Sa-19 Tunguska Missiles Are SACLOS-Guided NOT Radar-Guided | DCS WORLD

[@Temeluchas]

Well, fortunately, there is 1991 training manual for Tunguska on-line (in russian, of course). This thing has 5 modes of operation: 1. "All-radar" - default mode for guns (and guns only). Basically - fully automatic. The operator only chooses targets on the search radar screen and gives permission to engage. Fire-control system automatically aims, fires (burst length is also auto-calculated) and checks whether additional bursts are required. 2. "Radar ranging, optical angulation" - default mode for missiles, back-up for guns. Missiles are indeed SACLOS-guided (but field of operator's vision in DCS is waaay to small), but with an interesting quirk - after launch missile is automatically steered to the side for 1,5 seconds, so smoke won't interrupt SACLOS. And after 3 seconds of flight the engine separates, so there is no smoke at all. Missiles do have proximity fuse (5 meters radius). Theoretically, Tunguska can fire its missiles without radar at all (range can be obtained automatically from air-defence command vehicles etc.). If guns are used in this mode - gunner keeps the mark on target and holds the trigger, everything else is the same as with "all radar" mode - fire-control system "fires by itself". 3. "Inertial tracking". Guns only. This mode enables only if lock was lost in mode 1 or mode 2. Fire-control system uses the last data obtained and assumes, that target maintained speed and direction. In short, it "thinks": "Well, the plane was here, diving at 832 kph 1 second ago, so now it has to be about here... BRRR-R-R-T" 4. "Back-up" (it has a very long russian name and i'm too lazy to translate). Gunner keeps the mark on target, commander manually inputs target's speed (which he guesstimates). Fire-control system calculates range, lead etc and tracks target, but the gunner finally has to actually fire the guns! 5. "Fire via reticle". Old-school - fully manual firing using optical sight reticle. Used for firing on ground target or if everything else doesn't work.

[@Struktualnyj]

About #2 - It's maybe not clear from what you are saying, but the tracking radar (ССЦ) tracks the target to cue the optical sight and to provide the range for the fire solution. So in the game this main mode isn't implemented, instead there are backup/secondary modes of operation. Or so it seams.

[@Temeluchas]

@@Struktualnyj in #2 range by default is provided by the search radar (СОЦ), if its not possible (due to ecw for examaple), tracking radar (ССЦ) is used (and RWR will warn the plane that it's targeted), also range can be input manually or from external sources. Tracking radar antenna is also used to transmit control commands to the missiles, but this singals are way weaker than "default" radar emission

[@grimreapers]

Amazing Info thanks. Well done

[@RedVRCC]

gaijin pls add mode 1

[@nilsschmidt7858]

According to the German Wikipedia Tunguskas Missiles are indeed SACLOS guided, but the Tracking Radar is used to send the steering-signals. However that works.

[@Sniperahead]

its more like getting the infos from the radar and turning the turret/optics on the target. So that the missile flies optical to the target provided by information from the radar.

[@madyogi6164]

Well, tracking system must talk to the missile and tell it where to go. Operator can't do it just with his sights. Can he? His task is to keep the target in sight. In general, tracking radar is for guns employment.

[@Struktualnyj]

It is nice that you continue to explore this. I also was stimulated to dig some info on Tunguska and other SAMs (the more you learn, the better you understand how little you really know). So thank you, and I look forward to see your new videos on SAMs and ships.

[@grimreapers]

Thanks Igor

[@amethysttalon3507]

From what I've found online, the missile the Tunguska uses is a 9kg Warhead with a Laser Fuze

[@grimreapers]

thx

[@rayotoxi1509]

9kg what Nah i found around 5 kg

[@isotaan]

Cap, slight nitpick: Anti-air missile fuzes vary. Some of them use radar proximity fuzes. Some still use contact fuses. Some modern air missiles like current Sidewinder models use laser proximity fuzes. The real life Tunguska can use various fuzes from radar to laser to contact fuzes , depending on the missile loaded. However, none of them use "magnetic fuzes."

[@grimreapers]

Copy thanks, I think the "magnetic" bit I may have invented at some point.

[@emmerad]

The Tunguska missiles have a eight-beam laser proximity fuze (modern variants have a radio fuse).

[@grimreapers]

thx

[@bmw540i]

I would love to see the SAM's revisited like you've done with the ships, Cap 👍🏻🇬🇧

[@grimreapers]

rgr

[@komkom3425]

AMAZING CAP, i was going crazy not understanding why the tunguska always hit me even when i was drenching the whole area with chaff

[@Mojje42]

this explains a lot did a mission with a group of SA-19 that i had to fly low and fast through them first 2 tries i got shoot down...because i was waiting for the TR alert...which never came except the big bang of the missile hitting me... so i just flew lower.... thereby not being in line of sight and this also explains why my RB-75 was able to take out an SA-19 where i was expecting it to take the missile out with it's own missiles like the Tor does....tried with guns but nope Thanks Cap

[@irememberjeepz]

From what I’ve researched the primary missile mode is indeed radar guidance with electro-optical for use in high jamming environments. The search and track radars automatically slew the turret to the target and track for both the guns and missiles. It always bothered me as to why they would have the guns auto-track but for the Missiles just say “to hell with it”. Basically, from what I’ve read, the SA-19 Tunguska is both radar and electro-optically guided based off of battlefield conditions. So even if you were to jam the radars they could then just manually guide it in using a data link between the vehicle and the missile. I could be wrong, there seems to be a lot of conflicting info out there between reports. In any case, as Cap stated this doesn’t reflect what may be modeled in DCS and I retract my comment from the other SA-19 video. :-D Cap, you need to interview a Tunguska operator to get us real world info. :-D

[@Maeyanie]

What would do a much better job of proving your point is to check if it can't fire through fog, or a similar situation where optical guidance can't work. I'm not sure that's simulated in DCS, but you could check that too... have a Tunguska and an unguided AAA together, if both fire visibility's not simulated, if the Tunguska fires it's radar-capable, and if neither fire it's optically guided. Heck, that's not a bad idea for a video anyhow, just to see how well DCS handles it.

[@grimreapers]

good idea wilco

[@madyogi6164]

5:30 the missile has proximity fuse too. Check 9M311 and its variants K, M, M1...

[@ScreamingElectron]

Cap, SAMs generally use radio proximity fuses, not magnetic influence. Aircraft are made predominantly of aluminum.

[@grimreapers]

thx

[@janhruska4471]

For SACLOS, you need also the Range to target to be able guide a missile or aim guns to impact point. Without range, missiles will never hit moving target in any aspect other than straight head-on. Is range info interval from Search Radar enough to guide/aim weapons?

[@eccmo]

Hi CAP, The SA-19 is supported by the HOT SHOT radar system, which consists of a surveillance radar with a maximum range of 18 km, and a tracking radar with a maximum range of 13 km. The semi-automatic radar to command line-of-sight engagement requires the gunner to track the target using the roof-mounted stabilized optical sight. The integrated fire-control system of the 2S6M incorporates the following components: Target acquisition radar (TAR) (1RL144), operating in the E-band, with a max. range of 20 km. Target tracking radar (TTR) (1RL144M), operating in the J-band, with a max. range of 18 km. IFF system (1RL138), operating in C-and D-band. Direct-view Optics (DVO). Fire-control computer. The Target tracking radar (TTR) (1RL144M) antenna is mounted at the front section of the turret and has two fundamental functions that depend on whether the guns or missiles are selected. The tracking radar constantly relays target range, elevation and bearing to the fire-control computer, and on the basis if these data the computer generated the laying commands for the weapon system. A stabilized optical sight is used as a back up tracking channel, allowing target data to be relayed to the fire-control computer. This sight is also used to calculate the deviation of a missile's flight path from the line-of-sight, these data being automatically relayed to the fire control computer and used to generate correction signals. During a gun engagement, the TTR functions as an automatic target tracker, feeding target position data to the fire-control computer. During missile engagement, the tracking radar locks onto the target and then lays the optical sight on the target. Subsequently the gunner assumes the target-tracking function with the electro-optic sight, and the radar is used for relaying guidance commands to the SA-19 missile. The tracking radar emits pulse-position-modulated codes for missile guidance. The TTR is a two-channel monopulse design featuring an MTI processor and a digital range-tracking system. The tracking radar is generally cued with coarse range and angle data from the TAR. Alternatively, the targeting information can be passed by means of the command and control network. The missiles have a combined impact/proximity laser fuzewith a fragmented-rod warhead

[@grimreapers]

thanks for all the info Sir

[@arjanbedi1729]

Hey cap, was just messing around with an s300 in mission editor was wondering how far you can spread out the launchers from the radars? I suppose it'll make for a good video too.

[@THEFINPete252]

as far as i know, no limit just as long as its in the same group.

[@grimreapers]

yup making a vid on this soon

[@jamesnorth7318]

@@grimreapers great cap. Wanted to see that tunguska blow u next time. U love everything aircraft. Im a mechanic on the bloody things would love to play ds with you guys but, just seems too hard to get to started on. Ohh well ace combat 7 may do for now

[@behnamsaeedi]

A-10C does get a warning, it gets a launch warning

[@Sniperahead]

you can also look on a target and shoot it radar guided, back in the days

[@H8red8Her]

hello everyone... great chanel, we would sure like to see more anti AAA and SAM attacks with two sorties... using different tactics, pop-up, guns, standoff, suppression, that sort of things. to see what works with what.

[@TheGranicd]

Cap reeeally hates Tunguska.

[@grimreapers]

I do don;t I?

[@TheGranicd]

@@grimreapers Wasn't sure until you posted 245th video about it 😁

[@firmaneffendi2801]

he basically both hates and amaze with its capability but me, I hate it... Well, I think I had destroyed my MiG-21 for 200x by the SA-19 by doing some reckless flying around it

[@schweizerluchs7146]

LOL