What Happened to the Ancient Egyptian Language?

[@KhAnubis]

So I didn't end up speaking Egyptian/Coptic, and I didn't want to paste someone else's video into this one (and steal their ad revenue), so for those of you still curious what the language sounded like when spoken, here are a few clips from other channels PolýMATHY's Wellerman parody in Egyptian -- kzbin.info/www/bejne/raiZlYFtqtR5ask The Stele of Kuʀi - Ancient Egyptian Spoken -- kzbin.info/www/bejne/n6CTgnmPrdqfjJY Speaking Coptic -- kzbin.info/www/bejne/nnymo5SIpc-alZY

[@chimera9818]

I feel like misr probably came from the Hebrew name for Egypt of mitsraim of the land of the straits

[@alecity4877]

9:44 but KhAnubis I have an exam on thursday!

[@zombieat]

@@chimera9818 from Akkadian "mi-iṣ-ru" ("miṣru")

[@Usermaatre6723]

you really think the ancient egyptians who made the greatest most influential empire in the world would completely lose their language that's very disrespectful they are the Somali and Afar tribe languages today not coptic

[@Usermaatre6723]

ancient egyptians are not copitcs ancestors they greco roman fayum hyksos

[@heyyo3737]

Fun fact: Egyptian is the only language that we have record of going through almost all of the morphological archetypes. Having distinct synthetic, agglutinative, and analytical phases

[@not_today_satan-wu2ib]

We harassed the Arabic language into changing the scentence structure to be similar to coptic and then proceeded to add a shit ton of coptic words into Arabic, we basically made a new language

[@UXMC2]

أم الدنيا

[@friendlyrobotasmr]

Bcs of ur dirty labguage, coptic is gone

[@shahriar4706_]

that's the case with every society which has chosen to uphold its ancient history. the persians did something similar in another way.

[@kai_tawi]

@@shahriar4706_ or more of getting forced into a language by sword....

[@ozzymandias7346]

@@shahriar4706_ only most Egyptians do NOT choose to "uphold" its ancient history. They adopted the culture of their arabic masters and follow the religion created by a slave-owning pedophile. Only the Copts are the true Egyptians that hold to their history.

[@AhmedNour-wh1fc]

Egyptian here ! , great video I agree. However, you forgot to mention that Egyptian Arabic now contains hundreds of phrases from the Egyptian language that people just kept saying and that what makes our dialect so unique from other arabic countries

[@thatfkingreakreezy010]

Give me some examples of these phrases in Egyptian language please? (Arabic speak here)

[@thatfkingreakreezy010]

Speaker**

[@aymanhasan-2991]

@@thatfkingreakreezy010 “Sok Elbab” “Close the Door” “Sok” = “Close” Only Egyptians Say that

[@deadheat1635]

Short answer, it became Coptic

[@bozomori2287]

Because of greek rulers

[@ahmedelkhwaga2751]

Nope it's Greek alphabet

[@amalsp8955]

But the language id descendant from egyptian ​@@ahmedelkhwaga2751

[@KavachiaVideo]

Kamen rider fan?

[@deadheat1635]

@@KavachiaVideo Yes?

[@SomasAcademy]

~0:29 For those who can't read Hieroglyphs (surely a tiny demographic, right? ;P), the text on screen is the spelling of the god Anubis' name with a "Kh" symbol at the start, hence "KhAnubis," but "Anubis" is actually the Greek adaptation of his name, so the actual spelling says "xjnpw" or "KhAnpu"

[@fenrirgg]

And the Anubis at the right end is just for decoration?

[@SomasAcademy]

@@fenrirgg Good question! That's something called a determinitive - basically, since a lot of Egyptian words were similar phonetically (and because there were no spaces between words), Hieroglyphic spellings would often include a symbol at the end of the word which would not be pronounced but would make it easier to interpret the word - for example, names would usually end with a glyph of a man or a woman, to show that they were referring to a person, place names would often end with either a land glyph or a "foreign land" glyph, etc. There was a generic god determinative, but many gods had their own unique determinitive just for them; the little Anubis glyph is one of those cases.

[@fenrirgg]

@@SomasAcademy wo, cool!

[@TexRenner]

cannabis

[@taihao.multimedia]

Kh'yanāpaw

[@SaddestManEver]

I envy all these countries with ancient history, like Egypt, Greece, China, etc... it's so cool to read/watch anything about them. Thousands of years of history.

[@BlueHawkPictures17]

Every country has thousands of years of history, every person living today is an ancestors of someone from an older civilization.

[@spicysealion-et8kf]

​@@BlueHawkPictures17Not to mention everybody's ancestry gets more and more diverse the further back you go following the different strands.

[@arnoldmbuthia2687]

Less diverse. Especially if you are not from Africa. You are in effect, a small derivative of a section of a gêne pool. Worse if you're descended from royalty.​@@spicysealion-et8kf

[@akl2k7]

@@BlueHawkPictures17 But a lot of places don't have that much *recorded* history.

[@AhmedAli-zs2um]

​@BlueHawkPictures17 you Israeli what you talking about 😂

[@SomasAcademy]

~6:13 The name of Egypt was most likely never pronounced "Kemet." Egyptian writing didn't include vowels, so Egyptologists generally use the letter "e" as a default vowel to slot in between consonants in order to make it possible to say Egyptian words out-loud - hence, kmt becomes Kemet. Based on more diligent comparative linguistics, the Ancient Egyptians probably pronounced the name of their country as something like Kumat in Old Egyptian, Kuma in Middle Egyptian, and Keme in late Egyptian and Demotic.

[@deshawnmoore1731]

L take

[@anthropos_94]

Kumat.

[@Artur_M.]

Oh, that's very interesting and enlightening.

[@averagelurker1577]

@@deshawnmoore1731 but hes right

[@YoshiAsk]

Except Coptic does write vowels. Various dialects spell it slightly differently though (likely because locals spelled it how it sounded to them) - Sahidic uses "Ⲕⲏⲙⲉ", pronounced 'kemuh' - Bohairic uses "Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ", pronounced as either 'kīmī' or 'kemī' - Fayyumic uses "Ⲕⲏⲙⲓ", pronounced the same as Bohairic The modern Romanization of "Keme" is based on the Sahidic dialect, since that's the most commonly studied by Egyptologists.

[@5cats267]

As Egyptians, we still have some words used from the ancient language. Also, the structure of Arabic sentences is unique and in a way unlike any other speakers of the language.

[@mohammed44_]

يا جدعان كلنا عم بنتكلم اللغه العربيه بس كلن عندو لهقه بتختلف عن غيرو... How good is my egyptian?😉 I am not from egypt, if I wrote in arabic, you would detect me 99% of the time

[@trueordrue]

But today's Egyptians are not related to ancient Egyptians

[@mohammed44_]

@@trueordrue They have a lot of turkish DNA, they were occupied by mamluks and later the ottoman turks. Despite the fact they speak arabic, modern persians are genetically closer to modern peninsular arabs than modern egyptians

[@PhedelCastro]

@@trueordrue National Geographic did a genetic survey and found that modern Egyptians are genetically 69% indigenous to Egypt

[@anthropos_94]

@@trueordrueincorrect.

[@true_jew]

Can you make about syriac aramaic language in syria please

[@BrandonBDN]

Actually most Assyrians today live in Iraq

[@true_jew]

@@BrandonBDN Assyrians ain't arameans

[@franciscoflamenco]

I hadn't have watched a video of yours in a while, but I must say I'm impressed which how much you've improved in quality since the last time I did.

[@bharathwajvasudevan9904]

'As recently as the roman era' ....sums up the Egyptian time scale

[@Abd121]

this video failed to talk about how egyption/kemtic massivly affected egypt's arabic dialect and kinda still lives through it.

[@KhAnubis]

I didn't really give myself much time with this one, but I will take the ل and admit that was a massive shortcoming of this video

[@Abd121]

@@KhAnubis it's honestly a big enough topic that you could give it its own video in the future, I think it's very important because I hate the narrative that comes with most videos where Egyptian identity just randomly "dies" and is replaced wholesale with an "Arabic identity", I think it really robs the Egyptions from being able to talk about cool things related to their culture and supports the weird eruocentric claim that Arabs somehow colonized Egypt and "wiped" it from existance when Egypt and Egyption culture were still there the entire time!

[@Honest_Question]

​@@KhAnubis Why are you taking the lamb 😂😂

[@hardadouzakariae9540]

​@@Abd121 Westerners don't care about these things at all. They always say that North African ( and even previously Andalusia) countries are Arab. Unfortunately, they are ignorant of many things and have wrong ideas.

[@TheEternallyconfusedone]

​@@Abd121yeah like we litterly still celebrate an ancient egyptian holiday called (sham el nassim) coptic (tshom nisime)

[@zdzislawmeglicki2262]

It evolved and survived to this day as Koptic. That's how the hieroglyphs were eventually deciphered by Champollion.

[@SomasAcademy]

~4:37 To complicate the narrative a bit, many Egyptologists believe that Hieratic was NOT a simplified form of hieroglyphs, but rather a script used for simply writing that originated right alongside Hieroglyphs; the earliest Hieroglyphic signs we see are pretty messy, so the idea is that Hieroglyphs and Hieratic might have both stemmed from that common source, with Hieroglyphs becoming neater for use in more important texts, and Hieratic being used for shorthand; of course, we don't have firm evidence of this since surviving papyri only go back so far, so it's just a hypothesis.

[@miloscarapic4502]

I kinda think that hieratic needed to exchange hieroglyphs, and to be used as new way of writing, but some people decided to use it just for some rituals and inside closed society, so idea of hieratic as new way of writing failed.

[@SomasAcademy]

@@miloscarapic4502 When we describe it as "simple" relative to hieroglyphs, we mean in the sense of the symbols themselves being simpler in design - you don't need to put as much effort into drawing all the little details. The actual complexity of the script was the same as Hieroglyphs, and it would have been just as difficult to learn. It never really had the chance of becoming a popularly used script, and was most likely never imagined that way, so it wasn't a "failure" - it was just an alternative script to be used by the same people who had the time to learn Hieroglyphs (priests, scholars, artisans, etc., not everyday people)

[@miloscarapic4502]

@@SomasAcademy That was just my way of thinking about hieratic, i don't say i know much about it.

[@AlkalineAjay]

Please do a video on how most modern writing systems are derived from Heirogyphics! Love the videos.

[@KhAnubis]

Way ahead of you! kzbin.info/www/bejne/famspZeka7Z3Zrc

[@Merle1987]

They're based off cuneiform, not hieroglyphics.

[@ASMM1981EGY]

​@@Merle1987😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 Egyptians invented writing where it predates Sumerian clay hits by 640 years.

[@quuaaarrrk8056]

​@@ASMM1981EGYGenerally, cuneiform as a script is accepted to be older. Something resembling hieroglyphs existed before then, but did not yet constitute a writing system. Sumerians came up with that first. However, most modern scripts are indeed derived from Egyptian hieroglyphs (throug Phoenician).

[@OpinionesDeJACCsOpinions]

​@@ASMM1981EGY Source?

[@diaamuharam6602]

Many ancient Egyptian words still spoken in the current Egyptian dialect spoken toady in Egypt that clearly have not Arabic roots or origin whatsoever

[@thatfkingreakreezy010]

Give me some examples of these phrases please? (Arabic speaker here)

[@kai_tawi]

@@thatfkingreakreezy010 For example when there is stress or tiring stuff we call it مرمطة coming from Ⲙⲁⲣⲙⲁⲧⲁ a coptic word! another one in egypt when we say yes ايوة and our mothers are not in the mood they reply to us أوا which is a literal ancient word meant sorrows and misfourtune, also when we call our mothers they might saw مو (بفتح الميم) which means LOOOTS of water so its like a flood to take you! its is estimated to have 130,000 ancient egyptian word in our dialect !!

[@manetho5134]

I'm Egyptian and I want to point out the fact that language, religion and cultures of societies have always been changing across the world due to the natural course of history, empires fall and new ones replace them, wars, conquests, migrations among other factors lead to this, current France, a christian country speaking a latin based language used to be a country of celtic pagans, current Muslim Turkey was once Greek Christian asia minor, Egypt is no exception to the rules of history, in fact, quite the opposite, Egypt has conserved its culture, language and religion for more than 3000 years, before turning into Christian Coptic Egypt, then to Islamic Arabic Egypt, that ancient culture being dead now doesn't deprive us the right to consider it part of our history, expecially that many relics of that far past can be seen in modern Egyptian speech, celebrations, foods, etc. Egyptians value all their history encompassing all of its different eras

[@MrAllmightyCornholioz]

The Ancient Egyptian pagan did died though. Nowadays its practiced by non-Egyptians as a neo-pagan religion.

[@manetho5134]

@@MrAllmightyCornholioz yeah they call it Kemetism, we hope these African-Americans practicing it don't pull up an Israel on us and start claiming Egypt as their own

[@ryjitarose5590]

That's simply false, Aboriginal Australians follow their culture since at least 45,000 years and according to Jitka Soukopova in her work of "Tassili Paintings: Ancient roots of current African beliefs?" "[o]ne of the main characteristics of African culture in general is its conservatism"

[@ASMM1981EGY]

​@@ryjitarose5590 He's words are actually correct, your aboriginal Australians claim at the furthest tip of humanity is just a unique exception and a matter of time, Australian is an English-speaking, demographically Chinese-dominated country now if you don't live with us on planet earth.

[@ryjitarose5590]

@@ASMM1981EGY Look at the Shilluk people, they follow customs very similar to ancient Egyptian ones meaning they are seveal millenia old. They believe the soul of the Reth (king, which sounds very similar to Ra, the God of Kingship) goes into the Nile until a new Reth has been selected for the soul of the first king to inherit and they put the body of a late king into cow hide just like the ancient Egyptians. Also, Aboriginal Australians aren't a monolith, they have very different cultures and aren't all the same people

[@j.obrien4990]

Sadly I've had Egyptians tell me that Arabic is original language of Egypt and that Coptic was a colonial language.

[@anthropos_94]

Pan Arabists.

[@j.obrien4990]

@@anthropos_94 yeah typical of colonial powers trying to belittle the countries they've invaded. Humans kind of suck in that way.

[@MoloIongo]

Man I hate the Arab conquests so much like actually

[@shenuda]

They're invaders twisting history and facts. Muslim Egyptians = Arabs

[@MUT-Studios]

Seriously just who told you that???? Have you ever had history class in Egypt?

[@ShyneThyLyte]

As a Sundanese we still have the Kemetic Nubio language and culture

[@SuperibyP]

We sure do! Given the sheer number of pyramids and temples, the Sudan might prove to be a very important place to go to learn more about how the language was used and spoken, if not simply for the sheer volume of examples.

[@003mohamud]

Hopefully the Nubian language dosen't go extinct in Sudan

[@AfricanPrinse]

Great

[@wambokodavid7109]

Like what language? And in which region...north or south

[@TingTong2568]

Sudan don't give a fk about the Nubian language. They are more Arabs than the Arabs themselves

[@madmasseur6422]

JUSTICE AND FREEDOM FOR THE COPTS

[@OmarAlikaj]

And the Coptics who convert to Islam too. Many were made to disappear.

[@oppionatedindividual8256]

Real, every Arab needs to be removed back to Arabia. Egypt for Egyptians!

[@manetho5134]

They are completely free and living equally as us the Muslims of Egypt, stop spreading western propaganda and hate, do you know the richest Egyptian family, the Saweeras family, are Christians? There is literally no difference between Muslims and Christians in treatment, we attend the same schools, use the same hospitals, live in the same areas, attend each others weddings in churches or mosques, I have many Christian friends, have had Christians teachers in school, and currently have Christian professors in college, to be honest, both the Muslims and Christians of Egypt are suffering under the dictatorial regime in Egypt and our collapsing economy, many Muslims and Christians unfortunately live in poverty.

[@manetho5134]

+ both Muslim and Christian Egyptians are Copts because Copt just means Egyptian

[@mooftwosnum1fan480]

@@manetho5134it means Egyptian in Greek, obviously referring to the Christian Egyptians as there liturgical language, Coptic, is heavily influenced by Greek.

[@MythologywithMike]

"Demotic as history's middle child" is an underrated but true line

[@kai_tawi]

tbh its super hard....

[@abduking.]

while i think egypt should return to its ancient languages modern counterpart being coptic the coptic script should just be thrown away. Its basically just the greek script with a few changes . Egypt's actual last script was demotic which looks strikingly like arabic (but this is more of a case of convergent evolution there not that closely related). Here's what i would do: -use the coptic language as a basis -go backward from the coptic script to the demotic script (and add any new words that appear in coptic) - mix the similar demotic script with arabic script to make a new script.

[@MrLantean]

Ancient Egyptian language has evolved into Coptic language. Languages continue to evolve with new words, terms and expressions adopted while dropping old ones. Only dead and extinct languages stop evolving. Dead languages are languages that are no longer used as vernacular, but the usage is restricted as liturgical languages of various religions as well as certain philosophical works while extinct languages are languages that are no longer used for any purpose. Coptic is regarded as a dead language as it is only used as liturgical language of Coptic Church though there might be some pockets of Coptic communities use it as vernacular only within their own communities.

[@gargamel3478]

0:08 I doubt the text on the left is written in the Egyptian dialect

[@zombieat]

its in classical arabic.

[@shwanmirza9306]

Arabic dialects are only written in texts/comments and in food menus

[@tarumtrue2834]

Because its not That a surah from the Qur"An

[@shwanmirza9306]

​@@tarumtrue2834No? Not a surah. Look closer. It's just info about a historical person with islamic phrases

[@faithfulforhope]

4:49 I feel you might have missed a crucial part of this, it was less of a "conquer" but more of a peaceful and welcomed occupation, as the Egyptians had always rebelled against the Persians and never wanted to be Persian, moreover Alexander the Great respected and was fond of Egypt and Egyptian society, even before reaching there. That's not to mention that Egyptians and Greeks kind of understood eachother (figuratively) and got along pretty well. As such, he met very little resistance and was welcomed warmly.

[@HarvestStore]

Great video.

[@taihao.multimedia]

6:06 it was pronounced as /ħawit kaʀ pitaħ/ in Old Egyptian Ancient Egyptian shared sounds and grammar rules with Arabic and Hebrew given that they're related

[@johng5166]

The ancient language is called Ka-Ptah (Later called by the Greeks Coptic when they adopted the Greek letters) Coptic means like Ka-Pta or Gypt. Which is the essence and identity of the Egyptian 🇪🇬 people. It’s ancient Coptic.

[@TheStickCollector]

I wonder if we do bring back hieroglyphics, would cursive be a newer form of hieratics? Would it be faster to write than Coptic or Arabic. I doubt people not used to logographs would want to spend that much time basically drawing out sentences like how the Chinese languages (at those related to the han script) do with their logograms.

[@zombieat]

demotic would be the closest script to the egyptian language because coptic is mostly in greek script.

[@SomasAcademy]

Incidentally, Demotic was frequently called "cursive Egyptian" by early Egyptologists! The Egyptian scripts were not actually logographic, though, they were primarily phonetic with some logographic elements - i.e. they had symbols for every sound and some symbols that represented several sounds, but also a few symbols that would represent entire words, and some symbols that would be included in otherwise phonetic spellings to help with interpreting the word (called determinatives).

[@ivorkovac303]

Demotic is probably the way to go for the average person when they write, and the older ideographs could be used for official documents.

[@SomasAcademy]

@@ivorkovac303 Hieroglyphs and Hieratic weren't really ideographs, they were largely phonetic, same as Demotic.

[@ivorkovac303]

@@SomasAcademy OK thanks. I knew Demotic wasn't.

[@زنكي]

I think the Assyrian called Egypt "Miser" like in Arabic.

[@anthropos_94]

It’s a general name in Semitic languages for Egypt/kmt.

[@solehsolehsoleh]

The Hebrew word for Egyp is Miṣrayim/Mitsrayim/Mizrayim. like the other said, the general name in Semitic languages

[@Jay_Kry5hom]

As in Mizraim son of Ham grandson of Noah

[@kai_tawi]

indeed! it came from Mejr which was on heiro means the walls since we built great walls on our borders againts colonizations! and so it became from mejr to mesr!

[@زنكي]

@@kai_tawi Thanks, but what walls?

[@choysakanto6792]

I've been to Egypt and their version of Arabic had so many words probably of ancient Egyptian origin. In general, even Egyptian Arabic is hard to understand for their cousins in Saudi and Emirates.

[@ahmedanubis]

The only reason most Arabs understand Egyptian in the first place is because Egypt had the arab hollywood if you will, and prior to that, having a blend of Hegazi x Yemeni arabic and region specific coptic meant that most foreigners wouldn't understand it until relatively recently.

[@miloscarapic4502]

Me as orthodox christian, would like to hear coptic version of liturgija, i'd feel ancient, listening to that ancient language 😁

[@brianfox771]

Does anyone else notice the similarity in appearance of Hieratic and Arabic script? Wonder if there was an influence there.

[@SomasAcademy]

Probably not, the Arabic Script gradually evolved from a few precursor scripts, and only reached its modern form after Hieratic had long since fallen out of use! The similar looks are probably mostly coincidental, with the similar writing mediums used for both also potentially contributing.

[@brianfox771]

@@SomasAcademy Interesting! Thank you for responding. What about demotic having an influence? Same coincidence as hieratic?

[@SomasAcademy]

@@brianfox771 Yeah same situation, Demotic fell out of use quite a while before the Arabic script as we know it developed.

[@ahmedanubis]

The common theory is, the hieratic script was adopted by Sinai Arabs, who would later make their own sinatic script and influence the scripts of the Canaanites Nabateans and Phoenicians. The reason why the Egyptian script influenced most of the western world's scripts is because the Phoenician script was adopted by archaic Greeks and from Greek we have Latin and from Latin all Western languages, which were spread globally in the age of colonialism. And the reason it did for most Semitic scripts is because the Sinai Arabs spread their proto-sinatic script to nearby peoples that were the ancestors of the Hegaz Arabs and Hebrews.

[@SomasAcademy]

@@ahmedanubis It wasn't Hieratic they adopted, but Hieroglyphs, which were adapted into the Proto-Sinaitic script. And the people that developed Proto-Sinaitic are not generally believed to have been Arabs, but West-Semitic speakers from Canaan.

[@KaiokenRush]

Ancient Egyptians were speaking in emojis

[@joseg.solano1891]

Any Egyptians trying to revive Coptic and even raise native speakers? I want to learn tongues in order to speak to natives and would gladly add Coptic in my list!

[@Honest_Question]

No one has it as their native language

[@eluemina2366]

Yes! There are more and more Egyptians doing so. I have Egyptian friends of both Christian and Muslim background who speak it and I am learning myself, at an intermediate level now. Join the movement! :D

[@Mimi.1001]

@@Honest_Question Didn't stop Hebrew from being revived ^^

[@danshakuimo]

I'm pretty sure there are still some copts being raised with it as a native language, though bilingual with Arabic if in Egypt or a language like English if diaspora. I guess the issue is that with everyone being bilingual in a more commonly spoken language there is not a significant need to actually speak in Coptic. Though I think there should be a slowly growing interest in the Coptic language from outside the Coptic ethno-religious community with the proliferation of the Coptic American churches, which bridges the gap between the ethno-religious Coptic community and the wider American one.

[@meina0614]

@@danshakuimothere is none. There are those that know it fluently but they learn it alongside arabic. Proficiency levels vary as well.

[@kai_tawi]

omg I can't talk about how fr this video is its INCREDIBLE!! just a very tiny small note, Coptic started taking form in 300 BC, also I am super happy you brought the Hakim be amr illah thing cause no one talks about it and say "egyptians switch" NO THEY DIDN'T. a really great video Ⲟⲩϣⲉⲡ ̀ϩⲙⲟⲧ!

[@Angelgreat]

Technically, the Ancient Egyptian language would have been called Kemetian by its speakers. The Ancient Egyptians called themselves Kemetians. The land of Egyptian was called Kemet by the Ancient Egyptian. The Ancient Egyptian Mythology would have been called Kemetism. The name Egypt came from the Greek Ptolemaic Dynasty, which controlled Egypt before Rome annexed it. Heck, today, Egypt calls itself Misr.

[@JosePineda-cy6om]

Arabic Misr comes from Hebrew Mitzraim. As you can see it's a plural word, referring to both the Upper and Lower Egypt - ancient Hebrews had intimate contact with Egyptians and picked up from them the idea that it was really 2 different countries: the lower one, at the Nile's delta and surrounding areas, and the upper one,today's southern Egypt and northern Sudan. There were ecological differences between the 2, and speakers of Egyptian from south had some trouble communicating with folks in the torth and viceversa

[@ezrafriesner8370]

We don’t actually know how kmt was pronounced, it’s just standard practice in Egyptology to put an e where the vowels are otherwise unknown. It may have been Kemet, Kamit, Kimat, Kamet, Kemat or all else more with any other vowels you can think of. Until we get something closer to a demotic or earlier Coptic style inscription giving us the vowels, we have no way to know for sure

[@user-dp3ow4of6c]

amazing they had the same affixes as modern english

[@lzbscalle7943]

Egypt was called Egypt by the Greeks well before they occupied it. Kmt was the endonym tho. The religion was likely not called Kemetism since pagan religions were rarely named, especially by insiders. If anything it would be named by outsiders like the greeks as part of some Egyptian/Ra pantheon

[@retf8977]

That is not true at all. Kmt was AN endonym; not THE endonym. In fact egypt had a more common endonym, deshret, and a locally used exonym, misiru (which was used by the near East and carried on to hebrew and arabic and eventually modern egypt) and the Egyptians didn't call their religion anything, neither did any ancient civilization

[@Mi_Fa_Volare]

5:26 The black book of Hamunaptra or the Necronomicon?

[@NagySzentAntal]

Great video, very accurate

[@pierreabbat6157]

"Miṣr" is cognate with "מצרים", the word for Egypt in the Torah. Where did it come from?

[@mostafanabil2526]

From the ancient egyptian word mdjr

[@dogancanozgokceler3234]

I can speak Middle Egyptian and Coptic with not so bad level. You welcome Egypt.

[@blade7506]

nofri shai

[@dogancanozgokceler3234]

​@@blade7506 Ⲛⲟϥⲣⲓ

[@Tinil0]

I am so used to the Erasmian pronunciation I didn't even recognize the word "Koine" except thanks to subtitles, so thanks for including those.

[@Basil_o_brouzos]

He used a mix of the modern and the old pronunciation. In modern greek we would say (kini) in the attic alphabet it was pronounced koine and he pronounced it kine

[@Tinil0]

@@Basil_o_brouzos I thought so but wasn't 100% sure since my knowledge of Greek isn't strong, so thank you.

[@otterkidd595]

At 5:08 when we mentions aramaic, does anyone know how to find that image? Id like to know more about that tablet as it very closely resembles the old uyghur alphabet than other pictures of aramaic that I can find. I know that old uyghur was heavily based on old aramaic, so maybe thats just this particular writing style.

[@Basil_o_brouzos]

The minoans might also had been using a form of egyptian hyroglyphs in the linnier A script

[@hawkingstar1698]

Bro made such a well pronounced video and then hit me with “devnoggery” at the end

[@Numba003]

I thought modern Coptic was descended from the older Egyptian language, but I wasn't 100% sure, lol. Thank you for the interesting trip through linguistic history! God be with you out there, everybody. ✝️ :)

[@thenewgardener-2610]

For what I know about the ancient Egyptian language, they used to place the numerals and the adjectives after the noun they respectively quantify and qualify. And this is exactly the way any ancient or existing African language is built. You can check with Wolof, Yoruba, Swahili, Zulu.... So in a sense, they used to "speak african". Which is all but a surprise. For instance they use "cows two" to say "two cows", "tree big" to say "big tree".

[@nouzwhonopz]

you should make a playlist for your language-related stuff

[@evilgoose6768]

Can you do a video on how it influences those alphabets you mentioned at the end? Very interested to see how it links to the phonetic alphabet, as I struggle to see the similarities but would love to find out

[@QLTD]

What about Mesopotamian languages?!

[@turin7052]

wait wait wait the Achaemenids didn't have the Aramaic script, it was the Sassanids. The Achaemenids had their own version of of cuneiforms, known as Persian cuneifrom which was an Alpho-syllabic writing system heavily inspired by the Assirian/Akkadian logographic cuneiform!

[@VenisDamalo]

You should make a video on the study of Waltongography

[@ahmd5]

Actually there are lots of common words between Arabic and Ancient Egyptian. Take the word kemt which was the name of Egypt. It means black so does the word kumait كميت in Arabic which also means black. Add to that the similar Grammer between the two languages

[@marko112kg]

If the sentence structure is different could, like, a Jordan Star Wars dub have Yoda speak Egyptian Arabic?

[@user-a0d9w0ec9wiej]

We need jordanian star wars💀

[@jaif7327]

thers one thing to note that arabic was already present in modern day egypt that is the sinai and the eastern desert from pre islamic times. for instance many rulers conquered the nile valley of egypt, like the assyrian king Esshardon in 671 BC who conquered egypt by help of these arabs by ("camels of all the kings of the Arabs i gathered and water skins i loaded on them, IA 112), and the persian rulers cambysses in 525BC (the arab... filled skins with water and loaded all his camels with these, herodotus 3.9) and artaxerxes too in 343 BC. It is also for this reason the that according to herodotus (3.88) that the arabs were some of the only ones in the achaeminid realm that werent reduced to servile status but united by friendship (this part doest make sense to me either), but its also probably bc of this reason that the persian royal tomb relief depict the arab along with the scythian in golden chains. There are berbers (dont know since when honestly) in the siwa oasis too i find it dumb that people here try to depict egyptian dialect as some form of survived coptic when for a half lebanese like me i can understand it clearly (shockingly this is true for most dialects, arabs like to lie about how their dialect is so unique and special lol)

[@shenuda]

Thats because sinai isnt Egypt proper and wasnt inhabited by copts. Even on roman maps sinai was a separate province. So back then it wouldn't be considered Egypt.

[@jaif7327]

@@shenuda yes i said modern egypt but sinai was inhabited by some coptic monks later on

[@shenuda]

@@jaif7327 no. Saint Catherine monastery in Sinai is run by Greeks not copts

[@jaif7327]

@@shenuda i thought they were native egyptians just following the council of chalcedon, damn

[@jaif7327]

@@shenuda i thought they were native egyptians just following the council of chalcedon, damn

[@mohslimani5716]

Even sumarians are isumaren which is named after asamer East in Kabyle and Issumaren those who come from the East

[@tinybirdnamedtoast5915]

0:13 that spongebob tshirt rocks

[@moatazel-shafie3689]

Ancinet Egyptians never called their country ad whole Kemet. The Dshret or the red land was also part of Egypt. In all foreign correspondence, the kemet name never appeared even once, from the Akkadian and Myceanian to Greek or Romans and beyond, only names derived from the semitic name Misr or the Egyptian Hikaptah were used.

[@DoodiePunk]

Arab nationalists and Islamists don't want normalization between Egyptians and Israelis, fearing that Coptic is gonna be revived like Hebrew and in a few decades Egypt will be Coptic speaking.

[@porphyry17]

islam=the w0rst cult. arab=the w0rst desert tribe. combined forces to destroy the Egyptian language.

[@ahmedanubis]

.....The Coptic revival movement is decades OLDER than the Hebrew revival movement, and even under the Kingdom of Egypt most weren't and btw still aren't interested in reviving an old language we abandoned in the Fatimid period onwards.

[@Tabish_Nooristani]

Shalom rabbi,how's the usury going?

[@fnsilly8983]

Why is the nile valley cultures the only culture that most people argue about? You've notice there isnt aztecology mayanology incanology. Why egyptology?

[@CharlesIsMyName]

Arab colonialism destroyed any chance of fully understanding Egyptian languages but the Copts most likely have the closest relation in helping us understand the Egyptian language.

[@Pakilla64]

"Arab colonialism" 😂😂😂

[@CharlesIsMyName]

@@Pakilla64 Yes they colonized during the Islamic expansion. Do you dispute this as fact?

[@Pakilla64]

@@CharlesIsMyName yes

[@CharlesIsMyName]

@@Pakilla64 Well I would recommend that you educate yourself on the early muslim expansion outside and inside arabia and how muslims forced the religion customs, culture and language on those they conquered.

[@Pakilla64]

@@CharlesIsMyName yeah well we're gonna conquer you too

[@ahmedanubis]

Before the industrial revolution, European expansion, and the national education system, Egyptians were overwhelmingly farmers(still kinda were even under british rule) and the more rural you go, even today, the more you realize how "Egyptian" egyptian Arabic is, a blend of Hegazi(and yemeni) arabic and regional Coptic. You will notice how it could be considered a language of its own. In the cities, however, you will find countless foreign words from Italian, Greek, French, English, Turkish even Kurdish and Morrocan. That is because Cairo and Alexandria specifically were melting pots of MANY groups, kinda like NYC today, I like to say that before there was the American dream and the concept of "the land of opportunity" for people building themselves from nothing, the kingdom of Egypt was exactly that for foreigners, but sadly after the 50s military coup most non-Egyptian groups fled.

[@mohslimani5716]

Most of the names in Africa tafarka in Kabyle have meanings in tamazight

[@mikesands4681]

Can you expand on it's.development into the system of Devanagari and Thai

[@SomasAcademy]

Basically, Hieroglyphs were adapted into the Proto-Sinaitic script, which then evolved into the Phoenician script, which evolved into the Aramaic script. The Brahmi script is generally believed to have been adapted from the Aramaic script (though alternative hypotheses also exist!), and Devanagari and the Thai script both ultimately descend from the Brahmi script. If you'd like to learn more, I have a video on my channel called The Origins of the Alphabet about the evolution of Hieroglyphs into the Alphabet we're using now through a similar chain of evolution!

[@anthonyosburn3786]

The people that you see there today are not the indigenous Egypt thats why those arabs do speak the kemetian language

[@yashwardhantubid2581]

So sad that ancient Egyptian language is totally wiped out

[@atum]

Well done

[@heisen-bones]

Ancient Egypt >>> Modern Egypt

[@Iamfsaly]

Coptic and south Semitic languages like (mehri, sabean, ge’ez) are probably the closest languages to ancient Egyptian

[@elimalinsky7069]

The Berber languages of North Africa are more closely related. Egyptian and the Berber languages belong to the Hamitic branch of Afroastiatic.

[@Iamfsaly]

@@elimalinsky7069 Ancient Egyptian belongs to the Afro-Asiatic language family, and semitic languages are a sub-branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family and include languages such as Arabic, Hebrew, Amharic, and Aramaic. Ancient Egyptian and the Semitic languages share certain linguistic features and vocabulary due to historical interactions and influences between speakers of these languages , Berber is a Hamitic language but both Semitic and Hamitic branches of languages are part of the AfroAsiatic family.

[@elimalinsky7069]

@@Iamfsaly Indeed. The other branches are Cushitic, Chadic and Omotic. These are more divergent from Hamito-Semitic though, which are more immediately related to each other.

[@ZAGAD-i2x]

You forgot to mention that everyday masri is HEAVILY influenced by Coptic, some things in Egyptian arabic are practically intelligible to non Egyptian Arabs due to this fact

[@mohslimani5716]

Hi. I am Kabyle from north Africa. Egypt is مصر. This comes from tamazight mis = son. Ra= god Ra. Misra is egypt it's son of Ra.

[@mennaehab1519]

You failed to mention that the modern egyptian arabic is not 100% arabic and has many words and even grammar from many languages including ancient egyptian as well

[@信者の男]

I'd like to say what happened but I don't want to get banned

[@sidizem5173]

Your story will be false anyway...

[@Tabish_Nooristani]

"muhh I'm getting censored wahhhhhh😢"

[@naitor2594]

​@@Tabish_Nooristani mohammed is a false prophet

[@naitor2594]

@@sidizem5173 your religion is false

[@MelodicRaptor60]

Modern day Egyptians are none alike the ancient ones, different skin color and different facial structure

[@Magdyy]

Thanks for calling you can now mind west Africa

[@omaralfar1666]

Petition to change "Berber" to "Amazigh"

[@CW0123]

Unfortunately Islam conquered much of the Middle East changing native cultures forever

[@ASMM1981EGY]

Roman Empire destroyed our ancient Egyptian temple schools before Arabs did

[@Dense_Osmium]

Blame Romans and Persia first what a stupid comment

[@Dense_Osmium]

The middle east has always been indigenous Arabic except north Africa and Persia

[@nightthemoon8481]

@In10sed-ye4tm wtf are u talking about 💀How would leaving islam turn egypt into ancient egypt 💀the main issues affecting egypt right now are the nile water crisis, and more importantly the military dictatorship that overthrew the singular democratically elected president in morsi (2013), before whom we also had a military dictatorship ruled by mubarak. Explain how exactly you think athiesm would help people in permanently overthrowing the deep rooted military dictatorship

[@borntowild480]

So we can conclude that Arabs destroyed Coptic?

[@EEM_4]

The Arab are the ones who created modern Coptic

[@friendlyrobotasmr]

Nope the arabs destroyed it​@@EEM_4

[@Just_a_turtle_chad]

Languages have always gone extinct when other groups arrive with their dominant language

[@ahmedanubis]

Egyptians gradually mass adopted Arabic over 500 years for multiple factors, including religion, trade, class climbing, the Chruch adopting Arabic under Fatimid rule etc... but if that helps you sleep at night I guess.

[@friendlyrobotasmr]

@@ahmedanubis church used coptic

[@jth6587]

The Copts' language is ancient Greek... No one knows the phonetic language of the Pharaohs... It is just writing different letters, but the sound of the letters is unknown to anyone.

[@RalphEllis]

Shorter answer - it became Aramaic. I have a 500 word Egyptian-Aramaic ‘dictionary’, with the same pronunciation and meaning. R

[@kwamemaatranyame-mentuhote9952]

Your a liar 🤥 & loan words doesn’t equate to Mutual intelligibility Egyptian language isn’t Semitic

[@mgr1282]

Iranians resisted against arabization and kept their language Persian.

[@RustamBashardost]

Yea but still Lots of farsi is Arabe

[@kirilvelinov7774]

I created a new language that uses a mix of English,Coptic,Armenian and Deseret scripts together lol

[@kiuk_kiks]

Coptic is a Graeco-Roman-Demotic creole. Gotcha.

[@Mildon44]

small pet peeve - They're called "hieroglyphs". "Hieroglyphic" is the adjective. The Hieroglyphic script contains hieroglyphs So, "hieroglyphics" is never correct.

[@jarvs7719]

3:17 I don't know some scribe whold sneak it in

[@KhAnubis]

Actually yeah they did that sort of stuff all the time

[@ronaldbolibol470]

نزل غلط الاعلانات

[@AsereCrypto]

It’s called EVOLUTION my friend.

[@emanuelskelaj9843]

Can you do a video about the Illyrians?

[@Κωνσταντινος-ξ1ψ]

the albanians would click onto the video faster than the speed of light, only to then die of disappointment when they realise they are in no way related to the illyrians.

[@emanuelskelaj9843]

@@Κωνσταντινος-ξ1ψ then what are Albanians related to if not Illyrians sense you know so much more then me

[@Κωνσταντινος-ξ1ψ]

@@emanuelskelaj9843 The albanians are albanians, as simple as that. The albanians of today are related to the ancient albanians. Illyria was it's own thing

[@railwaymechanicalengineer4587]

DOES ANYONE STILL READ IT - OR MORE IMPORTANTLY UNDERSTAND IT ! Probably the most conversant with the ancient Hieroglyphics, was of course Prof Velikovsky (Princeton University 1918-79). who quickly discovered that some of the earliest translations by "Archaeologists" descending on Egypt from the 1880's onwards, were badly translated. Mainly because these supposed scholars were in truth more interested in finding "treasures" to cart away. They were NOT Scientists ! So what Velikovsky discovered was that these "early" translations said what the translator thought the ancient Egyptians were trying to say. Not what was actually written ! Read on for the bombshell......! For example these early Archaeologist translators would change the colour of the sky which stated it was red 24/7, to blue. As obviously the sky is blue. Wrong ! Our planets sky was originally red, because the Sun was originally red. In other words the Archaeologists had not understood, the era of "the Cataclysms" (6000-8000 years ago) and their continued influence on the writings of not just the Egyptians, but also ancient Sumerian, Hebrew, Sanskrit, Chinese & Japanese. In all those ancient writings, Velikovsky repeatedly discovered the strange reference to the sky being constantly red. Indeed it seems there had been no real night, and the Sun never fully set, and rose again where it had set. Which today obviously seems totally absurd. But there is a rational Cosmological solution, when you understand Astronomy & Physics ! Indeed even the well known Egyptian God "Ra" has also been continuously misunderstood. "Ra" was supposedly the "Sun God". But Velikovsky discovered "Ra" wasn't the current Sun, but Venus. But how could anyone confuse Venus, with the Sun ? All of which points to Velikovsky's publication after 30 years of research & study into all these ancient Civilisations. Which as we now know thanks to Gobekli Tepe (South East Turkey) being recognised to be at least 9000 years old ! Go back a bit further than previously thought. His Scientific book, entitled "Worlds in Collison" published in 1950, set the Scientific Community in the USA on fire, and they deemed Velikovsky a "Heretic". Why so ? The argument raged around just one particular sentence in the book, which questioned whether Sir Isaac Newtons "Law of Gravity" worked in exactly the way described, in other parts of the Solar system ! But the problem of Earths sky, and the "Suns" odd behaviour can be explained quite simply in an Astronomical & Physical way. Earth was tidally locked to its "Sun" (like the moon is to Earth). And so the Sun may never fully have set, and would rise where it had set. Indeed there would have been NO seasons, and the whole planet would have been constantly warm, so there would have been no Snow or Ice anywhere on the planet, even Antartica would have been pleasantly warm. Which explains all the remains of giant Fauna in Antartica today !!! Velikovsky's book effectively unravels a lot more about that cataclysmic era of 6,000-8,000 years ago. Many of the terrifying stories which include of course "Great Floods", and mountains being destroyed, re-carved, whole areas of land being bombarded by Lightning Bolts from the skies above, to the extent that ALL life was "atomised" almost instantaneously. All of which seems more like some Hollywood disaster movie today. But the "Cataclysms" occurred, and there is recent evidence from NASA to support this. Which drags Saturn into the picture. NASA's probe to the Saturnian system named Cassini, spent 10 years (2004-14) hurtling around Saturn discovering more Moons, and other information. Importantly just as Velikovsky had stated in his 1950 book. NASA discovered that Saturn's rings are made primarily of water, are "NEW", are already dissipating, and most importantly of all. The Water in those rings is exactly the same as the water on Earth , down to the last ISOTOPE. In other words the only Scientific explanation possible is that Earth was once in very close proximity to Saturn. For the simple reason that any water on any planet should exhibit differences, particularly in its ISOTOPIC make up. Yet further Earth Mars & Saturn all have a 23-25 degree tilt from the Elliptical Plane. Not possible if all these planets have been in this Solar system for Billions of years, as even the weak force of Gravity, would have ensured they all line up with the Suns Equator by now. The implication of "Earth" being new to this Solar system is unavoidable, but it has to be fully explained, and Velikovsky's book, gives a rational Scientific explanation for all the events mentioned here and many others. Including Venus's current and odd backward rotation, and its far too perfect path around the Sun, and its highly peculiar electrical behaviour. Indeed Velikovsky's book introduced the problem of "Electrical" behaviour including the infamous "Thunderbolts from the Gods" which all the ancient stories keep referring too. Electricity and its controlling behaviour of the planets, including all Earths lightning storms and worse. Was the fundamental scientific connection between "The cataclysms" of the past that hit Earth, and the current situation in the Solar system. Which quite clearly is that the Solar system has NOT been a nice quite corner of our Galaxy for Billions of years. Indeed continuing Scientific research by members of the IEEE (The Institute for Electricity) itself a specialist & technical branch of Science, has led to another aspect of current Astronomical investigation of the Universe. Into exactly how "Electricity" plays its part in the Universes behaviour. With devastating results. Which is causing a major paradigm shift in the way we see understand Universe !! Indeed for those intrigued to discover all of what Velikovsky revealed. And the expanding ongoing scientific discoveries. You can't do better than check out the expansive "THUNDERBOLTS PROJECT" website. Were a number of leading IEEE scientists including Radio Astronomers, Plasm Physicists et al, publish Documentaries & Shorts on an almost daily basis. It's Electrifying !! THE PLASMA ELECTRIC UNIVERSE IS THE SOLUTION TO OUR PAST PRESENT & FUTURE - THERE ARE NO ISLANDS IN SPACE - WHICH INCLUDES OUR SOLAR SYSEM !

[@plant.hacks.4.ur.environment]

Sounds a lot like Egypts shift to Arabic is a type of colonialism.

[@wambokodavid7109]

Egyptian History is but colonialism.all the people living there today are because of colonialism.from Greeks to Romans to Arabs.

[@jonahs92]

Short answer: Arab colonialism.

[@Dense_Osmium]

What a re**rded comment, Romans are to blame + people practiced their culture under islamic rule

[@Dense_Osmium]

You're just irrationally hating on islam, I don't know who hurt you but the hate is crazy

[@jonahs92]

@@Dense_Osmium Where did I mention Islam?

[@user-ft9jn5tw1u]

Someone doesn't know what colonialism is lmao!

[@Dense_Osmium]

@@jonahs92 if Arabs were Christian you would have never wrote this comment. Blame the Romans before the arabs

[@odiadordeisrael]

Great vid, unfortunately this comment section will be co-opted by a few weird people who want an excuse to hate muslim arabs but still revere ancient Near Eastern cultures as if the cultural traditions of those people was just cut off during the conversion to Islam.

[@metalbob123]

i love you khanubis

[@Yukikuroshima]

Well im really jealous of all middle eastern countries tgey have rich and beautiful histories and also mentioned in all religious books too

[@holbvgbbbbkfz]

Conquest after conquest until all of the ancient culture was wiped The final blow being the Muslims who did not respect non abrahamic religion but the language was long dead by then

[@ahmedanubis]

Egyptian culture wasn't wiped out it Christianized and later Islamized, that is an ignorant statement... Muslims allowed Zoroastrians to practice acts such as Mother Marriage, they allowed Hindus to worship all their Gods and maintain their rituals, both are non-Abrahamic faiths. Islamic law is clear, Non-Muslims under Islamic rule are ahl al dthima (the people of protection, i.e. protected class) They get to rule their communities by their book and common law as long as they pay the Jyzia tax of 1.75% of their yearly income to the state. The prophet said "Whoever harms a dhimmi will not smell the scent of heaven" and he said that he would defend the dhimmi on the day of judgement in front of God... So yet another hilariously ignorant statement. The Egyptian language was not long dead 😂😂😂You had 7 MILLION Military aged males(based on the Jyzia tax population estimate) speaking Coptic when Arabs conquered Egypt, the vast majority were farmers and the vast majority didn't speak Greek or Latin.... a third ignorant statement, come on you can't be this dense.... But if you are sincere I would recommend you look up a lecture on YT by Fawzeya Haykal called Egyptian Cultural Continuity to see how wrong you are and maybe you learn a thing or two about how Christianization and Islamization impacted Egyptians.

[@Tabish_Nooristani]

It took the entirety of North Africa centuries to be fully arabized,seems like a very slow final blow😂.

[@sneedfeed3179]

0:13 ana sbanjibob

[@mohmedelsayd6071]

It becomes Coptic then merge with arabic creating the Egyptian dilact

[@osehesham1185]

Other Arabs : no bro Egypt speaks their own shit we can’t understand

[@Fummy007]

Egyptian was never an entirely logographic system like Chinese

[@bletwort2920]

Makes me wonder how the world would be if Christianity and Islam hadn't taken off