Insulin Receptor and Type 2 Diabetes

Part 2 of two animations about type 2 diabetes.
This animation describes the role of the insulin receptor in type 2 diabetes. It focuses on the very recent discovery of how the hormone insulin actually binds to the receptor on the surface of cells, as determined by Professor Mike Lawrence's laboratory at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute.
Insulin binds to the receptor protein on the cell surface and instructs the cell to take up glucose from the blood for use as an energy source. In type 2 diabetes, we believe that insulin binds to the receptor normally, but the signal is not sent into the cell, the cells do not take up glucose and the resulting high blood glucose levels cause organ damage over time.
Understanding how insulin interacts with its receptor is fundamental to the development of novel insulin for the treatment of diabetes.
Maja Divjak, 2015

[@hungsky1720]

My oldest son is in his early 20's and he has type 1 diabetes. But thank God for this piece of article kzbin.infoUgkxVYhghKWmrUgXARZ_ydZTvmmcrw5L0I5i At first he thought he had the flu and was lying down on the bed for three days until his sister took him to the hospital. They took his blood and it was 600. What I do not understand is how he could have gotten it, since no one in the family has it. But he is winning the battle now. This is good stuff.

[@formicsapien3591]

These researchers and animators need a Nobel prize.

[@formicsapien3591]

Donald Halsted you, on the other hand, do not.

[@ozzie_goat]

FormicSapien I feel the same way about those link spammers, my friend.

[@aryannaghavi3987]

they most definitely do

[@dfghj241]

its completely absurd how complex this is! i love biology!

[@s2h163]

I love God

[@TechyBen]

Wow. Thank you for noting the importance and benefit of being able to "stop" the request even after it has been activated. It's amazing to learn that the system described has a fail safe or delay so it can be adjusted and stopped when circumstances change.

[@lesporches]

The thorough realisation of the insulin receptor complex is an astonishing feat of research and makes for a beautiful animation as well.

[@angelabarlew1484]

Can a person with a type 2 diabetes drink Coca-Cola Zero Sugar? For more information My Profile In About/Bio, How To Treat Diabetes Naturally

[@YoungBuddhaEzuk]

What's up with the extra loud crunch at 0:16 ?

[@IvannaperezElkIP123]

Magnificent video! Very informative!

[@justinkwong8071]

Animation is a wonderful thing.

[@trudyandgeorge]

haha love the sound effects. And dat phospholipid bi-layer son, dayam! Would be sweet to see it in full HD.

[@trudyandgeorge]

Jacqueline White haha, sure you did. Enjoy your Chakras you enlightened star-child

[@leftertiberiuvlad]

This is just superb, I been tryin to find out about "type 2 diabetes control and treatment" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Have you ever come across - Laniley Kansabella Magic - (do a google search ) ? Ive heard some extraordinary things about it and my neighbour got cool results with it.

[@arthur5771]

@@leftertiberiuvlad why do we use insulin to treat diabetic patients when their receptors does not work?

[@vittorpollux5042]

@@arthur5771 The receptors work. The problem is due to lipotoxicity, for instance a high amount of pro-inflammatory cytocines derived from adipose tissue (adipose tissue is an inflammatory tissue). So, a high quantity of lipids in the cell prejudice the insulin role. Besides, in both cases, diabetes types I e II, the insulin quantity is low. So, for we treat diabetes, you perceived that is not just give insulin, but a change in life style.

[@Sam-qp9dr]

i wanna see this in a planetarium or in 3d or something

[@leenminr6553]

This is beautiful!!

[@mael21051982]

awsome, thanks a lot for such a wonderful work

[@fionacostello9783]

This is great!

[@user-cm8xv8wf5b]

great video

[@user-ce3rl4vk3l]

Thank you for This amazing videos, I love it

[@vardhamanist]

Thanks mates !

[@joeimama]

This is amazing! With this discovery would it not be possible to compare the insulin receptors of a healthy person and insulin receptors of a diabetic person in order to see the differences on why the part inside the cell is not starting the cascade in order to activate GLUT4 to start uptake of glucose?

[@Ahmed-Ali880]

thank yoy doctores

[@nancy1352]

yes these researches need Nobel prize my mother has diabetice

[@martinford76]

Awesome

[@khalid6050ify]

What is the fluid in which these proteins move or it is empty like Space, which it is not?

[@sarahthomasburgin6968]

What happens to insulin once glucose has been absorbed? Is it different when there is insulin resistance?

[@lasminisyariatin5378]

Is there a possibility that the drug can increase the number of insulin receptors?

[@spliceosome]

so how does the production of better insulin help for type II diabetes? it look like it's the receptor not working here right? I should probably ask in another place..

[@howlscastle3136]

Happy Chameleon because in the following time the pancreas be don’t produce insulin

[@EdgeOfGamingOfficial]

Do cucumbers help lower blood sugar?

[@nofavors]

How about insulin resistance?

[@johndoh1000]

How would you design an insulin that would last longer?

[@lakshyarajkhatri]

Insulin glargine a longer acting insulin, in which there is addition of two arginine amino acids at the B chain of of normal human insulin.another one is insulin detimir.

[@michaelwescott8064]

what happens to the insulin after it binds to the receptor? what governs how long it stays bound and where does it go once its job is done?

[@miiaaalvarez]

It activates other proteins to make a glucose transporter to allow glucose into the cell for metabolism good question as to what governs how long it stays bound possibly until enough glucose is taken in depending on the needs of the cell

[@arthur5771]

@@miiaaalvarez If type 2 diabetes is about insulin resistance, then why is there still insulin injection for diabetic patient?

[@miiaaalvarez]

@@arthur5771 body either doesn't produce enough insulin, or it resists insulin in type 2 diabetes regardless in diabetes the sugar in the blood is too high and it must enter cells to be processed in order to maintain homeostasis of blood(pH for example) the only way to do that is with insulin when rejection happens it's just that the insulin receptors just don't work as well anymore - they don't respond (likely because persons lifestyle involves decreased physical activity or excess weight) also the pancreas makes insulin and when more of it is needed constantly over time that process can start to not be as productive= less insulin =give patient insulin

[@tarker]

@@arthur5771 It is astonishing that none of those scientists ever mention the source of that to high glucose, and what happens to insulin resistance when you limit glucose input...

[@Xostrich12X]

I don't get it Is type 2 diabetes the lack of insulin production caused by high mortality of beta cells which in turn causes high blood glucose levels? (as stated in your inflammation and type 2 diabetes) Or is type 2 diabetes the high insulin resistance of cells in the muscle and liver not taking up glucose and causing high blood glucose? (this video's explanation)

[@gtac]

Hi Xostrich12X- type 2 diabetes results from one or both of these mechanisms ie beta cell death and the inability of cells to take up glucose due to the failure of the signal transduction mechanism from the insulin receptor. Hope that helps?

[@nikolaygonzales4657]

3 Stерs tо Dеstrоу Yоur Diаbеtеs…Fоrеvеr! twitter.com/daedde27a0f187927/status/804558352671973376 Insulin Rесерtоr and ТТТyре 2 Diаbеtеs

[@tesshalfmonsterhuman9222]

Rеvеrsе Diаbеtеes with а “Раnсrеаs Jumрstаrt” twitter.com/eb5e2f30b3a81792b/status/822776868130521089 Insulin Rесeрtоr and Tуpeееe 2 Diabеtes

[@DanielMitera]

But what is reason that these receptros stop working ? And if they are not working, why insulin injcetion is working ?

[@rajisuja3533]

Yindulin

[@sagacity1281]

This could be incorrect but what we learned in histology was that despite the receptors not working there are receptors that still do work. By flooding the system with additional insulin an adequate amount of glucose is able to be up-taken by the cell. This is why ideally you want to change your diet and workout, insulin can continue to make the problem worse, but most people are not willing or able to make the lifestyle changes that could cure them.

[@arthur5771]

@@sagacity1281 why do we use insulin to treat almost all diabetic patients when their receptors does not work?

[@erwinsamsul4800]

may I use this video and combine it with other videos as educational material for my students?

[@WEHImovies]

Please do use the animation for your teaching! All our animations can be downloaded free from wehi.tv

[@erwinsamsul4800]

@@WEHImovies thank you

[@robinlmorgan1]

Just a layman here with a question: If the problem is with the receptor not taking up insulin or not transmitting the cascade signal, then why is more insulin the answer? If the receptor inhibits the transfer of insulin that does bind with it, why take more insulin and not address the receptor problem? Maybe the problem in inside the cell, not outside. I've also heard that some type of fat coats cells and won't let the insulin find its receptors. I found that confusing, but I've always had the question of resistance and just pumping more of the substance that's being resisted as the answer. Can you explain it to me? Thank you.

[@carlsondcosta549]

I feel that's why we pump insulin directly into the bloodstream so maybe insulin cannot enter the bloodstream naturally that I have injections correct me

[@aureliabackup7313]

@@carlsondcosta549 eating only food with low glycemic index will lower your blood glucose enough for your body to not need massive amounts of insulin to lower it. This makes your cells insuline-sensitive again if maintained for several months and can put type2diabetes into remission meaning you don't have use any more insulin injections or medication to regulate blood sugar anymore.

[@user-ce3rl4vk3l]

@@aureliabackup7313 adding to that if your body become insensitive to insulin means the receptors in almost every cell of your body is insenstive and that is massive problem, you can't fix this huge number of receptor by a drug simply, you need to address the real problem which is what makes them insenstive in the first place and then start treating with insulin, also the treatment for type2 is hypoglycaemic drugs at first with good diet exercises etc.. If you don't do that, your pancreas will increase the amount of insulin they produce to try compensating, but afte a period of time they will be like okay this man isn't taking my advice so fuck it iam giving up and no insulin is produced so type2 will be needing insulin injections if that is the case

[@oop8599]

at first i thought that this is not animation and this is the recorded video using electron microscope loll cool video btw love the sound effects cause it's making it more realistic hahaha

[@victorenriquebernal]

If someone with type 2 diabetes has a malfunction on its receptors and the receptors do not open, how can this person give the necessary energy to a cell?

[@mylovelife925]

how i open my insulin resistant cells again to absorb potassium and magnesium?

[@pedritopedraza8370]

Easy, follow a plant-based diet

[@leroysane3052]

Insulin resistance is caused by fat in inside the cell . The blocks the cascade so remove fat from your diet ( milk -cheese - meat - eggs ) and your insulin sensibility will come again

[@kmcveigh100]

It’s not about what you eat, it’s about what the cell will use. So yes, eliminating fat might work. Also, improving fatty acid oxidation through a low carb approach or just increasing exercise might also work.

[@thomasbasha8681]

@@leroysane3052 Insulin resistance is caused by consistently high blood glucose levels, the best way to reduce insulin resistance is to avoid eating carbs and to narrow your eating window ie intermittent fasting. You can still eat meat and eggs and cheese since they're primarily made up fat and protein which won't spike your blood sugar

[@ashtondrye9375]

I am not necessarily a bot when my mouse moves like I am a bot.

[@WayneDetectorist]

Can anyone who knows who can answer, does the hormone insulin. Increase if someone drinks a bit honey in a cup of green tea, and a touch milk, I can't quite get this answer.. When I search the net,

[@afterxy7169]

yes

[@WayneDetectorist]

@@afterxy7169 thanks for your advise of understanding, but I have already made the choice to cut the sugar *honey* in my green tea, awhile ago. but the milk, I know there is sugar in milk too. But basically the question is, do u create or release different amounts of insulin due to the amount of food or drinks with milk and honey. Or is it, your body just releases what it can at the time its built up too ? I wonder.... There Must b answers, because if there's a question then there must b a answer. XD peace

[@LittleLadyLovebird]

@@WayneDetectorist The beta cells in the pancreas releases insulin according to how much glucose is in the blood. A little glucose = a litte bit insulin released. A lot of glucose in blood = a lot of insulin released. Hope it helps. 😊

[@hatespeechisntreal]

The more take the more u need to keep taking ant it lovely.

[@shema391]

Do people draw this or its a real timed video?

[@joemorgan6738]

It’s animation based on the actual structures of these proteins

[@eireannsg]

We dont need new insulins. We have to remove substances that damage or deactivate the insulin receptors. Unfortunately this video does not give any explanation with regard to which molecules exactly deactivate the insulin receptors and cause that the signal cascade does not develop..

[@5eZa]

There's no profit in convincing people to stop drinking a gallon of soda every day

[@eireannsg]

@@5eZa May they all end up fat and with diabetes.

[@MrPokerblot]

Wow 100’000 diagnosis each year. That’s a million a decade. And will increase I suppose with exponential growth of the population. But what is this epidemic all due too, it’s not just over eating, sedentary lifestyles and more toxins. It’s not because I’m past twenty years it has not just been an epidemic in type 2 which metabolic syndrome but also a massive increase in type 1. Which is an autoimmune dysfunction. So what is causing the type 1 epidemic. 😮

[@luqmanjaya4863]

The sound effects 😭😭😭

[@zealord9399]

It's weird but also satisfying

[@sherrysookhan2431]

Some people making virus to kill out the world and they can't make a cure for diabetes smh.

[@samojerom1046]

Them main problem is not in Insulin Receptor, the main problem in human cells which is stuffed and filled with sugar so they can't accept more sugar that's why they resist the Insulin so the problem not in the receptor but the fatty sugary cells ....... so to fix this you need to fix your eaten habits stop eaten carbs, sweets, fruits, starches, sugars, dairy ..... etc and eat diet food, exercise, intermittent fasting it may takes long time 3, 4 years or more to fix this problem but you have to begin control your diet so that not progress and cause other problems like fatty liver or fatty pancreas which could lead to cancer .

[@joemorgan6738]

That’s actually not true. Excess sugar is converted to fat over time to free up space for more sugar. Bodies have an almost limitless ability to store energy.

[@muhammedjaved786]

Times we are living in, for the first tine in history poor people are fat.

[@yogayantra]

genetically predisposed? Really? So how do you explain that when Japanese emigrated to Hawai, then to the US, adopted the SAD (standard American diet), they became obese and got Diabetes, where their japanese relatives in Japan did NOT? Heredity is so convenient!

[@Edress786]

This is some freaky shit.

[@MrRaybrown007]

Or stop putting so much sugar in your cake hole in the first place.