Why was China divided before WW2? History of China 1918-1930 Documentary 4/10

[@JabzyJoe]

Thanks Morning Brew for my daily news briefing - sign up for free here morningbrewdaily.com/jabzy

[@theuniverse5173]

Hi

[@Hadar1991]

Could you ad links to pervious parts (or a playlist) in the description or pinned comment when you publish multipart series? Because it is often hard to find previous parts when they are not a consecutive upload or at beginning of the video name has something easily searchable. Tank you. :)

[@hugod2000]

the average height was 5 foot 6. not 4 foot 6. hahaha, but great video. thanks for posting.

[@alphamikeomega5728]

It would be nice if either the map were labelled, or when a faction is named their land on the map were briefly highlighted, to help the viewer keep track of who's who.

[@新思维新思考新境界]

This video is a simplified version of the warlord era. One major mistake: Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing (the north) due to illness, and not in the south when he was invited by the northern warlords to go to Beijing to mediate between Feng Yuxiang's Guominjun (after Feng ousted the last emperor Puyi from the Forbidden City) and Zhang Zuolin's Fengtian Clique when both sides were still technically allies. One minor mistake: Yuan Shikai did not immediately declare himself emperor. He was the 1st president of the ROC (not to be confused with Sun Yat-sen being the intern president udring the Xinhai Revolution of 1911-12 that overthrew the Qing Dynasty. He made himself emperor in 1916, which was hugely unpopular and opposed by basically everyone except maybe Feng Guozhang. Also, Xinjiang passed from Yang Zengxin, to Jin Shuren, then to Sheng Shicai, whilst southern Xinjiang experience separatists uprising called East Turkestan Islamic Republic and the Yutian Islamic Kingdom, which were crushed by northwestern warlords Ma Zhonging and Ma Hushan, with the support from Chiang's central government. But the Xinjiang Wars were not limited to these, as the ousting of Jin Shuren by force by Sheng Shicai was also part of the Xinjiang Wars. Sichuan was the most chaotic province before 1937 when Sichuan warlords finally decided to unite and defend China against Japan when Japan launched full scale invasion of China that year. Some prominent warlords include Liu Xiang, Liu Wenhui, Yang Sen, Deng Xihou, who would sometimes fight each other, and other times unite briefly to counter Chiang's encroachment on Sichuan, or when they fought the CPC's Red Army during CPC's Long March. This province is so backwards that during the ROC between 1912 to 1949, there were no train track or train service in Sichuan. (Apart from Tibet not having any tar roads and Xinjiang not having any power plant and electric lamps unlike Shanghai) But it is this chaotic and warring province that also contributed the most military commanders and statesmen that will ultimately establish the PRC, such as former paramount leader Deng Xiaoping, and marshals like Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Nie Rongzhen and Chen Yi. In fact, Liu Bocheng was blinded in one eye during the war to oppose Yuan Shikai. Some minor warlords not mentioned included Yunnan's 1st warlord Cai E, who was the first to denounce Yuan Shikai when Yuan declared himself emperor. Another one is Sun Dianying, which is most-known for tomb raiding the tombs of past Qing Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi when KMT forces took Beijing. This contributed in part to Puyi deciding to defect to the Japanese when Japan established the puppet state of Manchukuo. Sun's army was then banished to what is today's Inner Mongolia, where the Ma Clique didn't welcome him and fought a minor war called the Four Mas War to Resist Sun. Another one is Anhui Clique's Xu Shuzhen, who led the brief reclamation of outer Mongolia. Others included Hunan's He Jian who killed Mao Zedong's 1st wife Yang Kaihui, Zhu Peide of Jiangxi who led the taking of Hainan island during the KMT's expedition to unify China. Zhang Xueliang's rule over Manchuria was brief, and his most prominent accomplishment was the Xi'an Incident when he kidnapped Chiang and forced him to end civil war with CPC and to counter Japanese invaders instead in end of 1936, less than 7 months before Japan were to launch the full-sacle war with China. By then, he had already lost Manchuria to Japan, who in turn founded the puppet state of Manchukuo in his absence.

[@BrutusAlbion]

History: How complicated do you want your civil war to be? Me: Yes

[@tomli9793]

tno

[@grandadmiralzaarin4962]

Thank you for covering this. The Warlord Era of China is a personal favorite of mine and what I'm pursuing my Doctorate to write about.

[@Nikolaj11]

What's it like to study? Whenever I hear about some media or other touch the subject, the game Hearts of Iron 4 for example, the Chinese government clamps down with the "there is only one China and there was only ever one" stick. Is that something you feel that you have to be aware of while studying?

[@grandadmiralzaarin4962]

@@Nikolaj11 Honestly it is both fascinating...and incredibly frustrating. many of the accounts were lost or not recorded in the first place, there's also a plethora of problems due to the CCP and of course the ever shifting political climate between the West and China. It also doesn't help that it's a largely neglected area of study due to how insanely complicated the situation was with the shifting alliances, names, locations, battles and many accounts conflicting as well as not being available in English. There's also a frustrating bias in most universities towards Greco-Roman study with a complete and willful ignorance towards Asian studies.

[@Nikolaj11]

@@grandadmiralzaarin4962 Yes, I can agree to that final comment. I study history too, no doctorates yet though, but a lot of our material is very european and colonial-centric in nature. Asia and Africa mostly get mentions as peripheral details to the greater theatre of world history.

[@LucidFL]

@@grandadmiralzaarin4962 Greece and Rome were far more important than some squabbling warlords even the Chinese don’t study.

[@grandadmiralzaarin4962]

@@LucidFL I'm not sure what's more amusing, your ignorance or your willingness to display it child.

[@新思维新思考新境界]

This video is a simplified version of the warlord era. One major mistake: Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing (the north) due to illness, and not in the south when he was invited by the northern warlords to go to Beijing to mediate between Feng Yuxiang's Guominjun (after Feng ousted the last emperor Puyi from the Forbidden City) and Zhang Zuolin's Fengtian Clique when both sides were still technically allies. One minor mistake: Yuan Shikai did not immediately declare himself emperor. He was the 1st president of the ROC (not to be confused with Sun Yat-sen being the intern president udring the Xinhai Revolution of 1911-12 that overthrew the Qing Dynasty. He made himself emperor in 1916, which was hugely unpopular and opposed by basically everyone except maybe Feng Guozhang. Also, Xinjiang passed from Yang Zengxin, to Jin Shuren, then to Sheng Shicai, whilst southern Xinjiang experience separatists uprising called East Turkestan Islamic Republic and the Yutian Islamic Kingdom, which were crushed by northwestern warlords Ma Zhonging and Ma Hushan, with the support from Chiang's central government. But the Xinjiang Wars were not limited to these, as the ousting of Jin Shuren by force by Sheng Shicai was also part of the Xinjiang Wars. Sichuan was the most chaotic province before 1937 when Sichuan warlords finally decided to unite and defend China against Japan when Japan launched full scale invasion of China that year. Some prominent warlords include Liu Xiang, Liu Wenhui, Yang Sen, Deng Xihou, who would sometimes fight each other, and other times unite briefly to counter Chiang's encroachment on Sichuan, or when they fought the CPC's Red Army during CPC's Long March. This province is so backwards that during the ROC between 1912 to 1949, there were no train track or train service in Sichuan. (Apart from Tibet not having any tar roads and Xinjiang not having any power plant and electric lamps unlike Shanghai) But it is this chaotic and warring province that also contributed the most military commanders and statesmen that will ultimately establish the PRC, such as former paramount leader Deng Xiaoping, and marshals like Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Nie Rongzhen and Chen Yi. In fact, Liu Bocheng was blinded in one eye during the war to oppose Yuan Shikai. Some minor warlords not mentioned included Yunnan's 1st warlord Cai E, who was the first to denounce Yuan Shikai when Yuan declared himself emperor. Another one is Sun Dianying, which is most-known for tomb raiding the tombs of past Qing Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi when KMT forces took Beijing. This contributed in part to Puyi deciding to defect to the Japanese when Japan established the puppet state of Manchukuo. Sun's army was then banished to what is today's Inner Mongolia, where the Ma Clique didn't welcome him and fought a minor war called the Four Mas War to Resist Sun. Another one is Anhui Clique's Xu Shuzhen, who led the brief reclamation of outer Mongolia. Others included Hunan's He Jian who killed Mao Zedong's 1st wife Yang Kaihui, Zhu Peide of Jiangxi who led the taking of Hainan island during the KMT's expedition to unify China. Zhang Xueliang's rule over Manchuria was brief, and his most prominent accomplishment was the Xi'an Incident when he kidnapped Chiang and forced him to end civil war with CPC and to counter Japanese invaders instead in end of 1936, less than 7 months before Japan were to launch the full-sacle war with China. By then, he had already lost Manchuria to Japan, who in turn founded the puppet state of Manchukuo in his absence.

[@evh1734]

The warlord era is like the "meth binge" period of history holy shit.

[@CannibaLouiST]

Well, Szechuan was after all a plain surrounded by mountainous terrain, bordering Tibet. Even if it was a single sovereign state at the time, railway and road building would still be very difficult.

[@oddiethefox5832]

Thank you!!!! I've been addicted to this era of Chinese history!

[@WildBillCox13]

Thanks for the comment. Edifying.

[@osu3167]

Isn't Sichuan spicy food good?

[@miguelmontenegro3520]

I remember those guys from Kaiserreich. Someone should make a mod about this alternate timeline

[@Makarosc]

I mean Kaiserreich already has a good start on it

[@shevthegreb757]

Hoi4 players try not to perceive history as a game challenge: difficulty impossible

[@latinaloser]

@@shevthegreb757me when i see a joke 😡😡😡

[@lioninthetrenches]

This has got to be the best video on the warlord era done by a history youtuber. You actually cover the whole period and many of the little wars and incidents that get glossed over. Also appreciate that you didn't waste time on anecdotes of the dogmeat general which I feel has been way overdone

[@Δ-Δ-Δ-Δ]

What do you mean with the anecdotes of the General Dogmeat?

[@lioninthetrenches]

@@Δ-Δ-Δ-Δ just read his Wikipedia article. When people cover this era they tend to highlight these anecdotes which I felt has been over done a bit

[@Δ-Δ-Δ-Δ]

@@lioninthetrenches To be honest, I don't want to read that. I assume the guy was like Gregor Clegane or Amory Lorch? (sorry, I'm a huge ASOIAF fan). So I guess people who recount this story centre too much on his depravity and cruelty? I imagine that's your point.

[@lioninthetrenches]

@@Δ-Δ-Δ-Δ yes he was quite a character, cruel but also a flamboyant playboy. The content isn't the issue. My point being that he is a minor player, a pawn even, in the wider story, and there are many warlords with anecdotes of their own. It's just gotten repetitive always hearing about him as he was only a subordinate to a larger clique. It's been over done by history KZbinrs

[@Δ-Δ-Δ-Δ]

@@lioninthetrenches That's my problem with history. I wish I could travel to everywhere, any time in history. I wish I could see all of these "warlords", their personalities, their families. What were their goals? How did they view China and the world? What led them to behave sometimes with such murderous viciousness? That would be very interesting.

[@gequitz]

I was going through you 3 minute vids on Warlord era China the other day. I knew you were working on a continuation of your China trilogy. Looks like Christmas came early!

[@Jesse_Dawg]

This is soooooooo good. I am so happy that this series is continuing. Please make more

[@TheVoiceOfReason93]

"Why was China divided before WW2?" [Points to Yuan Shikai]

[@larshofler8298]

No, frankly the distingeration into fiefdoms already occurred decades before Yuan Shikai, when the Taiping Rebellion happened. Yuan merely took advantage of a situation.

[@TheVoiceOfReason93]

@@larshofler8298 Perhaps, but he undoubtedly helped exasperate and worsen it to the point it was unsalvageable, leading to the Warlords Era.

[@larshofler8298]

@@TheVoiceOfReason93 I think it was kind of inevitable. The power of Qing was already very much in the hands of local officials and warlords after the Taiping Rebellion, with the traditional Manchu army too outdated and corrupt to properly fight. And of course with many competing foreign imperialist powers fostering their local proxies. Once the imperial court fell, those local rulers quickly took the advantage of the chaos and ruled over their fiefdoms like "local emperors". Not just in "China proper", but also in Xinjiang, Mongolia and Tibet.

[@twizz2955]

@@larshofler8298 The Manchu army got betrayed by the chinese governors of the Qing like Zuo Zongtang and Zhang Zhidong, whose creation of mostly han chinese military ousted the Manchu rulers.

[@davidw.2791]

Yuan Shikai held it together but he was a reactionary PoS and so squandered the opportunities to do something good with the country. The war lord period REALLY started after he croaked in June 1916.

[@HistoryOfRevolutions]

Chinese Philosopher Mozi (墨子) once stated: "If one does not preserve the learned in a state he will be injuring the state; if one does not recommend the virtuous upon seeing one, he will be neglecting the ruler. Enthusiasm is to be shown only to the virtuous, and plans for the country are only to be shared with the learned. Few are those, who, neglecting the virtuous and slighting the learned, could still maintain the existence of their countries"

[@Muslim-og3vc]

Keep making videos they are good

[@eljanrimsa5843]

Makes me think Mozi considered himself virtuous and learned

[@LucasDimoveo]

With a period such as this I understand why unification was so important to the CCP

Then you would likewise appreciate the federal government to eliminate the states

[@notyourdaddude1957]

Lol good job believing in their propaganda smart guy 😂

[@axelNodvon2047]

@@notyourdaddude1957 You watched this video and still doubt the intention behind OP’s comment?

[@Bloxx280]

You understand why they seek reconquest/reunification with land/people that the CCP never in history had ruled over? Enlighten me

[@LucasDimoveo]

@ The 50 states didn't have a period of fighting each other during a period of famine and disease. Either way, I wouldn't mind if the states were more autonomous, I was just saying that I understand where the mentality of unification comes from

[@MrLolx2u]

What people don't understand about why Sun gave up his seat in the KMT and gave power to Yuan was because Sun knew he didn't have the capability to beat Yuan in military might. When the whole Xinhai Rebellion kicked off in 1911, Yuan was the defacto most powerful Qing army general out there as he was holding the frontier of China facing what was the Russian Empire up the far North-west. Thus, his army was the most advanced military unit that the Qing had that were armed with state-of-the-art rifles like the Gewher 88, Gewher 98, Austrian Mannlicher M95s, some Krupp cannons and at least a squadron of Maxim MG team. That said, his entire army strength was evaluated to about 150,000 men alone, guarding the entire frontier. Thus, Sun knew right out he can't fight with Yuan as his men were all stupidly outgunned and even after raiding Qing armouries, modern repeating arms wern't a Qing thing thus it was far and few for the rebels too. Sun straight up went into negotiation with Yuan, asked him to negotiate the surrender and abdication of the Qing emperor and then he'll personally give Yuan the presidency in a prevention of another chaos. Thus when Yuan backstabbed everyone and declared himself emperor despite bad policies by him, Sun came back and wrest control from him but alas, too bad that after Yuan died, Sun died not long after. However, that wasn't the end. When the Fengtian Clique formed from the death of Yuan Shikai, they still held tons of modern military equipment, modern stuff that the provisional southern KMT didn't have and one way the KMT did was rally even more funds from foreign Chinese businessmen, mostly from Malaya (Modern-day Malaysia), Singapore, Borneo, Dutch East Indies and Siam (Present-day Thailand) and from these funds, they went out to buy arms too and surprisingly, they were even allied with the USSR at one point who gave tons of military equipment to them and also sent advisors to them to buff up their military structure and from there, 2 clique formed in the KMT themselves. One Communist wing, one ultranationalist wing which, surprise surprise, would lead to conflict later on too but because still up to 1920, the balance of power still wasn't on the KMT's side but at the faction that took over Yuan's constituency and military authority, the Fengtian Clique and now more widely known as the "Beiyang Government" when you lump in the Zhili Clique into it.

[@2SSSR2]

China in the 1920's: damn, so many civil wars. Rome: First time?

[@sudeshjoon9949]

@علئ ياسر because if they did not allied it will result in becoming a colony of Japan. After Japanese surrender they went back to fighting each other.

[@wilsonli5642]

China had, earlier in its history, a Warring States period, a Three Kingdoms period, a Northern and Southern Dynasties period, and a Ten Kingdoms and Five Dynasties period. That's not even counting the many peasant rebellions and wars against invaders, bandits, rebellious tribes, and religious cults.

[@sksksks5072]

rome civil war are villagers stone throwing to each other 😂

[@larshofler8298]

Not even 1920s, but 1860s. The Chinese civil war basically started before the American Civil War, and technically, it still hasn't ended!

[@larshofler8298]

@علئ ياسر Because they faced a common enemy. More specifically, the Communists basically forced the Nationalists to abandon the appeasement policy towards Japan, because sentiment against Japanese imperialism was growing among the masses.

[@johnyutba3951]

A very nice overview for a very complex yet quite interesting topic, very good vid man

[@ComedyJakob]

I love your videos, man. You're one of the best history related KZbinrs and I've been following you for a long time. Keep up the great work.

[@janbaginski1224]

Looking back at your videos it's insane how much you have improved !

[@damascuswinslow2822]

When you really look into the history of China, it really is amazing how it exists to the outside world as one country. It has enough diversity of people and ideas to behave as a continent by itself.

[@twizz2955]

This video actually demonstrates how china isn't actually that diverse. All of these leaders spoke the same language(even those who did not speak mandarin as a first language spoke it as a second and main language, like Sun yatsen, Chiang Kaishek and Mao Zedong), had the same culture and traditions and beliefs. On the other hand, they had different ideas of the political side of ruling China.

[@error5202]

You could make a good Game of Throne style show out of this

[@mukhtarsyajaratun1025]

Theres more: Spring and Autumn Period, Records of the Three Kingdoms, The War of the 8 Princes

[@korakys]

Unexpected continuation of this series! I'm happy though, I think the original 3 parts is what made me subscribe to your channel.

[@Henners1991]

I think it would've been really helpful if you could have used more associative methods here to make the factions and personalities feel distinct from one another. When you're dealing with a totally alien culture and naming conventions, the names all just sort of blur into one. Giving them nicknames or associating each one with a particular fact/act might have made me remember who you're talking about!

[@ravanpee1325]

Who said that the factions have to be that distinct? Many warlords have the same social background

[@Henners1991]

@@ravanpee1325 Distinct enough that the video doesn't dissolve into white noise of names that you're not going to remember 5 seconds later.

[@LucidFL]

If you can’t remember the names then either stop watching, rewatch, or do more reaearch.

[@marcusott2973]

@@Henners1991 every warlord has his own distinct icon, the areas are drawn in and highlighted on a map of China while the names and associations are printed out. Mate you should try and concentrate.

[@Alan-megan]

@Bumbling Brit Lets call them Tom Dick and Harry and perhaps Dick, Jack and Jill, just to help you out.

[@HistoryFirst]

Hi Jazby, I really like your videos, I think for the next survival guide, you should do ming-qing dynasty Beijing, or Tokyo prior to the American bombing, or even the city of Cusco prior to European Invasions. Additionally, I think that a great video idea is looking at who the last and largest group of uncontacted people are. If you ever need help, researching, or coming up with material for a vide, I would love to offer my help.

[@Muslim-og3vc]

Love this series

[@markusskram4181]

Great video as always !

[@jamesgarner327]

Russian civil war : how many factions do you want ? China : hold my beer.

[@hoodedleftest8414]

I’m in love with your Chinese history videos, I’d love to see a full video on the Chinese civil war! That’d be awesome!

[@512TheWolf512]

With how many people died within short periods of time in China all the time, it's a miracle there's 1.5 billion of them today

[@larshofler8298]

Look it was'nt just weapons being outdated. The Red Army was also poorly equipped, but over the years, they were able to outmaneuver their opponents and take over the country. You can think of many similar examples where a marginal, poorly equipped group gains prominence over the time and wins militarily in the end. Also, the famines that were so frequent in China was not a natural fact. The entire Qing era had a more or less stable food safety net that prevented natural disasters from turning into famines and uprisings. But the Opium Wars and imperialist control by the West undermined the entire system, and rebellions broke out and damaged much of the country, so there was no longer a system that could deal with natural emergencies. Modern civilization did not always bring progress, it also brought tons of disasters to people in the colonized world.

[@rashisti]

hells yeah! Jazby has an incredible portfolio of short videos... but i like this its like 10 normal length Jazby videos and all focused on a period of history that Im very lacking in.

[@dapooramericanhomesteadfar7192]

This looks like China was playing musical chairs. 🤣🤣🤣

[@全国外围-r9m]

谢谢博主的分享! 上課资源看這！😉支持见面再付的高端外维！

[@0374-x7c]

Chinese history be like "the wu ching clique engaged the flying panda faction at the battle of heavenly ascension, 20 Million perished"

[@HarvestStore]

Great video.

[@Misky447]

Wait so your telling me tHE Hoi4 mAP iS NOt HIstORicAlLy aCCUraTe... What the fwip

[@ElBandito]

Such a long video. Nice job!

[@wilsonli5642]

Really appreciate all the research and work you're doing on this. Just a little advice on pronunciation, since it looks like you are planning to make more videos on Chinese history with sources using Pinyin spelling: the letter "C" by itself as in "Cao" is pronounced like "ts" (as in "tsar" or "tsunami").

[@theuniverse5173]

For some reason I knew you would upload right now and im not even subscribed to you're channel.

[@RuthlessTragedy]

YES! more chinese history! From a canadian, this is an awesome view

[@MC-gs6cz]

Tibet and Mongolian independences were not recognized by ROC tho. ROC inherited Ching, and has legal documents to back that. To be taken off the Chinese map is not completely correct

[@generalvonkek2496]

You're right but unfortunately some cold war political correctness still lurks in America today.

[@Telco12]

Ehhh de jure your correct but defacto they were independent

[@MC-gs6cz]

@@Telco12 that's not how Georgia separatist regions, showing up maps

[@Avaricumstudios]

Honestly it's hard to distinguish which crime was greater Zhang Zongchang splitting prisoners heads or his poetry

[@davidwilkins3781]

Outstandly good historian.

[@bangscutter]

China after the collapse of the Qing Dynasty: "How many warlords do you want?" *Yes*

[@Muslim-og3vc]

I love this series. I think you should make something similar of the Muslim world from the 1700s

[@jamesflynn6827]

So, how long exactly was "Long" Yun?

[@512TheWolf512]

Long means dragon in mandarin

[@Hadar1991]

Could you ad links to pervious parts (or a playlist) in the description or pinned comment when you publish multipart series? Because it is often hard to find previous parts when they are not a consecutive upload or at beginning of the video name has something easily searchable. Tank you. :)

[@alehaim]

wait, there's more? I love it

[@JabzyJoe]

I'm aiming to get to the Communist takeover - ideally to the cultural revolution if I don't ramble on too long

[@alehaim]

@@JabzyJoe does it include an explanation of the civil war in more detail? I'd love to have a video on the Chinese civil war which is longer than 10-20 minutes

[@korakys]

Welp, I can see why many history channels skip over the the Warlord Era. What an absolute mess. Yan Xishan was the best leader and it's a shame he didn't become the overall leader of China.

[@berniethekiwidragon4382]

兵荒馬亂(Soldiers and desolation, cavalry and chaos).

[@新思维新思考新境界]

He couldn't, as he is not as Machiavellian as Chiang Kai-shek, nor is he as knowledgeable on how to build up and develop the nation as Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping

[@larshofler8298]

No. He wasn't. Whatever you say about the Communists, they did have the best military strategists and the support of the majority of young intellectuals.

[@korakys]

@@larshofler8298 it's hard to imagine that a single organisation could rule a country as abysmally as the communists ruled China under Mao, they did worse than the collective efforts of the warlords. The communists only beat the nationalists because the nationalists had done almost everything they could have to antagonise everyone else in China against them.

[@larshofler8298]

@@korakys No, the Nationalists were never able to be anything beyond a loose band of fascist warlords, outright gangsters and financial opportunists. The Chinese people turned against the Nationalists long before 1947, more like in 1927, when the Nationalists betrayed the popular revolution by massacring leftists, democrats, workers and many rank-and-file Nationalists. Chiang's army, in fact, massacred my city, and my people. The only time my city had such atrocities was NOT under the Communists, but under Japanese invasion. The Nationalist Party after the great purge by Chiang Kai-shek lost control of the country. The majority of rank-and-file members were summarily executed by their own Party boss. If anyone is to be blamed for their defeat, it's the Nationalists themselves. Maoist China was, of course, not an abysmal failure as you claim to be. It was, in fact, the greatest chapter of liberation in Chinese history, with millions and millions of Chinese people having access to basic education, healthcare and public dignity for the first time in history, when the average working people actually were respected and enjoyed benefits and rights they deserved. Maoist China transformed a backward pre-industrial, underdeveloped country into a great industrial power in a few decades mostly autonomous from external help, this alone is a miraculous feat. Despite the catastrophic failures that were part of the revolution, it was overall a great step forward, truly a giant leap for the Chinese people. I can't think of anyone with a sane mind coming to any other conclusion. Capitalist catastrophes happen all the time, killing hundreds of millions of people in just the recent years, and I don't see you ever give a d about that fact.

[@kingofcards9]

The Chinese civil war is literally every online political argument.

[@josephwarra5043]

Ya gotta love a guy with a name like "The Dogmeat General".

[@ElBandito]

'C' in Cao is pronounced as 'Ts'.

[@Anthony-hh3dl]

Japan was able to invade China because the Chinese at that time were not united. Chiang Kai-shek is an internationally recognized legitimate government, and because of Chiang Kai-shek's appeasement policy, the Japanese entered China and occupied the Northeast and further invaded China. Anyone who knows a little about history knows that China was very chaotic at that time

[@larshofler8298]

China was not only not united, it was mostly pre-industrial and underdeveloped, less industrialized than British India. Japan, on the other hand, had a modernized central government commanding an enormous industrial capitalism, funding a powerful military.

[@3dcomrade]

No, the Northeast is under Japan because in 1931 the KMT have just finished the Central Plains War a year prior. By 1933, they have no choice but to give the Northeast as sending Central Army troops might provoke Japan. Leaving the battered, shell of its former self Northeast Army to fend for themselves

[@larshofler8298]

@@3dcomrade In short, appeasement policy. The only people in the northeast who resisted the Japanese were the Communists.

[@farmers740]

还不是因为共产党

[@twizz2955]

False, China was united in 1931, but it was underdeveloped and had no modern military. China's union was in 1928 under Chang Hsueh-liang and Chiang Kai-shek

[@Tjurenful]

Why don't you continue the series, with china during and pre WW2. And than the civil war after. Thanks for quality videos !

[@OrionChen]

If you've read book "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", you should know a Chinese slang in the book very beginning: 天下大势 分久必合 合久必分. Unlike the European history after Roman empire, Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China unified the Chinese character, that make different spoken language people can understand each other in China by literature even people in Vietnam Korea and Japan. This is the most important culture foundation of unified in China. The China's divided before WW2 was nothing special like the period before every great unified dynasty of China. The Warring States period, and then Qin & Han dynasty. The Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern & Southern dynasties, and then Sui & Tang dynasty. The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and then Song dynasty.

[@张洋-h5s]

这个up说他在中国生活过，但我想他在观察这个国家的过程中并没有摈弃某些成见

[@fredeandersen939]

Dates! I want to see which months of which years are talked about at all times!

[@lukaswilhelm9290]

This rampant warlordism and the way you try to explain is unable to be catch up by my brain, but still this is one of very few explanation of this era.

[@galaxyknuckles9000]

Crazy their history of warlords lasted so long

[@asgeir_8914]

Am I the only one that stopped watching every upload after his long break?

[@spartandud3]

Teacher: The test isn't that complicated. The test:

[@therearenoshortcuts9868]

@1:48 emperor has died with no heir -5 to stability

[@mikaeldk5700]

There wasn't two factions of the KMT. There was KMT and CCP.

[@blueciffer1653]

Eh yea their were. Kmt and the much smaller kmt communists

[@davidwilkins3781]

What book sources can you recommend. JABZY

[@StuffandThings_]

Chinese wars are just so different and wild you can't help but be interested by that history. I've always wondered what this period was like because it just gets so heavily glossed over, I mean even the fall of the Qing and the WWII era tends to just be a footnote. I really do wonder if we'll see something like this occur once again...

Foreign imperialists love to deal with a single entity to save cost. Domestic totalitarians love to promote the myth of a continuous centralized empire.

[@berniethekiwidragon4382]

When I was in school, Chinese History was part of the curriculum. We did not go into too much detail with the warlord period, just that we know it happened, Sun Yatsen and Chiang Kai Shek gradually retook the lost territories back from the warlords.

[@eljanrimsa5843]

@@berniethekiwidragon4382 I guess you could make a similar video about the fights between the factions inside the Communist Party in the last decades

[@berniethekiwidragon4382]

@@eljanrimsa5843 I'm not a content creator.😅

[@piccolo4929]

Alot of work went end into this. I gotta get a book on the Warlord Era of China sometime in the future.

[@larshofler8298]

I think Feng Yuxiang is very interesting, a Christian warlord... He was also more sympathetic to the Chinese Left than other warlords, I think

[@zhen86]

Chiang is a Christian

[@truwu8177]

18:51 Lol based, also the division at 19:15 was sexy

[@gabrielcaballero4817]

Could it be said that the Qing Dynasty's decision to decentralize their armies are what lead to this situation?

[@nouhowlmao2809]

Nah the banner system they had was at fault they never centralised it so it stayed from their nomadic past as the jin

[@jacobedward2401]

This era is cool. I've been taking Jow Ga classes, which was developed in the Warlord Era. Also, 6 million died of famine, but Mao isn't here yet to take the blame? 🤔

[@Jason_Maier]

Now during the Chinese Civil War/Second Sino-Japanese War; didn't some warlords still fight on?

[@jstantongood5474]

Feng and any Mandarin word spelt with -eng will always rhyme with lung or tongue .

[@kknives36]

You got some names wrong but otherwise not bad.

[@objective4]

good video, but it's a pity that the chinese names are not pronounced correctly, it makes it hard to follow sometimes

[@masterofallthelakesintown2472]

I can’t believe you Show the Great Country of Tuva as Part of mongolia!

[@ryanjones6384]

All my brain is doing: AAAAWOOOOOOOO... Warlords of China.

[@PenguinofD00mxxx]

always enjoy these

[@ceccoangiolieri3430]

If you played hearts of iron 4 you know exactly who wins

[@siyacer]

If you read history*

[@ceccoangiolieri3430]

@@siyacer it's not necessary. My dumbass didn't even know who Hirohito was but fuck me if i didn't knew where is Yunnan

[@truwu8177]

17:37 Chen Jiongming was the only good warlord

[@klm9440]

Yan xishan???

[@Muslim-og3vc]

10:25 isnt this due to high child mortality tho. Wouldnt those who pass the age of 5 be able to live until 60-80

[@larshofler8298]

No... I think average Chinese at that time couldn't live that long. Also not just child mortality, but general lack of basic medical care, dire poverty, and a lot of violent deaths...

[@nbmag]

The video is a satisfactory overview of the situation in China. My only issue is with pronunciation: Cao Kun and Cai E are pronounced Zao Kun and Zai E. For a more in depth view I suggest the China History Podcast by Laszlo Montgomery. Their series on this era is very enjoyable.

[@nbmag]

Duan Qirui is pronounced Duan Chi-Rei

[@berniethekiwidragon4382]

Cao Kun: 曹錕 Cai E: 蔡鍔 Feng Guozhang: 馮國璋 Duan Qirui: 段祺瑞

[@ctnke]

imagine if in an alternative universe one of these warlords took over china

[@tenchimuyo69]

Most simple civil war in Asia be like.

[@changtaoli2289]

Chinese version of Holy Roman Empire

[@frydog4217]

they never caught a break did they

[@bioemiliano]

I don't understand how China is united to this day, it's a miracle

[@justamoravian1042]

China hasn't been united for over 100 years now. The Republic of China in Taiwan still exists.

[@mr.nobody2191]

The secret is violence

[@calhun4481]

that is what China was like before Mongolian, Manchurian, etc. rule over Han-Chinese. Han-Chinese "China" is northern middle of China, the expansion was due to Mongolian, etc. dynasty

[@cmtwei9605]

To add to what others have said on proper Chinese word pronunciation, 'Chiang' in Chiang Kai-Shek should be pronounced Chi-ang (nowadays it is Ji-ang), two sounds like a diphthong, not Chang or Chung. I strongly urge you to consult a native Mandarin speaker before making new videos on Chinese history, as history lessons with wrong pronunciations of key names do not inspire confidence and seem even disrespectful.

[@rayyankhan343]

Always love your videos jazzy been watching you since you went on that cross continent walking journey you are one of the best KZbinrs I watch Any info on what happened to the various white emigres? I didn’t find much info, turned over to the soviets when the communists took over the mainland ?

[@hagymascsiposgyros5780]

me every minute: i know that from kaiserreich

[@jstantongood5474]

Zhou en lai pronounced Joe un-lye. Not jowe

[@MegaLuka03]

Ah, the battle royale era.

[@Kabutoes]

Is modern Chinese getting popular now because of mods like kaiserreich?

[@mattkacar]

Average height of 4'6 is wild lmao

[@theuniverse5173]

Sup

[@MosheMedia2000]

That was literally the biggest, longest soap opera in human history, that era. The creator of this video was prolly mentally and physically exhausted after making this video. I say the opium use and the psychological side-effects thereof contributed to all this hoopla[Just my opinion]

[@Gylfi0]

Bet those sob's thought they were gonna implant a new, or old one, dynasty, they didn't expect they would have destroyed the whole imperial system, effectively spitting on 3000 years of history. Hopefully China today cherishes and celebrates its beautiful past.

[@jkc3738]

1.37meter tall....You mean all Chinese are dwarves? Have you seen pictures from the early 20th century? 🤣

[@nouhowlmao2809]

Have you seen a starving addict teen soldier?

[@jkc3738]

​@@nouhowlmao2809 Apparently the channel got the numbers wrong... so stop talking you idt

[@premchopra6521]

why do you people always make Tibet look small? don't underestimate tibet

[@jstantongood5474]

Ren sounds like run in English. NOT like the bird, wren.

[@cmtwei9605]

But in everyday speech, it's more like 'yun', the r is not stressed at all.

[@jstantongood5474]

Feng rhymes with lung.

[@rogerr.8507]

Post dogmeat generals poetry!

[@a.bastianwiik5592]

Ma= Muhammed if you wonder why so many had that that name. Xinjang and Hui areas were mostly muslim.

[@redacted7060]

And people says that china is better before 1949

[@jkc3738]

you idts .

[@NguyenTran-mf9gj]

That's Western propaganda for you. China before WW2 is unstable and chaotic as hell.