Katherine Freese Public Lecture: The Dark Side of the Universe

[@Kalumbatsch]

0:00 Intro 0:25 The person who introduces the person who introduces the speaker 2:40 The person who introduces the speaker 6:10 The speaker

[@colinbyerly5212]

The danger with Trump is he has not been able to use his leadership to arrest or fully reach inside to affect institutional compromised placed leadership . Musical chair agency heads are a infection that spread . And remove anyone that’s really trying to Blow the whistle when the justice system will be set up to make it go away and then have people except except except

[@AnnaLVajda]

It's like a book with a forward from another author.

[@thedouglasw.lippchannel5546]

You should try CIG Theory. Nobody introduces me.

[@coastwalker101]

Super public talk which is accessible enough to go on TV and much more informative and entertaining than the documentaries overloaded with dramatic music and flashing video that actually are on T.V.

[@menialharpsichordist553]

so glad theese lectures are available online!

[@Fransamsterdam]

Perimeter Institute shows once again that it IS possible to make a good video including good sound recording, which is still NOT trivial for scientific institutes in 2016.

[@tomglenn4227]

Fransamster

[@alb.1911]

Easy when you have money to pay professionals and not relay on the average student skills... ;)

[@ossiedunstan4419]

Pity they can`t post actual science instead of this rubbish.

[@garretttedeman]

Superb talk. Plus, there's a couple of new tidbits in there that the presenter gives us with regard to the direction of recent developments ...Sometimes, it's just so much fun to see new stuff on KZbin :-)

[@darkmath100]

One question: Katherine Freese said all the galaxies around us are moving away from us on average and that there is no "center" from which we see galaxies move from. But how is that possible? If the Universe expanded from a single point in all directions then any point between us and what was that single point will accelerate half as fast as we are and therefor appear "slower" in its expansion. What am I missing?

[@ggrrttzz]

here someone tried to explain but not very convincingly ... math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/GR/centre.html

[@broggsey]

darkmath100 isn't it just that the universe expanded from a point in space, not a dot but a point without a radius.

[@darkmath100]

Yes but the question is how did it expand after the initial explosion or "Inflation". Did it expand in a sphere or on a plane or what. I don't know.

[@broggsey]

darkmath100 after the initial inflation I think it expanded at the speed of in all directions so like a sphere. going from a point to something a significant fraction of the size of the universe in a fraction of a second, expanding into nothing and creating space time as it goes defies description with commonly used language. I think what I'm saying is your question would make sense if physics did

[@broggsey]

I mean if physics made sense then the answer to your question would be there must be a centre, sorry I didn't mean to sound rude

[@WonderzStevey]

Please don't stop these video's, would be a really sad day when it happens.

[@deeliciousplum]

I 2nd @Albert Roetz's comment.

[@dickhamilton3517]

go to 6:20 to skip the guff.

[@davidinmossy]

Thanks I was looking for this comment lol

[@elaghs1504]

Please explain the phenomenon of time dilation in particles such as muons.

[@28OsO82]

skip the preamble 6:17

[@richardj163]

Exciting times we live in, at the cusp of fascinating discoveries.

[@fornax333]

This was one of the best explanation of dark matter I have seen and now I have learn that it is yummy also. Grate video!

[@awuma]

The talk begins at 6:14

[@sorenos]

+awuma We need more people like you

[@kevinowenburress2435]

Well we know that relativity causes energy to be lost to gravitational waves.. so energy is lost.. so why so much dark energy? Also do you think gravitational waves have something to do with the formation of the spiral arms in the galaxy? Such as from the merging of black holes at the center?

[@leahrockstar]

Great lecture, I'm now thinking we may have the big bang slightly wrong, if there is no center (singularity) then it kind of rules out what we think of the big bang. We have to to imagine other possibilities.

[@20ZZ20]

huh? there's never been a centre lmao. that's not an exclusion for the big bang theory. it wasn't an explosion and doesn't need a centre because that initial singularity was everything, and at the moment we assume there was a singularity, even though we don't know what type of singularity it was. and either way the big bang theory doesn't try to explain what the singularity is or how it happened. so the big bang theory is still the prevailing theory for the creation of the universe.

[@DugLest]

Every point of space is expanding at a slow rate. The newly expanded space expands as well. Not only does this explain the acceleration of the "expansion of the universe", it also explains gravity. The more space in between points, the faster that space expands between those points. When lots of matter is close together, although the space in between the matter expands at the same rate as the rest of that, the cumulative space between the cluster of matter is so much smaller than the cumulative space outside of the cluster that objects close to the cluster of matter will always be closer unless actively moving away.

[@ianmorgan889]

I think Supersymmetry is no longer being searched for, String Theory is circling the Pan as well.

[@truthisaquestion]

58:20 Best question I've ever heard. She totally danced around it. That's because it's not a particle. These people smash invisible objects together. Some math equation happens to describe part of a collision and suddenly we have a new fundamental particle? ...only philosophers are trained to create theory. Physicists design experiments to test a hypothesis ...not a theory. Engineers build it. ...math people extract information from raw data. Philosophers are trained in logic and the analysis of concepts. They extract meaning from raw information. QM is based on equivalence relations. ..Kinda hard to be a scientific realist when you lack the identity relation (AKA "equation") in your "fundamental equation".

[@ikaeksen]

With the two 100 kilometer future accelerators, they can find the wimps?

[@Jason-gt2kx]

My hypothesis that Dark Matter is not a WIMP, but maybe is a deformation of space-time by which the curvature of space-time ALONE is the cause of the gravitational effect. Gravity is the consequence of the curvature of space-time. It may be possible that the structure of space-time itself could be warped without the presence of mass. Space-time has been shown to react like a fabric by warping, twisting, and propagating independent of mass. These properties have been proven with observations of gravitational lensing, frame dragging, and now gravitational waves. Fabrics can be stretched, pressured, and/or heated to the point of deformation. Such extreme conditions were all present during inflation, so it is plausible that space-time’s elastic nature could have hit its yield point and permanently deformed. Therefore, if gravity is the consequence of the warping of space-time, and fabrics can be permanently deformed, then a deformation could create a gravitational effect independent of mass. DM could be a microscopic black holes with no mass at the center, so they wouldn't lose their strength via Hawking Radiation. Prediction: Spacetime's elastic property hits a yield point, so only that part of geodesic's "stretch marks" would remain after inflation stopped. These steep gravitational wells would not follow the inverse square law. They would be steep tiny gravity wells.

[@kugelblitz8086]

That would be sad to accept.

[@koori3085]

Not condemning her science, but does anyone think she had a cosmopolitan cocktail or two before the lecture? Or is she just shy?

[@cymoonrbacpro9426]

“We have nailed it” she says, Famous last words, goes with “you can’t sink the titanic”, we all know what happened to the “titanic”.

[@56Long21]

Katherine is on the Science Channel for the series of the various Cosmos programs.

[@Adrian-uc4ox]

I thought the Universe was infinitly expanding...? How could there have been matter out a Infiniti prior to the big bang? The universe is infinitely expanding with a finite amount of matter within it.... 12:50 A point in time? Not space? Infiniti also was not existant prior to the big bang.

[@jaredprince4772]

Infinite matter, not finite. The universe didn't go from finite to infinite. It went from dense to less and less dense as it expanded and continues to expand.

[@ananiasacts]

Wouldn't dark matter tend to collect in neutron stars and cause them to collapse into black holes without any infalling normal matter to account for the collapse?

[@awuma]

21:09 Forward to: Zwicky, F.; Zwicky, M.A. (1971), "Catalogue of selected compact galaxies and of post-eruptive galaxies".

[@shadow3brigade3SBX3]

Excellent lecture, thanks PI4TP. This is a great moment;) 31:17 If you only knew the power of the Dark Side, indeed.

[@DangerDave-e7u]

I hope you brought enough raisin bread to share!

[@anshulbhardwaj4038]

If there are dark matter then why it does not cluster like other matter and form dark galaxies why is it only in the other boundarie of galaxies ???

[@mikelouis9389]

Collapsed unexpressed very weakly interactive dimensions?

[@ismailassenjee5914]

How is not the same as Why .I can explain the mechanism of a watch is not equal to the watch did not have a designer,manufacturer,maker,creator

[@coastwalker101]

+ismail assenjee I assume that you are indirectly trying to say that Cosmology bothers you because it seeks to find out things that might conflict with your choice of "Why". I do not think you understand what you are attacking, cosmology is not concerned with the kind of "Why" that you seem to feel threatened about. You might be better off debating the subjects of Philosophy and Cognitive Science which do have something to say about the sort of "Why" that you are probably interested in.

[@ismailassenjee5914]

Science is an attempt to understand and discover the facts about the physical world via observations and reasons based on those observations .God created the physical world and therefore can't be observed in the physical world.God is a metaphysical reality .

[@jelenamarija5781]

+ismail assenjee god is nowhere..so stop mention it,its boring that in ewery science talk someone brings up religion. stop with these old belives and superstisions from ancient world its redicilues

[@Goettel]

+Star Trek Theory Example?

[@jelenamarija5781]

Star Trek Theory true... if u just think that two guys 1700 years ago took scripts they liked, bundle it together and left the smart stuff out and now ppl call that bible and belive ewery word?? you must be dumb as a crecker to belive that crap not to mention going to the church and suplay more money to the fat pedofiles ewery week....its redicilus

[@phdtobe]

Unfortunately for the first potential method proposed to identify WIMPs as the basis for “dark matter”, the simplest types have not been detected by experiments using the Large Hadron Collider. In fact, none of the simplest forms of hyposethized supersymmetry particles have been detected. Oh, well. 😉

[@Curelet]

See also the live blog of the event www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2016/03/02/the-dark-side-of-the-universe-a-live-blog-event

[@AS-cy1jt]

why couldn't dark stuff be electromagnetic fields, seems to me that would satisfy all the attributes ascribed to dark stuff

[@anthonymannwexford]

Good talk. Thank you for the upload.

[@sirdgar]

one Little comment to this. tycho Brahe died and is buried in prauge. (easy mistake to made) and damn...i think i got a crush on Dr. Katherine Freese.

[@wulphstein]

There is no reason why the big bang didn't begin as a single photon with energy E=hf = energy of the big bang. Giving it an approximate wavelength/diameter of 10^-110 meters.

[@abcdabcd4058]

A great talk, thank you very much.

[@stevengaffney1363]

You can't sink it it's already at the bottom

[@joet840]

. .Our galaxy in the universe has now slowed from the big bang while the rest is still accelerating. We have stagnated and we will eventually merge with the Andromeda Galaxy. The time it takes for all these events takes millions and billions of years. Unbelievable how long it takes .

[@jopaki]

Thank you and go Wolverines!

[@amedeofilippi6336]

Would it be possible , being inside an expanding ( where ? )universe to notice that? IT seems to me that all would be expanding around us, including ourselves and therefore we could not notice any expansion at all. Maybe EM waves are stretched along their long journey to reach our eyes but no expansion is involved in this. After all our universe has a gravitational potential and EM waves are decelerated because of this.

[@mas25ify]

All matter, space, dense matter and dark matter I believe has a base of sound-light, predominantly I believe a sound particle or base, but also think of sound-light being like our thoughts, I believe the base of all matter is like a computation or is as all other matter....

[@chuckschillingvideos]

Sound-light? WTF? Is this make up your own particles and forces day and no one let me in on it?

[@brentbennett6764]

My phone sucks I can't see if you got a ring on i apologise

[@gmotionedc5412]

Hang on a bit what’s this!?? 👌🏻💥 I think I’m gonna watch. Smart and beautiful!

[@JonFrumTheFirst]

Hello, Mrs Stifler!

[@sirdgar]

i dont think she anwersed the first question right. Let me try even that im just a dum Cook with limitid knowledge. cæsium atom is bouncing many million times up and Down in a confined and mesured Space and that is the pendul of the clock. Every time the atom hits the top it ticks.

[@arekkrolak6320]

physicists these days don't try to explain nature, but rather they invent nature and try to figure out if their invention has anything to do with reality (most often it does not) :)

[@KipIngram]

Dr. Freese, you are something else. I tremendously enjoyed this video and your particular brand of scientific content blended with humor. My guess is that you'd be amazing fun at a dinner party.

[@astrocozzyamfilohiades71]

Before I express any concerns, I would like to point out that, Dr. Katherine F. is certainly a woman of Note. Anyways.... I was under the impression that, Johannes Kepler devised the Orbital mathematical laws of the planets in our solar system.-tks.

[@koori3085]

She said they thought maybe Kepler poisoned his tutor and stole his work.

[@mirimirmiri3612]

You started with lepper, and it is fitting to answer you with curves. If you give, you get. You said bacteria heals lepper. Answer, curved space and time. You said it does not give off light. Answer e=mc2. If you reverse it only for the purpose of a lens making it mc2=e, hence the light you see is because of the matter that you say you don't see, yet the matter you see is because of the light you see. Which is a very odd way of thinking, making what is there for light and matter not be there, and what is not there for light and matter be there because of light and matter. The question should be. Why is light, as light in and through something that is not as light, but this something is apparent because of light? And if light is not as light in and through something that is not light, what is it as, and would it be apparent, the light and the something?

[@shanefanon]

Dark Matter. Whoa ! Light anti-Matter. Whoa ! What will we be calling this a year from now and why ?

[@genore1993]

Great vid

[@elginwinston3390]

Spherical bast,,, lovely description

[@wulphstein]

Why can't dark matter be neutrinos?

[@ZeHoSmusician]

51:20 As it turns out, sadly not! #JWST now scheduled for 2021... :(

[@brentbennett6764]

Common terms are now possible

[@سامرحسينكاظم]

( Hello I have questions: The atom is the nucleus and the electron. 1-Why does the electron not come out of the atom? 2-Why do not the clouds fall on the ground? 3-Why did not the moon fall on Earth? 4 - What are the components of the fabric of the universe? 5-How did the space-time fabric arise? Please send the five questions to cosmologists .

[@Max_Doubt]

Good cosmology. I think it will turn out to be Col. Mustard!

[@FCT100HG]

most smart brain and humored!

[@Epoch11]

When she is talking about "axions" and the kid says, "I know what that is", her answer is so very condescending/dismissive. Obviously this is a CHILD and she should have encouraged him instead of nullifying his interjection. She came off sounding very mean in her reply to the first question posed by the young boy. We obviously know she understands these things way beyond anything this boy could hope to comprehend, but she could have showed a bit of empathy towards him. One of the main problems when teaching about these sorts of topics is making it accessible for people. If you use language that is nothing but technical jargon, no one will understand it. A true teacher/ professor has the ability to explain these things in a manner that anyone can understand it. Even if you are unaware of the complex mathematics that are behind these problems, you should still get an overall grasp/feel for the subject. This only happens if the instructor is a capable individual.

[@rawnukles]

+Mark G The kid was rude and learned from his mistake. How you expect a child to learn if you afraid of hurting their feelings all the time? What did you think nature evolved feelings for? She was fine with him.

[@robertkilgore5357]

Ive seen that kid more than a couple times in the Q&A section. I wouldnt be surprised if hes a young physics prodigy.

[@MrMichaelFire]

He is.

[@bjornl2943]

The kid is often there, and is naively full of himself. He should be more respectful to the speaker, even if he knows what an axion is

[@_FightForYourFreedom_]

I've been trying to understand who the rude kid is and how he finds himself at these lectures. Any idea?

[@chuckschillingvideos]

Galaxies spin too fast to conform to GR? Invent an imaginary particle that cannot be detected despite the best efforts of every scientist in the field (not to mention the massive expenditures of wealth). Galaxies spinning away from each other too fast to conform to GR? Invent an imaginary force/wave to explain it away, with the same issues as presented above. Seems to me these great minds need to rethink GR and whether it is as truly universal as they believe it to be. Perhaps it's incomplete, perhaps it's wrong. But inventing imaginary particles and forces seems, well....just ridiculous when there is not one shred of observational evidence that supports them.

[@polrik8938]

Les chercheurs sont-ils la preuve vivante de notre ignorance au niveau des grandes échelles cosmique ?

[@nGAhGENVH0Ul]

I'm just gonna take a wild shot and say she probably really likes drinking.

[@onebylandtwoifbysearunifby5475]

She seemed drunk during the Q+A. Lost her ballance and slurred words. 1:00:20, for example.

[@phdtobe]

Plot twist: That bratty kid who claimed to “already know” what axions are grows up to become a famous scientist who wins the Nobel Prize in Physics for proving that dark matter is made of bosons.

[@sent4dc]

Wow, that little jerk at the end was rude! and annoying.

[@noamchomsky2534]

i like blue

[@oldschoolman1444]

Noam Chomsky, I'd bet you like what's in the blue better than the color. =)

[@oldschoolman1444]

Boy it sure would be nice if we spent this much effort on solving the problems on this planet!

[@brentbennett6764]

Why they rommve my propose

[@gumptashirvan7956]

Dark Matter is the new aether. Something along the lines of MOND makes more sense.

[@thespitw9331]

+Gumpta Shirvan You are correct in your notion but the entity that creates spacetime as a medium is nothing that can be easily understood - if you are interested in the solution to the TOE you should first read this essay entitled "The theory of everything - What took so long? www.academia.edu/17289258/The_Theory_of_Everything..._What_Took_So_Long If you think this holds water, then consider reading the book --- Gordon's Theory of Everything

[@Kalumbatsch]

+Gumpta Shirvan MOND doesn't really make sense. It's completely ad-hoc, and worse, even if it were correct, you would still need dark matter to explain observations.

[@Kalumbatsch]

+TheSPITW Stop hawking your crackpot book here.

[@thespitw9331]

Eventually everyone will have to learn the contents of this book.. I don't care it anyone reads it now or not - I just put it out as a timestamp for the discovery of the TOE.

[@TechNed]

Kinda' like that archaic spelling of ether.

[@scottkleyla7752]

05/27/2022 Indiana Universe

[@melanieenmats]

God how the canadian minister of fake facial expressions nearly ruined it. What are ideologues like this doing in science. Luckily the talk itself was interesting.

[@Curelet]

+melanieenmats What's wrong with promoting science, women in science and Government appreciation of Perimeter's outreach efforts?

[@Curelet]

+Star Trek Theory It is a common practice of Canadian parliamentarians to show Canadian bilingualism. Moreover it offers a chance to reach a wider audience.

[@Curelet]

Your hidden identity allows you such a language.

[@Curelet]

I am who I am. The intent of my initial comment was to educate the uniformed reader/viewer.

[@melanieenmats]

Gheorghe Curelet-Balan As women are equal to me they do not need to be put on a special pedestal for being a woman. THat is sexist to me, patronising even. You can notice that the politician is doing it, but not the scientist. Ask yourself why.

[@kevinwilliams5873]

From the Red shift Hubble said the galaxies are moving away, not that the universe it's self is expanding!! Who is this person. She has no idea? What is going on, except possibly the raisens in her head are expanding away from each other.

[@PoliticalJohn]

+Kevin Williams wrong. it's called the "cosmological constant", dark energy...I'm sure you've heard of it. Try again, dumbass.

[@kevinwilliams5873]

Yes I have heard of dark energy, but He had not! At the time, the cosmological constant was in doubt as to weather it existed. It was put by Einstein, and he was under the impression that it was a fudge factor for . When I say at the time I am not even sure if Einstein was onto general relativity or still on Special relativity. No need to get personal buddy. My understanding of the universe is not perfect, my understanding of the theory of general and special relativity is imperfect, as is my understanding of this topic. But I am not out there giving a talk on the subject. It is the like the Cardasians (I can not be bothered to look up how to spell there name if that is not correct.) saying "Butter for burns!". In which they gave advice on how to treat a burn, which is totally wrong. The butter will trap the heat and cause more damage. Put burns under cool running water for 15 mins. The go to the hospital if needed. Love the internet.

[@jomen112]

_"From the Red shift Hubble said the galaxies are moving away"_ Which is another way to say the Earth, or rather the milky way, is the center of the universe. I hardly believe Hubble ever made such statement since both Hubble and Einstein pretty much directly understood the implication of Hubble's observations; the universe itself is expanding.

[@chuckschillingvideos]

Actually, no it's not. The statement means only that EVERY galaxy is receding with respect to every other galaxy - the expansion is happening across all vectors equally.

[@danielpan5147]

I would give this woman TWO likes if I could...

[@ossiedunstan4419]

never seen any evidence for dark matter here

[@pikachu5188]

This is a lecture of ideas not theoretical physics. You cannot have a computer simulation when you don't know what it is.

[@AnnaLVajda]

And if the band you're in starts playing different tunes I'll see you on the darkside of the moon.

[@sharad9176]

❤❤

[@Swede_4_DragonBeliever]

A smart Witch from 2:42 :D

[@brentbennett6764]

I wish yall would stopp talking about them the history of what yall know we all know steep on the point

[@michael2244]

Katherine is alright lookin =)

[@jelenamarija5781]

hot mamma....wtg

[@bobsagit2683]

We are kinda getting close she said 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 give me a break

[@brentbennett6764]

K we now know experimentally qualified every thing talks with every thing

[@brentbennett6764]

Mister neil 2 rock check him out

[@jasonhardy1766]

As a scientist she 's good but as a lecturer hopeless, spends as much time talking about herself and trying to be funny as on the actual subject matter.

[@rubenanthonymartinez7034]

A classic case of self-delusion; do you really know? I think not!

[@igor.t8086]

👍🍸😄

[@feonjun]

Lady Dimitrescu's day job.

[@harrycoleman6208]

Dr Freese is kinda hot

[@robertkilgore5357]

Harry Coleman lmao

[@MrGOTAMA420]

for an older gal yeah , i bet she was smokin hot in her day

[@Kalumbatsch]

Kinda?

[@lachlan1971]

I thought that too.

[@stevenrivette1321]

Great chat. Like her manner and have for some time. People who pretend to comprehend the politics of countries they do not come from should perhaps not as does not go to credibility. And her credibility was strong till she linked herself to the destructors of our once great country.

[@MrJimtimslim]

Prefer a male voice when listening to lectures. Easy on the 👂

[@muleteammate]

The only reason, and Katie states this, the dark matter concept was concocted to explain why the stars in arms of the galaxies move at the same angular velocity as the stars closer to the core. The concept exists because consensus cosmology fails to acknowledge electrical force in the plasma that makes up the universe. Electrical force is 10^39 stronger than gravitational force. If gravitation is your only tool in your toolbox, then you need to create this fantasy concept of dark matter.

[@sokasbogo6912]

So funny!

[@kenhiett5266]

She uses a baking reference to brag she's never engaged in such trivial female traditions. Oh, the sophistication of the modern woman.

[@venkateshbabu5623]

Hydra after hydra or trees after trees.

[@venkateshbabu5623]

Much invisible roots.

[@venkateshbabu5623]

Nutrino is the first dark matter particles.

[@venkateshbabu5623]

Extreme unseen fields are always a new area and could detect other cosmos.

[@adrian__4678]

Hey Katherine, did you dream all this?

[@Qugyuk]

jeeze Katherine, little harsh on the kid there weren't you?

[@MrMichaelFire]

The little punk started out insulting her "Joke"...Sure it was lame, but for crying out loud she's a theoretical physicist...... of course she's a nerd.

[@ZeHoSmusician]

Harsh on the kid? You mean that rude, arrogant little shit who interrupted her, claiming to know what an axion is? Clearly it didn't occur to him that likely other people didn't know what an axion was and might have wanted to hear the definition... His parents have some work to do!

[@_FightForYourFreedom_]

I'm curious who that Aidan kid is. He's present at different Perimeter lectures and always seems to be the one with the first question. Is he supposed to be some kind of child prodigy? Or perhaps the child of a perimeter staff person?

[@hellojam100]

too much like a TED presentation

[@stephenboyes5189]

utter nonsense

[@marioulises5978]

This was odd.