Mongols: Civil Wars and Conquest of China - Battle of Yamen 1279 DOCUMENTARY

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The rise of the Toluid dynasty within the Mongol empire didn't stabilize the realm. The defeat at Ain Jalut and the death of Mongke almost immediately ignited two civil wars: In Mongolia, Ariq took the power and declared war on the presumed heir Kublai, while another conflict broke out between the Golden Horde of Berke and Hulagu's Ilkhanate. The civil wars continued for years and effectively divided the empire of Genghis Khan into 4 states. Moreover the conquest of China was still not finalized and the Mongols would have to fight against the final remnants of the Song dynasty at the battle of Yamen.
Previous episodes:
Battle of Yehuling - • Video
Battles of Parwan and Indus - • Mongols: Fall of Khwar...
Battle of Kalka - • Mongols: Expedition of...
Battles of Legnica and Mohi - • Mongols: Western Expan...
Battle of Ain Jalut and Siege of Baghdad - • Mongols: Zenith of Emp...
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Songs used:

[@KingsandGenerals]

Hey, guys, thanks for being with us. It is hard to overstate how important your support is.

[@wiron1171]

Can you please continue the napoleon series please

[@KingExituS]

Kublai Khan was the true heir to Genghis Khan, thanks for the video!

[@christermi]

fourth

[@scott228]

Kings and Generals all so support on patreon

[@maniras6634]

Excellent video, please make couple of more on Mongols especially on battle of Ravi (Mongols vs Khilji Sultanate in India). Thanks

[@stefanosgrimp8990]

Top 10 deadliest jobs in history No 1 mongol envoy

[@KingsandGenerals]

:-)

[@zmeireles68]

#2 Conservative person trying to freely speak

[@BigBlessedCake]

Korean president

[@bestmovies1987]

could you make a video about between 1368-1755 Mongols history? I think video name should be Fall and Civil wars of Mongols in 14-18 centuries For example: civil war of Central mongols. Too many kings changed by civil war every year in Central mongolia. Also Ming dynasty vs Mongol war ( 1449 battle of Tumu 20k mongols vs 500k chinese), Mongols attacked Beijing 16 century, Civil war 1368-1391 ( Oirat( western mongols) vs Khalka (central mongols) Every single year kings are changed by civil war of Mongolia. About manchus raise. Last king Ligden of Mongolia fought with Manchus army& defeated. About- Inner mongols contracted to Manchu and accepted under Manchus rule in 1636(Qin dynasty) the reason was lords of Inner mongolians don’t want to follow Central mongolians rule. Manchu and Inner mongols united army conquered Capital of Ming dynasty in 1644. Manchu(Qin dynasty)and Inner mongolian army conquered to china(Min dynasty). In 1636 Central mongols conquered to Tibet. After that Western mongols entered to Tibet & Western Mongols(Dzungar) and Central Mongols(Khalka) fought with each other. Central mongols defeated and retreated. Russian empire is raised. Russian entered to Kazakh khanate and Dzungar territories& battle with them. Also Russians conquered Lake baikali and Northern Mongolians(Buriyat). That time Northern Mongols were under Central mongols rule. Central mongols sent to army for protect Northern mongols against Russians. That army won Russian army. Russia army retreated until Omsk and Novosibirsk. Central mongol army reached until Novosibirsk. But that time Western Mongols(Dzungar) entered central mongols territory. Central mongols army retreated from Russia& fought with Dzungar. Central mongols defeated by Dzungar after that battle. Central mongols accepted under Manchu rule by paperwork(contract)in 1691. Reason was Western mongols( Oirat- name changed by Dzungar) attacked border of central Mongols. Central mongols asked to Manchu for protect them against Western mongols. Then Dzungar and Manchu war started. Western mongols rule was between 1636-1727 in Tibet until Qin dynasty conquer. Dzungar khanate conquered Kazakh khanate, Uzbek, Tashkent, Samarkand, some parts of Russia, Kyrgyz, tibet. Civil war of Dzungar khanate started between 1700-1755. Many kings were changed by civil war of Dzungar. Manchus army conquered to Dzungar 1755. Some generals of Dzungar khanate follow manchus army against Dzungar khanate. Rebel(Revolution)of Dzungar started between 1755-1758. Qin dynasty(Manchu) killed 80-90% of total population of Dzungar khanate. It was one of top 10 genocide in the world. Nobody lived there after the genocide. Qin dynasty bring new residents from another territories and placed there. Uyghurs, Kazaks ect. S

[@nodude4863]

@@zmeireles68 cringe

[@zacharyedwards665]

That breaking sound is so satisfying to hear man

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@luked4043]

Especially when the breaking sound comes from the people who killed the envoys

[@bestmovies1987]

@@KingsandGenerals could you make a video about between 1368-1755 Mongols history? I think video name should be Fall and Civil wars of Mongols in 14-18 centuries For example: Ming dynasty vs Mongol war ( 1449 battle of Tumu 20k mongols vs 500k chinese), Mongols attacked Beijing 16 century, Civil war 1368-1391 ( Oirat( western mongols) vs Khalka (central mongols) Every single year kings are changed by civil war of Mongolia. About manchus raise. Last king Ligden of Mongolia fought with Manchus army& defeated. About- Inner mongols contracted to Manchu and accepted under Manchus rule in 1636(Qin dynasty) the reason was lords of Inner mongolians don’t want to follow Central mongolians rule. Manchu and Inner mongols united army conquered Capital of Ming dynasty in 1644. Manchu(Qin dynasty)and Inner mongolian army conquered to china(Min dynasty). In 1636 Central mongols conquered to Tibet. After that Western mongols entered to Tibet & Western Mongols(Dzungar) and Central Mongols(Khalka) fought with each other. Central mongols defeated and retreated. Russian empire is raised. Russian entered to Kazakh khanate and Dzungar territories& battle with them. Also Russians conquered Lake baikali and Northern Mongolians(Buriyat). That time Northern Mongols were under Central mongols rule. Central mongols sent to army for protect Northern mongols against Russians. That army won Russian army. Russia army retreated until Omsk and Novosibirsk. Central mongol army reached until Novosibirsk. But that time Western Mongols(Dzungar) entered central mongols territory. Central mongols army retreated from Russia& fought with Dzungar. Central mongols defeated by Dzungar after that battle. Central mongols accepted under Manchu rule by paperwork(contract)in 1691. Reason was Western mongols( Oirat- name changed by Dzungar) attacked border of central Mongols. Central mongols asked to Manchu for protect them against Western mongols. Then Dzungar and Manchu war started. Western mongols rule was between 1636-1727 in Tibet until Qin dynasty conquer. Dzungar khanate conquered Kazakh khanate, Uzbek, Tashkent, Samarkand, some parts of Russia, Kyrgyz, tibet. Civil war of Dzungar khanate started between 1700-1755. Many kings were changed by civil war of Dzungar. Manchus army conquered to Dzungar 1755. Some generals of Dzungar khanate follow manchus army against Dzungar khanate. Rebel(Revolution)of Dzungar started between 1755-1758. Qin dynasty(Manchu) killed 80-90% of total population of Dzungar khanate. It was one of top 10 genocide in the world. Nobody lived there after the genocide. Qin dynasty bring new residents from another territories and placed there. Uyghurs, Kazaks ect.

[@uzithedreadpoet6777]

😎

[@cumunist2120]

Ah yes the sound of 100s of people dying

[@lolwutyoumad]

Nice emissaries you have there, shame if something were to happen to them......

[@jamestang1227]

OMG Mongols killing other Mongol's envoys and then not being destroyed completely. We really have come full circle haven't we?

[@KingsandGenerals]

I don't know, maybe the envoys need to kill the Mongols for it to be a full circle. :-)

[@Artur_M.]

Kings and Generals The Mongols were the exception :)

[@MASTERMIND-mr6er]

Artur M. Wait for it.......

[@SomalianDuke]

But if a mongol envoy killed another mongol envoy, the mongols would have to kill that envoy aswell. Then what would happen? The mongols commit mass suicide?

[@jeltavnan7710]

During the 2nd and 3rd generation of rule over the foreign territory, the envoys, commanders and soldiers were mostly foreigners for the middle east and Europe. The life of a foreign envoy is not considered much valuable than the Mongol nobles anymore. And plus, the Golden Horde was very strong for the next few centuries, there's no match for the other Hannate to attack them, unless the native Mongol army.

[@Spirelord]

All of this series honestly made me reflect very deeply on the interplay between areas of nomadic groups and their clashes with areas of settled kingdoms throughout history. The vast majority of history in the Old World has been shaped by the inevitable conflict between these two forms of human organization. The Rashidun Caliphate, the Huns, the Turks, the Mongols, the Mughals, the Saharan caliphates in Western Africa...these greatly impacted and linked the predominantly settled areas of the world and the back-and-forth these nomadic forces created did much to define the pre-European-colonial world. That model of worldbuilding was probably shattered by the time naval-driven colonization started becoming the norm as far as affecting the world in the most drastic ways go. What makes the Mongols so fascinating is that it is the finest and most extreme form of the older worldbuilding. Endlessly intriguing from a historical and anthropological viewpoint.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Quality comment.

[@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory]

Great work, as usual! I love the cinematography, your work improves with each video. In regards to the fate of Ariq Böke, after his surrender Kublai is said to have welcomed his brother with open arms and to have been gladdened by the his brother 'seeing the light,' as it were. According to Rashid al-Din, Kublai asked Ariq "Dear brother, in this strife and contention, were we right, or you?" To which Ariq responded "We were then, and you are now." Brings to my mind what the Mongolian generals would say in Medieval 2: Total War, "it doesn't matter who is right, only who wins." Kublai's ministers though were angry that he wasn't punishing Ariq though. To placate them he executed some of Ariq's followers, and then refused to have him in his company for an entire year. This wasn't enough though, and Kublai tried to organize a conference with the other Khans, to which they all sent excuses to not show up to (and Hulagu, Berke and Alghu all died over the next 2 or 3 years anyways). Convieniently for Kublai, Ariq died suddenly in early 1266. Ariq was a strong man in good health and sources do not indicate he had a history of sickness, so it is often assumed poor old Ariq did not meet a natural end. Also: Korea and Tibet were also under control of the Yuan. Korea came under Mongol dominion the same year as the fall of Xiangyang, as the next year (1274) it was a staging point for Kublai's first invasion of Japan. Fantastic work! I hope you cover more on the Mongols in the future!

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

Ah, the highlight of the day!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks, my friend. :-)

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

I think I'm smelling the Battle of Kulikovo in some near future, am I right? ;)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yes, sir, it is a good entry to the history of Russia, and we want to make a series out of that. :-)

[@kamilszadkowski8864]

Sounds really promising. Can't wait already. Good luck guys.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@srxjk8186]

why tears in my eyes? I am speechless, history recording is the best lesson we should learn, and it's the reason why we humankind has civilizations, we learned lessons from the past, then we keep progressing

[@KingsandGenerals]

Agreed, my friend, we need to learn and be better.

[@SAarumDoK]

The voice of Devin is really putting life to the documentaries. Keep up the good work guys !

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :) ... and listening I guess :)

[@gerrystreet1745]

Man the Mongols civil wars are so interesting. We saw a Mongol envoy killed by another Mongol. We saw a Mongol force fell into the feigned retreat tactic by another Mongol force. Thx for the birthday present (8th April), I still waiting for the Grande Armée marching against Russia and Narses for re-reconquering the Italian Peninsula

[@unrealsimon93]

One minor correction: 6:32, you said Kublai Khan's issuance of paper money was unheard of until then. But this practice has already been done by the Song Chinese that he conquered, and he simply revived the practice. An epic series nonetheless. It was just breathtaking watching through all the episodes. Great choice of narrator and music.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! I probably worded it poorly. The main point was that this currency was used all over the continent.

[@TheBossman618]

Top ten most dangerous jobs #1 - Mongol Envoy

[@jaichind]

The Song commander in the battle of Battle of Yamen Zhang Shijie (張世傑) himself actually served in the Mongol army under Zhang Rou (張柔) who himself was a Jin commander who surrendered to the Mongols in 1218 after his forces were defeated by the Mongols. Zhang Shijie then committed a crime and then defected to the Song to avoid punishment. The Mongol commander was Zhang Hongfan (張弘範) who is actually the son of Zhang Rou.

[@banjiu10]

And Zhang Shijie and Zhang Hongfan were both born in Hebei province. So technically the Battle of Yamen is a Hebei civil war ...

[@bobsmanle7491]

not at all, when his soldier were paid by mongol, eat mongol food and even sail mongol ship, many of his army are mongol 's mercenaries (Korean sailors...). If that zhang does not lead the army, someone else will do. As mongol is far richer, have more food, larger army..... Song will fall in less than 10 years.

[@heavenwatcher100]

Still, in views of our ethnic Han, Zhang Shijie is a national hero while Zhang Hongfan is a traitor. Same in the case of Wen Tianxiang(文天祥）, whose little brother served Mongols. But you can't deny Wen Tianxiang is a hero. Guo Kan（郭侃）, who led the artillery in the siege of Baghdad and later attacked modern Zhejiang(浙江）, despite being Han Chinese, also betaryed his own race.

[@ZhangK71]

Lol the situation for the Song was shitty, but the situation for Zhang Shijie must have been far shittier. He wasn’t just going to lose to an enemy, he was going to lose to an enemy that he had violated and had to flee for his life from, and therefore an enemy that he could never hope to surrender to

[@alexioskomnenos5290]

That is such a silly way to treat history; putting your modern sociological biases into a past context where ideas like 'ethnicity' and 'race' did not yet exist (the Mongols for example employed everyone, from Turks to Koreans, and their enemies always just referred to them as 'Mongols'). The generals on both sides of the war were heroes if you look at their personal deeds and valour (much like how both the Greeks and the Trojans in the Illiad are both described as heroes by Homer). Judging historical characters by modern ideas will always result in everyone being barbaric and uncivilized (imagine what we would think of a modern person crucifying thousands of individuals, or sacking cities etc). Yet in the past people lived by different standards, and someone who sacked cities and massacred civilians could also be an upstanding citizen during their own age (plenty of texts at the time from Europe extolling the virtues of Genghis). Perhaps in the future people will call us barbarians, and they would be right, if we were to be judged by their values. But as in everything, context is key.

[@osmanfaruk554]

ARIQ : KILLS MONGOL ENVOYS GENGHIS IN AFTERLIFE: SO U HAVE CHOSEN DEATH

[@Brandonhayhew]

real Chinggis khan: Seriously i never liked all those foreigners who killed my envoys and i destroyed their empires. my grandson what is wrong with you?

[@jaichind]

The battle of SanFeng Mountain 三峰山之戰 in 1232 was another great and decisive battle between the Mongols and the Jin Empire which finished off the Jin. It was a great battle of maneuver where a sudden snowstorm saved the Mongols from defeat which could have prolonged the Jin Empire's survival for a decade or two.

[@banjiu10]

Your map is wrong. Tibet is part of the Mongol Empire and the Yuan dynasty. Also Dali fell many years earlier to Mongols. In the end the Southern Song dynasty was completely cornered and attacked by Mongols from both north and west. Southern Song managed to fight Mongols for nearly 50 years before her final fall.

[@ivanlagrossemoule]

Also Hungary wasn't part of the Mongol Empire, even though it was successfully attacked and sacked. A large part of the country wasn't lost to the Mongols as they left all of the fortifications and more remote settlements intact.

[@heavenwatcher100]

True.

[@Kyros9119]

ivanlagrossemoule hungary is a different although very similar green.

[@ivanlagrossemoule]

Illsigvo Oh shit you're right.

[@csmth96]

While Tibet is a vassal of Mongol Empire, it is strange to say Tibet is a part of Mongol Empire and the Yuan dynasty. We should use terms in medieval age to describe what happened at that era.

[@jamestang1227]

I hope another series on Timur happens next.

[@garyzou6559]

The fall of Song Dynasty was one of the most tragic moments in Chinese history. It is said that ten thousand soldiers and citizens was found dead in the sea after the naval battle. This battle shows the tenacity and bravery of Chinese people, that even there is no hope at all, they will fight till the end.

[@gmaychelloeli5502]

100,000 Chinese people and soldiers. They followed the Emperor with their loyalty to the Song Dynasty

[@Huben57]

@@gmaychelloeli5502 and our civilization died at yamen.

[@purevjavterbish33]

@@Huben57 I am mongol writing from Mongolia.I want say to you chinaman that my great ancestors greated in 13 century the most strong military super power in all human history .It was much strong than-Romans,Arab Khalifat,British e,Nazy Germany,Soviet Union& USA.Only short reign great khans Ogedei 1229-1241,Guek 1246-1248,Munke 1251-1259 and 40 years civil war prevented to occupy all Eurasia continent,muslim countries in North Africa,Japan.All russians,muslims,americans,europians agreed with my opinion.

[@Huben57]

@@purevjavterbish33 lol i bet its just another typical indian sh itskin. whats the matter our nation lives rent free permantly in your dense skull? change your name to look mongolian if you want to pull off your larp at the very least. idiot.

[@purevjavterbish33]

@@Huben57 my name is Tibetian,but I am mongol descendant of Kubilai Khan mongols adopted buddism from Tibet and many mongols using tibetian names.For many centuries China was under mongol rule,during toba Wey dynasty 386-535,Toba Tan empire 618-907,kitan Liao dynasty 947-1125 and Great Yuan empire 1279-1368.

[@HoracioPz]

This is beautiful to watch with a cup of coffee early in the morning.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Good morning! :-)

[@ihernandez4234]

Rip Mongol envoys. They're not even safe from their own people.

[@Omegaeon1]

sunday became a special day for me :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@JodenPaoloPeroy]

Devin! Glad to hear your voice again!

[@donaldcrawfordiii554]

Thank you for making such a great effort in making this content available. I for one look forward this all the time. Once again thank you.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much! :-)

[@abuubaidah5162]

You know it will be a great day when KnG post

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@seanepping5706]

Absolutely love these videos, keep up the good work!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, we will!

[@logang7778]

As always your videos are completely illuminating. When I played Medieval Total War 2 I used to get so confused on the difference between Mongol/Tartar/Golden horde etc...but you've explained it really well. Loving this Mongol run K&G are on. Keep up the great work guys!

[@robertocabrera2030]

Just got up and an upload from you guys? Yes! I love history and this is a very enjoyable way to watch. Keep it up guys!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, we will!

[@adrianrafaelmagana804]

I cant thank you enough for not being strictly Eurocentric. It means more than you know and it differentiates you from the rest.!

[@tommyliu7781]

Adrian Magaña hi

[@jaichind]

I do not know much about the Berke-Hulagu war. Thanks so much for this.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Unfortunately, there is not enough info on this war.

[@rajmahmood783]

@@KingsandGenerals We Want A Complete Video On Burke - Hulagu War Based On Complete Information Gained Tilll Date If Possible...

Great video as always!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@davidbagrationi199]

Great video, as always! Thumbnails are really cool

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you very much!

[@abhyudayasinhchauhan6499]

Really love your work guys.... keep it up😁

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will, thank you!

[@harryjackson3867]

You should finish the Mongol series with the red turban rebellion, that would be awesome

[@KingsandGenerals]

There will be more!

[@harryjackson3867]

Kings and Generals yea I guess the invasions of India and south-east Asia are next

[@cdjmk1000]

thank you for these beautiful vids. well done brothers !

[@Demcik]

Splendid work, as usual :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, good sir!

[@jayjohn9893]

Fantastic video.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@Taistelukalkkuna]

*Killing of Envoys Intensifies*

[@davea.9927]

A second season on this topic would be fantastic!! I don't know much about this region and would love it if you did more.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching. We will see :)

[@faresaljajeh3487]

Amazing work! Please stay the course. You are gold.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@balawalahmad1333]

Once again Thank you So much for brilliant video on History.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@Olly07]

WEEKLY UPLOADS! BazBattles hasn't uploaded for 3 weeks. Thanks a lot! Keep it up!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching. :-) But there is no need for that other stuff, everybody has their own process. :-)

[@Olly07]

Their own unique path :)

[@aGr3atD4y]

awesome video

[@lukezuzga6460]

My favorite way to begin my Sundays!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! :-)

[@gordon8282]

Every great empire ends with a civil war .Great historical video keep it up!

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will, thank you!

[@heavenwatcher100]

Still, I can't deny Song's incompetence in diplomacy gave Mongols an excuse to attack it. In the past series, you talked about the battle of Yehuling(野狐岭之战) between the Mongols and Jin Dynasty, which lied to the north of Song. Guess what Song was doing after this battle and before the aggression of the Mongols to themselves? Song decided to form an alliance with Mongols to revenge Jin. The problem was Mongols were far more disciplined and had greater eager to land than already corrupted Jin. It's like a sheep decided to beg a strong tiger for help in order to drive an old wolf back to the steppes. What's more, Song made a wrong decision in 1234 that ultimately angered Mongols and caused them to attack. After Jin's defeat, initially, Mongols wanted to spare Song for a while and even negotiated a final peace solution that allows both nations to divide China. Southern Song, not realizing the true strength of both nations, ordered a swift march towards northern China to reclaim some of their lost cities back to the time of Northern Song dynasty. This event was called March to Reclaim Luoyang(端平入洛）However, what Mongols proposed was Mongols and Song divide China by the Huai River(淮河）, which was to the south of Luoyang and Kaifeng, the capital of Northern Song dynasty. After this action, Mongols felt they were humiliated by the dishonesty of Song, and launched a comprehensive campaign against Song.

[@franosusnjara8510]

i consider myself to be a man with good history knowledge bit then there are people like you. good job and thanks for the info

[@heavenwatcher100]

Frano Thanks, bro. We can always learn from each other under this channel. I also have topics not so familiar with, such as the Diadochi war in the previous episode.

[@wisdomleader85]

Not to mention chaining ships together was exactly why Cao Cao lost the battle of red cliffs 1000 years prior to the battle of Yamen. Apparently Song's military adviser didn't learn much history, lol.

[@Dragons_Armory]

nah, context is key, the Song themselves are well familiar with fire attacks and fireships, they even had flamethrower ships called tiger ships. They did this because they knew by themselves they will be slaughtered. Kublai's navy has a lot of veteran Chinese commanders (not traitors but Chinese already born in Yuan lands) and if they get close those giant transports are picked apart clean. But if you fireproof them and chain them together they will have to deal with you as a hard bulk to dislodge.

[@banjiu10]

I don't blame Song's decision to ally with Mongols against Jin and 端平入洛. It's all about politics. Allying with the enemy Jin is not an option because it is politically incorrect. 端平入洛 is also motivated politically because Emperor Lizong and the elites felt the necessity to reclaim the old territory after taking down Jin. It's Song's weakened military power and impractical goals that turned it into a disaster. But in terms of diplomacy, I don't give it much importance. I believe Mongols always has the conquest of Song as their ultimate goal, and there is no possibility of any "international" interference at that time. Song has to face the inevitable clash with Mongols alone, anyway.

[@waelazez8930]

Thank you for doing an excellent job and waiting for more

[@KingsandGenerals]

More on the way!

[@superfly19751]

Really nice video 👍 Thank you

[@jasnazivkovic613]

Birthday present. Thank you!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Happy Birthday, Jasna!

[@moazzimalive9578]

Jasna Živković happy birthday

[@darthveatay]

Jasna Živković happy birthday

[@abidaaamir3498]

Happy Birthday Jasna!

[@komlen95]

Srecan rodjendan!

[@ArkDiabLord]

I cried at 11:44...

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yep, quite dramatic.

[@WhiteFalcon_EA]

Great one, again!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@johnwill4135]

This channel is gold.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you, good sir!

[@tayro480]

Perfect as alweys.Please make more videos.You are awesome.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! We will!

[@maxgong8374]

Amazing as always K&G. The mongol and napoleonic wars were amazing ! Can't wait for ur continuation of Season 2 Napoleon. Continuation of Frederick the Great would be fantastic and welcomed as well. So many exciting periods to cover

[@KingsandGenerals]

We are planning to be here for a long time. So, we will cover a lot more :)

[@maxgong8374]

Haha glad to hear. I'll be on ur patron for a long time then 😊

[@kalashnikov5038]

Absolutely loving it!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@shawndavis2611]

i love this channel very detailed info another great production

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@moulayismail1546]

You are the best

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@jasonwang5085]

It's always sad to see the fall of Song Dynasty. It is the Dynasty that implemented most of the literature components into the Chinese Language System, it's contribution of World GDP had reached the peak of Chinese civilization, they have developed so many technologies that affected the human history. It just has so many achievements, and many of the survived legacies really benefits the world in the later history. Yet, it is gone, and all those interesting possibilities are gone as well. After this breakdown, China had never recovered and return back to its peak. On the contrary, it began to fall behind the world. I don't hate Mongols. We are all people, and sometimes people made the wrong choice. But it is really regrettable about the fall of Song.

[@abdulwaduod11]

wang Jason yeah it focused to much knowledge and learning but had weak military

[@user-wr5sr1ev8j]

The most incompetent is the Song Dynasty.

[@ZhangK71]

@@abdulwaduod11 "Weak" is a relative word. It still had "superpower"-class armed forces for its day -- maybe not the absolute best, but good enough to be better than, say, that of a smaller nation such as Poland. It just so happened that it went up against perhaps the most anomalous spawns of Satan the world had ever seen. Plus, corruption and bureaucratic and political incompetence had a lot to do with the weakening of its military. Even despite that, however, keep in mind that China was the Mongols' next door neighbor, yet it took them the longest of nearly all their conquests to subjugate.

[@abdulwaduod11]

ZhangK71 thank you for the valuable information,我其实简单地学到了中国历史，我认为宋代也是中国伟大的时代其中之一

[@ZhangK71]

@@abdulwaduod11 I'm glad you like Chinese history. In my opinion, the Tang Dynasty is the best dynasty. The Han is a close second. Sure, the Song had literature and the economy and technology and whatnot, but what great civilization didn't? What it didn't have was the prestige that the Tang and the Han had. Those two were real proud dynasties, vigorous and reasonably warlike. China as a whole for the most part was too passive and effete historically, so I really admire the dynasties when it was more assertive and made me proud to be associated, even if very minuscule-ly, with China.

[@tonykillen9159]

The study of Genghis Khan bought me to your channel thank u for the great videos and history

[@KingsandGenerals]

We are working on the second season.

[@jameskelman9856]

Awesome Video! Thanks!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@romelnegut2005]

Please, do the 2nd season.

[@KingsandGenerals]

We will see.

[@franosusnjara8510]

Kings and Generals is this the first time you didnt answer : "in preparation" or "already done" :D

[@KingsandGenerals]

Still months away. :-) There is an outline, but not much else for now.

[@VforArt]

wow, very nice episode, learned much... will there be episode on golden horde and ho it came to an end?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Yes, it will be part of the second season.

[@CahitbeyAdiAlinmis]

Oh that sweet sound, its good to hear something like that once a while. Great video as always.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@ersinert]

great video as usual and i really like the music you use in mongol series

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@moroccanalmoravid1510]

Great job. Without this civil war the mongols would maybe have conquered the world. It would be beautiful also a series for the ilkhan-khalji war.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! We'll see.

[@venkatjayadeepj1342]

Mr One yes!

[@2SSSR2]

I doubt that. I think they would be beaten in Europe quite hard by joined forces of HRE, France, England, Scotland, Leon, Venice and many others in a Crusade against them. Sheer numbers of Crusaders in central Europe would devastate them. Plus their empire was so hollow it broke apart in months after Genghis died. It is one thing having an empire and nother actually making it to be stable and last.

[@sayhellototheyoutful]

there always puny european who thinkgs europe is the exceptional place that no one can conquer. Ignoring the fact that Attila(nomadic proto-mongol) Conquered all the way to France.

[@nomooon]

Haha conquer whole world, in their wildest dreams. Even in their prime they could not conquer Japan, Vietnam, and India. Not to mention Europe is so far away, they would not be able to conquer those lands, at most ravage parts of it.

[@keiththomas6147]

Please tell me when you're going to do a season 2 on the Napoleanic wars? Those episodes are so detailed and amazing!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Soon!

[@bremwynn9090]

Mongols killing Mongol envoys smh

[@mevlanisufi2100]

It was a great series. Awesome work.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@devereuxbirdzell]

Yes! I've been waiting for this. Thank you Kings and Generals.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@sunjian5458]

Accidentally heard Corosan(Korusan?) as Coruscant and my reaction was: "Wait!? We have Mongols in Star Wars!??"

[@KingsandGenerals]

This place: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Khorasan :-)

[@moku2450]

I always feel satisfied about this channel

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you :)

[@rkdlithium2458]

Keep it up these are great :D

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@maniras6634]

Excellent video, please make couple of more of these Mongols expeditions, like battle of Ravi, Khilji Sultan vs. Mongols as well. Thanks

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@augustwatring888]

Great way to start the day! Hope everyone who reads this has a good day!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! :-)

[@GM-xk1nw]

one of the best youtube channels

[@Depwhattube]

Excellent season. Please make a second one.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@tancreddehauteville9983]

Was beginning to file a complaint against the Mongol expert But I saw the video and had to kill the envoys I sent.

[@KingsandGenerals]

:-)

[@genetix7173]

if you kill your own envoys, do you have to sack your own city.

[@tancreddehauteville9983]

Genetix I guess Genghis's Ghost will do that for me👻

[@mustafa2001ali]

Funniest comment here so far lollllllz

[@zaptosx4475]

Sack ur city lol

[@ahmadhussain682]

I’m really excited to know more about the Golden Horde.

[@KingsandGenerals]

There will be more episodes.

[@musicuniverse1356]

The Golden Horde were brutal they brought about the collapse of the Caliphate in Baghdad. The Caliph at the time he was rolled into a rig and trampled by horses because it was against Mongol superstition to shed the blood of a King or leader. The Golden Horde also burned down the great library of Baghdad. The Golden Age of Islam and the Golden Age of China brought to an end by the Mongols.

[@THEEck5000]

Love this series!

[@MrSami-tv6vl]

Great video .

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@ZastinHuynh93]

Will you consider doing a full Video on Mongol invasion of Japan and Vietnam? :)

[@KingsandGenerals]

For the second season. :-)

[@b.boldnasan9592]

Even though my ancestors lost in these battles i would really liked to see it. Thank yo very much.

[@mongolchiuud8931]

Bayarhuu Boldnasan my favorite vietnamese tactic used against the Yuan dynasty was leading the Mongols Calvary through an artificial clearing in the Forrest, leading to a dam, which the Vietnamese broke and flooded 100,000 Yuan soldiers. Kublai banished his nephew for losing. Lol

[@arthas640]

@@mongolchiuud8931 The Mongols had a habit of winning despite any odds being stacked agaisnt them as long as they fought in the plains, light forests, and mild deserts but they lost big in other climates. A big reason is that their horses overheated in warmer climates reducing their endurance, their lack of heavy infantry/heavy cavalry meant that if they got hemmed in or disrupted they'd get pinned down and beaten, and the way they made their bows meant that humidity tended to weaken them making their bows less powerful and shorter ranged since the glue tended to loosen and the string could lose some tension. These are some of the reasons they never really made it further west than the Hungarian plains or further south than Kabul (until the time of Timurid at least, who used different tactics and technology).

[@Daimon-X]

Drokk! I'm late. Oh, how the mighty have fallen. Nothing last forever. Mongols where almost unstoppable. In the end, they defeat themselves.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Our viewers are never late.

[@Daimon-X]

Kings and Generals Semper Fidelis^^

[@Horus_the_Lupercal]

When you have beat the best, who is left to fight? Only yourself.

[@frinkls5347]

Well... you know how they say China han-ifies all of it's conquerors? Well the opposite is true too... For example, in China today even Genghis Khan is held as a national Chinese hero. Ignore the debate if that's accurate (you shouldn't!) I am sure old Genghis would be pleased with those that once called him barbarian, now proudly calling him uncle! xD Edit* Also ignore the immense death, destruction that the Mongol conquest of China entailed. Unmentioned in the series is the death count. It's huge... Like more than World War 2 huge.

[@tudorradutu2329]

But they didn't really beat the Japanese, did they? Once they were pushed back, and the other time nature interfeered for the Japanese, the Kamikaze(divine wind) destroying most of the Mongol fleet before they even made it ashore. Still, I think the Japanese were itching to fight the Mongols just as much as the Mongols were itching to fight the Japanese. Just wasn't meant to be.

[@GIMIJAH]

Nice as always 👍🏻

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks :-)

[@jargalmaamh915]

thank you so much for sharing the historical knowledge in such an entertaining way of showing my Mongolian history (y)

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@benitomussolini497]

The best ❤

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@dannyalex5866]

Devin is back!!! Isildur last king of highgarden!!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

He just needed to drop the damned ring.

[@paulcateiii]

this channel continues to impress

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks!

[@cihanyildiz9]

Another incredible video!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@keiththomas6147]

And good job on this series. Its was really interesting and i hope there will be a 2 season. Though could you do the Napolean series first?

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks! Yes, Napoleon will be first.

[@NguyenThanh-zf8tk]

Please do the series of Mongols invasion in Vietnam, Japan and Korea.

[@Kees247]

Great one! I love this part of history. Thx!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for watching :)

[@AaronM909]

Very good Video Great work @Kings and Generals

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you!

[@anihtgenga4096]

"I need someone to volunteer to be an envoy." (crickets).

[@KingsandGenerals]

Just send someone from the envoy university.

[@apavietii6677]

Very cool videos ! Cand you do Stephen III of Moldavia wars ( it is famous know as Stephen the Great - Stefan cel Mare) it will be very interesting to see

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you! Planning to!

[@apavietii6677]

Kings and Generals and I thank you ! You are doing a very good joob, and it is very good for knowing history and culture, bravo for the initiative ! :) hope you will do Stephen the great he was a true hero

[@raulstefan7795]

very good ideea !! Stephen was later awarded the title "Athleta Christi" (Champion of Christ) by Pope Sixtus IV, who referred to him as "verus christianae fidei athleta" ("the true defender of the Christian faith") At Battle of Vaslui it is considers the gratest victory against islam . Stefan have defeated Casimir IV Jagiellon , he defeated Matthias Corvinus at Baia , the tatars and for each victory he constructed a monastery example Putna monastery and the other 47 !

[@raulstefan7795]

very good ideea

[@Maderr4]

How is this channel so good?!!

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you :-) I guess, it is all about the work. :-)

[@nihatturkmen8031]

Guys I don't know how to thank you for making my Sunday better

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@TheXanian]

Despite the Song had been conquered in 1279, they still deserve to be commemorated by all Chinese because they had resisted the full might of the Mongols for nearly 40 years since 1235. They were the hardest opponent the Mongols ever faced, and even Mongke Khan was injured by a projectile launched from a Song catapult and died under the walls of Fishing Town. No one on the Eurasian continent was able to replicate that feat.

[@tengumedia]

TheXanian the hardest opponents were Japan and Egypt, Mongol lost against them, while China still got conquered

[@TheXanian]

Egypt only won against a small expeditionary Mongol force, while the majority of the Mongols had already retreated back to Mongolia to contend for the throne after the death of Mongke in China. And during the Mongol invasion of japan, most of the Mongol fleet was blown up by typhoon. Both instances cannot compare to the intensity, ferocity, and duration of the wars in China.

[@User-nu6km]

japan won because of weather, not themselves @@tengumedia

[@NYCYankLeeds]

​@@superspies32 The rain forest is a natural protection against northern horsemen. And you can't say its the hardest just because they went there 3 times. Song was literally right next to them for more than 40 years, and Xiangyang alone hold for 6 years, now thats tough.

[@user-ew1sb9nu4d]

No, the first successful landing of the yuan dynasty against Japan was defeated by the Japanese overlords in kyushu

[@OrgilB]

A Mongolian KZbinr here! Really enjoy your videos and how you educating people about Mongolian history. Most people simply assume Mongolia and China are one (same) thing, which is not true.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@Haidarwaleed66]

Orgil B Huge respect for Mongolia your history is just amazing !

[@heavenwatcher100]

Mongolia and China have some shared part of history. We are also Mongoloid in racial identity. However, by ethnic and cultural identities, we are not the same thing. Not to mention you are mostly nomads while we are sedentary and good at farming.

[@FK-se4hq]

No, most people assume Mongolia to be a desolate steppe of void between Russia and China.

[@heavenwatcher100]

Fakeslimshady It's Yuan Dynasty. The name "Yuan" come from the excerpts of Yijing(易经), which has a sentence called Da Zai Qian Yuan (大哉乾元,万物资始，乃统天). This sentence means the great flourishing air/element of Qianyuan is what governs every living being on earth and commands the mandate of heaven. Kublai Khan adopted this name to show the vastness of his empir, and justified his right to claim the land while holding the title of emperor of China.

[@komlen95]

Thank you on such informations on Kublai, that i didn't even know.

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thanks for watching!

[@worldofclassic7063]

Thanks for this information

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank for watching!