The Druids: What Do We Really Know?

The Druids. The mysterious Celtic religious specialists of ancient Ireland, Britain, and Northern Europe. But who were they really? What historical evidence corroborates their existence?
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Bibliography:
Andrew Fitzpatrick, “Druids: Towards an Archaeology,” Communities and Connections: Essays in Honor of Barry Cunliffe, 287
Anthony King and Graham Soffe, "Internal Organization and Deposition at the Iron Age Temple on Hayling Island (Hampshire), sites.google.com/site/tixxys/...
Barry Cunliffe, "Druids: A Very Short Introduction," Oxford University Press, 2010.
British Museum Celtic Spoons: www.britishmuseum.org/researc...
www.britishmuseum.org/researc...

[@amidly4767]

I really appreciate that you state there’s ‘little’ information and mostly ‘biased secondhand’ accounts before telling us what you’ve learned.

[@stephenrioux6821]

Ceaser gave the Druids 2 paragraphs. The same book also said that elk fall over if they don't have a tree to lean against. Unfortunately, Ceaser is all that we have got.

[@f0rm0r]

I've never even seen an elk that *was* leaning against a tree

[@PlainsPup]

Hmmm, I wonder if by “elk” he was referring to moose or red deer. Not that either one needs to lean on trees to keep from falling over.

[@jared_bowden]

​@@PlainsPup In Europe the word "Elk" refers to the animal that Americans refer to as a "Moose" - it's like the whole "reindeer / caribou" thing; English is surprisingly confusing when talking about large, wild ruminants.

[@Mohawks_and_Tomahawks]

@@jared_bowden Except that Elk and Moose are 2 entirely different animals. Reindeer and Caribou are the exact same animal with 2 different names.

[@Gas_Station_Tampons]

@@jared_bowden It's not just "Americans" , Canadians and numerous other countries, (including some European countries you seem to be unfamiliar with, Germany being my example provided) also call a Moose... a Moose. Because an Elk is a different animal altogether. LOL. Reindeer and Caribou are the same thing.

[@commieRob]

Really dig an expert with the courage to say, "it's unknown."

[@pbohearn]

Robert Slaughter thank You Yes!

[@anthonyfox585]

Robert Slaughter same, it gives me more faith in historians

[@fiedelmina]

if he never says "It's unknown", he's not a real expert.

[@Wankshaftsbury]

@@fiedelmina True, when someone speaks with certainty about history you know they are deluded.

[@grimble4564]

It sucks that this even requires courage and isn't just a basic assumption about the majority of information

[@c.rliddle1050]

Druids had extra magicka points and were able to learn summoning spells much earlier in the game.

[@pandalady5964]

Roll for your intelligence check.

[@marasi36]

“Galacia” is a Celtic name originating from the Celtic tribe known as the “Caellici” a name which seems no different from the Celtic goddess “cailli” and “Caillic” whose origin is “Kalika” the Vedic Mother goddess also known as Mother “Kali”. ~ “Galacia” is a province of Spain, it occupies 6% of the Spanish landmass and 6% of the Spanish population. Its ancient Celtic history goes back to at least 600 B.C, its people the “Galatians” take pride in their ancient Celtic heritage and their modern city of “Lugo” is named after the Celtic god “Lugh” who was the “master of skills”. ~ “Ptolemy” the Greek astrologer writes in his encyclopaedia “Natural History” that the Celtic tribe known as the “Callaeci” which gives us the name “Galacia” means “those who worship the Cailleach”. The “Cailleach” are the “Caillic” the Celtic goddess whose source is the Vedic goddess “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galatia” was also the name of an ancient region of Turkey covering the provinces of “Ankara” “Corum” and “Yozgat” its name coming from the Celts who settled there some 2300 years ago. Throughout Turkey the worship of the Mother goddess was once very prominent, it was the home of the female warriors known as the “Amazons” and we also find “Mount Ida” whose name means “the mountain of the Mother goddess”. ~ So just as within the country of Turkey we find the region of “Gallipoli” whose original name was “Kalipoli” as in “the city ( puri ) of Kali” we also have “Galatia” known by the Romans as “Gallia” and this seems to have its source in the Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” and “Caillic” from the Vedic “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galicia” was also the name of a major Kingdom found throughout Eastern Europe and which once held portions of Poland and modern day Ukraine and we also find it as a village in Northern Cyprus famous for its grape and wine festivals. ~ “Gaul” was an historic region of Western Europe which covered “France” “Luxembourg” “Belgium” “Switzerland” “Netherlands” “Germany” and parts of “Northern Italy”. It may also be related to “Galicia” and it may also give us the word “Gaelic” a language of the Celts, though the academics strongly deny this. ~ This Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” is the daughter of “Grian” the Celtic name for the god of the Sun. “Grian” comes from the Sanskrit root “ghr” meaning to “burn” to “shine” and “ghrna” meaning “heat” “warmth” “sunshine” and this becomes “ghrni” meaning the “Sun” which is the source of the Celtic “Grian” the father of “Cailli” the Celtic Mother goddess. ~ The Celts worshipped the “goddess” they appeared throughout Ireland as the “Teuatta De Danam” the “children of the goddess Danu” an ancient Vedic goddess of the waters. Throughout Ireland we also find the Celtic goddess “Bovind” the “white cow goddess” who manifests as the river “Boyne” and which is very much related to the Vedic “Govinda” the “lover of the cows”. Historian, novelist and foremost expert on Celtic culture “Peter Beresford Ellis” says the following. ~ ”The Goddess Boann, whose name means “white cow” gave her name to the river Boyne. She was mother to Aonghus Og, the love God and was called “Guou - uinda” or “cow finder”. Now this appears almost exactly the same as the Vedic name “Govinda” the epithet for Lord Krsna.” ~ “ Among the ancient Celts “Danu” was regarded as the "Mother Goddess." The Irish Gods and Goddesses were the Tuatha De Danaan ( Children of Danu ). “Danu” was the "divine waters" falling from heaven and nurturing “Bíle” the sacred oak from whose acorns their children sprang. Moreover, the waters of “Danu” went on to create the great Celtic sacred river “Danuvius” today called the “Danube”. Many European rivers bear the name of “Danu” the Rhône ( ro- Dhanu "Great Danu") and several rivers called “Don”. Rivers were sacred in the Celtic world and places where votive offerings were deposited and burials often conducted." ~ "The Druids of the ancient Celtic world have a startling kinship with the brahmins of the Hindu religion and were, indeed, a parallel development from their common Indo-European cultural root which began to branch out probably five thousand years ago. It has been only in recent decades that Celtic scholars have begun to reveal the full extent of the parallels and cognates between ancient Celtic society and Vedic culture. The very name Druid is composed of two Celtic word roots which have parallels in Sanskrit, indeed, the root vid for knowledge, which also emerges in the Sanskrit word Veda, demonstrates the similarity. The Celtic root dru which means "immersion" also appears in Sanskrit. So a Druid was one immersed in knowledge." Peter Beresford Ellis.

[@kellkenyon406]

The druids where exterminated like insects long before Christianity existed by the roman empire in their campaigns of Genocide against the Celts and their is very little remaining to form a good solid view on the druids and someone could assume something of Celtic religion and culture could of at least survived until the conversion of the Celts to Christianity by the roman empire who where obsessed with everybody embracing a universalist religion who also had a great desire to erase the past and force everybody to believe in this new god using any means necessary to achieve this goal including genocide and torture and once of such strategies was to torture a mans wife and children in front of him until he agreed to convert and some of such converters where even sainted and this included the brutal conversion of the British Anglo-Saxon and in many ways was not that different then the conversion of the middle-east by the Muslim.

[@c.rliddle1050]

@@kellkenyon406 I didn't ask but thank you man

[@MrSwitchblade327]

@@kellkenyon406 1000% correct

[@vicenterivera188]

Druids cooked the super strength potion for the gauls, according to Asterix books

[@oskarhenriksen]

Only for that one village, though, don't generalise!

[@typograf62]

And the druids live on, doping athletes?

[@ParadoxapocalypSatan]

No one knows who they were, or what they were doing, according to Spinal Tap.

[@universeofopulence]

@@spirit1082 ....what...who r dravidians...?

[@yahuchananl4543]

Without help of French druid, Asterix and Obelix, no pyramids would ever exist in Egypt ! Was Obelix who built the Obelisk, not the aliens!

[@jackpayne4658]

I highly recommend Ronald Hutton's 'Blood and Mistletoe'. The known facts about the original Druids could be covered in 50 pages or less. But the regular re-invention of the Druids since the 16th century is a fascinating story in its own right, with a wonderful cast of characters - mystics, rogues, Welsh nationalists, all-round eccentrics...

[@bradyryden1841]

This is the most underrated channel on KZbin. Definitely deserves more

[@savenetneutralityanti-repu7029]

I've seen channels that are more underrated.

[@savenetneutralityanti-repu7029]

His video about the Gospel of Judas has nearly a million views.

[@AbdullahMikalRodriguez]

He makes great vids but he never posts

[@ashmckinlay1402]

He's right Celtic culture counting the nights and not the days. In Welsh, the word for week is 'penwythnos' translates to something like "the head/start of the eight nights" since the count starts at midnight, there are 8 night weeks.

[@barnabyaprobert5159]

Nos da, Ash!

[@cbarnett2926]

You're very close, 'penwythnos' means 'weekend' (pen = end/head, wyth = eight, nos = night)... so, literally: "end of the eight nights". 'Wythnos' is 'week'... literally, "eight nights" :)

[@lcmiracle]

Cool. How does one pronounce it, I recall reading that w is a vowel in Welsh

[@princesseuphemia1007]

Hmmmm...Was the Beatle who wrote the song "8 Days a Week" from Wales?

[@eirwenroberts2412]

@@princesseuphemia1007 no

[@poliestotico]

The romans also said the carthaginians practiced human sacrifice and used that to legitimize cartago delenda est Paradoxicly romans DID sacrifice prisoners during triumphs. Maybe everyone sacrificed humans from time to time? I mean aztecs did

[@gamzee3610]

What's an ancient civilization without a few blood sacrifices to the old gods?

[@DneilB007]

If the priests are also the judges of a culture, what would the practical difference be between capital punishment and human sacrifice?

[@JohnZ117]

No sources, but I did hear in class about evidence for such sacrifices being found around the site that was Carthage, including the bones of children.

[@DneilB007]

@Wednesday's Child We have no idea how objective or non-objective the Celtic priesthood was, only that the clerics were also jurists. I don't know what it was/is like in the US, but in Canada, a death sentence was highly ritualized. The jury would be dismissed, the judge would call a short break (anywhere from a couple minutes to a week or more). The judge would put on a black cap (& sometimes black gloves, especially in Quebec), address the convicted person, and advise them to " so prepare yourself that when the gates of this life close behind you forever you will get a vision of that better life which lies beyond" (actual charge to Thomas Schooley by Justice Grey, 1874). Then the judge may, or may not, cross their fingers (yep) and say: "The sentence of this court is that you will be taken from here to the place from whence you came and there be kept in close confinement until [date of execution], and upon that day that you be taken to the place of execution and there hanged by the neck until you are dead. And may God have mercy upon your soul." Frequently the people in the courtroom, other than the convicted person assumedly, would then reply, "Amen" before the judge rose. That is a religious ritual, and the judge at that point is clearly acting as a priest.

[@pbohearn]

poliestotico And Spanish Catholic priests stuffed red hot pokers up the arses of “heretics” (Jews, Muslims) as a “consequence” to those who wouldn’t convert to the “true” faith, yet referred to Mayans, the creators of a culture equal to any of the time, with sophisticated knowledge of astrology etc. as Barbaric savages. True? Or were The Inquisitors twisted sadists tho righteous in their own minds? .

[@chandlerlee3946]

Another great video! Any chance we can get some stuff on Pre-Islamic middle East religion? No matter what though I'll be glad!

[@guilo44]

That would be so good! I'm always fascinate by the pre-monotheistic religions of the Mediterranean and Middle-East. Reminds me of the line from Ben Hur, "One wife? One God, that I can understand - but one wife!"

[@user-ed1mj5zk6f]

Chandler Lee just something that I am familiar, if you want to go to about 3000 BCE look for Sumarians, a pre Semitic civilization predating the city of Ur in Mesopotamia, pre dating Sumerians, about the time of the old kingdom in Egypt. Probably the only older vestige of some sort of nomadic tribe religion is in Turkey in Göbekli Tepe but pre writing but with incredible carvings, it is 12,000 years old. It is in Anatolia, just with a simple search you can find the coordinates to see the archeological site in google earth plus (it is free).

[@user-ed1mj5zk6f]

Should read predating Phoenicians. Zoroastrism is older than semites and is still practiced today but Sumerians are way older and Göbekli Tepe is the oldest found so far.

[@flymilo904]

I'll be glad too

[@andyoli75]

Or the Druze?

[@catotheyounger55]

My theory is they are a similar institution to the Indian Brahmin - a specific class of shaman-priests. This fits well with the Indo-European tripartite social model of warrior/priest/farmer. Initiates were trained in divination, haruspicy, and astrology with which they oversaw rituals. Celtic chieftains, like Greek kings, would consult the shamans who would use their claims of divination. Skulls could be a form of death mask with the deceased still being influential beyond the grave. The skulls could be from dead ancestors, influential clan members, or from defeated enemies. The Celts were very decentralized, with no central high king or high priest. The Indians were the same way and this allowed the Brahmin to exert some considerable influence over Indian kings and history. This leads me to believe the Celts were at least somewhat similar in their social makeup. In that Celts, like Indo-Aryans, had a decentralized religious institution that exerted much control in their localities.

[@tristanholderness4223]

Decentralised religion is the norm across the world and different periods so no particular importance can be ascribed to that. The tripartite model has also received heavy criticism largely because it is pretty much only possible to test by reading/asking how the people viewed their own society, something which is in most cases impossible, and in the absence of first-hand statements, moreorless any society can be argued to be tripartite As with most comparative mythology, it's very hard to impossible to actually distinguish genuine retentions from coincidence

[@catotheyounger55]

tristan roberts I see your point with the shaky basis of the tripartite structure. However, the emphasis was on decentralized civilization. There was no high king or high priest whose word was law similar to a Roman or Chinese emperor. The tribes of Celts were autonomous familial polities that conducted war and diplomacy amongst themselves and outsiders independently while also having a semi-autonomous religious system that could influence the secular powers independently but was also without a centralized authority figure. This was the case in India. This was not the case in China or Rome or Greece or even Germanic tribal lands to any great extent. Religion in these civilizations was closely related with secular government. But, as a layman, I am very open to criticism so long as that criticism is positive (points towards another theory) as opposed to plain deconstructionism. I am curious to see what your theory is regarding the role of Druids in Celtic society

[@tristanholderness4223]

Decentralisation of religion has been the norm throughout most of history prior to the colonial era (and the subsequent spread of christianity which was majorly influenced by the roman empire). Like, what religions are there that aren't decentralised? Christianity, since its marriage to the Roman Empire(s) and adoption of much of its structure Islam, during the Caliphates, or certain relatively small sects. Otherwise, you have a decentralised collection of scholars and clergy without a clear foremost leader That's pretty much it Classical polytheism had different high priests of each god and the authority of the high priest over regional priests was pretty limited even if they were nominally worshipping the same god and the pontifex maximus isn't really the head of a singular religion so much as a specific priest responsible for some rituals deemed especially important for the good of the state Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian religions had groups of high priests, similar to classical polytheism, although often with the pharaoh/king responsible for certain rituals for the good of the state In China, high priests weren't really a thing, you have various monastic orders, and various groups of clergy. Again, the emperor was responsible for certain rituals to maintain the mandate of heaven, but was not in any way the head of the religion (particularly as China pretty much always practised a syncretic mix of a bunch of different things, none of which have specific non-local hierarchies) Then you have the various indigenous religions practised prior to the arrival of e.g. christianity, islam, buddhism almost none of which can be shown to have heads of religion or centralisation. The most you have is a local hierarchy of priests within a city or region, and maybe some particular rituals for the good of the state associated with an individual position (whether that be the head of state or the high priest in the capital city) The norm is decentralised, local religion. Centralised religion cannot really arise without large states (Christianity only centralised once it got tied to the Roman Empire, and Islam grew hand-in-hand with the caliphate that allowed it to stay centralised rather than simply splinter into small local groups). The Celts never developed a centralised religion because they never developed a centralised state, likewise the pagan Germanic peoples, the pagan Slavs, the many pagan steppe peoples, or Hindu India (which, whilst home to many large empires, none ever stuck around long enough for it to centralise) Hinduism's also interesting here, because it wasn't even really viewed by its practitioners as a single religion prior to the late Mughal and British eras, but rather as a massive variety of local sects

[@RSidd]

@@catotheyounger55 I am an Indian Brahmin and this video did remind me a lot about the traditions and customs of my people(except the human sacrifice part) that have been passed on by our ancestors. There are many rituals widely practiced all around India today which have to do with honoring the ancient gods, rites of passage in a person's life, offerings to nature and mother Earth, etc. I've witnessed and also been required to take part in many such activities in my life growing up as a Brahmin in India and have always wondered if I share the same roots with Celtic and Norse druidic culture that might have dispersed to different parts of the world with the passage of time.

[@ameyajoshi8849]

@Rishav Siddhanta, Druids are nothing but Druhyus, the Rigvedic tribe. Do read on them if you find something.

[@alfredmartin2891]

A decade ago, when I visited Stonehenge, I met and had an interesting discussion with several 'neo-Druids' who were peacefully protesting their not being allowed to use the site for religious ceremonies.

[@TheRachaelLefler]

I'm excited for this video because I've heard it from a lot of Wiccan books but it's hard to find neutral sources about this topic. People who were neither "they were barbaric and their rituals were gruesome so the invasion of Christianity was a clear good" nor "they were enlightened and wise Noble Savages whose methods of meditation can be used to have like, a really cool out of body experience, maaan".

[@SamMejah]

I like your thinking

[@anomalousviewer3164]

you mean the invasion by the Romans.

[@trevorwilson6683]

Caesar was not a Christian. His writings should probably be taken pretty seriously.

[@odonnabhainiverssen5006]

Trevor Wilson He had an agenda too.

[@ViniSocramSaint]

Why don't you just gather every "fact" you learn, record where and how you learned them and from these try to piece together actual information yourself, being the most neutral as possible? Eventually data from different places transform into informations that converge into only one "truth", even if they come from non neutral or even partidary sources That is what I am doing to try to understand the internet, focussing on the general hatred for feminism.

[@jackwittenbrink1354]

More videos on ancient and modern nonAbrahamic religions would be great, especially types of polytheism and animism, and how they changed, persisted, or disappeared during and after periods of colonization. These videos are great, by the way. Well done.

[@jonisilk]

I'm pretty sure the idea behind decapitation was so that the soul of their enemy could not return, as it had to leave their body through the mouth. If there was no head, there was no mouth for the soul to depart through and later be reborn.

[@isaacmathews4693]

Thank you for this video! There needs to be SOOOoooooo much more research on the "pre-Christian" European religions. I LOVED this. 5 stars. Two thumbs up! A great start.

[@zoejane9645]

Read john lamb lash

[@TonyM540]

Research is difficult without a reliable source of information. Without accurate information you are left with speculation.

[@cliveadams7629]

Stonehenge has no historical link to Druids and appears to predate them by quite some time. The current crop of born again Druids make an interesting spectacle at Solstice celebrations and compete quite intensly for acolytes.

[@rezkalla]

Nobody else is going to say it? Okay, fine. The Druids. Nobody knew who they were, or what they were doing, but their legacy lives on...

[@jamieyoung9392]

Stone 'enge

[@KorKhan89]

@@jamieyoung9392 where the demons dwell, where the banshees lived and they do live well

[@MisterJang0]

Their legacy lives on just because their name sounds cool.

[@karlhouseknecht]

"Can I raise a practical question at this point?"

[@eewweeppkk]

@@jamieyoung9392 Stone henge isn't linked to druids whatsoever as far as we know. Just a big guess. The only link we have is...that its there and Druid's were there. Of course it was also constructed 3000 years prior to the druid's we know of being there, so thats a very shaky assertion. The person who brought it forward was an archaeologist and a druidphile. The biggest proponents of that since are neo druids. So to further prove OPs point, nobody knew who they were, or what they were doing. But I'll bring it a step further and say their "their" legacy probably does not live on. The best information we have is a biased 2 paragraph section from a foreign conqueror. That's also shaky at best, and its difficult to say that their 'legacy' lives on when we have no idea what their beliefs or ideas actually were. No offense intended to neo-druids, but the only thing that definitely links neo druids to old druids is the name "druid".

[@treyward4505]

Hey there! Great video! I’m a member of a neodruid order and just wanted to say I enjoyed the video and found it accurate. The modern druid or neodruid movement is inspired by these ancient accounts and any information we can get from archeology. I am not going to contradict anything you said in the video, because I found it all accurate and did enjoy watching. I did feel that I should give a little additional information on neodruids. Today, you have two major branches of spiritual neodruids: the revivalists and the celtic reconstructionists. The revivalists are mainly the modern inheritors of the individuals from the 1700s that began the druid revival. This is group I am a part of and I will say that we do take what was developed in that period and work with it and develop it further for modern spiritual seekers. The celtic reconstructionists are more focused on staying as historically accurate to the ancient sources as possible, limited as those sources may be. I will say for me that neither group is right or wrong. It is a matter or what works for the individual. There is a bit of a debate about accuracy versus validity. They don’t need to be taken for the same thing. Just because a thing is old doesn’t mean it is viable as a spiritual path. The neodruid movement may not actually be able to claim direct inheritance from the ancient druids, but it is still over 200 years old and has many followers who gain a great deal of inspiration and spiritual benefit from its practice. I think the only thing I would caution against would be anyone claiming that they have a practice that they can directly link back to the ancient druids. I don’t believe any serious druid revivalist or celtic reconstructionist would make this claim, but for many, the idea that something old, ancient, and unbroken makes a thing better proves too much and so claims are made that have no basis in fact. Your points in this video definitely make that clear. Thank you again for this great video! I really enjoy your channel and look forward to more excellent content.

[@bluesdealer]

Almost every Internet neopagan I’ve interacted with claims they are somehow part of the pre-Christian European/Anglo tradition. I’m glad you’re more realistic about what it is, but most of these people are unbelievably cringe.

[@allegrabailey6829]

I'm a (kind of beginner) celtic reconstructionist! All of this makes me really want to invent a time machine.

[@treyward4505]

@@allegrabailey6829I know the feeling! Any of the little glimpses we get of the ancient druids are so evocative, it’s no wonder us modern folks are still so taken with them.

[@ilovecamels4889]

I am not member of any "order" or neodruid organizations, but I am a Druid. Proof none. Except that my fathers line comes from a Druid hotspot and I was also told by psychics and different people in the know (independent of each other) that I have this ancestry and also "gifts" (green witch). Just trying to find out more as I think there must be a connection with what I am here to do in this life time. But I know. And lots of synchronicities, my name, my birthday, our lands and our forest etc.

[@the22ndday]

So many things I have heard of but knew so little about. Love your channel!

[@albusai]

Romans threw people at the lions , and had gladiators ,why would it bother them human sacrifices? 🤷🏻‍♂️

[@trevorwilson6683]

Those were “games”, which to Romans, is different.

[@GraemeMarkNI]

Because it’s different when THEEEEY do it 🙄

[@pixadavid]

For whatever reason, it did. The Romans also freaked out about the Carthaginians allegedly sacrificing children

[@____gone763]

Jesus Christ it’s common in modern cultures as well 👁

[@anotherperson2627]

@@____gone763 elaborate?

[@Jack-je1zt]

I loved this! As casual dabbler in OBOD Druidry, I am now curious on your take of the modern invention of British neo-paganism. Perhaps even a Ronald Hutton interview?

[@idliketobeagummybear]

when no one else got me i know ronald hutton got me

[@johnkilmartin5101]

The first time Rome was captured by barbarians they were 'celts'. So there was more than a little fear of them. The idea that the megalithic structures pre-date the arrival of Indo-Europeans is kind of counter intuitive not unlike the reaction to finding the edifices of the Mound Builders in North America.

[@CommanderM117]

and both the sword and shield Rome uses were used by the Celt before Rome adopted

[@mayoite160]

@Disc Golf Julius Caesar's soldiers were mostly Italian Gauls. & he had lots of Gaulish tribes on his side since they didn't regard themselves as a unified "Gaulish people" like the Romans did

[@UrsulaDaSeaWishh]

Your very-well-loved-looking copy of Wheelock’s Latin caught my eye! Same book I used when I was a classics major.

[@DreadBirate]

They may have practiced human sacrifice but I doubt that they did it as often many Romans claim

[@dylanblack3279]

Most of the sacrifices were due to war or capital punishment also

[@lunawolfheart336]

Yeah plus the Romans were also responsible for some pretty messed up stuff

[@marasi36]

“Galacia” is a Celtic name originating from the Celtic tribe known as the “Caellici” a name which seems no different from the Celtic goddess “cailli” and “Caillic” whose origin is “Kalika” the Vedic Mother goddess also known as Mother “Kali”. ~ “Galacia” is a province of Spain, it occupies 6% of the Spanish landmass and 6% of the Spanish population. Its ancient Celtic history goes back to at least 600 B.C, its people the “Galatians” take pride in their ancient Celtic heritage and their modern city of “Lugo” is named after the Celtic god “Lugh” who was the “master of skills”. ~ “Ptolemy” the Greek astrologer writes in his encyclopaedia “Natural History” that the Celtic tribe known as the “Callaeci” which gives us the name “Galacia” means “those who worship the Cailleach”. The “Cailleach” are the “Caillic” the Celtic goddess whose source is the Vedic goddess “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galatia” was also the name of an ancient region of Turkey covering the provinces of “Ankara” “Corum” and “Yozgat” its name coming from the Celts who settled there some 2300 years ago. Throughout Turkey the worship of the Mother goddess was once very prominent, it was the home of the female warriors known as the “Amazons” and we also find “Mount Ida” whose name means “the mountain of the Mother goddess”. ~ So just as within the country of Turkey we find the region of “Gallipoli” whose original name was “Kalipoli” as in “the city ( puri ) of Kali” we also have “Galatia” known by the Romans as “Gallia” and this seems to have its source in the Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” and “Caillic” from the Vedic “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galicia” was also the name of a major Kingdom found throughout Eastern Europe and which once held portions of Poland and modern day Ukraine and we also find it as a village in Northern Cyprus famous for its grape and wine festivals. ~ “Gaul” was an historic region of Western Europe which covered “France” “Luxembourg” “Belgium” “Switzerland” “Netherlands” “Germany” and parts of “Northern Italy”. It may also be related to “Galicia” and it may also give us the word “Gaelic” a language of the Celts, though the academics strongly deny this. ~ This Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” is the daughter of “Grian” the Celtic name for the god of the Sun. “Grian” comes from the Sanskrit root “ghr” meaning to “burn” to “shine” and “ghrna” meaning “heat” “warmth” “sunshine” and this becomes “ghrni” meaning the “Sun” which is the source of the Celtic “Grian” the father of “Cailli” the Celtic Mother goddess. ~ The Celts worshipped the “goddess” they appeared throughout Ireland as the “Teuatta De Danam” the “children of the goddess Danu” an ancient Vedic goddess of the waters. Throughout Ireland we also find the Celtic goddess “Bovind” the “white cow goddess” who manifests as the river “Boyne” and which is very much related to the Vedic “Govinda” the “lover of the cows”. Historian, novelist and foremost expert on Celtic culture “Peter Beresford Ellis” says the following. ~ ”The Goddess Boann, whose name means “white cow” gave her name to the river Boyne. She was mother to Aonghus Og, the love God and was called “Guou - uinda” or “cow finder”. Now this appears almost exactly the same as the Vedic name “Govinda” the epithet for Lord Krsna.” ~ “ Among the ancient Celts “Danu” was regarded as the "Mother Goddess." The Irish Gods and Goddesses were the Tuatha De Danaan ( Children of Danu ). “Danu” was the "divine waters" falling from heaven and nurturing “Bíle” the sacred oak from whose acorns their children sprang. Moreover, the waters of “Danu” went on to create the great Celtic sacred river “Danuvius” today called the “Danube”. Many European rivers bear the name of “Danu” the Rhône ( ro- Dhanu "Great Danu") and several rivers called “Don”. Rivers were sacred in the Celtic world and places where votive offerings were deposited and burials often conducted." ~ "The Druids of the ancient Celtic world have a startling kinship with the brahmins of the Hindu religion and were, indeed, a parallel development from their common Indo-European cultural root which began to branch out probably five thousand years ago. It has been only in recent decades that Celtic scholars have begun to reveal the full extent of the parallels and cognates between ancient Celtic society and Vedic culture. The very name Druid is composed of two Celtic word roots which have parallels in Sanskrit, indeed, the root vid for knowledge, which also emerges in the Sanskrit word Veda, demonstrates the similarity. The Celtic root dru which means "immersion" also appears in Sanskrit. So a Druid was one immersed in knowledge." Peter Beresford Ellis.

[@marasi36]

“Galacia” is a Celtic name originating from the Celtic tribe known as the “Caellici” a name which seems no different from the Celtic goddess “cailli” and “Caillic” whose origin is “Kalika” the Vedic Mother goddess also known as Mother “Kali”. ~ “Galacia” is a province of Spain, it occupies 6% of the Spanish landmass and 6% of the Spanish population. Its ancient Celtic history goes back to at least 600 B.C, its people the “Galatians” take pride in their ancient Celtic heritage and their modern city of “Lugo” is named after the Celtic god “Lugh” who was the “master of skills”. ~ “Ptolemy” the Greek astrologer writes in his encyclopaedia “Natural History” that the Celtic tribe known as the “Callaeci” which gives us the name “Galacia” means “those who worship the Cailleach”. The “Cailleach” are the “Caillic” the Celtic goddess whose source is the Vedic goddess “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galatia” was also the name of an ancient region of Turkey covering the provinces of “Ankara” “Corum” and “Yozgat” its name coming from the Celts who settled there some 2300 years ago. Throughout Turkey the worship of the Mother goddess was once very prominent, it was the home of the female warriors known as the “Amazons” and we also find “Mount Ida” whose name means “the mountain of the Mother goddess”. ~ So just as within the country of Turkey we find the region of “Gallipoli” whose original name was “Kalipoli” as in “the city ( puri ) of Kali” we also have “Galatia” known by the Romans as “Gallia” and this seems to have its source in the Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” and “Caillic” from the Vedic “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galicia” was also the name of a major Kingdom found throughout Eastern Europe and which once held portions of Poland and modern day Ukraine and we also find it as a village in Northern Cyprus famous for its grape and wine festivals. ~ “Gaul” was an historic region of Western Europe which covered “France” “Luxembourg” “Belgium” “Switzerland” “Netherlands” “Germany” and parts of “Northern Italy”. It may also be related to “Galicia” and it may also give us the word “Gaelic” a language of the Celts, though the academics strongly deny this. ~ This Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” is the daughter of “Grian” the Celtic name for the god of the Sun. “Grian” comes from the Sanskrit root “ghr” meaning to “burn” to “shine” and “ghrna” meaning “heat” “warmth” “sunshine” and this becomes “ghrni” meaning the “Sun” which is the source of the Celtic “Grian” the father of “Cailli” the Celtic Mother goddess. ~ The Celts worshipped the “goddess” they appeared throughout Ireland as the “Teuatta De Danam” the “children of the goddess Danu” an ancient Vedic goddess of the waters. Throughout Ireland we also find the Celtic goddess “Bovind” the “white cow goddess” who manifests as the river “Boyne” and which is very much related to the Vedic “Govinda” the “lover of the cows”. Historian, novelist and foremost expert on Celtic culture “Peter Beresford Ellis” says the following. ~ ”The Goddess Boann, whose name means “white cow” gave her name to the river Boyne. She was mother to Aonghus Og, the love God and was called “Guou - uinda” or “cow finder”. Now this appears almost exactly the same as the Vedic name “Govinda” the epithet for Lord Krsna.” ~ “ Among the ancient Celts “Danu” was regarded as the "Mother Goddess." The Irish Gods and Goddesses were the Tuatha De Danaan ( Children of Danu ). “Danu” was the "divine waters" falling from heaven and nurturing “Bíle” the sacred oak from whose acorns their children sprang. Moreover, the waters of “Danu” went on to create the great Celtic sacred river “Danuvius” today called the “Danube”. Many European rivers bear the name of “Danu” the Rhône ( ro- Dhanu "Great Danu") and several rivers called “Don”. Rivers were sacred in the Celtic world and places where votive offerings were deposited and burials often conducted." ~ "The Druids of the ancient Celtic world have a startling kinship with the brahmins of the Hindu religion and were, indeed, a parallel development from their common Indo-European cultural root which began to branch out probably five thousand years ago. It has been only in recent decades that Celtic scholars have begun to reveal the full extent of the parallels and cognates between ancient Celtic society and Vedic culture. The very name Druid is composed of two Celtic word roots which have parallels in Sanskrit, indeed, the root vid for knowledge, which also emerges in the Sanskrit word Veda, demonstrates the similarity. The Celtic root dru which means "immersion" also appears in Sanskrit. So a Druid was one immersed in knowledge." Peter Beresford Ellis.

[@thor4164]

@@dylanblack3279 indeed

[@michaelkrull3331]

For most of my life I have been interested in Norse mythology and pre-Christian Teutonic religion. I'd be very interested in hearing your take on these subjects.

[@nicolase5245]

I’ve got a lot of value out of this channel, thanks for the videos!

[@JoiskiMe]

Thanks for the level headed presentation. I enjoyed it very much :)

[@kumstuke]

Your channel is so underrated. Hope you'll reach 100k soon!!!

[@MadTwatter7]

YAY!!! THE DRUIDS!!! So cool your covering them!

[@pablolloyd1450]

this channel is awesome. i haven't found a boring video yet. keep up the great work!

[@giacomocasartelli5503]

Really good videos, I appreciate the effort and the knowledge you put in these, even thought maybe the thing I enjoy the most is your diction, I find it very precise

[@p.bamygdala2139]

Thanks for the video! This raises a broader question in my mind: - how rapidly do religions change and evolve in modern times compared to ancient days?

[@GoodNewsEveryone2999]

The "spoons" look like surveying or astronomical tools. Maybe a timepiece or a navigational tool. But who knows.

[@marasi36]

“Galacia” is a Celtic name originating from the Celtic tribe known as the “Caellici” a name which seems no different from the Celtic goddess “cailli” and “Caillic” whose origin is “Kalika” the Vedic Mother goddess also known as Mother “Kali”. ~ “Galacia” is a province of Spain, it occupies 6% of the Spanish landmass and 6% of the Spanish population. Its ancient Celtic history goes back to at least 600 B.C, its people the “Galatians” take pride in their ancient Celtic heritage and their modern city of “Lugo” is named after the Celtic god “Lugh” who was the “master of skills”. ~ “Ptolemy” the Greek astrologer writes in his encyclopaedia “Natural History” that the Celtic tribe known as the “Callaeci” which gives us the name “Galacia” means “those who worship the Cailleach”. The “Cailleach” are the “Caillic” the Celtic goddess whose source is the Vedic goddess “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galatia” was also the name of an ancient region of Turkey covering the provinces of “Ankara” “Corum” and “Yozgat” its name coming from the Celts who settled there some 2300 years ago. Throughout Turkey the worship of the Mother goddess was once very prominent, it was the home of the female warriors known as the “Amazons” and we also find “Mount Ida” whose name means “the mountain of the Mother goddess”. ~ So just as within the country of Turkey we find the region of “Gallipoli” whose original name was “Kalipoli” as in “the city ( puri ) of Kali” we also have “Galatia” known by the Romans as “Gallia” and this seems to have its source in the Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” and “Caillic” from the Vedic “Kalika” and “Kali”. ~ “Galicia” was also the name of a major Kingdom found throughout Eastern Europe and which once held portions of Poland and modern day Ukraine and we also find it as a village in Northern Cyprus famous for its grape and wine festivals. ~ “Gaul” was an historic region of Western Europe which covered “France” “Luxembourg” “Belgium” “Switzerland” “Netherlands” “Germany” and parts of “Northern Italy”. It may also be related to “Galicia” and it may also give us the word “Gaelic” a language of the Celts, though the academics strongly deny this. ~ This Celtic Mother goddess “Cailli” is the daughter of “Grian” the Celtic name for the god of the Sun. “Grian” comes from the Sanskrit root “ghr” meaning to “burn” to “shine” and “ghrna” meaning “heat” “warmth” “sunshine” and this becomes “ghrni” meaning the “Sun” which is the source of the Celtic “Grian” the father of “Cailli” the Celtic Mother goddess. ~ The Celts worshipped the “goddess” they appeared throughout Ireland as the “Teuatta De Danam” the “children of the goddess Danu” an ancient Vedic goddess of the waters. Throughout Ireland we also find the Celtic goddess “Bovind” the “white cow goddess” who manifests as the river “Boyne” and which is very much related to the Vedic “Govinda” the “lover of the cows”. Historian, novelist and foremost expert on Celtic culture “Peter Beresford Ellis” says the following. ~ ”The Goddess Boann, whose name means “white cow” gave her name to the river Boyne. She was mother to Aonghus Og, the love God and was called “Guou - uinda” or “cow finder”. Now this appears almost exactly the same as the Vedic name “Govinda” the epithet for Lord Krsna.” ~ “ Among the ancient Celts “Danu” was regarded as the "Mother Goddess." The Irish Gods and Goddesses were the Tuatha De Danaan ( Children of Danu ). “Danu” was the "divine waters" falling from heaven and nurturing “Bíle” the sacred oak from whose acorns their children sprang. Moreover, the waters of “Danu” went on to create the great Celtic sacred river “Danuvius” today called the “Danube”. Many European rivers bear the name of “Danu” the Rhône ( ro- Dhanu "Great Danu") and several rivers called “Don”. Rivers were sacred in the Celtic world and places where votive offerings were deposited and burials often conducted." ~ "The Druids of the ancient Celtic world have a startling kinship with the brahmins of the Hindu religion and were, indeed, a parallel development from their common Indo-European cultural root which began to branch out probably five thousand years ago. It has been only in recent decades that Celtic scholars have begun to reveal the full extent of the parallels and cognates between ancient Celtic society and Vedic culture. The very name Druid is composed of two Celtic word roots which have parallels in Sanskrit, indeed, the root vid for knowledge, which also emerges in the Sanskrit word Veda, demonstrates the similarity. The Celtic root dru which means "immersion" also appears in Sanskrit. So a Druid was one immersed in knowledge." Peter Beresford Ellis.

[@mackaylalane7831]

You got me. I'm hooked! Love this channel!

[@Cobra6x6]

You keep delivering great content. I'm glad I subbed.

[@drmuzacluva1311]

Would you ever do a video about Modern Odinism and Ásatru? Love your videos!

[@RazorbackPT]

No one knows who they were, or, what they were doing. But their legacy remains.

[@mojavewolf]

I think half of everyone looking at this video looked for this comment.

[@mechanicleyse]

Yay! New content! Been craving my fix

[@betterday2570]

Always love your videos one of my favourite channels.

[@ferallumberjack4310]

Honestly I have always wanted to be a Celtic historian and have wanted to dig deeper and try discovering some of the secrets that cloud our understanding of the Celtic culture . Any new Celtic based videos you make I'm willing to watch!

[@bones5768]

Can you do a video on Tengri?

[@wanderingsoulenterprises5564]

Love your channel and your scholarship. Thank you. 🙏🏻

[@vegamonge123]

Good work man, much appreciated

[@michaelflattery2298]

Great video! A small note I'd offer as an Irish person - not pertaining to the substance of the video - is that it's generally a good idea to specify "the British Isles and Ireland" rather than "the British Isles". I know a lot of people still use the latter when speaking in a strictly geographical sense but it tends not to go over well with Irish people. Apart from all the political stuff (historically and to the current day) Britain got it's name from the Latin name for the Celtic tribe inhabiting the majority of Great Britain, while Ireland and much of Scotland were inhabited by the Gaels. We're working on a new common term! But we've been working on one for over a century, so I wouldn't hold you're breath. *sigh* There's a lot of interesting superstitious and spiritual folk practices that you can still find cropping up in Ireland today. For example, behind my aunt's home there's an ancient dolmen which she refuses to go anywhere near on account of the sí (fairies) that live within. It's hard to say how much continuation from ancient practices there's been, but the modern derivative of the term for druid "draoi" translates as magician, augur or Trickster (with a capital T).

[@tristanholderness4223]

Scotland was not inhabited by Gaels until after the Roman withdrawal from Britain. When the Romans arrived they were calling its inhabitants Caledonii and they seem to not be particularly distinct from the Brythonic speakers to their South; when the Romans left, they're calling the inhabitants Picti and they do seem to be distinct both from the Britons and the Gaels (although based on personal name evidence, consensus among linguists is that they were a Celtic group mostly closely related to the Britons). It was only by the 6th century or so that the Gaels became a major force in Scotland

[@michaelflattery2298]

I did brush over the Caledonii and Picti, and I meant no offense by it. I just meant that the term "Britons" typically is used to refer to the Celtic peoples of what is now England and Wales - though of course there's common heritage with Brittany and the Caledonians. The Pictish culture, so far as I'm aware at least, hasn't survived into the modern day as the other Insular Celtic cultures have - which was why I didn't mention them.

[@davidbarrett590]

I doubt whether many historians of antiquity would agree with you, Britain - that is the island of Great Britain - was inhabited by many tribes - NOT one but many - who were part of the Brythonian Celtic Sub Culture from where the name of Britain comes from as you correctly say. It is also correct to say that Ireland was inhabited by Gaelic people - another Celtic Sub Culture. However, to the best of our current knowledge, the Gaels were not in Scotland in antiquity and the people that lived in Scotland at that time such as the Picts, were Brythonian Celts. Modern DNA research tends to confirm this. Gaelic people arrived in Scotland in the very early medieval period - say 400 AD onwards. They were the Scots who came from what is now Northern Ireland and settled in the West of Scotland. The Gaels and the Brythonians spoke a different albeit related language - essentially the same as the distinction between Welsh, Breton or Cornish today with Irish or Scots Gaelic today. Whether their culture was particularly different is another matter. We tend to forget that at the time Caesar was campaigning most of Northern Europe was Celtic - this includes that Gauls in what is now France. We believe that the Celtic Culture emanated from what is now Switzerland or Austria - the culture is often called La Tene or Hallstatt - after site in Switzerland and Austria that are believed to be very early Celtic. This Culture was already very old at this time. However, we have to remember that it was a culture - not a particular set of peoples. The difference between cultures and peoples/races is important and comes into current politics. On the basis of current knowledge (and this includes DNA research) there is absolutely no reason to believe that the English, Welsh, Scots and Irish are any different in origin or current profile than each other. Yes the English had Anglo Saxon influence as well as Viking but the Vikings went to Ireland and North West Scotland whilst the Anglo Saxons went to Eastern Scotland. Also relatively speaking neither the immigrants from the Anglo-Saxon area or the Vikings were that many and they followed very similar culture.

[@OrganicAlkemyst]

Whenever I think of history, I think about the fact that it always seems to have been written in the writer's perspective. Your comments about ritualistic human sacrifice and the belief that druids were sorcerers makes me wonder about our history to future civilizations. Do you think we can provide an accurate and unbiased record of this civilization for the future? There are examples of what historical events that have happened recently that have been rewritten by the people in power (for example, Tiananmen Square).

[@pbohearn]

Chris Schwartz we can try to leave the most accurate account (from our point of view, so ultimately what is objective truth? especially when we’re talking about political and cultural things), but unfortunately, Whatever conquering society replaces us will want to write their ideal story and to the extent that our account is an inconvenient truth, it will be destroyed. And future people will be needing to put together puzzle pieces all over again.

[@alicev5496]

There has never and will never be a completely objective, unbiased record. Conquering or power doesn't even necessarily come into play. Any time you write record something you choose what you write, and that is inherently subjective.

[@suemichaelsen8486]

I appreciate and respect the honesty in this report.

[@aumjayakishatriya2982]

I like your honesty about it being imperfect and hard to tell truth with biased material.

[@theocelot6772]

I love that he doesn't disclose his own religious believes and just speaks objectively.

[@emptyhand777]

He might not have any religious beliefs.

[@AT-se5bn]

Pretty sure he is Jewish, I fell like he mentioned it a while back.

[@jeythecount6546]

They healers. Also, it's kind of hilarious how Cesar writting books to boost his own ego gives us historic evidence today. Nice.

[@royriley6282]

So basically your no-source trumps his three historical sources interpreted through a historically-educated, nonbiased lens.

[@pbohearn]

It’s what we got, ya know?

[@thedruiddiaries6378]

The irony... point.

[@trevorwilson6683]

SonofSethoitae evidence that Rome conducted human sacrifice?

[@forickgrimaldus8301]

Well he is the only contemporary source we have sooooo.

[@GraceWillow]

Not sure how I stumbled upon this-but it’s fascinating! Excellent video!

[@edu3151]

I just find ur channel and I wanna say thnks for stduy this and share with people. its amazing

[@hafizajiaziz8773]

I'd love to hear about Proto Indo Iranian Religion

[@DrDahz]

@lavender fields wwhou?

[@nerthus4685]

Also, Iamblichus, in his "Life of Pythagoras" claims the great pre-Socratic sage was himself a student of a proto-Druid mystic named Abaris who had come from hyperboria, most likely the British Isles. Abaris had taught Pythagoras the doctrine of reincarnation. The historian Alexander Polyhistor repeats the same claim. Aristotle also mentions that Greek philosophy originated in Gaul. Diogenes Laertius says the same, adding that only the Druids truly understood the gods as they are. Unlike the later conquering Romans, the Greeks seemed to have admired them. I believe the nearest surviving tradition to the Druids is Greek polytheism, astrology, philosophy, and science. To understand the Gaulish and German warrior class who confronted the Roman legions, look no further than the Iliad.

[@raphinhakiki7434]

Oh my brain always relax watching this Chanel,Amazing.

[@sprgeorge333]

Awesome video! Really liked this!

[@poliestotico]

What about the auto sacrifice they performed to dissuade the romans when they were disembarking on a sacred island? Im really curious

[@BigKevSexyMan]

You should do a video about the claims of human sacrifice surrounding the canaanites.

[@IHeartZui]

If you consider the Bible a credible source.....Judges 10:6-18; 11:1-40

[@pbohearn]

Amen, Big Kev you swagger your sh..

[@pbohearn]

John Creighton Crowley Bible? Credible Source? I was going to say something about Aesop‘s fables but I’ll stop there LOL

[@OikPoinFive]

@@pbohearn No. THE bible

[@oatmeal7563]

John Creighton Crowley i- its not. if im correct they dont even call themselfs "canaanites". thats just what the people who wrote the bible called them. its not a reliable source.

[@geoffmoon2903]

I thought the name Barry Cunliffe was familiar. I have his book "The Ancient Celts" on my shelf, alongside Peter Berresford Ellis's "The Druids". Thanks for the summary, it corresponds to what I can recall from the books.

[@margiegraham1643]

Thank you for your honesty

[@el_equidistante]

I wish you'd do a video on Zoroastrianism, I've wanted to understand in what it consisted beyond the super basic thing about dualism, but there are not a lot of resources I could find, and I don't know what would be a good book to start

[@lindafoxx1659]

Mary Boyce is an author and authority on Zoroastrianism. Although most history has been deliberately destroyed she tells of the slaughter of the Magi by the cowardly Darius.

[@scottreynolds7768]

Druids also named their months after trees and there was 13 months

[@lindamaemullins5151]

❤️

[@OldTimeyDragon]

One of the things I like most about this channel is just how unbiased you are when it comes to religious studies. Even when a historian specializing in studying the druids says they probably committed human sacrifice, you still remain skeptical and explain why. I think when we are able to realize that truth is hard to discern when it comes to ancient accounts, we get closer to actual truths about cultures of the past.

[@coachmurphy100]

Love your videos by the way great work

[@tristanholderness4223]

Your discussion of Celtic human sacrifice made me wonder about other classical and early medieval cultures accused of human sacrifice, in particular the Biblical accounts of Phoenician/Canaanite child immolation to Baal Hammon and Norse hanging to Odin. I've heard archaeology interpreted both for and against the Canaanite sacrifices with both sides agreeing on there being solid evidence of the mass burial of cremated infants, but disagreeing on whether the demographics fit sacrifice of firstborns (as the Carthaginians and their Phoenician ancestors were often accused of) or random infant mortality. I've not seen much argument about archaeology when it comes to the Norse though, there it mostly seems to come down to arguing about a couple of stanzas in the Poetic Edda, whether they're original or later Christian influence, or if they're actually referring to a regular practice performed on Earth at all (as opposed to simply being a thing Odin did once). So yeah, I was wondering if you knew anything about those, but am definitely more curious about the Near Eastern case

[@xmaniac99]

When your conqueror turns out to be your own accurate source .. gj Kaiser

[@braddersfam1754]

Thank you for the informative video. Have you done an episode about the phoenicians / canaanites influence in Ireland / UK?

[@CaptainMera]

Great video! Thank you! :D

[@cosmicwakes6443]

Can you speak on the religion of the Khoi san( Quena) of Southern Africa?

[@SamMejah]

Was Khoi San a religion or a tribe?

[@anomalousviewer3164]

@@SamMejah a tribe, however their beliefs are different from the other tribes ( nguni, bantu and venda ), they view the praymantis as their 'god'.

[@TiagoLageira]

No evidence you say.. *WHAT ABOUT ASTERIX & OBELIX*

[@thedruiddiaries6378]

LOL ;)

[@gejyspa]

Yeah, I'm surprised he doesn't mention druids brewing magic potions that grant superhuman strength.

[@myboy732]

What is that?

[@AquaFurs]

Good survey of basic issues, thanks.

[@matthewbateman6487]

Awesome! I'd enjoy watching one about the resurgence/return to/reinterpretation of pagan movements in general. How, why, and based on what?

[@TheCouzOnline]

But could they polymorph like the druids of dungeons and dragons?! Lol

[@matthewbateman6487]

Yeah, can they turn into animals? Can they talk to them? And can't they grow antlers from their heads too?

[@game-enjoyer13]

Well they believed that they could “awaken their inner animal spirit” and “transform” into these animals. on the inside not the outside. Like gaining the brutality and strength of a bear or speed and silence of a cat. You get the idea. And then DnD expanded that

[@sidneysmith3426]

Great video. Normally we do get the view point of the “winning side” and that area now is so heavily saturated with Roman Catholicism. Catholicism is already Christianity mixed with pagan practices, is there any chance we may be able to find something within how the Irish practice, maybe some old ancestral practices that made its way into the church?

[@amyangell2378]

This was very Intersesting 👍🍀

[@GeoffNelson]

Fabulous video

[@aumjayakishatriya2982]

I haven't done a lot of research on Celts and Druids, I thought they were seperate, yet you say Druidism was a denomination of Celticism. Any suggestions of best sources to learn more of these and others from this area?

[@royriley6282]

Click on your video for druids and you suddenly grow a beard. Perfect.

[@Hermit_mouse]

LOVE your vids!

[@tamgsmith8077]

Really love this channel! Would you mind making a vid on your own religious beliefs? You are always so seemingly fair and unbiased. I would love to know if you just see religion as a topic to scholarly research or do you have an actual passion for the subject? Could listen to you all day. Been binge watching all your stuff. Doesn't hurt that you are a very sexy nerd. Love from Texas.

[@ABird971]

Thank you! Well done. What I'd like to know about is the iranian religion following John the baptist. Or have you made a video on that already? And: What were the arabs up to before Mohammed arrived? Those would be my requests for now. :D

[@ABird971]

@Solomon Bacharach Yes you're right! I remember that name now.

[@ABird971]

@@SonofSethoitae Thank you. I've heard about that too. :) The Kabba before Mohammed, however, was more like a traveling business-man's temple, so it represented I.e. accommodated religions from all over the world and wasn't specifically Arab. I wonder if the Arabs had reference to Abraham before Mohammed, for example.

[@ABird971]

@@SonofSethoitae You're in the know. The people you've mentioned, are they contemporary scholars or pre-islamic scribes? I should google them or can you recommend a boom or a reading on this please? Online if possible. :)

[@lindafoxx1659]

@@SonofSethoitae that was most likely Sophia and Christ.

[@nighttree2]

I'm kind of surprised at the lack of New Age hooey here. I actually look at Drui/Druid as the "intellectual cast" in "celtic" cultures. There would have been many roles (Brehons/Lawmakers, Sacrificers, Historians, Doctors, Sorcerers...etc) and many others, and no single Drui would have been proficient in all these fields. The main point I find interesting....is that at a time where the intellectual cast had been supplanted by the martial cast in almost every other culture....Druid where still the dominant power. But then Gaelic lore always has an emphasis on intellectual and poetic skill.

[@zmnicvander]

I'd say that this is due to the fact that New Age hooey types usually form their own echo-chamber, they're into both syncretism and innovation, and don't tend to do historical, archaeological, linguistic, religious research outside their Romantic Revival go-to authors (who pretty much invented the whole thing themselves). An exception might be Gaelic Traditionalists and Celtic Reconstructionists, they do tend to emphasize going to the sources and researching outside their bubbles.

[@nighttree2]

@@zmnicvander well I have been CR all the way for many years now :P

[@pleasestandby5954]

Wow! Hayling Island is only a couple of miles from my farm and I had never heard of the Celtic temple

[@alstahl8574]

Great job

[@doctorpicardnononono7469]

you did a video on Druids but did not mention Panoramix?

[@scottanderson8167]

Disappointed that you didn’t cover their ability to transform into animals or their +2 on saving throws versus fire or electricity.

[@hellooldfriend3223]

Scott Anderson *cries in D&D*

[@sanicanadkarni918]

Great videos .I love u r channel

[@Wankshaftsbury]

There was an extraordinary culture that's forgotten, so much archaeology around Stone Henge, and up, in the northen isles. Possibly ancestor worship, but we'll never know. We know there was a very significant religion, major communities in the north, and centuries of gatherings and feasts from all across Europe at Stone Henge. Burials across the whole area. Some people speculate it was originally because there is a natural "road" in the rock, leading up the hill, and ancient folk were struck by this when witnessing the sunrise.

[@billymoran3138]

Another video so soon!? Wach out or you might end up spoiling us haha

[@Thessalin]

Yeah, but when do they learn wild shape and travelling between trees? Or cat form and bear form? OH! Real druids! So you're saying my druid can use more armor than just leather? SWEET! This view on druids brought to you by Dungeons & Dragons and World of Warcraft.

[@RachaelTheFirboldDruid]

🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@waynebird6062]

Absolutely brilliant what a positive and powerful man

[@Lost-In-Blank]

A little off topic, but I like your new look!

[@Dan-xt7sv]

It should be mentioned that Stonehenge was not a Druidic creation but was instead made by a megalithic culture who inhabited Western Europe before the arrival of Celts. Neo-Druids who try to re-construct ceremonies at Stonehenge are again basing their views on outdated theories.

[@florinteo6795]

Please, also make a video about King/God/Priest Zalmoxis! ^_^ This one should be somehow a priority! :) Thank you in advace! :D

[@steventalbott6066]

Well done

[@Datsyzerberg]

The way you describe druidic temples are very similar to the temple homes built at Chaco canyon. Especially with the round portion that natives say was the portal through which ancient indian magicians would summons spirits.

[@AbdullahMikalRodriguez]

How do you view the Druids in relation to shamanism? A continuation of ancient shamanistic culture perhaps?

[@GraemeMarkNI]

“Accusations of human sacrifice are... something you invent about people you don’t like.”

[@AskTorin]

You just gained a new subscriber

[@kkay3784]

I love your videos. I have been looking for info on the differences between evangelicals and fundamentalists. I don't know if I can ask you here, but I am going for it and asking you in the comment section of The Druids: What is the difference between evangelicals and fundamentalists?