Conversational Old Norse

[@JacksonCrawford]

For the much-requested "I love you," see this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/lXzMhWijf8qLf5Y

[@evanwilliams8515]

Jackson Crawford- don’t know if you still check comments on this. I have a question regarding the simple hello: why is sæll pronounces “sike”?

[@therat1117]

@@evanwilliams8515 It's more like 'setl', with the tl pronounced as one sound. Look up Welsh 'll', Xhosa 'hl' or Icelandic 'll' for the sound.

[@adamconlon7729]

The background in this video looks like a Bob Ross painting 🤗

[@Geldnir]

WHY HAVEN'T MORE PEOPLE NOTICED THIS?

[@Noone-rc9wf]

Storkz Holy fuck, It looks so much like one I slightly think it IS one!!

[@Theaussieheathen]

He is like the bob ross of linguistics

[@seaxavier]

I'm more confused because I thought he's using Greenscreen or something. Because none of the backgrounds are moving. Then when he left the scene at 5:40 my mind was blown 😂

[@The_dude94]

That was my first thought when I opened the video.. second thought was "why not just make the video indoors where it's warm?!

[@alexbowman7582]

I live in Scotland and we say in our dialect huis for house, haim for home, nae mer for no more, brun coo for brown cow, ut for out, nae for no, stain for stone. I've heard that the fishermen in the Northern Scottish islands talk to Norwegian fishermen in a language that's neither full English or full Norwegian.

[@hrafnkellhardarson9206]

The Norn language (extinct) was used in the Northern Scottish islands and it derived from Old Norse. Jackson Crawford has made a video I think about Norn.

[@unknowuser1843]

So.... there's a Norwegian version of spanglish?

[@Pepespizzeria1]

Always find it funny that Scotland the brave has we fought off Denmark in the lyrics but it's more likely they just integrated and the language reflects that

[@fartsofdoom6491]

Fascinating how Icelandic uses "What do you say?" for "How are you?" In my native German dialect (Tyrol) we use much the same phrase, though we actually say it as "What does he/she say?" I always found it a very weird phrase, and as far as I know, it's not a thing in any other German dialects, which is why this parallel with Icelandic makes it infinitely more interesting.

[@vonelmendorf]

Thank you for this fantastic channel. It's a treasure trove for those of us trying to teach ourselves Old Norse. It's very, very helpful. And thank you for teaching the linguistic and grammar essentials without dumbing them down.

[@flensdude]

In my regional Norwegian dialect from Helgeland, for "How are you doing" you can say *"Keleis e' det med de'?"* (lit. _How is it with you?_ ), and for "How are you" you can say *"Ka du sei?"* (lit. _What say you?_ ). The usual response to the latter greeting is "E sei 'kje så mykkje" (lit. _I don't say so much_ ). These phrases seem to reflect some of the Old Norse greetings you proposed.

[@willek1335]

I don't see a comparison to the american "how are you doing" greeting, as Norwegian. As a greeting, it's not something a random shop clerk would ever ask me, but can sometimes be used between neighbours, friends or people who have an affiliation. Sometimes informally, but mostly used as a literal question. If people, who don't know me, they usually say it as a literal question of interest, e.g. a caretaker. Over my 3 month stay all over US, random people asking me have I am was a bit of a culture clash.

[@torbenzenth5615]

Thank you Dr. Crawford

[@makk0]

You misspelled Þǫkk :)

[@evalouisefowler]

have you ever considered doing a narration of your books in the original and translation for audible?

[@nikburisson9-pissedoffpeasant-]

newt darkly Do you mean telling stories of the Gods? I was hoping Dr. Jackson Crawford would do some stories based on his translations. I think the Dr. would be great telling stories with factual information.

[@evalouisefowler]

i mean like stephen fry' mythos and neil gaiman's norse mythology. but with the originals read out as well.

[@saatvikam]

He's mentioned in the past that his publisher doesn't do audiobooks so it's very unlikely.

[@juliaconnell]

ha - I was just thinking the exact same thing the other day - an audiobook would be great - & if his publisher doesn't do audiobooks get a new - or another additional one

[@elfarlaur]

He's with Hackett which is a respected scholarly publisher. They tend to stick to material for scholarship more than entertainment.

[@tapanilofving4741]

Have you studied any bit of the ancient Finnish poem collections called "Suomen kansan vanhat runot"? The oldest poems are dated to be from at least from the Viking age and they might contain information about Norse mythology as well. I think the collection contains something like 100000 poems.

[@mlepola1]

Va djer tu....vadan er tu.... you can find this language relics in Northern Osthrobothnian Swedish Dialects in Finland.

[@herrTobiasAstrom]

The Finnish language is not even remotely related to the Scandinavian languages like Norse, Danish, Icelandic or Swedish. Swedish is a minority language in Finland, but I, as a Swede, would understand "Finnish poem" as written in Finnish not as written in Finland. Neither Finland nor Sweden were nations in the Viking age. The cited text is in Finnish.

[@ximono]

> No equivalent to "you're welcome" in any of the Scandinavian languages In modern Norwegian/Swedish we say værsågod/varsågod (lit. "be so good") as a reply to takk/tack. I was surprised to hear that they didn't in old norse. What did they reply then, when someone said thanks?

[@DH_Artist]

Just an intense stare and a flare of the nostrils I suppose 😂

[@aerobolt256]

Maybe they did the thing where people just respond with “uh-huh”

[@billn.1318]

༼ つ ◕_◕ ༽つ Looks and sounds very similar to Icelandic. I know a few Icelandic words and it is very much close to Old Norse.

[@kellyezebra]

Hey, just thinking it’s been a bit since I’ve left a comment and wanted to say, thanks for sharing your knowledge with us and that I’m eagerly awaiting my first copy of one of your books from boulder, and how glad I am to see you blossoming from being able to share your scholarship from beautiful spaces!

[@PrussianJaeger]

That is very high quality audio outside.

[@supermikman2075]

This is so cool, a cowboy teaches us Viking language. 😂

[@sandskeletor1]

I still watch these all the time there still language learning from it many teaching here but thank you always for putting these up

[@hotspurre]

Oh, interesting, I see that the construction "Hvat er med asum? / Hvat er med alfum?" is exactly the same in _Thrymksvida_, where Thrym addresses Loki.

[@atomicpalms]

I've missed the videos focusing on grammar, thank you!

[@gearhead1234]

Great video dr Crawford! I appreciate all your work sir. Cheers! 🍻 I'll give it a shot... Ek em frá Jórvík... (PA, of course.. Lol). Very interesting indeed

[@BlastKast]

In Danish, after you thank someone for the food, you typically say velbekomme, which in recent years has been used as an equivalent to saying you're welcome in English. It isn't formal speech, but I don't think it's entirely correct to say that there is no you're welcome equivalent in the Scandinavian languages

[@faramund9865]

(warning, this is endless rambling about the Bergakker inscription) I realized the gap between poetry and 'formal' language and spoken language, as well as time time gap, the most, when I read the Bergakker inscription. Supposedly being 1500 year old Dutch, it was of course just Germanic. And the words that were used were completely unknown to me (from my modern language). A Kesia, that you may know from Thorsteins Vikingssonar saga, is mentioned. A name is mentioned, Haleþewaz. And then a poetic means to say 'to cut' is used, which I'll freely translate to 'giving lays', where a lay was a cut. Where the Kesia too is most likely a Gaulic loanword to poetically state a lance or spear. Funnily enough I managed to crack it through Gothic and Old Norse (and obviously by reading what others had to say about it). So I suppose Gothic and Old Norse are closer to Proto-Dutch than modern Dutch is to it. Which isn't too crazy as Gothic is from the same era and Old Norse from a few hundred years later, whereas modern Dutch is 1500 years away from it. Although I'll mention that þewaz, a servant, still exists in the verb 'dienen' (*þewanona). But for some reason we've reinvented the word þewaz by forming a noun out of the verb 'dienen', which is 'dienaar'. Because I think þewaz would have become something like 'dieuw', which simply doesn't exist as far as I know. And that 'ann', "he gives", infinitive *unnaną, still exists in Dutch 'gunnen', which is the outcome of *ga-unnaną. And is hard to translate to English. It doesn't literally mean 'to give', but rather, to believe someone is deserving of getting something (usually good). Although, if I say it in the imperative. "Gun die jongen toch ook een beetje". Then I'm telling you to grant a little bit of whatever you have to this boy. So then it does mean 'to give'. People often say: "Gun mij ook wat", give something to me too. And 'misgunnen' is to wish someone will not get what they're trying to obtain. Or sometimes literally not to give them what they want from you because you don't want them to have it.

[@Jormangunder]

You are awesome, thanks for sharing your knowledge.

[@a..c..2469]

Thank you for the educational benefits of your lessons

[@arnimellner3357]

thanks, professor!

[@ajbroch1625]

You’re welcome in danish has different expressions depending on the situation. If someone is thanking you for something you’d use “selv tak” which is like responding thank you too. Another version is “velbekomme” that is commonly used when wishing for people to have a good meal, but it can also be used as a more formal way of expressing, you’re welcome. That last one is “tak I lige måde” which is like saying thank you and the same to you. It’s used if someone wishes you well or gives you a compliment. So we do have ways of saying you’re welcome.

[@susanolson3611]

It would be awesome to hear you speak in Old Norse for several minutes, maybe with subtitles. : )

[@brokenursa9986]

Now I know, the next time I'm threatened by a viking, I can say "Ek em vinr," and hopefully he won't kill me.

[@majnjord]

Interestingly, the "Do so well" in the sense of a "You're welcome" exists in Sweden today as well, in the phrase "Varsågod". In Swedish, Danish and Norwegian it's a contraction of the same "var så god" which means "be so kind/good", like "be so kind [and accept this gift]", and is something you can say when urging someone to do something, like taking a seat at a table, starting to eat dinner or when you offer someone a gift. But, pretty uniquely for Sweden I think, in modern Swedish you can also say "Varsågod" as a reply to a thanks, which really doesn't make much sense. It most likely has no direct connection to Old Norse, but a funny coincidence nonetheless.

[@MidgardMusings]

Wonderful information, as always!

[@Bee-tg3un]

Thank you so much.

[@zvidanyatvetski8081]

Gerðu svo vel is still in swedish in the form of "Var så god/Varsågod" which literally translates as "Be so good"!

[@MrWarCraft3Fan]

Hello professor, if you read this, thank you for your work, I study swedish.

[@bobsigurdson656]

SoparnikmVJ

[@MrWarCraft3Fan]

what does mVJ mean? :D

[@5ar_]

Soparnik Me too. How is your Swedish so far?

[@christofferloskold3511]

Please dr Jackson do a video about old swedish! But also how the language developed over time. :) You do a great job. Hälsningar från Sverige! :)

[@guitarmageddon3570]

I'm working on a character for a DnD campaign who is heavily inspired by "Vikings" but in the most historically accurate way possible (I basically want to teach my friends history while we're playing lol), and I wanted to learn Old Norse for my character. This video along with your others have been so helpful to me, as someone who doesn't have the time to fully study the language (yet), to just pick up the basics I will need

[@scottsanett]

Sæll kennari minn!

[@syn16]

How do u roll your R’s so good😱

[@miguelkeeler7747]

I'm a bit confused. I got a textbook that teaches Old Norse/Old Icelandic. Good is "Góður", morning is the same... Does "Góður" become "Góða" when it's used with "morgun"?

[@DieseNuesse]

hey, when do i have to use the ingwaz rune and when not? (especially for the word hamingja)

[@KungKras]

You should have included Gardariki, Miklagardr, Holmgardr, Bjarmaland, and Serkland in the list of place names ^_^

[@saxebbel1986]

What do you mean there's no "you're welcome" equivalent in any Scandinavian language? What about "varsågod"?

[@georgerickard5509]

«Bare hyggelig» = You’re welcome, in Norwegian

[@frostflaggermus]

not in all dialects though

[@game-enjoyer13]

@@frostflaggermus Seems to me like ireland and norway have the most diverse and spread out dialects. But i’m assuming you can get by perfectly fine by just mastering Bokmål which is what i believe all if not most courses teach

[@AlexanderGarcia-pg8pf]

I have a very specific request please. This is going to sound strange, but i need some audio translated… if you can help me please let me know and i’ll tell you more about my specific request. Thanks

[@karlnjackshomebrew1648]

I understand all that with todays Swedish.

[@Rippingcartar]

So i can use old east norse as Ƿell for conventation

[@ingmarbm]

In Faroese, we rarely answer "hvaðan ert tú" (where are you from) with "eg eri frá" (I am from). Depending on the place name, we are úr (out of), av (of) and occasionally frá (from). I am, for example, úr Føroyum, not frá Føroyum. I believe Icelanders say they are af Íslandi, not frá Íslandi.

[@skipstadvolhardt]

No, in Iceland we say "frá Íslandi" :)

[@thorodinson5201]

for some of these words is kind of hard to say cause I cant role my toung on some words lol

[@markcash2]

Is Patreon like crowd-funded release time?

[@IanAannevik]

Dr. Crawford, what is the connection between Scandinavian Folklore and Old Norse Mythology? Do you have any videos on this, or are there any good sources? Thank you from a Norwegian student in Bosnia. Huge fan.

[@revilo00]

Ian Aannevik Good question! Hope he answers this

[@majnjord]

Hi Ian, I'm no expert but have studied some Swedish folklore and is somewhat versed in Norse mythology. Regarding folklore, the subject is pretty broad, so it would help if you could specify what you mean with it. Are you talking about tales, rituals, art, music, customs and rituals, superstitious beliefs? Generally speaking, most Scandinavian traditional folklore is a very messy mix with some roots in Norse mythology, often very heavily centred around Christianity (which after all has dominated Scandinavia for the last 900 years). The interesting thing about folklore is that it is ever-changing and always has been, which means it's always very difficult to determine any clear connections to anything.

[@christy734]

💖

[@Jon-un6pn]

In Fræna (Fræni) we use "ilt" as an expression of pain.

[@Jon-un6pn]

"De e ilt" (Det er vondt)

[@VeznansDeadbeatDad]

Ayyyy Bloodhound

[@thetenchijuri]

Dr Crawford in your proffesional opinion would you say that icelandic is the language more closely related to the era of vikings over norwegian?

[@lajakl]

He has a video where he addresses this on the channel. It's called 'Old Norse and the Modern Scandinavian Languages'. The short answer is that structurally, grammatically and for the vocabulary Icelandic is much closer than Norwegian but that all the languages have changed in various ways.

[@thetenchijuri]

lajakl awesome thank you ill check out that video also!

[@saatvikam]

Here you go! Old Norse and the Modern Scandinavian Languages kzbin.info/www/bejne/gGG7eIKOlJ1qr8k

[@thetenchijuri]

Kate Elliott thank you!

[@kellybraille]

Halfdan Ingolfsson How wonderful to see an Icelander here! I am from the American south (Texas), and I wanted to respectfully let you know that here, a slight nod and touching the brim of a man's hat is universally seen a sign of respect. It is meant, in part, to show that one's shooting hand is not near the holster of a gun (there is quite a bit of etiquette that has developed around firearms in this country.) And, of course, Dr. Crawford is outside. If you are interested, here's a short article touching on the subject. Skál! :-) bernardhats.com/all-about-hats/cowboy-hat-etiquette/

[@elkknowsbetter3199]

The faroese still use Ðð in like (Maður,Mævur,Man,) (Veðri,Vegri,Weather) we also use Ææ Íí Øø Óó

[@gnuling296]

They don't pronounce it like it used to be, though.

[@allieluo3046]

Why do you pronounce á like o?

[@BreninCyhyr]

That's just how it's pronounced in old norse. Kind of like the o in "coffee" but with a heavy nj accent

[@herrTobiasAstrom]

This might be what old norse would sound like spoken by someone with a heavy American accent. Especially the R and the L reveals the speakers origin. Or are there any evidence that old norse were pronounced closer to American English than to modern Scandinavian languages?

[@randomguy574]

I made this 1k-1.1k

[@juliaconnell]

new intro? I am the Rocky Mountain?

[@MX8864]

It appears to me that old norse sounds like modern icelandic read by a german.

[@rampantmutt9119]

Honestly seems more natural to just speak Icelandic, so then you can know the correct pronunciation and ways of communicating while also still sounding a lot like Old Norse and being structured very similarly.

[@andrewtheworldcitizen]

Dr. Crawford's drip is lookin' pretty illt... and by illt, I mean gott...😅😅😅

[@thegnome8207]

ek em frá Færeyjum

[@mo_shiota1637]

hjalp hjalp

[@zeth8300]

Sounds Similar to german

[@gnuling296]

It's very different, though. They have significant differences in pronunciation and even where the pronunciation is similar, sound changes have led to the sounds being distributed differently.

[@zeth8300]

@@gnuling296 if you look up the history proto norse comes from proto germanic and german comes from.

[@gnuling296]

@@zeth8300I know the history of Germanic languages perfectly well. It doesn't change my point.

[@zeth8300]

@@gnuling296 well thats on you mr

[@zeth8300]

@@gnuling296 here is all here dude en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse

[@MatejRRL]

Hello (=

[@bishalsaha1526]

I m here after god of war