatra1147]

IMMUNOLOGY WAS VERY HARD TO ME BUT THANK'S TO YOU FOR MAKING IT SO MUCH EASY TO UNDERSTAND. CAN'T THANKYOU ENOUGH❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@zargoyx7567]

What I don‘t get is: What if there are equal amounts of successful CD4 and CD8 interactions? Is the cell always downregulating one of those two?

[@Mar-ue9cr]

I mean what should we do without your lectures

[@mitochondria7554]

You're a great teacher After Dr Najeeb I follow your lectures..💓

[@ameliajohson4329]

You've explained it so well, I was really confused.

[@hawraawhite]

I have a final coming and this video definitely saved me. THANK YOU.

[@aaratibhusal6486]

thank youu so much sir . but we need complete playlist on immunity . forever ninja nerd

[@kathb1683]

Glad to catch this vid! I’m a newbie. I’d be interested in learning how t-cells become exhausted!

[@amarachiejinkeonye4400]

I have an exam tomorrow on immunology, was looking for a video to watch because I can’t start reading now due to the short time. Thank you so much for this

[@sanjaisrao484]

Excellent explanation

[@bio-pharmalearners]

Please make whole series of immunology lecture videos. these are very conducive to us

[@architasaha8917]

Extremely talented teacher.

[@joudizawet7573]

Very helpful ❤❤❤ thanks a million.. I know that I'm watching this video after 3 years after uploading it but it really helped me a lot.. much love 🔥❤

[@kyeoms]

I CAN'T BELIEVE I FINALLY UNDERSTOOD THIS OH MY GOD!!! 😭

[@salah-ud-dinayubi7056]

Please add subtitles with your lectures it would help .

[@مسلمرستمزوراب]

Great thanks for you Mr. Ninja we hope to complete immunology course with autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivity, tolerance and other important topics which related with immunity. Thank you again 👊🏻❤

[@system3008]

This is insane. Wow so much respect understanding all this.

[@shamitabangera101]

You should become a professor in University....great explanation with creativity.

[@shaguftamalik649]

your way of teaching is amazing.

[@salimabuhajiar3063]

You are the best. Thanks teacher !

[@mekuekandemgrace3360]

Your contents are always great and thanks for your channel

[@kyleeaster1214]

There's one thing i didn't get in this video, and I have zero background in any of this I just find it fascinating. What's the difference between Positive selection (step-1) and the 3rd step, How does a cell correctly interact with CD-4/MH2 and CD8/MH1 and then not in step 3? Are the processes of how this interaction happens different? Would love to clear this bit up!

[@PeegyKittyKat1]

Currently trying to study this for med school, so I am by no means an expert but as far as I understood it from the video (and I might have misunderstood sth as a non native speaker), it's by chance. So it has the possibility to recognize MHC-I and MHC-II but when it get's to that step, the first thing it finds is, say, MHC-I. So it interacts with the MHC-I and that leads for it to downregulate MHC-II. If it interacts with a MHC-II first, it downregulates MHC-I. So it's not a thing of can or cannot but a thing of which one it interacts with first. If that is wrong, please correct me^^

[@starfaith721]

You make it so easy literally. Usually i hate this subject cuz it's so hard to understand. But damn. Never stop making videos😭👍

[@DeenandAqsa]

very wonderfully explained THANKS ALOT

[@ThatConspiracy-Indeed]

I F love this guy, your teaching method is amazing bruh, kinda easy to snatch your knowlege in a kinda cartoon way

[@darshinimalukar3246]

Perfection in teaching's every aspect. Thankyou sir. awesome video

[@himanshuverma6427]

You have been nailing it brother!!

[@mouhamedcherfi8202]

The video already relisted before 5 years ago but this is the best explanation I have seen thank you teacher you are amazing 💯💯💯

[@digitiminimi5730]

it's almost 2022 and i love you man, you made my life wayyy easier

[@saeedsahebdel855]

I really wished you were our teacher each semester and each course! Keep going!

[@ernestocampos5983]

Thank you so much. Very informative, concrete and easy to understand. Now, you said that the T-cell, before going to the third step, is a CD4+, CD8+ and TCR+ cell. Shouldn't it be TCR - (negative selection) instead, since it fortunately did not recognize neither the MHC-1 nor the MHC-2 peptides?

[@petitprince9287]

yep exactly I was confused bout this point

[@mariamaria2751]

This guy is a genius , where did he grow up what did his parents do. I'm curious how ppl are so freakin smart

[@supraventriculartachycardi6424]

Ninja nerd always and forever

[@potatochips4930]

Because of you I passed my biochemical exam and I am going to base my immunology exam on Thursday because of U

[@mahalaxmi9172]

this was really fantastic explaination. sir ur really osome..... NINJA NERD IS BEST.

[@danniibucci]

This is awesome! Thank you; all the way from Australia!

[@homerogonzales5604]

You are fantastic sir, God bless you

[@md.yasinkhan984]

This would have taken me hours to learn without this video.

[@wolfie5470]

I dont know what I would do without your lectures! You are so great, guys! Thank you a lot!

[@chosenangel7997]

I listened twice! Its so interesting! I have auto-immune disease and now I know why.

[@itsmeaddie]

Thank youuuuu! Was able to understand this in preparation for my board exams!!