Interview with the Antenna Man ! His origin story, choosing the best antennas and more

[@DarthVader1977]

Two of my favorite KZbinrs together in the same video! An early birthday present! Thank you Lon and Tyler! :)

[@samson7842]

Best crossover since The Avengers. As always, great information.

[@DaveNLR2]

Thanks for having AntennaMan on. When I was 10, with a B&W TV, I used coat hangers out the window to pick up a TV station about 60 miles away because they didnt sign off at midnight (yes, Im old). That got me into Ham Radio. Now I use a Televes antenna on a 65' tower to DX TV stations from Arkansas. Ive picked up stations as far away as Florida, Cuba, New Mexico, and Chicago. Its a blast. If 6 meters is open, TV channels 2-6 might be. If 2m is open, so are the higher channels. It is a lot harder now that they compacted the band, and the local stations cram up 3/4 of them, but there are still a few open ones to DX on. Have fun.

[@jerrydemas2020]

Dave,whats your location?

[@DaveNLR2]

@@jerrydemas2020 Central Arkansas

[@6actual911]

Thats what I need is a 65' tower to get above the trees

[@mrmartywaring]

I've been following him for a while & he is one of the reasons why I cut the cord

[@traviscunningham_1]

Great interview Lon

[@6actual911]

Antenna Man helped me way down here Southeast Texas. I was trying to get in these 4 way out in the bush TV channels, I paid his fee, he advised what I should buy. And to my surprise we get not 4 channels... but 14 !!! He knows what he's talking about.

[@igeekone]

I'm very optimistic for ATSC 3.0. I hope everything just works as intended. 1.0 issues are what really put people off of OTA TV. With 3.0, we're finally gaining a vastly more reliable service which makes mobile viewing a good experience.

[@yanlaw8488]

Both channels are an amazing combo for all antenna related information.

[@steveh4114]

Excellent ! ... Glad I saw this ! ... wasn't sure I'd go the whole 45 min ... but interesting Geeking on this subject. I may have to pull the trigger on the Antenna Man's consultation. I used to live in a hilly part of West Seattle but got pretty good UHF reception and invested in Tablo, Amazon and Tivo. Now I live in Kent Valley suburb but I feel like in the bottom of a bowl surrounded by apartment buildings. Granted the Apt. shielding is great for noise reduction from the train track and highway, but have had to moth ball my OTA set up because of the poor reception. I got KZbin TV for a few months, but was spoiled by my OTA experience. Now it's mostly KZbin and Sirius Radio for my CATV shows.

[@MarkRowsey]

This was a great conversation! I recently subscribed to the AntennaMan as I wanted to start watching local TV again without paying for cable. Thanks Lon for this amazing interview!

[@dm747]

Very good video with tons of information. It was really nice to see the Antenna Man on your Show. I have followed you both for several years now. Keep up the good work and keep us posted on your progress with your antenna. I sure like my Home Run box.

[@yourneighborhood]

I've been subscribed to both of you for a long time!!! Both channels have great content.

[@AntennaMan]

Thanks for watching my KZbin channel!

[@dibanez_1350]

Hell yeah Good to have the Antenna Man on!

[@RobbieStrike]

Antenna Man is a great channel. Lots of great information about over the air TV and the broadcast industry!

[@MrMikey1273]

Antenna man is a great guy with a great channel. I watched his channel for a few years and finally cut cable almost 2 years ago. Probably wouldn't have been as successful with out information from him.

[@dmo848]

Both of these guys taught me allot. Can't express how thankful I am for y'all n KZbin.

[@tlderose]

Lon and Tyler love both of your channels! It was nice to see you both in one video. A lot of good questions (Lon) and answers (Tyler) :)

[@SpeedBuggy92]

Fun to find out how people get into Antenna TV. I live 60+ miles North of Seattle, which is also 60+ miles south of Vancouver BC. I was almost 11 when JFK was shot. All that was on TV was JFK. I remember watching my Dad go up on the roof and turn our antenna to the North and we ended up getting 3 channels out of Vancouver, plus a local CBS channel 25 miles away that we always got even from the back of the antenna when it was pointed to Seattle. I was hooked. What was fun was in the late 80s when I got a 12 foot dish and was able to watch a lot of cable channels free, and even watch live network broadcasts. I used to always watch Saturday Night Live "Live" on the west coast. Plus, sporting events like Nascar without commercials.

[@brothertax]

So glad you guys did this. Thank you.

[@cityjazzsessions3942]

It’s great to see KZbinrs collaborating vs competing. Keep up the good work!

[@VinylRescue]

Great interview! I'm currently one of Tyler's new customers who's cut the cord over 2 yrs ago and went full on streaming. Now I've killed that due to rising monthly subscription costs! I'm waiting on my new Channel Master antenna that Tyler recommended and we have the NextGenTV out of Seattle that's 32 miles away.

[@HowRay]

Thanks for this, Lon. I'm a little late to the party.....but that's what happens when you're old.!! Good interview. AntennaMan does his thing like no one else. Between the both of you, I think you may have the best of the electronic world covered. Thanks again.!!

[@horizon42q]

What fun! He helped me completely cut the cord 3 yrs ago. Great KZbinr

[@CaseyRoseAlwaysPositive]

OH my Gosh !! ~ Two of my favorite KZbinrs in the same video !! ~ Antenna Man has such a GREAT service & it's gonna save me LOTS of time !! ~ Thanks guys !! ✨🙏✨

[@jimmccarville5152]

That is so cool that you had the "Antenna Man" on your channel and that he did talk about issues with some major networks are on different towers and spread apart like it is here in San Diego. Most of what I've seen is exactly what the Antenna Man described with all the major networks on one tower location but unfortunately not here in San Diego. He is working with me now on how to correct the issues and confident he will help me with the issues I have with CBS reception. I've looked around here in my location for someone that could help and there really isn't anyone or organization that does this and the "Very Few" that do will not work on two story homes because of insurance issues. Thanks for posting this so that many more can learn what they need to know with regards to over the air reception!

[@prolifepac2008]

Love Tyler! So straight forward and full of info on how to get plenty of tv without having to pay or have the government or big corps involved. A genuinely good guy.

[@FishTankKush]

thanks for getting him on .

[@TVJAY]

This is a great video that I will share with the viewers that call my station and ask for help. As a professional broadcast engineer I can tell you interference from appliances and the newer LED light bulbs are becoming a big problem for reception.

[@mk553]

Tyler is great. He helped me a lot in troubles I was having with my reception.

[@tonebonebgky2]

Thanks for having antennaman I learned more about him and enjoyed this episode.

[@tomwatson6284]

I watch lon and anttenna man. I cut the cord several months back. Mediasonic tuner is 28+ buck and has manual channel scan with a signal strength meter. It also has the double click to display signal strength while you are watching. Also with a rotor like the area Lon and I are in, but I am in the middle and need the rotor and thus have to scan channels 1 at time to see where the best compromise angles of pointing need to be for groups of stations. And Televis is my absolute number 1 choice.

[@marksalamon619]

This is one of the best, most informative videos ever. Antenna Man definitely knows his subject well, gained from a great amount of direct experience, and he conveys that knowledge clearly in ways that are easy to understand by those of us who are less tech savvy. Many thanks.

[@kirktatusko7835]

Great interview! Two of my favorite KZbinrs. Based on Antenna Man's channel, last year I took off my Dish from its J pole and hooked up a Winegard YA-7000 antenna and used the existing cabling. Works great for picking up high VHF and UHF signals. I'm about 50 miles north of the Denver broadcasting towers and get all the major stations.

[@Manatarms25]

Favorite live stream of the year ! Great to see two of my favorite channels together

[@bdinnocenzo]

Great interview! You did a fantastic job in getting through so many issues I have with selecting an antenna for use in my attic in a somewhat weak to moderate signal area. Tyler has an incredible passion for what he does and I have enjoyed his channel for nearly a year now. Keep it up Lon!

[@gippyskilks3642]

Thank you Thank you! You and the Antenna Man just going over your every day work was so Very cool! After watching his show for so long it led me to yours thanks KZbin!

[@ColoRadio6996]

Congrats Tyler. I have been a sub to his channel for some time. His content is up to date and very informative. Great interview. J

[@teknerd]

excellent interview. I miss watching Tyler's videos. I'm going to put off ATSC 3.0 lol. I don't think I need it just yet.

[@bobanderson1727]

That was a WONDERFUL VIDEO. Thanks for doing what you do. ...both of you guys.

[@johnny6171]

Hi Lon The Antenna Man interview is amazing - Thank you!

[@shalamigri]

16:55 I bought the Clearstream Juice preamp. I knew I wouldn't want to be going back up in my attic if it failed so I installed it very close to the power inserter right at the main splitter where everything ties in. Signal is perfect on a 4 tuner HDHomerun Connect and 3 other TV's. Also, installing the Silicondust LTE 5G 608 Mhz low pass filter right before the amp was a BIG help.

[@mr50sagain55]

Awesome interview!...Great list of questions!!...I’ve used Tyler’s antenna recommendation service and the customer experience exceeded my expectations!!!

[@davidbarker5957]

Thanks for this in depth discussion. I cut cord several years ago. I even had to build my own channel 5 yagi to get PBS reliably in my Boston market. I've followed AntennaMan for several years and support him with a small monthly contribution.

[@franksteffero7714]

Thanks for having Antenna Man. Among the many things I learned was that I could measure OTA signal strength on my Samsung TV from the Support/Self-Diagnosis menu.

[@craigsutton4903]

I don't know if it's still the case but holding down the info button on a samsung remote also use to give the signal levels screen

[@yourpalfranc]

This is a very rewarding video for me personally as recommendations from both Lon and Tyler both gave me the great OTA experience I'm enjoying today. As far back as nearly 5 years ago I saw Lon's reviews and how-to's with the Silocon Dust HDHomerun. I'd had an antenna setup for many, many years so I ordered the HDHomerun and was really happy with it. Not much later, as I was itching to improve my antenna reception, I found Tyler The AntennaMan, and watched a ton of his videos before actually purchasing his recommendation service. Since then, I haven't looked back. I've upgraded my HDHomerun to the newer Quattro 4K and I'm getting strong reception from 3 ATSC 3.0 stations from the Pittsburgh market (70 miles away) as clear as a bell as well as more than 60 other stations at various degrees of strength. But, I'm just really grateful for both Lon and Tyler for the information they've provided over the years. It's always been top notch, and I look forward to many years of the same, top-tier quality from both of them. Thanks, guys!! ~Frank

[@hardwaredynasty]

The greatest cord cutting crossover of all time! Great get Lon. Right as I'm looking into ATSC 3.0 due to having lost CBS smh.

[@cityjazzsessions3942]

CBS seems to be a menace everywhere! The worst reception on my apps!

[@hardwaredynasty]

@cityjazzsessions3942 and suddenly, after NFL season...it's been great for weeks?! Go figure. And at this point I'm leaving ATSC 3.0 alone due to encryption issues.

[@WhittyPics]

Antenna Man hooked me up with an antenna to cut my cord. Tyler knows his stuff for sure

[@dodoson]

Excellent interview - you brought the best in a guest whose own channel is rife with awkward moments.

[@tlebryk]

Great interview flow and questions for Antenna Man. One thing not mentioned is his never-ending mantra that there is no such thing as a "Digital Antenna". An antenna is just a resonant device that is tuned to pick up radio frequency vibrations, similar to a tuning fork vibrating in the presence of sound waves, except that an antenna is picking up electromagnetic vibrations. The electronics in the TV Tuner converts the minute AC signal induced on the wire into a useful digital signal that is then coverted to an image on the TV. Think about your ham radio license test. You can have analog SSB signals and digital FT8 signals inducing currents on your receive antenna, it just matters how those signals are then converted by the radio gear.

[@wesmckean1443]

Great interview. Been watching Tyler's channel for years, and this is the first time I've seen him put all of his expertise together in one place.

[@RickPaquin]

Great video! Antenna Man has the right info on antennas, but I'm always disappointed that there is not much emphasis on antenna LOCATION. The general rule has been, "the higher the better." That rule works great in Kansas, but NOT in areas where you have ANY trees. I used to get obsessed with antenna design and getting the highest gain possible, but I've since learned that the location of the antenna in your yard is MUCH more critical. For most of us, we have trees, buildings, water towers, and many structures between us and the tower. These structures, especially if they are close, can bend strong signals from upper levels sometimes to the ground. As a test, get in your car and tune in a distant FM station. One you can barely receive. Now drive down the street and you'll find that the signal will quickly bounce from totally clear, to absolutey nothing but noise, even just rolling the car maybe 10 ft. can make the difference between a clear signal and no signal on a distant station. TV reception is the same, in fact for UHF channels it's even MORE critical. One foot left, right, up or down can make a dramatic difference in signal strengh. Before installing ANY antenna, start with a cheap antenna, possibly rabbit ears or a UHF bowtie connected to a device with a signal meter. Roam around your yard and experiment with various elevations until you find your strongest signal for the channel you want to receive. It may be at ANY elevation, even close to the ground. Then chose a good quality antenna, recommened by Tyler and install it at that location. I have a favorite FM station I listen to 70mi away. I found the "sweet spot" for my cheap simple FM antenna within a bush! There is NO other area of my yard that will pick up this station, even at higher elevations of 30 ft. using a high gain FM antenna. It's barely receivable with my car radio, yet I get a GREAT signal within that bush! Why? Because the signal is being bounced from the top of a tall pine tree, directly to that spot. If you're frustrated by poor reception, even with expensive antennas, experiment with the LOCATION of your antenna. Try different locations around your yard AND at different elevations. You'll need a signal meter to do this, but it's WELL worth it. I use HDHomeRun because it has a signal meter solution for Iphones. For Android, you'll have to find their old, discontinued app in internat archieves, but I can report it works just fine on my android phone and makes finding that great signal easy.

[@ThraxMan84]

Antenna's are increasingly becoming more important as there seems to always be disputes with local channels and cable/satellite providers.

[@salsapete2132]

Probably the best and most informative YOU TUBE VIDEO EVER MADE, both of you together on this one video answered so many of my questions and I also made new discoveries on discussions you both found to be crucial for viewers to be aware of you should both receive you tube and Emmy awards for this one broadcast. Job well done gentlemen.

[@jayvalentin5513]

Range Experts antenna! Excellent build quality and great sensitivity, no plastics!

[@pdzh]

I got a small community with virtually no tv coverage due to 3 mountains around them. It's only 13 houses, what I did was build a box on one of the mountains and got 34 channels that people asked for and have 13 raspberry pi4 with receivers on them to encode an udp rtsp streams that people can watch on their TV's, computers and android tv boxes. So those people are rotating who is doing battery charging on what week. So there is a box of 10 deep cycle batteries that power that system on the mountain. Unfortunately we couldn't get a permit for solar or wind.

[@warsurplus]

Can you speak to lightning protection for antenna installation. Attic and outside.

[@stevencole7331]

This was mostly a complete discussion from antenna man to really get an overall idea what your up against installing a TV antenna . I cancelled dish network as I got tired paying for commercials in February. Got a Google Chromecast and did some free streaming but I wanted local stations to watch football . On a video from antenna man I got a long range yagi antenna from top notch antennas . Waited 6 months to get it as it's been out of stock . It was well worth the wait getting 110 stations in a area that the fcc site said I could get a handful and sites like channel master said they had no antennas that would work well . A neighbor had a clearstream antenna which told me I could get many stations in my neighborhood. My yagi picked up more than clearstream . I am concerned that most content like NFL football will only be on a paid service in the near future . Baseball and basketball are mostly that way now . Now you can watch KZbin highlights of games which is decent . Just don't check to see who won and you have a nice condensed version . My plan is never to pay to watch commercials again . If they take that away than I will learn how to churn butter . We do waste allot of time watching media content .

[@MrTubeman123456]

Interesting your videos are helpful i realize if your far away u need a big antenna im 45 50 miles and smaller antennas are just weaker a big one is costly and need right area and place for it ive learned from your videos and many factors involved thank you .

[@rickb3288]

Great interview! Congrats Lon, I'm your newest subscriber. Came across your channel while researching ATSC 3.0. Thanks for your great content.

[@4knate]

Loved this!

[@Ben610]

Great interview. Lots of good information.

[@Atarifan72]

This was an excellent conversation, appreciate the info so much. I do hope I can find an antenna that gets all channels.

[@richardthibert3222]

Excellent info, you led the interview like a master. Great job.

[@frankmcilvenny400]

I am 80 miles away from some towers in Riverside County, The only combination for me that works great to get VHF channel 7 too, was to mount a Channel Master to my chimney, point toward LA towers and use HD Homerun with Plex. Watch recorded shows anywhere.

[@theglowcloud2215]

OTA TV is hard--it's even harder now after the FCC repack. The first thing I tell anyone who wants over-the-air is "don't buy an indoor antenna". Indoor antennas are almost universally garbage; unless you live 5 miles from the transmitter, reception indoors will be terrible. An exception to this is if you're running an outdoor antenna in your attic. Even then, it's situational (eg: metal roof vs. shingled). I install antennas pretty regularly now, even though I'm in IT consulting. The demand is there but there's a lot of information to digest.

[@AntennaMan]

The FCC repack definitely messed things up. It's a shame the agency that's supposed to protect our airwaves sold out to the highest bidder.

[@wrightmf]

old guy here, been around longer than both of you (watched Apollo missions on B&W tv set with rabbit years), and enjoyed the interview. Much of the subject matter I was familiar with but also a good review. I like how Tyler honestly and directly explains why people keep buying junk antennas that he says people should not buy (but they buy them anyway). The techie part of me embrace using various websites (FCC DTV, rabbitears TV), list data on a spreadsheet then confirm results with a TV tuner. I've followed this during the repack which was interesting how they were moving stations around. However, I find myself watching less OTA. The content basically doesn't spark much interest. Movies! channel is sort of interesting, typical TV shows I have no interest. Sometimes I tune into local news but much of it is repeat of what I saw online. Since I've orbited the earth more than 60 times I have seen EVERY episode of old TV shows a few times already. I don't see myself getting that excited with ATSC 3.0 because by that time the content will be worthless for me. My growing majority of video watching is internet like this channel (or this episode because The Antenna Man was featured).

[@markb.8756]

That's my story exactly...even down to the Apollo missions. I'm just getting back into OTA, but like you, thus far I've found the content weak. Some of that is due to my age as the "new" TV shows are weak on script and acting skills. Some of them I'd swear that they'd just rounded up folks from off the street. KZbin and Rumble are pretty much my go-tos now, and Roku. Where else could I watch Perry Mason for the 40th time?

[@decibel_tastic2869]

40 years ago, European Analogue OTA TV was mostly UHF (470 to 860MHz). Televes built their business by solving UHF TV reception in Spain, where Condos of 5 to 50 apartments dominate. Small in-Building UHF MATV co-ax distribution networks required good directional rooftop UHF antennas and good UHF amplifiers.

[@galaxy0088]

Lon. Congrats on you ham license. Hope to catch you on the air. Joel. NF3R

[@nehajain2974]

You make such great useful tutorials... please please please make a tutorial on how to connect and use multiple Bluetooth speakers with raspberrypi.... please I have been searching how to achieve this since so long. Please consider this humble request

[@alexsmith8021]

Great video sir! I feel like you'll get more repeat viewers / subscribers with more podcasts / interviews / documentaries

[@lawyer1165]

In the 1950s-1960s, the time allowed for commercials was limited to something like 6 minutes per hour. Today, commercials seem to consume at least 20 minutes per hour. I don’t know for certain because I record my shows on Sling TV and fast forward through all of that nonsense. I like the idea of having an antenna, but doubt I can sit still through all of the commercials. Of course, recording shows on Plex might be the solution.

[@jaypea5161]

Hi by the way love the info and this is very helpful and keep doing an awesome job giving accurate info

[@paulk468]

I subscribe to both you and Tyler and really cool to hear how he got into Antennas

[@richardpelzer4049]

Nice show. Have a question for both of you. Atsc 3.0 ok will they make a converter that will give video and audio? Some of my tvs have hdmi and coax and component connections not ethernet connections.

[@USMC-Sniper-0137]

Still waiting for him to do a review on Denny's Double Stacker antenna. Maybe the price is out of his reach but I love mine.

[@salsapete2132]

My biggest concern is weather to in vest in zapper box or home runners device for next generation 3.0. Zapper box seems to be more expensive but easier to set up. Home Run seems to capable to pull more stations. Are there any owners out there that can reply with their suggestions on which is the better investment prime day is just around the corner and I am hoping to find a deal on June 11th. But my question is which one is best for me 5 tv,s on network will it work on all sets?😅

[@stephenaulds2925]

Good morning. I'm considering placing my antenna in my attic, but last year I installed a radiant barrier which deflects the sun's heat back out of my ridge vent. I wonder, will this radiant barrier interfere with tv signals coming into the attic?

[@salsapete2132]

There is a zapperbox antennaves antenna, will this antenna pull 3.0 signals without the zapper box or Home run tuner?😅

[@Doug87969]

You have found a cool niche . Awesome content.

[@patrickrice4468]

Tyler boasts about the Televes antenna and I can tell that it is all you see in Spain. Our Televes in Spain provides excellent reception!

[@kevinfry2105]

Powerful stuff!

[@samlazar574]

Well in Australia we use DVB, not ATSC.

[@DaveNLR2]

Antennas are no different for DBV or ATSC, only the frequency range might be different

[@john26262]

My problem is not so much with my antenna. When the TV stations in my area are working right I get good reception but I get TV from some low-powered translators operated by a local television district funded by the county I live in. And they often have technical problems on their end and I often find stations down for a day or two until they get around to fixing it. I don't think there is any solution to this unless I decided to get my station from another source such as streaming and not an antenna.

[@nonstopper1410]

back in the day when you have a tube TV with Rabbit ears, you could get all the channels! now it's a struggle to get the VHF! I think this because of Cell towers are interfering with TV Stations towers ones

[@4immonsemail]

Is ClearStream network tuner a good option?

[@narayananpn4528]

I am using c band dish system now a days 5g mobile net work s are coming here .both c band and 5g mobile are same frequency so dose it interferes c band dish system

[@patuxenthistory6410]

Started out as a kid with pirate radio broadcasting and later on pirate TV broadcasting.

[@avgarza]

What video conferencing software do you use ?

[@LonSeidman]

I usually use Vmix call which is built into my production system. This time we used Skype with its NDI output as Tyler was having some connectivity issues.

[@nikosaek781]

grate interview learned alot but what gets me upset now is DRM.

[@ccfunkster]

Concerning ATSC 3.0, I am about to buy a OLED TV LG or Sony. The Sony has a 3.0 tuner the LG does not should I lean toward the Sony? Both are identical price, but only Lg available at Costco.

[@DaveNLR2]

I used the ATSC 3.0 tuner on the Sony, and the picture quality is much better. Sony's upscaling is second to none as well.

[@jayvalentin5513]

Sony, more reliable. My newest LG set already lost the smart feature.

[@jayvalentin5513]

Sony more reliable. LG already lost the wi fi connectivity.

[@jjones2582]

How do you figure out a situation that seems like interference. Clear reception of a VHF channel in the 200 MHz range then for like 5 or 20 minutes it becomes unwatchable then clears up again. Sometimes it is shorter spurts where only the sound blips out all through the night.

[@DaveNLR2]

Unplug all your wall worts until you find the one blasting out RF. Turn off all LED lighting. If it still fails, see if your AC, or other appliance is running (freezer compressor, etc). Something is probably generating RF blocking the signal. If you find it, replace it, or snap a bunch of chokes on the power cable to it. If its your neighbors house, you are SOL.

[@85gripen]

There's a financial disincentive to ABC (Disney), Fox, CBS (Paramount), and NBC (Comcast) to invest in broadcasting OTA with the income they make from retransmission fees and forcing consumers to cable/satellite where their other television properties reside.

[@jayvalentin5513]

OWN 2 Samsung, one LG and one Sony, hi end units, and I disagree with the comment regarding best tv tuner. Sony takes the trophy followed by LG, Samsung last. I will also add that the differences are minimal, but if you are into dxing, Sony will bring some weaker stations that the others could not. Scanning for new channels is also easier with the Sony because it can add channels without erasing the original scan.

[@joemaldonado3]

YAAY !!!

[@luvdady]

Yeah antenna man is a great source of information. Plus he saved me a butt ton of money with that airsling bundle. Just wish he wouldn't recommend them pinging png cling antenna. Though he's good at that antenna toss

[@carlopez3]

Top 10 Anime Crossovers

[@robintaylor2527]

they took nfl off thursdays on local channel. prime video has the thursday package.

[@TheKingOfInappropriateComments]

Did you ask Tyler if he's a ham?

[@LonSeidman]

I did ! Surprisingly he’s not but I think I got him thinking about it

[@KameraShy]

BUT ... how much TV does Antenna Man himself watch?

[@stevenflorence5838]

Tv stations are not allowed to charge Cable and Satellite providers for their signals this law came into effect in January of 1980 and is currently being enforced by the FCC